CN105493976A - Prevention and control method of damage caused by rats in fruit tree gardens - Google Patents
Prevention and control method of damage caused by rats in fruit tree gardens Download PDFInfo
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- CN105493976A CN105493976A CN201510872406.3A CN201510872406A CN105493976A CN 105493976 A CN105493976 A CN 105493976A CN 201510872406 A CN201510872406 A CN 201510872406A CN 105493976 A CN105493976 A CN 105493976A
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- fruit tree
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0281—Protective ground coverings for individual plants, e.g. for plants in pots
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Abstract
The invention discloses a prevention and control method of damage caused by rats in fruit tree gardens. The prevention and control method includes the steps of wrapping smooth layers on the surfaces of trunks and/or first-grade branches of fruit trees, wherein the total wrapping height of the smooth layers is 80-120 cm, and the smooth layers are selected from one or more of smooth iron sheets, smooth aluminum sheets, smooth color steel tiles, smooth plastic and smooth hard paper. The method is green and environmentally friendly, can not cause environment protection or damage ecological balance, and is easy to operate and low in cost, the effective period of prevention and control of damage caused by rats is long, and the yield increase rate reaches 50% or above.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plague of rats Control Technology field, particularly relate to the preventing control method of the plague of rats in fruit tree garden.
Background technology
The mouse kind in harm fruit tree garden mainly contains Siberian chipmunk and Fence effect etc., and Siberian chipmunk feeding habits are mixed, and all eat evil to beans, wheat class, cereal, nut and melon and fruit etc., Siberian chipmunk is mainly many at land operations with daytime, the most active when morning and evening, movable few in the tree, be apt to climb tree, Quick off the mark is curious, abrupt slope, cliff, trunk can be climbed, and Fence effect then perches the petrographic province in mountain area, although Fence effect can be climbed on tree, but mainly also perch between rock, generally build a nest between rock gap.Fence effect daytime is movable, with melon and fruit and plant seed for food.
Siberian chipmunk and Fence effect especially have a preference for nut, and the annual plague of rats causes production loss to reach 35% to 45%, and when the plague of rats is serious, loss is more than 50%, even there is partial results plant total crop failure phenomenon.The method of the above-mentioned plague of rats of current prevention and control: 1. period poison bait, main bait is peanut, nut etc.; 2. sticky mouse glue is smeared; 3. apparatus is catched and killed.Period poison bait DeGrain, because bearing fruit in orchard, it is substantially invalid to trap and kill, originally the slightly stolen food of poison bait, and after seven to 15, poison bait does not reduce substantially; Smear sticky mouse glue and apparatus is catched and killed because orcharding has the domestic animal such as ox, sheep, pig put in a suitable place to breed, mouse glue and apparatus are destroyed often.In order to improve melon and fruit output, be necessary to work out a kind of method effectively preventing the plague of rats.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the preventing control method of the plague of rats in a planting fruit-trees garden, described preventing control method environmental protection, can not destroy the ecological balance, and simple to operate, applicability is strong.
The preventing control method of the plague of rats in the present invention one planting fruit-trees garden, at trunk and/or the one-level limb surface parcel smooth layer of fruit tree, the height of smooth layer parcel is 80 ~ 120cm.
If fruit tree is higher, all can wrap up smooth layer at its trunk and one-level limb surface, the width that smooth layer comprises at trunk and one-level limb surface is 80 ~ 120cm.
If the one-level limb bifurcation site of fruit tree is comparatively near (lower than 80cm) overhead, trunk can wrap up smooth layer; At each one-level limb place parcel smooth layer, smooth layer width is 80 ~ 120cm; Fruit tree is higher and one-level limb bifurcation site is overhead comparatively far away, only can wrap up smooth layer on fruit tree trunk.
Inventor, by for many years to the observation of muroid, finds that muroid not only can be set bar by climbing fruit tree and eat fruit steathily, also arrives fruit tree tree bar by jumping mode and eats fruit steathily.About about the 80cm of height that usual muroid is upwards jumped up on level land, conventional control bandicoot means can not play good effect.
The present invention wraps up at least one piece of smooth layer in advance on the trunk of fruit tree, smooth layer can reduce muroid pin and fruit tree and set frictional force between bar, tree bar can not be caught when muroid is jumped, can not stop or stand firm on the tree bar being enclosed with smooth layer fruit tree, muroid only can go back to ground from the landing of tree bar after jumping, can not climb on fruit tree, and then reach the effect of prevention and control bandicoot.
Described smooth layer is selected from one or more in smooth iron sheet, smooth aluminum skin, smooth color steel watt, smooth plastics and smooth cardboard, and the smooth layer of other smooth materials is also passable.Consider Long-Time Service, suitably can brush appropriate paint on iron sheet, aluminium skin or a color steel watt top layer, get rusty to prevent from exposing to the sun and rain and reduce service life, just change after at least can using 10 years.
