CN106323599A - Method for detecting imaging quality of large-field telescope optical system - Google Patents

Method for detecting imaging quality of large-field telescope optical system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106323599A
CN106323599A CN201610707394.3A CN201610707394A CN106323599A CN 106323599 A CN106323599 A CN 106323599A CN 201610707394 A CN201610707394 A CN 201610707394A CN 106323599 A CN106323599 A CN 106323599A
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large area
imaging quality
optical system
field
wave front
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CN106323599B (en
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张俊波
张昂
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Institute of Optics and Electronics of CAS
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Institute of Optics and Electronics of CAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M11/00Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
    • G01M11/02Testing optical properties
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M11/00Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for

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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for detecting the imaging quality of an optical system of a large-field telescope, which comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: calibrating a reference view field; the second step is that: measuring the change of a view field, and adjusting the emergent angle of the parallel light source (1); the third step: the wavefront detector (4) is positioned, and the position and the posture of the six-dimensional moving table (5) are adjusted according to a positioning closed-loop structure until the wavefront detector (4) and the large-field telescope (6) to be detected are in a confocal position; the fourth step: detecting the imaging quality, namely obtaining the imaging quality of the detected large-field telescope (6) by utilizing a wavefront recovery algorithm according to the measurement data of the wavefront detector (4); and repeating the second step to the fourth step until the detection of the full field range is completed. The invention solves the problem of detecting the imaging quality of the large-field telescope optical system, overcomes the defect that the imaging quality of the full field is approximately expressed by the imaging quality of the central field at present, realizes the automatic detection of the full field and improves the detection accuracy.

