CN105466576A - Atmospheric turbulence height and angle anisoplanatism wavefront error synchronization measurement device and synchronization measurement method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an atmospheric turbulence height and angle anisoplanatism wavefront error synchronization measurement device and a synchronization measurement method. Two paths of independent high-order wide-field Hartmann wavefront sensors in a high-order wide-field dual-Hartmann wavefront sensor module are used, synchronous triggering is carried out through a signal generator, synchronous acquiring is carried out on imaging sub spot array images of a double-star system and an artificial beacon, and a fast steering mirror is used for carrying out real-time correction on wavefront error tilt terms which can not be detected by the artificial beacon; and finally, through a wavefront reconstruction algorithm, reconstruction wavefront between two natural beacons in the double-star system and the artificial beacon is obtained respectively, and through the reconstruction wavefront difference among the three, the height and angle anisoplanatism wavefront error result at the same moment and correction between the height and angle anisoplanatism wavefront errors are obtained through calculation. The method can be applied to measurement in different atmospheric turbulence conditions, the measurement principle is simple, and an important reference value is provided for the design and the demonstration of the artificial beacon adaptive optics system in an astronomical telescope.

Description

A kind of to atmospheric turbulence height and dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus and the method such as angle is non-

Technical field

The invention belongs to optical information field of measuring technique, relate to a kind of swooning to the non-grade of atmospheric turbulence height and the device and method of the dizzy wavefront error synchro measure such as angle is non-, its non-grade of atmospheric turbulence height be specially based on two Large visual angle Hartmann sensor is swooned and the device and method of the dizzy wavefront error synchro measure of the non-grade of angle.

Background technology

Atmospheric turbulence due to factor initiations such as solar radiations causes the random fluctuation of air index, affects the Performance of Optical System of ground astronomical telescope.Adaptive optics can carry out corresponding correction to target light wavefront.But the astronomical ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS for real time correction atmospheric turbulence needs the beacon of or many q.s for carrying out real-time Wavefront detecting usually.Beacon can utilize nature star, i.e. target itself or the amount star near it, claims nature beacon; Also can utilize that laser is artificial excites generation, claim artificial beacon.The method producing artificial beacon has two kinds: a kind of is the gas molecule utilized in atmospheric envelope, utilizes laser excitation to make it produce Rayleigh scattering, and claim Rayleigh beacon, by the restriction of distribution of gas in air, it highly generally can not more than 30km; Another kind is the sodium atom utilizing air middle layer, utilizes sodium gold-tinted to excite and makes it produce resonance scattering, claims sodium beacon, and it is highly that the height of sodium layer is generally between 90-120km.

But, in the use procedure of beacon reality, due to the difference of height and angular separation between beacon and target being observed, thus the path of beacon beam arrival telescope surface and the surperficial process in an atmosphere of target light arrival telescope is also not quite similar, difference between the Wavefront Perturbation utilizing beacon beam to detect caused thus and the Wavefront Perturbation of actual target being observed, is called dizzy wavefront error such as non-grade.Dizzy wavefront error such as non-grade divides two kinds, and one is because between beacon and target being observed, differing heights caused, and claims highly non-grade dizzy (or focus on non-etc. dizzy) wavefront error; Because the angular separation between beacon and target being observed causes time another kind of, claim the non-grade of angle dizzy wavefront error.Usually, when utilizing artificial beacon to detect, due to its limited height and in using with the angular separation of target being observed, its anisoplanatism error is jointly made up of height anisoplanatism error and angle anisoplanatism error.Understand and grasp height anisoplanatism error and angle anisoplanatism error in utilizing artificial beacon to detect respectively, for the performance evaluation of astronomical ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS and optimal design very important.

At present, mainly contain two kinds of methods to the theoretical analysis of beacon detection anisoplanatism error, one utilizes Mellin transform, carries out analytical analysis in conjunction with horizontal spectral filtering method, and another kind utilizes to build Atmosphere phase screen and carry out numerical solution.But theoretical analysis resume is on certain Atmospheric Condition basis, and the Atmospheric models utilized, computing method, boundary condition etc. all can affect the accuracy between itself and actual result.On experiment measuring to beacon Wavefront detecting anisoplanatism error, only having at present having gathered the composite measurement of height anisoplanatism error and angle anisoplanatism error, having no temporarily and height anisoplanatism error and angle anisoplanatism error distinguished and carries out the report of synchro measure.