Smooth layer is wrapped in trunk surface: the smooth layer lower end of wrapping up on fruit tree trunk surface is high 20 ~ 60cm far from ground.
Smooth layer is wrapped in one-level limb surface: at the smooth layer lower end distance crotch 20 ~ 30cm of one-level limb surface parcel.
After described smooth layer parcel trunk or one-level limb one are enclosed, the smooth layer of a reserved segment length, reserved smooth layer is also wrapped on trunk or limb, then uses iron wire to fix; Boring can be taked to intert with iron wire at smooth layer interface to reinforce, iron wire should not be excessively thick, prevents into the jump mouse kind that does good and implicate a little, and during interface boring, eyelet should not be excessive, becomes bandicoot and implicate a little after preventing from widening.The object of reserved smooth layer is that annual plant grows the parcel diameter that can relax smooth layer slightly, extends the service time of smooth layer.
The length of described reserved smooth layer is 20 ~ 60cm; Reserved circumferential length was determined by the service life of material, and metal material is longer for service time, can reserve 50cm ~ 60cm, smooth cardboard or the reserved 20 ~ 30cm of smooth plastics.
Described fruit tree is walnut, chestnut tree, cashew nut tree, apple tree, litchi, pear tree or apricot; Method provided by the invention is also applicable to the few fruit tree of other secondary branches.
For large area orchard: arrange the wide isolation strip of 5 ~ 8m in periphery, fruit tree field, described isolation strip implants height is no more than 80cm, be apt to jump mouse kind for preventing squirrel class jump to walnut from the plant higher than walnut and endanger, simultaneously, observe Hetaoyuan branch branch, if any subaerial branch, scientific and reasonable trimming method should be adopted to wipe out.
Around fruit tree field: the plant outside isolation strip can hang empty Aluminum Bottle on its branch close to root, reach wind bottle and ring, have certain scaring effect to bandicoot.
For small size fruit tree garden: root out isolation strip for small size Hetaoyuan and waste financial resources very much, can carry out rooting out higher than the small-sized plant of non-economy of 80cm or shrub to individual plant or many strains fruit tree periphery and prevent harm of closely jumping.
In order to strengthen control effect further, by the shrub in fruit tree garden and weeds removing, fruit tree garden planted agent interplants the too high economic crops of other plant as far as possible less, prevent bandicoot from jumping and endanger Walnut Fruit, for the cover plant higher than 80cm ~ 100cm in fruit tree garden, its trunk and/or one-level limb surface also need to wrap up smooth layer.
If fruit tree garden is positioned on mountain or on hills, if fruit tree is planted on stair-stepping tableland; The arm of angle in the tableland higher than 80cm in fruit tree garden is evened out, ensures that tableland is lower than 80cm; And make the last layer tableland arm of angle away from lower one deck fruit tree branch bar, if fruit tree melon and fruit branch is near tread, a pillar people can be stood for raising subaerial melon and fruit branch on tableland, pillar wraps up smooth layer, ensures that the secondary branch of fruit tree in lower one deck tableland will as far as possible away from the earth's surface, tableland on upper strata.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the prevention and control plague of rats method environmental protection that the present invention adopts, and can not cause environmental pollution, also can not destroy the ecological balance, simple to operate, cost is low, the term of validity of the prevention and control plague of rats is longer, and melon nut rate of growth reaches more than 50%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that smooth layer is included in fruit tree trunk and one-level limb;
Fig. 2 is that the boring of smooth layer interface adopts iron wire to fix schematic diagram;
Indicate in figure: 1-smooth layer, 2-iron wire, 3-iron wire hole, the height that H-smooth layer wraps up in trunk surface.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further details.
Following comparative example and embodiment carry out the prevention and control plague of rats in ancient city town, Zhen Yuan county.Per mu yield in former years walnut dry fruit is 100-120kg, and the time managed can reach more than 150kg, only below 80kg when plague of rats harm is serious.To show off one's talent or competence family's 25 mu of gradients 45 ° ~ 60 ° in democracy village poplar, the walnut ground that height above sea level is 1438 meters carries out the green prevention and control plague of rats test of 3 years by a definite date, and test effect is in table 1.
Because carrying out the investigation of Mousetrap capture rodent density regularly to squirrel in Hetaoyuan, can only adopt every mu of bait throwing in 100 heap, the investigation method investigation bandicoot of often piling bait 200 grams steals food situation, substitutes bandicoot density to steal food rate; Every mu of bait throwing in 100 heap, often piles bait 200 grams, puts bait 7 days and observes the stolen food situation of bait afterwards, do not carry out benefits bait, after bait throws in 15 days, often piles bait and is less than 50% and thinks that robber's food rate is 1%.