Description

A kind of detection method of Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality
Technical field
The invention belongs to photo-electric telescope detection technique field, particularly to a kind of Large Area Telescope optical system imaging The detection method of quality.
Background technology
Optical telescope is the important scientific equipment of human cognitive space, and scientists is for different observation and research mesh Mark, is proposed higher wanting to important indicators such as the bore of optical telescope, focal length, service band, visual field, image quality Ask.Big visual field optical telescope is within certain astronomical observation time, it is possible to obtain more celestial information, improves use effect Rate, is constantly subjected to the favor of scientist and astronomical observation person.
At present, optical telescope generally uses Cassegrain or Gregory system, and its resolving power is higher, image quality Reaching diffraction limit rank, but visual field is limited, the image quality difference in the range of its full filed is little, therefore can only detect Image quality under its center field conditions, replaces the testing result of full filed.But, for Large Area Telescope, particularly It is applied to space measurement field, it is desirable in the range of full filed, image quality reaches nearly diffraction limit rank, cannot use this Detection method, because during actual engineering development, under different field conditions, processes, error that the factor such as installation causes There is bigger difference, the testing result of central vision is only capable of the less image quality adjoining field range of expression, and can not table Levy the result in the range of full filed.
For the deficiency in current telescope image quality detection method, the present invention proposes one and accurately detects full filed The method of image quality, and detection can be automatically performed.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve in the detection of current telescopic optical system image quality, exist approximates with central vision testing result The problem representing full filed result, looks in the distance in the big visual field possessing nearly diffraction limit image quality especially for full filed scope Mirror, the invention provides a kind of Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality detection method.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme is specific as follows:
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the detection method of a kind of Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality, profit Detection device include source of parallel light and two dimensional motion platform thereof, wave front detector and sextuple sports platform, computer, it is fallen into a trap Calculation machine, two dimensional motion platform, sextuple sports platform and wave front detector forming control system, computer, wave front detector and sextuple fortune Dynamic platform composition location closed-loop structure, it is characterised in that this detection method comprises the following steps:
The first step: reference view field is demarcated, and source of parallel light is adjusted to central vision position, then installs and adjusts wavefront and visit Survey the confocal position of device extremely tested Large Area Telescope;
Second step: measure visual field and change, adjust the inclination of source of parallel light and pitch attitude by two dimensional motion platform, reach by Survey the incident angle of visual field needed for Large Area Telescope;
3rd step: wave front detector positions, adjusts position and the attitude of sextuple sports platform according to location closed-loop structure, until Wave front detector and tested Large Area Telescope are in confocal position;
4th step: image quality detects, computer, according to the measurement data of wave front detector, utilizes relevant wave front restoration Algorithm, is calculated the image quality of tested telescopic optical system;
Repeat the second to four step, until completing the detection of full filed scope image quality.
Further, described source of parallel light, reflective or transmission-type can be used, effective aperture need to be more than tested prestige The effective aperture of remote mirror.
Further, described measurement visual field needs before testing, according to tested telescopical field range and detection Requirement determines, can be by square or circular distribution formal character.
Further, described wave front detector can use Hartmann sensor, shearing interferometer or curvature measurement Instrument.
Further, it is orthogonal that described two dimensional motion platform refers to possess two in being perpendicular to source of parallel light optical axial plane The sports platform of rotary freedom.
Further, described sextuple sports platform refers to the sports platform possessing space six-freedom degree.
Further, in described System control structures, computer is used for calculating, storing wavefront information and visual field letter Breath, its input information include motion control instruction that the wavefront information that wave front detector is measured, output information are two dimensional motion platform, The image quality of tested Large Area Telescope under the sextuple motion control instruction of sports platform, all field conditions.
Further, described location closed-loop structure is made up of with computer wave front detector, sextuple sports platform, wavefront Detector measurement wavefront information, computer disposal wavefront information and sub-aperture hot spot distributed intelligence, and extract inclination, pitching and from Burnt data, according to coordinates coupling relation, adjust sextuple sports platform spatial attitude, until realize the matched lenses of wave front detector with Tested Large Area Telescope is in confocal position.
The present invention has a following beneficial effect:
The detection method of the Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality of the present invention, solves Large Area Telescope and entirely regards The problem of field image quality detection, overcomes and uses monoscopic testing result approximate representation whole-view field imaging quality testing at present Deficiency, improves the accuracy of testing result.Providing one for the detection of Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality can To use for reference parallel method effectively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that Large Area Telescope image quality detects schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that visual field divides schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is whole-view field imaging quality testing flow chart.
Fig. 4 is wave front detector positioning flow figure.
Fig. 5 is wave front detector position fixing process sub-aperture hot spot distribution schematic diagram.
In figure, reference implication is: 1 is source of parallel light, and 2 is two dimensional motion platform, and 3 is computer, and 4 is wave front detector, 5 is sextuple sports platform, and 6 is tested Large Area Telescope.
Detailed description of the invention
With detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The detection device that the present invention relates to is shown in Fig. 1, mainly includes source of parallel light 1 and two dimensional motion platform 2, wave front detector 4 and sextuple sports platform 5, computer 3 etc., computer 3, two dimensional motion platform 2, sextuple sports platform 5 and wave front detector 4 composition control System processed, computer 3, wave front detector 4 and sextuple sports platform 5 composition location closed-loop structure.
In Fig. 1, source of parallel light 1 have employed off-axis reflection source of parallel light, and is fixedly installed in two dimensional motion platform 2 work surface On, two dimensional motion platform 2 possesses two orthogonal rotary freedoms, i.e. pitching and inclination, is used for adjusting source of parallel light 1 incidence tested greatly The angle of visual field of visual field telescope 6.Wave front detector 4 is Hartman wavefront detector, is used for detecting wavefront information, sextuple sports platform 5 possess space six-freedom degree, for adjusting locus and the attitude of wave front detector 4.Computer 3 mainly has three works Making, one is calculating, storage field-of-view information, controls the adjustment of two dimensional motion platform 2;Two is the wavefront processing wave front detector 4 record Information, in the closed-loop structure of location, utilizes the inclination in wavefront information, pitching and out of focus item numerical value, and sub-aperture hot spot divides Cloth information, by coordinates coupling relation, sends corresponding movement instruction to sextuple sports platform 5;Three is to calculate according to wavefront information Image quality.The effect of control system is to meet in the range of full filed that visual field changes, wave front detector 4 positions and image quality meter Calculate accurately carry out, location closed-loop structure effect be to ensure that single visual field detection in, wave front detector 4 can exactly with quilt Survey Large Area Telescope 6 and be in confocal position.
Before image quality detects, first determine needs according to field range and the testing requirement of tested Large Area Telescope 6 The visual field of detection, can be by equal distribution formal character square, circular, as in figure 2 it is shown, make with different visual fields image point position in Fig. 2 For identifying, each visual field is numbered FOVi, the corresponding source of parallel light angle of visual field is (ui, vi), the coordinate of picture point and attitude are (xi, yi, zi, αi, βi, γi)。
Fig. 3 gives the flow chart of whole-view field imaging quality testing, is broadly divided into four steps, makes as follows and being discussed in detail.
The first step, reference view field is demarcated, and is generally selected central vision as reference view field, is designated as FOV0, corresponding is parallel Light source 1 angle of visual field is (u0, v0), the coordinate of picture point and attitude are (x0, y0, z0, α0, β0, γ0).First by tested Large Area Telescope 6 are arranged on monitor station (not shown), and source of parallel light 1 is adjusted to tested Large Area Telescope 6 by recycling two dimensional motion platform 2 Heart field positions, then the image point position at tested Large Area Telescope 6 installs wave front detector 4, and utilizes sextuple sports platform 5 Adjust to confocal position, as shown in Figure 1.
Second step, measures visual field and changes, according to selecting to need the visual field FOV of measurementi, and a upper measurement visual field FOVi-1, Make then to adjust and luffing angle θ by two dimensional motion platform 2tukt, θtip, make source of parallel light 1 reach tested big visual field and look in the distance Incident angle of visual field u needed for mirror 6i, vi, structure as shown in Figure 1, following result can be calculated.
θtilt=ui-ui-1, θtip=vi-vi-1
3rd step, wave front detector positions, and the purpose of this step is that wave front detector 4 is accurate from a upper visual field image point position Adjust the image point position to tested visual field, it utilize location closed-loop structure realize, as it is shown in figure 1, picture point is from real point to imaginary point Motion.Fig. 4 gives the flow chart of wave front detector 4 location, first with measuring visual field FOViAngle of visual field ui, vi, calculate quilt Survey the theoretical position (x ' of Large Area Telescope 6 picture pointi, y 'i, z 'i), computing formula is as follows,
x′i,=f tan (vi)+x0
y′i,=f tan (ui)+y0
z′i=z0
Wherein, f is the focal length of tested Large Area Telescope 6, attitude and a upper identical FOV in visual fieldi-1, for (αi-1, βi-1, γi-1), by sextuple sports platform 5 by wave front detector 4 motion corresponding theory position, near this picture point, find incident illumination, root Distribution and wave front detector 4 according to sub-aperture hot spot detect the inclination in wavefront information, pitching and out of focus item data closed loop Adjust position and the attitude of wave front detector 4, as it is shown in figure 5, left figure represents the sub-aperture hot spot distribution near ideal image point, Left, upper part sub-aperture does not has hot spot, and present in wavefront information, inclination, pitching and out of focus item data are respectively Zn simultaneouslytilt, Zntip, Zndefocus, now, computer is according to sub-aperture hot spot distribution form and wavefront information, by coordinates coupling relation, to Sextuple sports platform 5 sends instruction, in closed loop procedure, adjusts movement instruction in real time, finally makes all sub-aperture all there is hot spot, And tilt, pitching and out of focus item data reach range of allowable error etilt、etip、edefocus, now, closed-loop termination, wavefront is visited Surveying device 4 and adjust the confocal position to tested Large Area Telescope 6, sub-aperture hot spot is distributed shown in figure as right in Fig. 5, the picture point obtained Position and attitude data are shown below:
(x′i, y 'i, z 'i, αi-1, βi-1, γi-1)→(xi, yi, zi, αi, βi, γi)。
4th step, image quality measurement, the wavefront information measured according to wave front detector 4, computer utilizes wave front restoration Algorithm, such as type method, field method etc., obtains restoring corrugated and the pertinent statistical parameters of its face type, and then is converted to into picture element Amount evaluation function, Te Lieer represents than SR etc., such as following formula like that:
SR = e - ( 2 πσ λ ) 2
σ represents the RMS value restoring face, corrugated type, and λ represents the wavelength of source of parallel light 1, and other evaluation of imaging quality functions can To calculate according to relevant conversion formula.
Control system is according to measuring visual field order, and repetition second step is to the 4th step, until completing full filed scope to become picture element The detection of amount.
Above-described embodiment is merely to clearly illustrate the citing of the present invention, and not restriction to embodiment.Here without Need also to give exhaustive to all of embodiment.And the obvious change thus extended out or variation are still in this Among the protection domain of invention.

