CN1054933A - 大型建筑塑料模壳一次整体注塑成型工艺 - Google Patents

大型建筑塑料模壳一次整体注塑成型工艺 Download PDF

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CN1054933A
CN1054933A CN 90101680 CN90101680A CN1054933A CN 1054933 A CN1054933 A CN 1054933A CN 90101680 CN90101680 CN 90101680 CN 90101680 A CN90101680 A CN 90101680A CN 1054933 A CN1054933 A CN 1054933A
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mould
injection moulding
integral injection
plastic form
formwork
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王福玲
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DONGSHENG PLASTIC PRODUCTS Co Ltd
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DONGSHENG PLASTIC PRODUCTS Co Ltd
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Abstract

属于一种大型建筑现浇施工无梁密肋楼板用塑 料模壳一次整体注塑成型工艺。采用大型结构发泡 注塑机,超大型模具确定9个浇口,静模壁厚 100mm,动模型芯固定板厚120mm,模具材料为45# 钢,树脂材料经增韧改性,1.2m×1.2m×0.3m塑料 模壳一次整体注塑成型。本发明解决了超大型塑件 整体一次注塑成型课题,壳体用型钢加固,使模壳钢 塑结合,重复使用次数达100次,提高工程质量,使工 程造价降低。

Description

本发明涉及一种大型建筑现浇施工无梁密肋楼板用的塑料模壳的一次整体注塑成型工艺。
用模壳(Waffle  Forms)现浇混凝土施工的无梁密肋楼板(Waffle  slabs)是国际流行的楼板体系。其结构高度不高,刚度大,荷载大,抗震能力强;楼板自重小,节省大量混凝土、钢材,建筑物自重下降,可减少基础投入,降低工程造价;现浇混凝土结构肋、藻井光滑平整,节省表面处理费用。且声光效果好。
现浇无梁密肋楼板在国内外广为应用。随着应用范围的扩大和该技术体系的完善,对此法施工的特殊模板-模壳,提出了更高的要求。特别是大型公共建筑中,1.2m以上的设计平面肋距,显示出很好的结构优势和综合经济效益。大型模壳应用范围广。
在国外,由于制造大型塑料模壳的模具过于昂贵及注塑容量过大等原因,很少采用注塑成型的大型塑料模壳,如果采用常规的单喷嘴实体注塑法,成型1.2m×1.2m×0.3m,壁厚6.5mm的塑料模壳,其成型的平均模腔压力需350kg/cm2~450kg/cm2,锁模力需6000T,注塑容量为20000g以上。这样,对模具的强度、结构及材料选用要求甚高。如此,模具的静模壁厚度应为300mm~350mm,型芯固定板厚度为400mm,加工精度和材料选用要求很高,模具重达30T以上,外型尺寸巨大,加工手段困难,造价昂贵。而且,由于流程过长,难于成型。即使成型,废品率也很高,工艺难于实现。对1.0米以上的大型模壳通常采用玻璃钢模壳(Molded  Fiber  Glass  Forms),这种模壳为糊制法生产,生产效率低,成本高,价格高,而高价格障碍该技术的应用和推广。尽管玻璃钢模壳刚度较大,尺寸稳定,但壳体抗冲击能力差,壳面容易与混凝土粘连,重复使用率低。
为了克服玻璃钢模壳的上述缺点,国内已研制出采用组合方法制造大型聚丙烯模壳。如中国专利CHN.85200560·1所介绍的就是用四拼一法制造大型聚丙烯模壳。该方法是将大型模壳一分为四,用0.6米×0.6米或0.75米×0.75米的中型模具和中型注塑机注塑成1/4单元,再用螺栓或焊接拼装成1.2米×1.2米或1.5米×1.5米的大型塑料模壳。
这种组合方法解决了由于注塑机能力限制,大型注塑模具的设计、制造的技术和成本问题。但组合法制造的模壳,几何尺寸精度低,有接缝,施工后的外观效果差,一般需整形处理。此外,聚丙烯低温冲击性能差,适用环境温度范围窄,破损率较高。冲击试验证明,常温下,聚丙烯模壳用2kg钢球,自2m高自由下落进行冲击已破裂。加之,人工组拼模壳,生产效率低,成本高。
本发明的目的是提供一种成本低,表面平整光洁,不与混凝土粘连,刚度大,耐冲击,耐老化,适用环境、温度范围宽的大型塑料模壳一次整体注塑成型工艺,以提高建筑施工的生产效率和降低成本。
本发明采用一次整体注塑成型工艺,使1.2m×1.2m×0.3m、重15.5kg的模壳塑件一次整体注塑成型。其具体工艺是:应用25000g结构发泡注塑机,其予塑过程中压入高压氮气,喷嘴为多点位置的液压开启式。本发明超大型模具确定9点位置注射,树脂材料适应温度宽,并经增韧改性,控制氮气输入压力为900Psi~1200Psi,发泡率为5%~10%,这样,该制品的成型模腔平均压力为28kg/cm2~30kg/cm2,锁模力为320T~360T。本发明模具静模壁厚为100mm,动模型芯固定板厚120mm。为控制超大制品的加工偏移,模具分型面为20mm深锁口,型芯与型芯固定板为液压机压入配合。静模分上静模、下静模两部份,分别加工,冷却水道分段加工,设水堵,使超长、深孔加工问题得以解决。脱模系统采用圆、方推杆并用和局部热处理方式。模具材料为锻造45钢,少量零件选用模具钢。这样,模具重11T,外形尺寸为1.6m×1.4m×0.9m。该整体成型模具造价仅比0.6m×0.6m×0.3m、1/4单元模壳具高19%,加工成品率达90%,成型周期为8min。
本发明的大型建筑塑料模壳一次整体注塑成型工艺优点是:加工能耗降低,成型快,生产效率高,制造成本显著下降。模壳壁厚为6.5mm,其断面中间为均匀气孔,由于这些气孔存在,制品内壁可视为微观空间的力学网状结构,它可以改善内应力,制品变形小,几何尺寸稳定;消除了厚壁制品常出现的缩抗,使模壳表面平整、光洁;提高了塑件的刚度。由于本模壳采用适应环境温度范围宽的树脂材料,经增韧改性处理,壳体内或外用型钢、螺栓紧固,因此,本工艺体现了钢塑结合,使模壳抗冲击能力和自身刚度同时兼顾。根据实验,用2kg钢球从3m高度自由下落,反复冲击20次,元断裂痕迹。这样,可使模壳在多种气候条件下,耐受运输、施工的动荷载,而不易破损;耐受混凝土灌浇时的动、静荷载作用,而模壳变形量很小。模壳自重轻、使用方便,提高了模壳使用寿命,降低了模壳价格,保证了施工质量和施工效率。
图1为采用本发明一次整体注塑成型工艺制造的大型模壳(壳体内用型钢加固)主视图。
1、壳体,2、底边,3、塑料加强筋,4、扁钢加强筋,5、脱模孔,7、型钢,8、螺栓。
图2为其俯视图。
图3为图1所示位置的A-A剖视图。
图4为图1所示位置的B-B剖视图。
图5为壳体外用型钢加固的大型模壳主视图。
图6为其俯视图。
图7为图5所示位置的A-A剖视图。
图8为图5所示位置的B-B剖视图。
模壳的树脂材料采用LLPPE改性。