Comparative example
Do not take any preventing control method to adjacent family more than the 20 mu Hetaoyuan outside the democracy village 5km of ancient city town, Zhen Yuan county, consider as with reference to district (CK), walnut plantation is every mu of 12 ~ 15 strains.
Embodiment 1
In July, 2012 begins, the precocious walnut part in democracy village, ancient city town, Zhen Yuan county starts to bear fruit, walnut plantation is every mu of 12 ~ 15 strains, 5 ~ 8 meters of isolation strip are shoveled out 25 mu of Hetaoyuan peripheries, uproot weeds in Hetaoyuan, low brushwood, the present embodiment belongs to mountain planting walnut, Hetaoyuan tableland shape is obvious, tableland the arm of angle can be evened out higher than more than 80cm in garden, make the last layer tableland arm of angle away from lower one deck branch of Semen Juglandis bar as far as possible, and lower than 80cm, be convenient to more effectively prevent bandicoot jump, if fruit tree melon and fruit branch is near tread, a pillar people can be stood for raising subaerial melon and fruit branch on tableland, pillar wraps up smooth layer.
Adopt walnut, a small amount of Chinese chestnut, litchi trunk or one-level limb in smooth color steel watt or smooth galvanized iron sheet parcel field, the height of parcel is 80 ~ 120cm, and reserved length is 50 ~ 60cm.See Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 2, from Fig. 1, the minimum point of smooth galvanized iron sheet or smooth color steel watt parcel fruit tree trunk or one-level limb to the distance of peak for wrapping up height H.The one-level limb bifurcation site of some fruit tree is overhead comparatively near, can only at the color steel watt of one-level limb place parcel, and color steel is watt bottom apart from crotch 20 ~ 30cm; Higher and the one-level limb bifurcation site of fruit tree is overhead comparatively far away, only can wrap up color steel watt on fruit tree trunk, and color steel is watt bottom apart from ground 20 ~ 50cm; Some fruit tree is higher, can all wrap up smooth galvanized iron sheet on fruit tree trunk and one-level limb; Smooth layer is except employing aforesaid way parcel trunk, also can according to the actual height of the actual growing state of fruit tree and smooth layer, adopt segmented parcel fruit tree trunk and/or one-level limb, such as, can at fruit tree trunk and/or one-level limb surface parcel 2 ~ 3 sections of smooth layers, every section of height 30 ~ 60cm.
After walnut gather in the end of the year 2012, year-end statistics will be: the experimental field 25 mu of Hetaoyuans using pack, and per mu yield is 280kg, and mu is retrieved a loss 130kg.Check plot (CK) more than 20 mu Hetaoyuan does not take any safeguard measure, and the plague of rats is more serious than harm in former years, and per mu yield is 110kg.
After walnut gather in the end of the year 2013, relax color steel watt or galvanized iron sheet parcel diameter, year-end statistics is: the experimental field 25 mu of Hetaoyuans using pack, and per mu yield is 320kg, and mu is retrieved a loss 180kg.Because of check plot (CK) more than 20 mu Hetaoyuan do not take any safeguard measure, the plague of rats is more serious than harm in former years, and per mu yield is 95kg.
After walnut gather in the end of the year 2014, relax color steel watt or galvanized iron sheet parcel diameter, year-end statistics is: the experimental field 25 mu of Hetaoyuans using pack, and per mu yield is 315kg, and mu is retrieved a loss 170kg.Because of check plot (CK) more than 20 mu Hetaoyuan do not take any safeguard measure, the plague of rats is more serious than harm in former years, and per mu yield is 100kg.The results are shown in Table 1.
Investigation place: ancient city town, Zhen Yuan county democracy village control time: before and after fruit harvesting respectively once
Table 12012-2014 year Hetaoyuan green prevention and control output and robber's food rate application form
Note: because the Hetaoyuan gradient is comparatively large, every block ground 100 heap bait are irregular input, put the bait 7 days stolen food situation of observation bait afterwards, do not carry out benefit bait, and after bait throws in 15 days, often to pile bait, to be less than 50% be 1 density points.
Cost accounting
Color steel watt
For one 5 age walnut diameter 20cm, ∏ 3.14 × 20 ≈ girth 62.8cm ,+relax 15cm=77.8cm, the color steel watt quotation of a square meter is 15 yuan, can prevent 1.29 walnuts.0.07 hectare walnut is about 10-15, and if the age of tree is all about 5 ages, so, every mu of ground needs color steel watt 77.8 × 15=1167cm=116.7m × 15 yuan=1750.5 yuan/mu.Color steel watt at least can use 20 years, 1750.5 yuan of ÷ 20 years=87.525 yuan/year/mu.Walnut ground uses the color steel watt annual mu cost of pack prevention and control cost to be 87.53 yuan.