Summary of the invention

The problem to be solved in the present invention is, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, in conjunction with artificial beacon technology, provide a kind of device and method to atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchro measure such as angle is non-, the method be suitable for to height anisoplanatism error, angle anisoplanatism error and the synchro measure of comprehensive anisoplanatism error combining height anisoplanatism error and angle anisoplanatism error, and provide height anisoplanatism error and angle anisoplanatism error to the impact of comprehensive anisoplanatism error and correlativity between the two., in conjunction with Wavefront detecting medium dip signal, tilting mirror is controlled meanwhile, reduce the impact of the low order Wavefront aberration utilizing artificial beacon not detect, further reduce the measuring error in experiment.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of to atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus such as angle is non-, comprises telescope (1), contracting bundle module (2), high-speed tilting mirror (3), spectroscope (4), low order Hartmann sensor module (5); It is characterized in that: also comprise the two Hartmann sensor module (6) of high-order Large visual angle, the two Hartmann sensor module (6) of described high-order Large visual angle is by two-way independently the first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (7) and the and high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (8), and the second spectroscope (27) and catoptron (28) form; Wherein, the first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (7) is made up of the first optical filter (15), the first matched lenses group (16), the first space diaphragm (17), the first high-order microlens array group (18), the first CCD camera (19), the first data acquisition computer (20); Second high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (8) is made up of the second optical filter (21), the second matched lenses group (22), second space diaphragm (23), the second high-order microlens array group (24), the second CCD camera (25), the first data acquisition computer (26); The binary-star system light echo be made up of natural beacon A and natural beacon B reflection is entered the first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (7) by the second spectroscope (27), through the first optical filter (15) filtering artificial beacon signal, and contract bundle to suitable bore by the first matched lenses group (16), affected by first other spatial light of space diaphragm (17) filtering, after the first high-order microlens array group (18), obtain hot spot subarray image received by the first CCD camera (19) and gathered by the first data acquisition computer (20); Second spectroscope (27) reflects by the transmission of artificial beacon light echo and through catoptron (28) and enters the second high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (8), through the second optical filter (21) filtering binary-star system signal, and contract bundle to suitable bore by the second matched lenses group (22), affected by other spatial light of second space diaphragm (23) filtering, after the second high-order microlens array group (24), obtain hot spot subarray image received by the second CCD camera (25) and gathered by the second data acquisition computer (26); Two-way CCD camera (19,25) is synchronously triggered by signal generator (9), and respectively by respective data acquisition computer (20,26) recording image data.

Described one is to atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus such as angle is non-, it is characterized in that: described low order Hartmann sensor module (5) is by matched lenses group (11), low order microlens array group (12), CCD camera (13), wavefront process computer (14) forms, binary-star system light echo through the first spectroscope (4) transmission contracts bundle to suitable bore by low order matched lenses group (11), the imaging facula subarray image obtained after low order microlens array group (12) imaging is gathered by low order CCD camera (13), after wave front restoration calculates, tilt component is extracted in order to control high-speed tilting mirror (3) by wavefront process computer (14).

A kind of to atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error method for synchronously measuring such as angle is non-, be characterized in: mask body step need be pressed and realize the dizzy wavefront error synchro measures such as and angle dizzy to the non-grade of atmospheric turbulence height be non-:

A () chooses the binary-star system of angular separation within 10 rads, this binary-star system is made up of natural beacon A and natural beacon B, regulate telescope (1) optical axis to the center of binary-star system, regulate artificial beacon laser transmitter-telescope (10) optical axis to make artificial beacon point to natural beacon A position in binary-star system;

B () telescope (1) receives the light echo of binary-star system and the artificial beacon be made up of natural beacon A and natural beacon B, reflex on the first spectroscope (4) by high-speed tilting mirror (3) after contracting bundle module (2), the light echo transmission of part energy enters low order Hartmann sensor module (5), and the light echo reflection of another part energy enters the two Hartmann sensor module (6) of high-order Large visual angle;

