CN102517218A - Method for culturing microalgae on sea surface - Google Patents
Method for culturing microalgae on sea surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN102517218A CN102517218A CN2011104466971A CN201110446697A CN102517218A CN 102517218 A CN102517218 A CN 102517218A CN 2011104466971 A CN2011104466971 A CN 2011104466971A CN 201110446697 A CN201110446697 A CN 201110446697A CN 102517218 A CN102517218 A CN 102517218A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for culturing microalgae on the sea surface. The method utilizes a special microalgae culturing barrel to culture the microalgae, the culturing barrel can float on the sea surface and is relatively fixed through a pull rope arranged on the culturing barrel so that the culturing barrel cannot be drifted away, the upper portion of the culturing barrel is made of transparent materials so that sunlight can permeate, microporous filtering films are embedded or fixed at two ends of the culturing barrel, on two sides of the culturing barrel and on a barrel wall at the bottom of the culturing barrel, the bottom or the end of the culturing barrel is provided with an outlet connected with a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected to a main pipe, and algae liquid in the culturing barrel is recycled through a pump of the main pipe. The upper portion of the culturing barrel is composed of an interlayer made of the transparent materials, and air is sealed in the interlayer. The interlayer sealing the air has the effects of keeping the culturing barrel on the sea surface due to the effect of floatage and keeping a transparent layer upward. The culturing method is convenient and simple and low in cost and can utilize nutrition of the sea water and illumination on the sea surface to culture the microalgae in the natural environment, the cultured microalgae is limited in the culturing barrel so that the microalgae cannot be dispersed in the sea, thereby being favorable for collection of the microalgae.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method, the method for the little algae of particularly a kind of sea water culture belongs to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Little algae is a water microorganisms, has the photosynthesis ability, and the ability absorbing carbon dioxide is emitted oxygen, belongs to lower plant.In the ocean, little algae is the biology of of paramount importance organic compound production person, stabilizing carbon dioxide and conversion solar ability.
Compare with higher plant, little algae utilizes the efficient of sunlight high, and yield per unit is more than 10 times of higher plant.Large-scale little algae is cultivated; The little algae of every production 1 t can consume about 1.5 t carbonic acid gas, through photosynthesis; Carbonic acid gas is changed into grease, glucide and protein etc., can be used as the production of feed, food, fuel, industrial chemicals and degradable plastics etc.
The big marine marine microalgae that enormous amount is arranged.But because the concentration of little algae in seawater is extremely low, little phycobiont volume is small, is unpractical so be used at present through the little algae of leaching from seawater.
The ocean area takes up an area of 70% of ball surface-area; Even the area on offshore sea also is huge,, not only can solve the insufficient problem in soil if can utilize the offshore sea to produce little algae; Little algae of the production enormous amount of also having ready conditions, thereby can obtain biomass resource on a large scale.Through in the immediate offshore area culturing microalgae, not only can obtain little algal biomass, can also effectively alleviate the particularly eutrophication problem in nearly marine site, river mouth of offshore, help environment protection.More big area is cultivated marine alga in the off-lying sea, can be through the construction of operation ship or service platform, and the special culturing microalgae and directly collect, be processed into various products or by sea go back to land of primary products in the off-lying sea.
But culturing microalgae is different with cage culture in the ocean, and little phycobiont is small, needs special technique could guarantee that little algae can obtain culturing and collecting effectively.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing the little algae of sea water culture, and this method can solve the aspect problems such as sunlight, nutrition exchange, carbonic acid gas transmission and the collection of little algae that little algae cultivation needs.
