CN102517218B - Method for culturing microalgae on sea surface - Google Patents
Method for culturing microalgae on sea surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN102517218B CN102517218B CN 201110446697 CN201110446697A CN102517218B CN 102517218 B CN102517218 B CN 102517218B CN 201110446697 CN201110446697 CN 201110446697 CN 201110446697 A CN201110446697 A CN 201110446697A CN 102517218 B CN102517218 B CN 102517218B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for culturing microalgae on the sea surface. The method utilizes a special microalgae culturing barrel to culture the microalgae, the culturing barrel can float on the sea surface and is relatively fixed through a pull rope arranged on the culturing barrel so that the culturing barrel cannot be drifted away, the upper portion of the culturing barrel is made of transparent materials so that sunlight can permeate, microporous filtering films are embedded or fixed at two ends of the culturing barrel, on two sides of the culturing barrel and on a barrel wall at the bottom of the culturing barrel, the bottom or the end of the culturing barrel is provided with an outlet connected with a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected to a main pipe, and algae liquid in the culturing barrel is recycled through a pump of the main pipe. The upper portion of the culturing barrel is composed of an interlayer made of the transparent materials, and air is sealed in the interlayer. The interlayer sealing the air has the effects of keeping the culturing barrel on the sea surface due to the effect of floatage and keeping a transparent layer upward. The culturing method is convenient and simple and low in cost and can utilize nutrition of the sea water and illumination on the sea surface to culture the microalgae in the natural environment, the cultured microalgae is limited in the culturing barrel so that the microalgae cannot be dispersed in the sea, thereby being favorable for collection of the microalgae.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of cultural method, particularly a kind of culturing microalgae on sea surface, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Little algae is water microorganisms, has the photosynthesis ability, and the energy absorbing carbon dioxide is emitted oxygen, belongs to lower plant.In the ocean, little algae is the biology of the of paramount importance organism producer, stabilizing carbon dioxide and conversion solar energy.
Compare with higher plant, little algae utilizes the efficient of sunlight high, and yield per unit is more than 10 times of higher plant.Large-scale little algae is cultivated, the little algae of every production 1 t can consume about 1.5 t carbonic acid gas, passes through photosynthesis, carbon dioxide conversion is become grease, carbohydrate and protein etc., can be used as the production of feed, food, fuel, industrial chemicals and degradable plastics etc.
The large marine marine microalgae that enormous amount is arranged.But because the concentration of little algae in seawater is extremely low, little phycobiont volume is small, is unpractical so be used at present by the little algae of leaching from seawater.
The ocean area takes up an area 70% of ball surface-area, even the area on offshore sea also is huge, if can utilize the offshore sea to produce little algae, not only can solve the problem of soil deficiency, little algae of the production enormous amount of also having ready conditions, thereby can obtain on a large scale biomass resource.By cultivate little algae at immediate offshore area, not only can obtain little algal biomass, can also effectively alleviate the particularly eutrophication problem in nearly marine site, river mouth of offshore, be conducive to environment protection.More big area is cultivated marine alga in the off-lying sea, can by the construction of operation ship or service platform, cultivate specially little algae in the off-lying sea and directly collect, be processed into various products or by sea go back to land of primary products.
But it is different with cage culture to cultivate little algae in the ocean, and little phycobiont is small, needs the special little algae of technology guarantee can effectively obtain cultivation and collection.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing culturing microalgae on sea surface, and the method can solve the aspect problems such as sunlight, nutrition exchange, carbonic acid gas transmission and the collection of little algae that little algae is cultivated to be needed.
For addressing the above problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Present method adopts special little algae to cultivate cylinder and cultivates little algae, and this cultivation cylinder can float over the sea, moves along with wave of the sea.The skewer stay cord is relatively fixing can not to be floated because the cultivation cylinder has, but has move place.The barrel of cultivating cylinder two ends, both sides and/or bottom is inlayed or is fixed wtih millipore filtration, the fenestra of millipore filtration is 0.01 ~ 10 μ m, millipore filtration can also can be made with pottery with the organic synthesis material, the effect of filter membrane is to allow seawater by filter membrane the inside and outside seawater of cultivation cylinder can be exchanged, and can only be retained in but microalgae cell can not pass filter membrane and cultivate in the cylinder.By cultivating cylinder in the saturating property of the motion of sea water wave and millipore filtration, realize cultivating the exchange of the inside and outside seawater of cylinder, the outer seawater of cylinder has the carbonic acid gas of nutrition and dissolving, cultivate the outer seawater of cylinder and enter the cultivation cylinder by millipore filtration, make little algae of cultivating in the cylinder can obtain new nutrient substance, keep growth.Millipore filtration has stopped that also weed eater enters the little algae of cultivation cylinder food.The top of cultivating cylinder is to be made by glass or synthetic glass, can see through sunlight, has guaranteed to cultivate the interior little algae of cylinder and can obtain illumination.Bottom or the end of cultivating cylinder have discharge port, are connecting pipe connecting.Pipe connecting can be the sebific duct of seawater corrosion resistance or the water pipe of other materials, pipe connecting interconnects and is connected at last house steward, pump by house steward can reclaim the algae liquid of cultivating in the cylinder, thus little algal biomass can be regular or that collection is cultivated from cultivate cylinder aperiodically.The top of cultivating cylinder is that the transparent sandwich that intermediate seal air is made, the thickness of interlayer is 0.5 cm or thicker, if but general thickness surpasses the diameter of cultivating cylinder or the thickness of cultivating the internal space of cylinder, cultivate cylinder and topple over easily, be difficult to guarantee that transparent layer makes little algae can accept sunlight up.The effect that is sealing the interlayer of air is to keep cultivating cylinder because the effect of buoyancy always is in the sea and keeps transparent layer up.The shape of cultivating cylinder can be that right cylinder also can be rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes.