C light echo that () transmission enters low order Hartmann sensor module (5) contracts bundle to suitable bore by low order matched lenses group (11), the imaging facula subarray image obtained after low order microlens array group (12) imaging is gathered by low order CCD camera (13), gathered by wavefront process computer (14), the sub-spot array image of nature beacon A will be extracted in sub-for the imaging of gathered binary-star system spot array image, and the tilt component of the Wavefront Perturbation calculated by wavefront control algorithm, high-speed tilting mirror (3) is controlled by this tilt component, to improve system stability and to reduce rear end measuring error,

The binary-star system light echo be made up of natural beacon A and natural beacon B reflection is entered the first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (7) by d light echo that () enters the two Hartmann's module (6) of high-order Large visual angle after the second spectroscope (27) reflection, through the first optical filter (15) filtering artificial beacon signal, and contract bundle to suitable bore by the first matched lenses group (16), affected by first other spatial light of space diaphragm (17) filtering, after the first high-order microlens array group (18), obtain hot spot subarray image received by the first CCD camera (19) and gathered by the first data acquisition computer (20), reflect by the transmission of artificial beacon light echo and through catoptron (28) after the second spectroscope (27) transmission and enter the second high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (8), through the second optical filter (21) filtering binary-star system signal, and contract bundle to suitable bore by the second matched lenses group (22), affected by other spatial light of second space diaphragm (23) filtering, after the second high-order microlens array group (24), obtain hot spot subarray image received by the second CCD camera (25) and gathered by the second data acquisition computer (26), two-way CCD camera (19,25) is synchronously triggered by signal generator (9), and respectively by respective data acquisition computer (20,26) recording image data.

The sub-spot array image of e binary-star system that () collects obtains the sub-spot array image of nature beacon A and natural beacon B respectively after extracting; Respectively recovery calculating is carried out to the sub-spot array image of natural beacon A, natural beacon B and artificial beacon three by wavefront control algorithm, obtain recovery wavefront result and each rank Zernike coefficient of this three, the dizzy wavefront error such as it is highly non-that what the wavefront result of more natural beacon A and artificial beacon obtained is; The dizzy wavefront error such as angle that what the ripple of more natural beacon A and natural beacon B surveyed that result obtains is is non-; What the Wavefront detecting result of more natural beacon B and artificial beacon obtained is combines anisoplanatism error before the complex wave of height and angle; Thus the measurement completed atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchro measure such as angle is non-and height and angle is non-etc. between dizzy wavefront error correlativity.

The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:

(1) the present invention swoons to the non-grade of atmospheric turbulence height and the device and method of the dizzy wavefront error synchro measure such as angle is non-, make use of the characteristic only having the dizzy wavefront error of the non-grade of angle between binary-star system; Meanwhile, make use of for pointing to the characteristic only having again the dizzy wavefront error such as highly non-between identical artificial beacon and natural beacon; By the wavefront result of two natural beacons and artificial beacon in contrast binary-star system, thus reach simultaneously to highly and the object of the dizzy wavefront error synchro measure such as angle is non-.

(2) measuring principle of the present invention is clear, and measurement mechanism is simple and easy, and measures little.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation to atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus such as angle is non-of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation to low order Hartmann sensor module in atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus such as angle is non-of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation to the two Hartmann sensor module of high-order Large visual angle in atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus such as angle is non-of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation to a Wavefront sensor in the two Hartmann sensor module of high-order Large visual angle in atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus such as angle is non-of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation to another high-order Hartmann in the two Hartmann sensor module of high-order Large visual angle in atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus such as angle is non-of the present invention;

In figure: 1. telescope 2. contracts and restraints two Hartmann sensor module 7. first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor 8. second high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor 9. signal generator 10. artificial beacon laser transmitting telescope 11. low order matched lenses group 12. low order microlens array group 13. low order CCD camera 14. wavefront process computer 15. first optical filter 16. first matched lenses group 17. first space diaphragm 18. first high-order microlens array group 19. first CCD camera 20. first data acquisition computer 21. second optical filter 22. second matched lenses group 23. second space diaphragm 24. second high-order microlens array group 25. second CCD camera 26. second data acquisition computer 27. second spectroscope 28. catoptron of module 3. high-speed tilting mirror 4. first spectroscope 5. low order Hartmann sensor module 6. high-order Large visual angle