For addressing the above problem, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is:
Present method adopts special little algae to cultivate the tube culturing microalgae, and this cultivation tube can float over the sea, moves along with wave of the sea.There is skewer stay cord relative fixed can not float owing to cultivate tube, but has move place.The barrel of cultivating tube two ends, both sides and/or bottom is inlayed or is being fixed millipore filtration; The fenestra of millipore filtration is 0.01 ~ 10 μ m; Millipore filtration can also can be processed with pottery with the organic synthesis material; The effect of filter membrane is to allow seawater through filter membrane the inside and outside seawater of cultivation tube can be exchanged, and can only be retained in but microalgae cell can not pass filter membrane and cultivate in the tube.By cultivating the saturating property of tube water wave motion and miillpore filter on the sea; Realize cultivating the exchange of the inside and outside seawater of tube; The outer seawater of tube has nutrition and carbon dioxide dissolved; Cultivate the outer seawater of tube and get into the cultivation tube by miillpore filter; Make little algae of cultivating in the tube can obtain new nutrient, keep growth.Millipore filtration has stopped that also weed eater gets into the little algae of cultivation tube food.The top of cultivating tube is to be made by glass or lucite, can see through sunshine, has guaranteed to cultivate the interior little algae of tube and can obtain illumination.The bottom or the end of cultivating tube have discharge port, are connecting pipe connecting.Pipe connecting can be the sebific duct of seawater corrosion resistance or the water pipe of other materials; Pipe connecting interconnects and is connected to house steward at last; Pump through house steward can reclaim the algae liquid of cultivating in the tube, thus can be regular or from cultivate tube, collect the cultured microalgae biomass aperiodically.The top of cultivating tube is that the transparent sandwich that intermediate seal air is processed; The thickness of interlayer is 0.5 cm or thicker; If but general thickness surpasses the diameter of cultivating tube or the thickness of cultivating the internal space of tube; Cultivate tube and topple over easily, be difficult to guarantee that transparent layer makes little algae can accept sunlight up.The effect that is sealing the interlayer of air is to keep cultivating tube because buoyancy function always is in the sea and keeps transparent layer up.The shape of cultivating tube can be that right cylinder also can be a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes.
The present invention with respect to the beneficial effect of prior art is: up to the present, also do not have a kind of method can as method of the present invention can be on the sea direct culturing microalgae, and can guarantee that the cultured microalgae biomass can obtain collecting and utilizing.At present, the method for culturing microalgae has fresh water to cultivate and seawater is cultivated 2 big classes, and fresh water is cultivated general cultivation of open pond or the various enclosed reaction vessel of adopting and cultivated.It also is to be cultivated or cultivated by the cultivation pool of building in the land by various closed reactor that seawater is cultivated.These methods perhaps will consume the soil, perhaps rely on culture device, all can not make full use of the available solar irradiation of nutrition and sea of ocean.Sea of the present invention microalgae culture method has just overcome these shortcomings, can make full use of oceanic resources, has practiced thrift the soil widely, and the production of realization resource is expanded to the ocean.Method of the present invention is convenient for production, cost is low, and micro algae growth speed is fast, can carry out micro-algae propagation production on a large scale, and is easy to promote.Method of the present invention also helps the solution of ocean eutrophication problem, can effectively reduce the seawater eutrophication degree of cultivating the marine site, helps environment protection.Because the present invention adopts the culturing microalgae of charging seed, the growth pressure of little algae is higher than the growth under the seawater natural condition, so the environmental protection effect of aspects such as carbon dioxide enriched and seawater nutrient consumption is better.
