CN105477622A - 一种治疗功能性消化不良的药物制剂及其用途 - Google Patents

一种治疗功能性消化不良的药物制剂及其用途 Download PDF

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CN105477622A
CN105477622A CN201610046226.4A CN201610046226A CN105477622A CN 105477622 A CN105477622 A CN 105477622A CN 201610046226 A CN201610046226 A CN 201610046226A CN 105477622 A CN105477622 A CN 105477622A
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王传秀
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Qingdao Yuntian Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种治疗功能性消化不良的药物制剂及其用途,按照重量分数比包括:半夏10-20份,厚朴7-15份,党参10-20份,茯苓10-20份,乳香7-15份,没药7-15份,生姜3-6份,陈皮7-15份,紫苏梗7-15份,木香7-15份,香附10-15份,砂仁3-8份,甘草8-15份,柴胡7-15份,代赭石6-12份,赤芍10-20份,香橼10-20份,川芎10-20份,黄连3-6份,吴茱萸3-8份,炒莱菔子10-20份,煅瓦楞子10-20份。本发明的配方依据中医原理,诸药合用,共奏舒肝理气、行气解郁、和胃消痞之功。对治疗功能性消化不良、缓解临床症状取效迅捷,标本兼治,愈后复发率低,且使用方便、无毒副作用、便于推广应用。

Description

一种治疗功能性消化不良的药物制剂及其用途
技术领域
本发明属于中医药领域,尤其是涉及一种治疗功能性消化不良的药物制剂及其用途。
背景技术
根据RomeIII的室义,功熊性性消化不良(FunctionalDyspepsia,FD)是指存在一种或多种起源于胃或十二指肠区域的消化不良症状,包括餐后饱胀不适、早饱感、上腹痛或上腹部烧灼感等症状,并且缺乏能够解释这些症状的任何器质性、系统性和代谢性疾病。
FD是最常见的消化系统疾病之一,有研究显示该病患病率为16%,约占消化科门诊量的40%,尽管现有研究己证实FD不会影响患者寿命,但严重影响患者的生活质量并消耗大量医疗资源大量的研宄显示功能性消化不良是一种与心理社会因素异常有关的疾病,其中最常见的异常包括焦虑、抑郁及躯体形式障碍。在对FD的研究中发现,约38%患者存在焦虑状态,而健康对照人群中存在焦虑状态的仅有4%。
目前西医治疗本病,多采用促胃肠动力药,如多潘立酮、莫沙必利等,方法单一,只能改善胃肠动力问题。许多研究表明,中药治疗FD有潜在的疗效。
FD多由襄赋不足、脾胃虚弱;饮食不节、食滞胃腔;情志不畅、肝气郁结;内伤外感、湿热巾阻;日久失治、寒热错杂或虚火内盛、胃阴不足等所致。诸多原因导致脾胃损伤,脾气虚弱,运化失司,形成食积、湿热、癖血等病理产物,阻于巾焦,胃中气机阻滞,升降失常,导致胃肠运动功能斎乱;土虚木乘,肝气横逆犯胃,胃失和降而出现院腹胀满、疼痛、嗜杂、嗳气等一系列症状。因此,本病病位在胃,主要涉及肝、脾二脏,情志不畅和饮食积滞存在于消化不良发病的整个过程,脾虚气滞是消化不良的中心病理环节。