The present invention with respect to the beneficial effect of prior art is: up to the present, also do not have a kind of method can directly cultivate on the sea little algae as method of the present invention, and can guarantee that little algal biomass of cultivating can obtain Collection and use.At present, the method for cultivating little algae has fresh water to cultivate and seawater cultivation 2 large classes, and fresh water is cultivated the general bioreactor culture that adopts the cultivation of open pond or various sealings.It also is to be cultivated or cultivated by the cultivation pool of building on land by various closed reactor that seawater is cultivated.These methods or will consume the soil perhaps rely on culture device, all can not take full advantage of the available solar irradiation of nutrition and sea of ocean.Sea of the present invention microalgae culture method has just overcome these shortcomings, can take full advantage of oceanic resources, has saved widely the soil, and the production of realization resource is expanded to the ocean.Method of the present invention is convenient for production, cost is low, and micro algae growth speed is fast, can carry out on a large scale micro-algae propagation production, and is easy to promote.Method of the present invention also helps the solution of ocean eutrophication problem, can effectively reduce the seawater Eutrophic Extent of cultivating the marine site, is conducive to environment protection.Because the present invention adopts to charge seed to cultivate little algae, the growth pressure of little algae is higher than the growth under the seawater natural condition, so the environmental protection effect of the aspects such as carbon dioxide enriched and seawater nutrient consumption is better.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment the present invention is described in further details, these embodiment only are used for illustrating the present invention, do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Present method adopts special little algae to cultivate cylinder and cultivates little algae, and this cultivation cylinder is right cylinder, can float over the sea, moves along with wave of the sea.Cultivating cylinder has that the skewer stay cord is relatively fixing can not to be floated, but has move place.Cultivating cylinder is that the synthetic glass of 1 mm is made by thickness, can see through sunlight.Cultivating cylinder is of a size of: Φ 40 * 200 cm.The circular cavity of 1 Φ 15cm is respectively arranged at the two ends of cultivating cylinder, and the millipore filtration that make with organic materials in these 2 cavities seals.In the place of periphery except the air buffer of top of cylindrical shell, offer 6 openings that are of a size of 40 * 10 cm, opening seals with millipore filtration.All envelopes the opening of millipore filtration in the outside fixing one deck stainless (steel) wire, do not attacked by animals such as fish and break for the protection of millipore filtration.The fenestra of millipore filtration is 1 μ m, millipore filtration is made with the organic synthesis material, the effect of filter membrane is to allow seawater by filter membrane the inside and outside seawater of cultivation cylinder can be exchanged, can only be retained in but microalgae cell can not pass filter membrane in the cultivation cylinder, and weed eater can not enter the little algae of cultivation cylinder food.The bottom of cultivating cylinder has a discharge port, is connecting pipe connecting.Pipe connecting adopts the sebific duct of seawater corrosion resistance, pipe connecting, and the pump by house steward can reclaim the algae liquid of cultivating in the cylinder.Cultivate the synthetic glass of a semicylinder of cylinder welded top, form the hollow transparent interlayer that thickness is 5 cm with cylindrical shell, this interlayer is sealing air, and its effect is keep to cultivate cylinder because the effect of buoyancy always is in the sea and keep transparent interlayer up.
Cultivate for the first time need to be by cultivating cylinder discharge port to inject 25 liters of frustule concentration in the cylinder be 1 * 10 to cultivating
8The Dunaliella salina of individual/ml (
Dunaliella salina) plant liquid, will cultivate cylinder and drop into the sea.Summer (if some algae kinds also can be cultivated winter at the South Sea), cultivate on the sea 30 days (fine day, need the proper extension time such as wet weather).Then utilize pump to extract algae liquid from cultivating cylinder, until the algae liquid cell content that flows out is 1 * 10
6Till about individual/ml.Can obtain about 450 gram microalgae cell dry-matteies from the algae liquid of collecting, productive rate is 15 g/ days.Do not need later on kind of the liquid that reinjects, cultivate the effect that the frustule that stays in the cylinder can play seed.