Embodiment
Through embodiment the present invention is explained further details below, these embodiment only are used for explaining the present invention, do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Present method adopts special little algae to cultivate the tube culturing microalgae, and this cultivation tube is a right cylinder, can float over the sea, moves along with wave of the sea.Cultivating tube has skewer stay cord relative fixed can not float, but has move place.Cultivating tube is that the synthetic glass of 1 mm is processed by thickness, can see through sunshine.Cultivating tube is of a size of: Φ 40 * 200 cm.The circular cavity of 1 Φ 15cm is respectively arranged at the two ends of cultivating tube, and the millipore filtration that process with organic materials in these 2 cavities is sealed.In the place of periphery except that the air buffer of top of cylindrical shell, offer 6 openings that are of a size of 40 * 10 cm, opening is sealed with millipore filtration.All envelopes the opening of millipore filtration in the outside fixing one deck stainless (steel) wire, be used to protect millipore filtration not attacked and break by animals such as fish.The fenestra of millipore filtration is 1 μ m; Millipore filtration is processed with the organic synthesis material; The effect of filter membrane is to allow seawater through filter membrane the inside and outside seawater of cultivation tube can be exchanged; Can only be retained in but microalgae cell can not pass filter membrane in the cultivation tube, and weed eater can not get into the little algae of cultivation tube food.The bottom of cultivating tube has a discharge port, is connecting pipe connecting.Pipe connecting adopts the sebific duct of seawater corrosion resistance, pipe connecting, and the pump through house steward can reclaim the algae liquid of cultivating in the tube.Cultivate the synthetic glass of a semicylinder of tube welded top; Form the hollow transparent interlayer that thickness is 5 cm with cylindrical shell; This interlayer is sealing air, and its effect is keep to cultivate tube because buoyancy function always is in the sea and keep transparent interlayer up.
Cultivation for the first time need be injected 25 liters of frustule concentration through the discharge port of cultivating tube in cultivating tube be 1 * 10
8The Dunaliella salina of individual/ml (
Dunaliella salina) plant liquid, will cultivate tube and drop into the sea.Summer (if some algae kinds also can be cultivated winter at the South Sea), cultivate on the sea 30 days (fine day, need the proper extension time) like wet weather.Utilizing pump to extract algae liquid from cultivating tube then, is 1 * 10 up to effusive algae liquid cell content
6Till about individual/ml.Can obtain about 450 gram microalgae cell dry-matteies from the algae liquid of collecting, productive rate is 15 g/ days.Kind of the liquid that need not reinject is later on cultivated the effect that the frustule that stays in the tube can play seed.
Embodiment 2
Cultivating tube is that the PVC of 2 mm processes by thickness, cultivates tube and is of a size of: Φ 50 * 300 cm.The circular cavity of 1 Φ 30cm is respectively arranged at the two ends of cultivating tube, and the millipore filtration that process with organic materials in these 2 cavities is sealed.In the place of periphery except that the air buffer of top of cylindrical shell, offer 10 openings that are of a size of 50 * 10 cm, opening is sealed with millipore filtration.All envelopes the opening of millipore filtration in the outside fixing one deck stainless (steel) wire, be used to protect millipore filtration not attacked and break by animals such as fish.The fenestra of millipore filtration is 0.45 μ m; Millipore filtration is processed with the organic synthesis material; The effect of filter membrane is to allow seawater through filter membrane the inside and outside seawater of cultivation tube can be exchanged; Can only be retained in but microalgae cell can not pass filter membrane in the cultivation tube, and weed eater can not get into the little algae of cultivation tube food.The bottom of cultivating tube has a discharge port, is connecting pipe connecting.Pipe connecting adopts the sebific duct of seawater corrosion resistance, pipe connecting, and the pump through house steward can reclaim the algae liquid of cultivating in the tube.It is 120 that angle is severed at a cultivation tube top
oOpening, the thickness of the pmma material of a bonding arc cylinder is the hollow transparent interlayer of 10 cm, the hollow interlayer with cultivate cylindrical shell bonding must sealing with firmly, leakage can not be arranged.Interlayer is sealing air, and its effect is keep to cultivate tube because buoyancy function always is in the sea and keep transparent interlayer up.