发明内容
本发明结合中医的对功能性消化不良的辩证,斟酌中药组方,调配了一种调理脾胃、疏肝理气的有效地治疗功能性消化不良的药物制剂。
具体而言,本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种治疗功能性消化不良的药物制剂,按照重量分数比包括:
半夏10-20份,厚朴7-15份,党参10-20份,茯苓10-20份,乳香7-15份,没药7-15份,生姜3-6份,陈皮7-15份,紫苏梗7-15份,木香7-15份,香附10-15份,砂仁3-8份,甘草8-15份,柴胡7-15份,代赭石6-12份,赤芍10-20份,香橼10-20份,川芎10-20份,黄连3-6份,吴茱萸3-8份,炒莱菔子10-20份,煅瓦楞子10-20份。
为了进一步取得较好的技术效果,一种治疗功能性消化不良的药物制剂,以上各成分按照重量比为:
半夏15份,厚朴10份,党参12份,茯苓12份,乳香10份,没药10份,生姜5份,陈皮10份,紫苏梗10份,木香10份,香附12份,砂仁6份,甘草10份,柴胡9份,代赭石9份,赤芍15份,香橼15份,川芎15份,黄连5份,吴茱萸5份,炒莱菔子15份,煅瓦楞子15份。
为了进一步取得较好的技术效果,一种治疗功能性消化不良的药物制剂,以上各成分按照重量比为:
半夏18份,厚朴13份,党参15份,茯苓15份,乳香7份,没药7份,生姜3份,陈皮8份,紫苏梗10份,木香10份,香附10份,砂仁8份,甘草9份,柴胡12份,代赭石6份,赤芍20份,香橼20份,川芎10份,黄连3份,吴茱萸6份,炒莱菔子12份,煅瓦楞子18份。
一种治疗功能性消化不良的药物制剂,所述药物制剂在制备治疗功能性消化不良药物中的应用。
一种治疗功能性消化不良的药物制剂,所述药物制剂制备成颗粒剂,散剂,胶囊剂,丸剂,片剂以及临床上可接受的剂型。
本发明药物制备不同剂型仅所用的成型工艺和辅料不同,药物有效成分是一样的,治疗效果也相同或近似。且制剂首选外用制剂,颗粒剂的辅料可为庶糖粉、羟甲基纤维素钠、糊精及矫味剂等中进行选择;散剂可从淀粉、白陶土、磷酸钙、沉降碳酸钙等中选择;胶囊剂的辅料可从二氧化硅、蔗糖、HPC、微晶纤维素、预胶化淀粉、乳糖、糖粉、羧甲淀粉钠、羧甲纤维素钠、羟丙甲纤维素等中进行选择;丸剂的辅料可从淀粉、微晶纤维素、预胶化淀粉等中进行选择;片剂的辅料可从淀粉、糊精、微晶纤维素、预胶化淀粉、硬脂酸镁、乳糖、糖粉、羧甲淀粉钠等中进行选择。
本发明中所用到的中药的药理作用:
半夏,燥湿化痰;降逆止呕;消痞散结。主治:咳喘痰多;呕吐反胃;胸脘痞满头痛眩晕;夜卧不安;瘿瘤痰核;半夏功能辛散温通、化痰、燥湿,故可用于痰内阻、胸脘痞闷病症,可配陈皮、茯苓等同用;如寒热互结,有可配黄芩、黄连、生姜等同用,可收辛开苦降、散结除痞的功效。
生姜是助阳之品,生姜是治疗盐酸-乙醇性溃疡的有效药物,其有效成分为姜烯,具有保护胃黏膜细胞的作用.在芳香健胃生药中,特别是姜科植物中多含有姜烯等萜类精油成分,是健胃生药的有效成分之一。生姜能使胃蛋白酶作用减弱,脂肪分解酶的作用增强.