Embodiment 2
Cultivating cylinder is that the PVC of 2 mm makes by thickness, cultivates cylinder and is of a size of: Φ 50 * 300 cm.The circular cavity of 1 Φ 30cm is respectively arranged at the two ends of cultivating cylinder, and the millipore filtration that make with organic materials in these 2 cavities seals.In the place of periphery except the air buffer of top of cylindrical shell, offer 10 openings that are of a size of 50 * 10 cm, opening seals with millipore filtration.All envelopes the opening of millipore filtration in the outside fixing one deck stainless (steel) wire, do not attacked by animals such as fish and break for the protection of millipore filtration.The fenestra of millipore filtration is 0.45 μ m, millipore filtration is made with the organic synthesis material, the effect of filter membrane is to allow seawater by filter membrane the inside and outside seawater of cultivation cylinder can be exchanged, can only be retained in but microalgae cell can not pass filter membrane in the cultivation cylinder, and weed eater can not enter the little algae of cultivation cylinder food.The bottom of cultivating cylinder has a discharge port, is connecting pipe connecting.Pipe connecting adopts the sebific duct of seawater corrosion resistance, pipe connecting, and the pump by house steward can reclaim the algae liquid of cultivating in the cylinder.It is 120 that a cultivation cylinder top cuts open angle
oOpening, the thickness of the pmma material of a bonding arc cylinder is the hollow transparent interlayer of 10 cm, the hollow interlayer and cultivate cylindrical shell bonding must sealing and firmly, leakage can not be arranged.Interlayer is sealing air, and its effect is keep to cultivate cylinder because the effect of buoyancy always is in the sea and keep transparent interlayer up.
Cultivate for the first time need to be by cultivating cylinder discharge port to inject 50 liters of frustule concentration in the cylinder be 1 * 10 to cultivating
8The marine chlorella of individual/ml (
Chlorella vulgris) plant liquid, will cultivate cylinder and drop into the sea.In summer, cultivate on the sea 20 days (fine day, need the proper extension time such as wet weather).Then utilize pump to extract algae liquid from cultivating cylinder, until the algae liquid cell content that flows out is 1 * 10
6Till about individual/ml.Can obtain about 1000 gram microalgae cell dry-matteies from the algae liquid of collecting, productive rate is 50g/ days.Do not need later on kind of the liquid that reinjects, cultivate the effect that the frustule that stays in the cylinder can play seed.
Claims (2)
1. the method for a culturing microalgae on sea surface, it is characterized in that: adopt little algae to cultivate cylinder and cultivate little algae, cultivating cylinder is by glass, synthetic glass, plastics or other organic materialss are made, the top of cultivation cylinder is made by transparent material and can be seen through sunlight, cultivate the cylinder two ends, the barrel of both sides and bottom is provided with millipore filtration, the top of cultivating cylinder is that intermediate seal the interlayer that the transparent material of air makes and formed, bottom or the end of cultivating cylinder have discharge port, connecting pipe connecting, pipe connecting interconnects and is connected at last house steward, can receive the algae liquid of cultivating in the cylinder with blowback by house steward, it is floating across the sea to cultivate cylinder, be provided with the skewer stay cord and make and cultivate that cylinder is relatively fixing can not to be floated, and have move place, along with the wave of the sea motion; Cultivate for the first time the discharge port that needs by cultivating cylinder and inject little algae seedling solution in the cylinder to cultivating, cultivate harvest time on the sea, then utilize pump to extract algae liquid from cultivating cylinder, reclaim most of frustule, in cultivating cylinder, stay the seed that a certain amount of frustule is cultivated as next batch;
The fenestra of described millipore filtration is 0.01 ~ 10 μ m, the effect of filter membrane is to allow seawater by filter membrane the inside and outside seawater of cultivation cylinder can be exchanged, microalgae cell can not pass filter membrane and can only be retained in the cultivation cylinder, thereby marine algophagous can not see through filter membrane can not enter affects little algae in the cultivation cylinder production;
Described millipore filtration is arranged on two ends, both sides and the bottom of cultivating cylinder by the mode of inlaying or fix.
2. the method for a kind of culturing microalgae on sea surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described interlayer is 0.5 centimetre to 1 times that cultivates cylinder diameter or interior empty gauge, and the effect that is sealing the interlayer of air is to keep cultivating cylinder because the effect of buoyancy always is in the sea and keeps transparent layer up.
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| CN 201110446697 CN102517218B (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2011-12-28 | Method for culturing microalgae on sea surface |
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| CN 201110446697 CN102517218B (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2011-12-28 | Method for culturing microalgae on sea surface |
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| CN102517218A CN102517218A (en) | 2012-06-27 |
| CN102517218B true CN102517218B (en) | 2013-05-29 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103805500A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-21 | 杭州鑫伟低碳技术研发有限公司 | Offing microalgae cultivation device and cultivation method |
| CN104531502A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-22 | 叶剑 | Device and method for culturing energy microalgae in deep seawater |
| CN112250194A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Method for removing nutritive salt in water in situ and application thereof |
| CN112877179A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-01 | 大连理工大学 | Wave amplification device for culturing microalgae |
| CN115404168B (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-05-12 | 山东滨州八匹马塑料化纤制品有限公司 | Marine microalgae cultivation method |
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