Claims (2)

1、一种大型建筑塑料模壳一次整体注塑成型工艺,其特征在于,应用25000g大型结构发泡注塑机,超大型模具确定9个浇口,静模分上静模、下静模两部份,分别加工,冷却水道分段加工,设水堵,静模壁厚为100mm,动模型芯固定板厚120mm,模具材料为45钢,树脂材料经增韧改性,成型的平均模腔压力为28kg/cm2~30kg/cm2,锁模力为320T~360T,控制发泡率为5%~10%,1.2m×1.2m×0.3m塑件重15.5kg,塑料模壳一次整体注塑成型,成型周期8min。
2、根据权利要求1所述的大型建筑塑料模壳一次整体注塑成型工艺,其特征在于,壳体内或外用型钢、螺栓紧固。
CN 90101680 1990-03-23 1990-03-23 大型建筑塑料模壳一次整体注塑成型工艺 Pending CN1054933A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7525889B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2009-04-28 Lg Electronics Inc. Recording medium with a linking area including dummy data thereon and apparatus and methods for forming, recording, and reproducing the recording medium
US7542405B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2009-06-02 Lg Electronics Inc. High-density optical disc, method for recording and reproducing encrypted data thereon
US7545730B2 (en) 2001-03-09 2009-06-09 Lg Electronics Inc. Read-only recording medium and reproducing method thereof

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7545730B2 (en) 2001-03-09 2009-06-09 Lg Electronics Inc. Read-only recording medium and reproducing method thereof
US7619961B2 (en) 2001-03-09 2009-11-17 Lg Electronics Inc. Read-only recording medium and reproducing method thereof
US7656778B2 (en) 2001-03-09 2010-02-02 Lg Electronics, Inc. Apparatus and method of reproducing data stored in a read-only recording medium
US7525889B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2009-04-28 Lg Electronics Inc. Recording medium with a linking area including dummy data thereon and apparatus and methods for forming, recording, and reproducing the recording medium
US7542405B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2009-06-02 Lg Electronics Inc. High-density optical disc, method for recording and reproducing encrypted data thereon
US7542393B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2009-06-02 Lg Electronics, Inc. Recording medium with a linking area including a sync pattern thereon and apparatus and method for forming, recording, and reproducing the recording medium
US7558175B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2009-07-07 Lg Electronics Inc. Recording medium with a linking area thereon and apparatus and methods for forming, recording, and reproducing the recording medium
US7577080B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2009-08-18 Lg Electronics Inc. Recording medium with a linking area thereon and apparatus and methods for forming, recording, and reproducing the recording medium
US7599279B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2009-10-06 Lg Electronics Inc. High-density optical disc, method for recording and reproducing encrypted data thereon
US7872960B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2011-01-18 Lg Electronics Inc. Recording medium with a linking area thereon and apparatus and methods for forming, recording, and reproducing the recording medium
US8014248B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2011-09-06 Lg Electronics Inc. Recording medium with a linking area including dummy data thereon and apparatus and methods for forming, recording, and reproducing the recording medium
US8351315B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2013-01-08 Lg Electronics Inc. Recording medium with a linking area including a synch pattern thereon and apparatus and methods for forming, recording, and reproducing the recording medium

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