陈皮,理气健脾,调中,燥湿,化痰。主治脾胃气滞之脘腹胀满或疼痛、消化不良。
厚朴,功效是行气消积,燥湿除满,降逆平喘,厚朴的作用是治食积气滞,腹胀便秘,湿阻中焦,胸满喘咳,厚朴苦燥辛散,能燥湿,又下气除胀满,为消除胀满的要药。
紫苏梗,解表散寒,行气和胃。用于风寒感冒,咳嗽呕恶,妊娠呕吐,鱼蟹中毒。适用于风寒表证,脾胃气滞而至腹胀及呕吐等。
木香,理气止疼,健胃化滞。主治食积气滞,胸膈痞满,脘腹胀闷,呕吐恶心,暖气纳呆等病症.主要用于治疗消化不良,胃肠炎,慢性肝炎,早期肝硬化等,
香附,辛、微苦、微甘、平,入肝脾三焦经,功用疏肝解郁、调经止痛、理气调中。主治肝郁气滞胁痛、脘腹胀痛、消化不良、胸脘痞闷、月经不调、经闭经痛、乳房胀痛、气滞腹痛、寒疝腹痛。砂仁,能化湿开胃,温脾止泻,理气安胎,主要用于湿浊中阻、脾胃虚寒导致的呕吐泄泻、妊娠恶阻以及胎动不安。甘草,功效:补脾益气、润肺止咳、缓急止痛、缓和药性、清热解毒应用:1.用于脾胃虚弱,中气不足,气短乏力,食少便溏。炒莱菔子,可消食化积、降气化痰,可助其降气消胀,是为本方佐使。
柴胡,为少阳证之要药,主入肝胆经,善疏肝解郁,升举阳气;代赭石质重而沉降,善镇冲逆,平肝潜阳,降逆下气;两者一升一降,疏肝理气,调理气机,共为君药。
乳香乳香具有抑制实验性消化性溃疡的作用。其机制可能与局部保护作用有关。乳香辛温香窜,行气活血兼能舒筋,通经舒络而止痛;没药是散瘀而活血,消肿定痛。一偏于调气,一偏于活血,两药合用,相得益彰,共奏活血祛瘀,消肿止痛,敛疮生肌之效。如《医方集解》曰:“乳香活血,能去风伸筋,没药能散瘀血,生新血,二药并能消肿止痛,故每相须而行。”《医学衷中参西录》亦曰:“乳香,没药,二药并用,为宣通脏腑,流通经络之要药。故凡心胃胁腹肢体关节诸疼痛,皆能治之。”
赤芍、香橼、香附三者共为臣药,其中香橼、香附辛香入肝,芳香醒脾,有疏肝解郁、理气和中之功;赤芍为治肝要药,既有平抑肝阳之效,又有敛阴益营之功,与香橼、香附合用,可补养肝血,调达肝气,以防耗伤肝血之弊。
茯苓既能健脾,又能渗湿,对于脾虚运化失常所致泄泻、带下,应用茯苓有标本兼顾之效,常与党参、白术、山药等配伍,有可用为补肺脾,治气虚之辅佐药。党参,具有补中益气,健脾益肺之功效。现代研究,党参含多种糖类、酚类、甾醇、挥发油、黄芩素葡萄糖甙、皂甙及微量生物碱,具有增强免疫力、扩张血管、降压、改善微循环、增强造血功能等作用。茯苓、党参为健脾益中良药,辅以柴胡和代赭石主药,行调脾之功效。
川芎辛,温,归肝、胆、心包经,川芎乃血中之气药,既可活血又可行气,佐以治疗气滞血瘀;黄连苦、寒,清热燥湿,可清解肝郁所化之热;煅瓦楞子咸、平,归肺、胃、肝经,功可消痰化瘀,软坚散结,制酸止痛;吴茱萸辛温,内可暖脾降气,外可驱散寒邪,则中自温,气自下,诸症悉除;川芎、黄连、煅瓦楞子、吴茱萸共为佐药,佐以治疗因气郁而致诸症。
与现有技术相比,本发明所述的药物制剂诸药合用,共奏舒肝理气、行气解郁、和胃消痞之功。对治疗FD、缓解临床症状取效迅捷,标本兼治,愈后复发率低,且使用方便、无毒副作用、便于进一步推广应用。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例进一步描述本发明,本发明不仅仅限于以下实施例。在本发明的范围内或者在不脱离本发明的内容、精神和范围内,对本发明进行的变更、组合或替换,对于本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的,且包含在本发明的范围之内。
实施例1:一种治疗失眠的药物制剂,各成分按照重量比为:
半夏15份,厚朴10份,党参12份,茯苓12份,乳香10份,没药10份,生姜5份,陈皮10份,紫苏梗10份,木香10份,香附12份,砂仁6份,甘草10份,柴胡9份,代赭石9份,赤芍15份,香橼15份,川芎15份,黄连5份,吴茱萸5份,炒莱菔子15份,煅瓦楞子15份。
将以上药物制剂制备成丸剂,制备方法如下:
(1)按上述重量比称取原料药加水煎煮两次,每次加8倍量水,第一次煎煮1小时,第二次煎煮40分钟,合并滤液,过滤后,干燥成细粉,过100目筛;(2)将空白丸芯(用糖分与淀粉混匀所制成的30-40目的颗粒),置于包衣造粒机中;(3)以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)乙醇液为润湿粘合剂,将100目的颗粒-PVP固体分散体以一定的速度加入,使其均匀地粘附于空白丸芯表面;(4)干燥,筛选20-40目筛小丸,即得。
实施例2:一种治疗失眠的药物制剂,各成分按照重量比为:
半夏18份,厚朴13份,党参15份,茯苓15份,乳香7份,没药7份,生姜3份,陈皮8份,紫苏梗10份,木香10份,香附10份,砂仁8份,甘草9份,柴胡12份,代赭石6份,赤芍20份,香橼20份,川芎10份,黄连3份,吴茱萸6份,炒莱菔子12份,煅瓦楞子18份。
将以上药物制剂制备成胶囊剂,制备方法如下:
(1)按上述重量比称取原料药加水煎煮两次,将水量没过药面3-4cm,第一次煎煮1小时,第二次煎煮40分钟,合并滤液,过滤后,干燥成细粉,过100目筛;(2)将空白丸芯(用糖分与淀粉混匀所制成的30-40目的颗粒),置于包衣造粒机中;(3)将颗粒进行干燥,过100目筛后,装入空胶囊壳,即得胶囊剂。
实施例3:一种治疗失眠的药物制剂,各成分按照重量比为:
半夏10份,厚朴10份,党参10份,茯苓10份,乳香10份,没药10份,生姜6份,陈皮10份,紫苏梗10份,木香10份,香附10份,砂仁6份,甘草8份,柴胡10份,代赭石12份,赤芍10份,香橼10份,川芎10份,黄连3份,吴茱萸6份,炒莱菔子10份,煅瓦楞子10份。
将以上药物制剂制备成片剂,制备方法如下:
(1)取以上量的中药进行煎熬,煎熬后药液进行浓缩,浓缩至一定浓度(比重为1:1左右),冷后加入1.1倍置的乙醇,充分混匀,放置过夜,使其沉淀,次日取其上清液(必要时滤过);(2)沉淀物用少量52%乙醇洗净,洗液与滤液合并,减压回收乙醇后,待浓缩至一定浓度时加一定量水。(3)混匀静置一定时间,使沉淀完全,率过,滤液低温蒸发至稠膏状,干燥浸膏粉末中加入适宜的糊精、预胶化淀粉、硬脂酸镁、辅料,混匀后,加压成逐步整到符合要求的粒度,进行压片,得片剂。
实施例4:一种治疗失眠的药物制剂,各成分按照重量比为:
半夏20份,厚朴15份,党参20份,茯苓20份,乳香15份,没药15份,生姜6份,陈皮15份,紫苏梗15份,木香15份,香附15份,砂仁8份,甘草15份,柴胡15份,代赭石12份,赤芍20份,香橼20份,川芎20份,黄连6份,吴茱萸8份,炒莱菔子20份,煅瓦楞子20份。
将以上药物制剂制备成散剂,制备方法如下:
(1)取上量的中药按照常规方法进行煎熬,煎熬后药液进行浓缩至比重为1:1.2的浓度,冷后加入1.5倍置的乙醇,充分混匀,放置过夜,使其沉淀,次日取其上清液;(2)沉淀物用少量50%乙醇洗净,洗液与滤液合并,减压回收乙醇后,待浓缩至一定浓度时移置放冷处静置一定时间,使沉淀完全,率过,滤液低温蒸发至稠膏状;(3)干燥浸膏粉末中加入适宜的淀粉和磷酸钙辅料,混匀后,过200目筛,即得散剂。
实施例5:动物实验
5.1动物建模