Claims (8)

1. a detection method for Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality, the detection device of utilization includes source of parallel light (1) and two dimensional motion platform (2), wave front detector (4) and sextuple sports platform (5), computer (3), its Computer (3), Two dimensional motion platform (2), sextuple sports platform (5) and wave front detector (4) forming control system, and computer (3), Wavefront detecting Device (4) and sextuple sports platform (5) composition location closed-loop structure, it is characterised in that this detection method comprises the following steps:
The first step: reference view field is demarcated, and adjusts source of parallel light (1) to central vision position, then installs and adjusts wavefront and visit Survey the confocal position of device (4) extremely tested Large Area Telescope (6);
Second step: measure visual field and change, is adjusted inclination and the pitch attitude of source of parallel light (1), reaches by two dimensional motion platform (2) The incident angle of visual field needed for tested Large Area Telescope (6);
3rd step: wave front detector (4) positions, adjusts position and the attitude of sextuple sports platform (5), directly according to location closed-loop structure It is in confocal position to wave front detector (4) and tested Large Area Telescope (6);
4th step: image quality detects, computer (3), according to the measurement data of wave front detector (4), utilizes relevant wavefront multiple Former algorithm, is calculated the image quality of tested Large Area Telescope (6) optical system;
Repetition second step is to the 4th step, until completing the detection of full filed scope image quality.
The detection method of Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute The source of parallel light (1) stated, can use reflective or transmission-type, and effective aperture need to having more than tested Large Area Telescope (6) Effect bore.
The detection method of Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute The measurement visual field stated needs before testing, and field range and testing requirement according to tested Large Area Telescope (6) determine, permissible By square or circular distribution formal character.
The detection method of Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute The wave front detector (4) stated can use Hartmann sensor, shearing interferometer or measuring apparatus of arbitrary shape.
The detection method of Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute The two dimensional motion platform (2) stated refers to the fortune possessing two orthogonal rotary freedoms in being perpendicular to source of parallel light (1) optical axial plane Dynamic platform.
The detection method of Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute The sextuple sports platform (5) stated refers to the sports platform possessing space six-freedom degree.
The detection method of Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute In the control system stated, computer (3) is used for calculating, storing wavefront information and field-of-view information, and its input information includes that wavefront is visited Surveying the wavefront information that device (4) is measured, output information is the motion control instruction of two dimensional motion platform (2), the fortune of sextuple sports platform (5) The image quality of tested Large Area Telescope (6) under dynamic control instruction, all field conditions.
The detection method of Large Area Telescope optical system imaging quality the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute The location closed-loop structure stated is made up of with computer (3) wave front detector (4), sextuple sports platform (5), and wave front detector (4) is surveyed Amount wavefront information, computer (3) processes wavefront information and sub-aperture hot spot distributed intelligence, and extracts inclination, pitching and out of focus number According to, according to coordinates coupling relation, adjust sextuple sports platform (5) spatial attitude, until realizing the matched lenses of wave front detector (4) It is in confocal position with tested Large Area Telescope (6).
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CN110361163A (en) * 2019-06-14 2019-10-22 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 The device and method of parallel light tube suspension Scanning Detction heavy-caliber optical system
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CN110889353A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-03-17 中国科学院国家天文台长春人造卫星观测站 Space target identification method based on primary focus large-visual-field photoelectric telescope
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CN110907143B (en) * 2019-12-18 2021-05-04 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Digital camera imaging quality real-time measuring device under temperature field condition
CN111665023A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-09-15 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 Telescope distortion measuring device and method
CN112556997A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-26 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Large-aperture optical system detection method, device, equipment and storage medium
CN112556997B (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-10-08 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Large-aperture optical system detection method, device, equipment and storage medium
CN112525496A (en) * 2020-12-07 2021-03-19 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Method, device, equipment and medium for sensing wavefront curvature of telescope

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