Embodiment

The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1:

Fig. 1 is of the present invention swooning to the non-grade of atmospheric turbulence height and the structural representation of the dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus such as angle is non-, comprise telescope 1, contracting bundle module 2, high-speed tilting mirror 3, first spectroscope 4, low order Hartmann sensor module 5, the two Hartmann sensor module 6 of high-order Large visual angle, separately have the support equipment such as signal generator 9 and artificial beacon laser transmitting telescope 10.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation to low order Hartmann sensor module 5 in atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus such as angle is non-disclosed in the present invention, is made up of low order matched lenses group 11, low order microlens array group 12, low order CCD camera 13, wavefront process computer 14.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation to the two Hartmann sensor module 6 of high-order Large visual angle in atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus such as angle is non-disclosed in the present invention, and by two-way, independently the first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor 7, first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor 8, spectroscope 27 catoptron 28 form; Wherein, Fig. 4 is the structural representation of wherein the first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor 7, is made up of the first optical filter 15, first matched lenses group 16, first space diaphragm 17, first high-order microlens array group 18, first CCD camera 19, first data acquisition computer 20; Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the second high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor 8, is made up of the second optical filter 21, second matched lenses group 22, second space diaphragm 23, second high-order microlens array group 24, second CCD camera 25, second data acquisition computer 26.

The method of the present invention to atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchro measure such as angle is non-is as follows:

A () chooses a binary-star system, this binary-star system is made up of natural beacon A and natural beacon B, regulate telescope (1) optical axis to the center of binary-star system, regulate artificial beacon laser transmitter-telescope (10) optical axis to make artificial beacon point to natural beacon A position in binary-star system;

B () telescope (1) receives the light echo of binary-star system and the artificial beacon be made up of natural beacon A and natural beacon B, reflex on the first spectroscope (4) by high-speed tilting mirror (3) after contracting bundle module (2), the light echo transmission of part energy enters low order Hartmann sensor module (5), and the light echo reflection of another part energy enters the two Hartmann sensor module (6) of high-order Large visual angle;

C light echo that () transmission enters low order Hartmann sensor module (5) contracts bundle to suitable bore by low order matched lenses group (11), the imaging facula subarray image obtained after low order microlens array group (12) imaging is gathered by low order CCD camera (13), gathered by wavefront process computer (14), the sub-spot array image of nature beacon A will be extracted in sub-for the imaging of gathered binary-star system spot array image, calculate spot center drift in x and y direction in each sub-aperture, the wavefront average gradient in the two directions within the scope of each sub-aperture can be obtained:

$X_C=\frac{{\mathrm{\ΣX}}_i{I}_i}{{\mathrm{\ΣI}}_i}=\frac{\mathrm{\λ}f}{2\mathrm{\π}S}\underset{S}{\∫\∫}\frac{\∂\mathrm{\Φ}(x,y)}{\∂x}dxdy=\frac{\mathrm{\λ}f}{2\mathrm{\π}S}{G}_X$

$Y_C=\frac{{\mathrm{\ΣY}}_i{I}_i}{{\mathrm{\ΣI}}_i}=\frac{\mathrm{\λ}f}{2\mathrm{\π}S}\underset{S}{\∫\∫}\frac{\∂\mathrm{\Φ}(x,y)}{\∂y}dxdy=\frac{\mathrm{\λ}f}{2\mathrm{\π}S}{G}_Y$

Wherein, λ is imaging band centre wavelength, and f is lenticule focal length, I _ithe signal that pixel i receives, X _i, Y _ibe the coordinate of i-th pixel, Φ (x, y) is wavefront to be calculated, (X _c, Y _c) be the coordinate of facula mass center, (G _x, G _y) be wavefront average gradient, S is sub-aperture area;