健康成年清洁级雄性SD大鼠共70只,体质量(180±20g),8周龄,先随机抽取10只大鼠作为空白对照组,不予造模。剩余60只予造模,釆用耗气破气加饥饱失常法加劳倦法塑造脾虚证大鼠模型,即每日灌服本发明药物制剂的汤煎剂(每日灌胃量为0.5g/200g/天),隔日半量进食,每日下午将大鼠尾根部缠绕质量为该大鼠体质量10%的保险丝,放入水深50cm、水温20℃的水槽中游泳,以力竭为度(大鼠鼻尖没入水面10s),共14天。造模后分别测定造模前后大鼠体重、24h摄食量及自发活动,并观察腹形、大便性状,以证实造模成功。
5.2分组及给药
随机挑选造模成功的大鼠50只,分为5组,模型空白组(n=10)、西药治疗组(n=10),中药高剂量组,中剂量组和低剂量组分贝10只大鼠,每组的治疗方法为:
空白对照组和模型组灌以lg/200g体重/天的生理盐水;
中药高剂量组,每日给小鼠灌胃,按照1.2g/200g体重/天的剂量每日灌胃一次;;
中药中剂量组,每日给小鼠灌胃,按照0.7g/200g体重/天的剂量每日灌胃一次;
中药低剂量组,每日给小鼠灌胃,按照0.3g/200g体重/天的剂量每日灌胃一次;
西药组,莫沙比利,剂量为0.27mg/200g体重/天;每日灌胃一次。
5.3指标观察
5.3.1、胃排空测定
各组大鼠在末次给药前24h禁食,末次给药后2h各组大鼠随机抽取大鼠4只,予以半固体糊(由轻甲基纤维素5、奶粉8、淀粉4加蒸馏水125ml配成)以0.3ml/100g体重灌胃,50min后予以7%水合氯酸(0.5ml/100g)麻醉,迅速打开腹腔,结扎贲门和幽门,摘离全胃,用滤纸拭干后称量胃全重。之后沿胃大弯剪开胃体,洗去胃内容物并拭干后称量胃净重,按照公式计算胃排空率。每只大鼠实验3次,以3次平均值为准。
胃排空率=[1-(胃全重-胃净重)/灌胃量]X100%。
5.4实验结果
结果表明,与空白对照组大鼠相比,模型组大鼠胃排空率明显减弱,差异有显著性意义(p<0.01),给予药物干预后,与模型组相比,中药及西药组大鼠胃排空率均明显增加,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05或者P<0.01),其中西药组与中药高剂量组相比,差异具有显著性意义(P<0.05)。如下表1所示:
表1.各组大鼠胃排空功能比较(F±x)
组别 有效实验大鼠(只) 胃排空率(%)
空白对照组 10 67.91±8.20
模型组 9 40.24±6.92**
西药组 10 60.01±7.26#
中药低剂量组 8 48.90±7.37#
中药中剂量组 9 60.39±7.91#
中药高剂量组 10 66.89±8.03▲##
注:
与空白对照组比较,*p<0.05,**p<0.01;
与模型组比较,#p<0.05,##p<0.01;
与西药组相比,P<0.05。
实施例6:临床实验
6.1一般资料
以消化不良症状为主诉于2013年7月至2015年6月就诊于我院消化内科门诊,主要症状为消化不良,经门诊排除其他疾病诊断为FD的患者纳入本研究。同时通过院内张贴广告招募健康志愿者,均接受胃镜和生化检查以排除可能存在的器质性消化道疾病。
诊断标准:存在以下1项或多项症状至少6个月:①餐后饱胀不适;②早饱;③上腹痛;④上腹烧灼感。没有可以解释上述症状的功能性疾病;诊断前症状出现至少6个月,近3个月X线、胃镜检查排除食道、胃和十二指肠器质性病变;B型超声、肝功能检查排除肝、胆胰的器质性病变。
纳入标准的患者120例,随机分为中药组和西药组,每组各60例。中药组男32例,女28例;年龄23~65岁;病程0.5~20年。西药组男37例,女23例,年龄23~67岁;病程0.5~20.0年。两组性别、年龄、病程等资料无显著性差异﹙P>0.05﹚,具有可比性。
6.2、治疗方案
该临床试验中的患者分为中药组和西药组,以14天为一个疗程。