Cultivation for the first time need be injected 50 liters of frustule concentration through the discharge port of cultivating tube in cultivating tube be 1 * 10
8The marine chlorella of individual/ml (
Chlorella vulgris) plant liquid, will cultivate tube and drop into the sea.In summer, cultivate on the sea 20 days (fine day, need the proper extension time) like wet weather.Utilizing pump to extract algae liquid from cultivating tube then, is 1 * 10 up to effusive algae liquid cell content
6Till about individual/ml.Can obtain about 1000 gram microalgae cell dry-matteies from the algae liquid of collecting, productive rate is 50g/ days.Kind of the liquid that need not reinject is later on cultivated the effect that the frustule that stays in the tube can play seed.
Claims (6)
1. the method for the little algae of sea water culture is characterized in that: adopt little algae to cultivate a tube culturing microalgae, cultivating tube is to be processed by glass, synthetic glass, plastics or other organic materialss; The top of cultivating tube is processed by transparent material and can be seen through sunshine, and the barrel of cultivating tube two ends, both sides and bottom is provided with millipore filtration, and the top of cultivating tube is that intermediate seal the interlayer composition that the transparent material of air is processed; The bottom or the end of cultivating tube have discharge port; Connecting pipe connecting, pipe connecting interconnects and is connected to house steward at last, can receive the algae liquid of cultivating in the tube with blowback through house steward; Cultivating tube floats on the sea; Be provided with the skewer stay cord and make a cultivation tube relative fixed can not float, and have move place, along with the wave of the sea motion; Cultivation for the first time needs in cultivating tube, to inject little algae seedling solution through the discharge port of cultivating tube; Cultivate harvest time on the sea; Utilize pump to extract algae liquid then, reclaim most of frustule, in cultivating tube, stay the seed that a certain amount of frustule is cultivated as next batch from cultivating tube.
2. the method for the little algae of a kind of sea water culture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described millipore filtration is organic synthesis material or stupalith.
3. the method for the little algae of a kind of sea water culture according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: the fenestra of described millipore filtration is 0.01 ~ 10 μ m; The effect of filter membrane is to allow seawater through filter membrane the inside and outside seawater of cultivation tube can be exchanged; Microalgae cell can not pass filter membrane and can only be retained in the cultivation tube, thereby marine algophagous can not see through filter membrane can not get into influences little algae in the cultivation tube production.
4. the method for the little algae of a kind of sea water culture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described millipore filtration is through inlaying or the fixed mode is arranged on two ends, both sides and the bottom of cultivating tube.
5. the method for the little algae of a kind of sea water culture according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the thickness of described interlayer be 0.5 centimetre to cultivate the tube diameter or in 1 times of empty gauge, the effect that is sealing the interlayer of air is to keep cultivating tube because buoyancy function always is in the sea and keeps transparent layer up.
6. the method for the little algae of a kind of sea water culture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described shape of cultivating tube is right cylinder or rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes.
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| CN 201110446697 CN102517218B (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2011-12-28 | Method for culturing microalgae on sea surface |
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| CN 201110446697 CN102517218B (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2011-12-28 | Method for culturing microalgae on sea surface |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103805500A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-21 | 杭州鑫伟低碳技术研发有限公司 | Offing microalgae cultivation device and cultivation method |
| CN104531502A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-22 | 叶剑 | Device and method for culturing energy microalgae in deep seawater |
| CN112250194A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Method for removing nutritive salt in water in situ and application thereof |
| CN112877179A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-01 | 大连理工大学 | Wave amplification device for culturing microalgae |
| CN115404168A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-11-29 | 山东滨州八匹马塑料化纤制品有限公司 | Marine microalgae cultivation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103805500A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-21 | 杭州鑫伟低碳技术研发有限公司 | Offing microalgae cultivation device and cultivation method |
| CN104531502A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-22 | 叶剑 | Device and method for culturing energy microalgae in deep seawater |
| CN112250194A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Method for removing nutritive salt in water in situ and application thereof |
| CN112877179A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-01 | 大连理工大学 | Wave amplification device for culturing microalgae |
| CN115404168A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-11-29 | 山东滨州八匹马塑料化纤制品有限公司 | Marine microalgae cultivation method |
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