Iron sheet
Local galvanized iron sheet 0.8mm × 1m
2=35 yuan, every mu of 116.7m × 35 yuan=4084.5 yuan/mu.At least 50 years can be used, 4584.5 yuan of ÷ 50 years=81.69 yuan/year/mu after galvanized iron sheet mopping.Walnut ground uses the annual mu cost of galvanized iron sheet pack prevention and control cost to be 81.69 yuan.
During 2012 to 2014, do the test of the parcel prevention and control plague of rats in democracy village, ancient city town, Zhen Yuan county, in Jing Fu township of Jing Dong county, Wen Long town carries out the popularization of parcel prevention and control plague of rats method, the often 115kg that retrieves a loss per mu.With 2014 year's harvest east market price walnut per jin 11 yuan, per kilogram 22 yuan calculating, reality every mu is retrieved a loss and is reached 2530 yuan.
Over 2012, in Jing Dong county, Zhen Yuan county, Mojiang county strengthen walnut plantation dynamics, 57.52 ten thousand mu are planted with official statistics Jing Dong, 29.55 ten thousand mu, river flowing from Guizhou Province through Hunan into Dongting Lake, town, the calculating of 21.51 ten thousand mu, Mojiang, as used pack to prevent the plague of rats from occurring, so walnut 12.49 ten thousand tons about can be retrieved every year in walnut ground, 108.58 ten thousand mu, three county, retrieves economic worth 27.48 hundred million yuan every year.
Color steel used in the present invention watt can also draw rubbish to reclaim from building with iron sheet smooth layer and obtain, and the cost preventing and treating the plague of rats is like this lower.
Adopt described method cost lower, but can retrieve thousands of economic losses.Therefore this preventing control method is with low cost, environmental protection, the harm of effective prevention and control Hetaoyuan mouse, significantly improves walnut output, thus can in Yunnan Province even the orchard of nationwide carry out spread.When bandicoot steals food rate more than 50%, while adopting prevention and control plague of rats method of the present invention, can take artificial capture method, period poison bait, mouse cage catch and kill more effectively in prevention and control Hetaoyuan mouse endanger.
Claims (10)
1. the preventing control method of the plague of rats in a planting fruit-trees garden, is characterized in that, at trunk and/or the one-level limb surface parcel smooth layer of fruit tree, the height of smooth layer parcel is 80 ~ 120cm.
2. the preventing control method of the plague of rats in fruit tree garden as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described smooth layer is selected from one or more in smooth iron sheet, smooth aluminum skin, smooth color steel watt, smooth plastics and smooth cardboard.
3. the preventing control method of the plague of rats in fruit tree garden as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in the smooth layer lower end of fruit tree trunk surface parcel far from ground high 20 ~ 50cm.
4. the preventing control method of the plague of rats in fruit tree garden as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, at the smooth layer lower end distance crotch 20 ~ 30cm of one-level limb surface parcel.
5. the preventing control method of the plague of rats in fruit tree garden as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, after described smooth layer parcel trunk or one-level limb one are enclosed, the smooth layer of a reserved segment length, reserved smooth layer is also wrapped on trunk or limb, then uses iron wire to fix.
6. the preventing control method of the plague of rats in fruit tree garden as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the length of described reserved smooth layer is 20 ~ 60cm.
7. the preventing control method of the plague of rats in fruit tree garden as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fruit tree is walnut, chestnut tree, cashew nut tree, apple tree, litchi, pear tree or apricot.
8. in the fruit tree garden as described in as arbitrary in claim 1 ~ 7, the preventing control method of the plague of rats, is characterized in that, arrange the wide isolation strip of 5 ~ 8m in periphery, fruit tree field, described isolation strip implants height is no more than 80cm; Plant outside isolation strip hangs empty Aluminum Bottle on its branch close to root.
9. the preventing control method of the plague of rats in fruit tree garden as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, by the shrub in fruit tree garden and weeds removing, also wrap up smooth layer in fruit tree garden higher than the trunk of the cover plant of 80cm ~ 100cm and/or one-level limb surface.
10. the preventing control method of the plague of rats in fruit tree garden as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, fruit tree garden is positioned on mountain region or hills, and fruit tree is planted on stair-stepping tableland, is evened out by the arm of angle in the tableland higher than 80cm in fruit tree garden, ensures that tableland is lower than 80cm; Make the last layer tableland arm of angle away from lower one deck fruit tree branch bar, and a vertical pillar people, for raising subaerial branch of bearing fruit, pillar wrap up smooth layer on tableland.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109662087A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-23 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | A kind of Queensland nut garden mouse killing method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014161302A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-08 | Daiichi Kogyo Kk | Protective device for young plant etc |
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- 2015-12-02 CN CN201510872406.3A patent/CN105493976A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014161302A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-08 | Daiichi Kogyo Kk | Protective device for young plant etc |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109662087A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-23 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | A kind of Queensland nut garden mouse killing method |
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Application publication date: 20160420 |