After obtaining sub-aperture slope data, obtained the coefficient of each rank Zernike aberration by modal reconstruction algorithm, thus direct superposition obtains measuring corrugated data in circle territory.If input signal a _jbe be added in jth rank Zernike aberration coefficients, the average wave front slope amount produced in Hartmann sensor sub-aperture is thus:

$G_x\left(i\right)=\underset{j=1}{\overset{t}{\Σ}}{a}_j\frac{\∫{\∫}_S\frac{\∂Z_j(x,y)}{\∂x}dxdy}{S}$

$G_y\left(i\right)=\underset{j=1}{\overset{t}{\Σ}}{a}_j\frac{\∫{\∫}_S\frac{\∂Z_j(x,y)}{\∂y}dxdy}{S}$

j＝1，2，3，4，5……

Wherein Z _j(x, y) is Zernike jth rank function, and t is Zernike exponent number, and s is the normalized area in circle territory.Sub-aperture slope amount and Zernike coefficient linear, all meet superposition principle, so above formula can be written as the form of matrix:

G＝Z _xyA

Z _xyfor Zernike aberration is to the corresponding matrix of slope of Hartmann sensor, can calculate; G is Wavefront aberration slope measurement, therefore can obtain Zernike coefficient:

A＝Z ⁺ _xyG

Wherein, for Z _xygeneralized inverse; So just obtain the coefficient A of every rank Zernike aberration.Wherein A ₂, A ₃for the inclination item of Wavefront aberration, with these two output control high-speed tilting mirrors (3), to improve system stability and to reduce rear end measuring error;

The binary-star system light echo be made up of natural beacon A and natural beacon B reflection is entered the first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (7) by d light echo that () enters the two Hartmann's module (6) of high-order Large visual angle after the second spectroscope (27) reflection, through the first optical filter (15) filtering artificial beacon signal, and contract bundle to suitable bore by the first matched lenses group (16), affected by first other spatial light of space diaphragm (17) filtering, after the first high-order microlens array group (18), obtain hot spot subarray image received by the first CCD camera (19) and gathered by the first data acquisition computer (20), reflect by the transmission of artificial beacon light echo and through catoptron (28) after the second spectroscope (27) transmission and enter the second high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (8), through the second optical filter (21) filtering binary-star system signal, and contract bundle to suitable bore by the second matched lenses group (22), affected by other spatial light of second space diaphragm (23) filtering, after the second high-order microlens array group (24), obtain hot spot subarray image received by the second CCD camera (25) and gathered by the second data acquisition computer (26), two-way CCD camera (19,25) is synchronously triggered by signal generator (9), and respectively by respective data acquisition computer (20,26) recording image data.

The sub-spot array image of e binary-star system that () collects obtains the sub-spot array image of nature beacon A and natural beacon B respectively after extracting; Carry out wave front restoration calculating respectively to the sub-spot array image of the natural beacon A extracted, natural beacon B and artificial beacon, computing method are as follows:

Antithetical phrase spot array image calculates spot center drift in x and y direction in each sub-aperture, can obtain the wavefront average gradient in the two directions within the scope of each sub-aperture:

$X_C=\frac{{\mathrm{\ΣX}}_i{I}_i}{{\mathrm{\ΣI}}_i}=\frac{\mathrm{\λ}f}{2\mathrm{\π}S}\underset{S}{\∫\∫}\frac{\∂\mathrm{\Φ}(x,y)}{\∂x}dxdy=\frac{\mathrm{\λ}f}{2\mathrm{\π}S}{G}_X$

$Y_C=\frac{{\mathrm{\ΣY}}_i{I}_i}{{\mathrm{\ΣI}}_i}=\frac{\mathrm{\λ}f}{2\mathrm{\π}S}\underset{S}{\∫\∫}\frac{\∂\mathrm{\Φ}(x,y)}{\∂y}dxdy=\frac{\mathrm{\λ}f}{2\mathrm{\π}S}{G}_Y$

Wherein, λ is imaging band centre wavelength, and f is lenticule focal length, I _ithe signal that pixel i receives, X _i, Y _ibe the coordinate of i-th pixel, Φ (x, y) is wavefront to be calculated, (X _c, Y _c) be the coordinate of facula mass center, (G _x, G _y) be wavefront average gradient, S is sub-aperture area;