中药组,为本发明组方的药物制剂;
西药组,吗丁啉片每次10mg,每日3次,三餐前15-30min口服、阿米替林片每次25mg,每日2次。
6.3、疗效标准
判断疗效标准分为四类:
临床痊愈:经过4个疗程的治疗后,症状完全消失;
显效:经过4个疗程的治疗后,症状好转明显,但仍有部分不适;
有效:经过4个疗程的治疗后,症状有减轻。
无效:经过4个疗程的治疗后,无明显改善或反加重者。
6.4、治疗结果
结果见表2,经统计学分析,两组进行比较,中药组的显效率与西药组相当(表2),具有显著性差异(P<0.05),但中药组的治愈病例数高于西药组,说明本发明的治疗效果还是优于西药的治疗的。
表2两组药物的治疗结果
组别 治愈 显效 有效 无效 显效率
西药组(120例) 28 54 37 5 95.8%
中药组(120例) 46 39 31 4 96.7%
6.5典型病例
病例1:宋某,女,34岁,于2014年3月来我院就诊,主诉:饭后容易肚胀,胃空时有疼痛感,晨起后胀气严重。征求患者本人同意后,接受胃镜和生化检查以排除可能存在的器质性消化道疾病,予以本发明的药物制剂,用药2个疗程后症状减轻,继续用药2个疗程,达到治愈的效果,治愈后做常规体检一切正常。
病例2:王某,男,47岁,于2014年7月来我院就诊,主诉:腹胀不适,早饱,嗳气,屁多征求患者本人同意后,予以入组,胃镜检查未发现糜烂,息肉或恶性病变,予以本发明的药物制剂,且嘱咐注意饮食和正常休息,用药治疗2个疗程后症状明显减轻,继续用药2个疗程,达到治愈的效果,半年后随访,未复发。

Claims (5)

1.一种治疗功能性消化不良的药物制剂,其特征在于:包括以下重量份的中药材:半夏10-20份,厚朴7-15份,党参10-20份,茯苓10-20份,乳香7-15份,没药7-15份,生姜3-6份,陈皮7-15份,紫苏梗7-15份,木香7-15份,香附10-15份,砂仁3-8份,甘草8-15份,柴胡7-15份,代赭石6-12份,赤芍10-20份,香橼10-20份,川芎10-20份,黄连3-6份,吴茱萸3-8份,炒莱菔子10-20份,煅瓦楞子10-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物制剂,其特征在于:所述的中药材按照重量比为:半夏15份,厚朴10份,党参12份,茯苓12份,乳香10份,没药10份,生姜5份,陈皮10份,紫苏梗10份,木香10份,香附12份,砂仁6份,甘草10份,柴胡9份,代赭石9份,赤芍15份,香橼15份,川芎15份,黄连5份,吴茱萸5份,炒莱菔子15份,煅瓦楞子15份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的药物制剂,其特征在于:所述的中药材按照重量比为:半夏18份,厚朴13份,党参15份,茯苓15份,乳香7份,没药7份,生姜3份,陈皮8份,紫苏梗10份,木香10份,香附10份,砂仁8份,甘草9份,柴胡12份,代赭石6份,赤芍20份,香橼20份,川芎10份,黄连3份,吴茱萸6份,炒莱菔子12份,煅瓦楞子18份。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的药物制剂,其特征在于:所述药物制剂在治疗功能性消化不良药物中的应用。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的药物制剂,其特征在于:所述药物制剂制备成颗粒剂,散剂,胶囊剂,丸剂,片剂以及临床上可接受的剂型。
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