After obtaining sub-aperture slope data, obtained the coefficient of each rank Zernike aberration by modal reconstruction algorithm, thus direct superposition obtains measuring corrugated data in circle territory.If input signal a _jbe be added in jth rank Zernike aberration coefficients, the average wave front slope amount produced in Hartmann sensor sub-aperture is thus:

$G_x\left(i\right)=\underset{j=1}{\overset{t}{\Σ}}{a}_j\frac{\∫{\∫}_S\frac{\∂Z_j(x,y)}{\∂x}dxdy}{S}$

$G_y\left(i\right)=\underset{j=1}{\overset{t}{\Σ}}{a}_j\frac{\∫{\∫}_S\frac{\∂Z_j(x,y)}{\∂y}dxdy}{S}$

j＝1，2，3，4，5……

Wherein Z _j(x, y) is Zernike jth rank function, and t is Zernike exponent number, and S is the normalized area in circle territory; Sub-aperture slope amount and Zernike coefficient linear, all meet superposition principle, so above formula can be written as the form of matrix:

G＝Z _xyA

Z _xyfor Zernike aberration is to the corresponding matrix of slope of Hartmann sensor, can calculate; G is Wavefront aberration slope measurement, therefore can obtain Zernike coefficient:

A＝Z ⁺ _xyG

Wherein, for Z _xygeneralized inverse.So just obtain the coefficient A of every rank Zernike aberration.Wavefront Φ (x, y) to be measured is obtained by following expression:

$\mathrm{\Φ}(x,y)=\underset{j=1}{\overset{t}{\Σ}}{A}_j{Z}_j(x,y)$

A in formula _jfor the coefficient of jth item Zernike aberration, Z _j(x, y) is jth item Zernike polynomial expression.

Finally obtain wave front restoration result and each rank Zernike coefficient of nature beacon A, natural beacon B and artificial beacon three; The dizzy wavefront error such as it is highly non-that what the wavefront result of more natural beacon A and artificial beacon obtained is; The dizzy wavefront error such as angle that what the ripple of more natural beacon A and natural beacon B surveyed that result obtains is is non-; What the Wavefront detecting result of more natural beacon B and artificial beacon obtained is combines anisoplanatism error before the complex wave of height and angle; Thus the measurement completed atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchro measure such as angle is non-and height and angle is non-etc. between dizzy wavefront error correlativity.

Claims (3)

1., to atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus such as angle is non-, comprise telescope (1), contracting bundle module (2), high-speed tilting mirror (3), spectroscope (4), low order Hartmann sensor module (5); It is characterized in that: also comprise the two Hartmann sensor module (6) of high-order Large visual angle, the two Hartmann sensor module (6) of described high-order Large visual angle is by two-way independently the first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (7) and the and high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (8), and the second spectroscope (27) and catoptron (28) form; Wherein, the first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (7) is made up of the first optical filter (15), the first matched lenses group (16), the first space diaphragm (17), the first high-order microlens array group (18), the first CCD camera (19), the first data acquisition computer (20); Second high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (8) is made up of the second optical filter (21), the second matched lenses group (22), second space diaphragm (23), the second high-order microlens array group (24), the second CCD camera (25), the first data acquisition computer (26); The binary-star system light echo be made up of natural beacon A and natural beacon B reflection is entered the first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (7) by the second spectroscope (27), through the first optical filter (15) filtering artificial beacon signal, and contract bundle to suitable bore by the first matched lenses group (16), affected by first other spatial light of space diaphragm (17) filtering, after the first high-order microlens array group (18), obtain hot spot subarray image received by the first CCD camera (19) and gathered by the first data acquisition computer (20); Second spectroscope (27) reflects by the transmission of artificial beacon light echo and through catoptron (28) and enters the second high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (8), through the second optical filter (21) filtering binary-star system signal, and contract bundle to suitable bore by the second matched lenses group (22), affected by other spatial light of second space diaphragm (23) filtering, after the second high-order microlens array group (24), obtain hot spot subarray image received by the second CCD camera (25) and gathered by the second data acquisition computer (26); Two-way CCD camera (19,25) is synchronously triggered by signal generator (9), and respectively by respective data acquisition computer (20,26) recording image data.

2. one according to claim 1 is to atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchronous measuring apparatus such as angle is non-, it is characterized in that: described low order Hartmann sensor module (5) is by matched lenses group (11), low order microlens array group (12), CCD camera (13), wavefront process computer (14) forms, binary-star system light echo through the first spectroscope (4) transmission contracts bundle to suitable bore by low order matched lenses group (11), the imaging facula subarray image obtained after low order microlens array group (12) imaging is gathered by low order CCD camera (13), after wave front restoration calculates, tilt component is extracted in order to control high-speed tilting mirror (3) by wavefront process computer (14).

3., to atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error method for synchronously measuring such as angle is non-, it is characterized in that performing step is as follows:

A () chooses the binary-star system of angular separation within 10 rads, binary-star system is made up of natural beacon A and natural beacon B, regulate telescope (1) optical axis to the center of binary-star system, regulate artificial beacon laser transmitter-telescope (10) optical axis to make artificial beacon point to natural beacon A position in binary-star system;

B () telescope (1) receives the light echo of binary-star system and the artificial beacon be made up of natural beacon A and natural beacon B, reflex on the first spectroscope (4) by high-speed tilting mirror (3) after contracting bundle module (2), the light echo transmission of part energy enters low order Hartmann sensor module (5), and the light echo reflection of another part energy enters the two Hartmann sensor module (6) of high-order Large visual angle;

C light echo that () transmission enters low order Hartmann sensor module (5) contracts bundle to suitable bore by low order matched lenses group (11), the imaging facula subarray image obtained after low order microlens array group (12) imaging is gathered by low order CCD camera (13), gathered by wavefront process computer (14), the sub-spot array image of nature beacon A will be extracted in sub-for the imaging of gathered binary-star system spot array image, and the tilt component of the Wavefront Perturbation calculated by wavefront control algorithm, high-speed tilting mirror (3) is controlled by this tilt component, to improve system stability and to reduce rear end measuring error,

The binary-star system light echo be made up of natural beacon A and natural beacon B reflection is entered the first high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (7) by d light echo that () enters the two Hartmann's module (6) of high-order Large visual angle after the second spectroscope (27) reflection, through the first optical filter (15) filtering artificial beacon signal, and contract bundle to suitable bore by the first matched lenses group (16), affected by first other spatial light of space diaphragm (17) filtering, after the first high-order microlens array group (18), obtain hot spot subarray image received by the first CCD camera (19) and gathered by the first data acquisition computer (20), reflect by the transmission of artificial beacon light echo and through catoptron (28) after the second spectroscope (27) transmission and enter the second high-order Large visual angle Hartmann sensor (8), through the second optical filter (21) filtering binary-star system signal, and contract bundle to suitable bore by the second matched lenses group (22), affected by other spatial light of second space diaphragm (23) filtering, after the second high-order microlens array group (24), obtain hot spot subarray image received by the second CCD camera (25) and gathered by the second data acquisition computer (26), two-way CCD camera (19,25) is synchronously triggered by signal generator (9), and respectively by respective data acquisition computer (20,26) recording image data,

The sub-spot array image of e binary-star system that () collects obtains the sub-spot array image of nature beacon A and natural beacon B respectively after extracting; Respectively recovery calculating is carried out to the sub-spot array image of natural beacon A, natural beacon B and artificial beacon three by wavefront control algorithm, obtain recovery wavefront result and each rank Zernike coefficient of this three, the dizzy wavefront error such as it is highly non-that what the wavefront result of more natural beacon A and artificial beacon obtained is; The dizzy wavefront error such as angle that what the ripple of more natural beacon A and natural beacon B surveyed that result obtains is is non-; What the Wavefront detecting result of more natural beacon B and artificial beacon obtained is combines anisoplanatism error before the complex wave of height and angle; Thus the measurement completed atmospheric turbulence height and the dizzy wavefront error synchro measure such as angle is non-and height and angle is non-etc. between dizzy wavefront error correlativity.