CN105458510A - Method for eliminating pores in magnesium alloy welding - Google Patents
Method for eliminating pores in magnesium alloy welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN105458510A CN105458510A CN201510989940.2A CN201510989940A CN105458510A CN 105458510 A CN105458510 A CN 105458510A CN 201510989940 A CN201510989940 A CN 201510989940A CN 105458510 A CN105458510 A CN 105458510A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 40
- 241000538562 Banjos Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000168254 Siro Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003913 materials processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010358 mechanical oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002525 ultrasonication Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for eliminating pores in magnesium alloy welding. The method comprises the steps of cleaning and clamping a to-be-welded workpiece, setting technological parameters and performing welding. Compared with traditional electric arc welding and the like, the method remarkably increases the efficiency and the welding speed, reduces the production cost and heat input, and can prevent more pores from gathering and growing in weld joints through the addition of ultrasonic vibration; and compared with single laser welding, the method prolongs the cooling time of a molten pool with the aid of ultrasonic TIG, and promotes the spilling of pores by vibrating and stirring the molten pool so as to inhibit pore defects; and compared with ultrasonic-assisted electric arc welding, the method can effectively improve the welding efficiency and eliminate pores.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore, belong to materials processing engineering field.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy, as the lightest structural metallic materials, has the advantages such as very high specific strength, specific stiffness and elastic modelling quantity are low, electromagnetic shielding capability is strong, and the superior function such as lightweight is attractive in appearance, is the green material of 21 century.Magnesium alloy is the metal engineering structural material of most lightweight in practical application.In recent years, magnesium alloy annual growth is worldwide up to 20%, and application prospect is very considerable.At present, magnesium alloy, due to realizing having remarkable effect in lightweight, reduction energy resource consumption, minimizing environmental pollution etc., is just obtaining increasingly extensive application at the industrial circles such as defence and military, automobile, Aero-Space, electronics, machinery and the field such as household supplies and sports equipment.
Welding method at present for magnesium alloy welding application mainly contains gas tungsten arc welding (TIG), welding (MIG), friction stir welding (FSW), friction welding (FW) (FW), Laser Welding (LBW), electron beam welding (EBW) and resistance spot welding (RSW) etc.Wherein argon tungsten-arc welding, Laser Welding etc. have huge development potentiality and application prospect.But the self-characteristic due to magnesium alloy makes magnesium alloy can produce a series of difficulty in welding process, as diecast magnesium alloy, weld blowhole mainly comes from the micro-sbrinkage blowhole of the Dispersed precipitate that mother metal is formed in press casting procedure, the a large amount of original gas existed in material expand, grow up, merge and float under welding condition, and the suppression of butt welded seam pore produces adverse influence.The pore existed in weld seam can reduce loaded area, and develops into formation of crack, significantly reduces weld properties.
At present, adopt conventional method to carry out magnesium alloy sheet welding and there are following problems:
(1) speed of welding of gas tungsten arc welding is little, and efficiency is low, and easily forms pore in magnesium alloy TIG welding process, because the heat transfer of magnesium alloy is very fast, cooling velocity is large, bubble overflow and floating interval of floating dock short, form defect so remain in weld seam;
(2) Laser Welding speed of welding is fast, and efficiency is high, but cause in welding process also may generating process class pore due to its spoon of characteristic, and because its cooling velocity is very fast, molten bath scope is little, and bubble is difficult to overflow.
Current ultrasonic wave added welding mainly concentrates on and on mother metal, applies ultrasonic vibration, in order to crystal grain thinning (as patent 200410009170.2); The application of one side is then be coupled with electric arc in addition, makes arc constriction, reaches the object (as patent 200710144659.4) strengthening fusion penetration.But these two kinds application are more weak to stomatal action, can not obviously eliminate magnesium alloy TIG welding especially laser-TIG hybrid weldering pore.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to solve above-mentioned Problems existing, and proposes a kind of method-ultrasonic wave added laser and the ultrasonic wave added TIG complex welding method of eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore.
The present invention is intended to welding magnesium alloy sheet (≤8mm), adopt the method for ultrasonic wave added laser and TIG composite welding, namely when welding, simultaneously by laser head, TIG welding gun and ultrasonicly carry out compound, and carry out single layer welding and connect and obtain satisfactory weld seam, its schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.Gapless two magnesium alloy sheets of docking weld, and laser beam and TIG welding gun are positioned at two dull and stereotyped seam crossings, for avoiding magnesium alloy reflects laser, laser are carried out certain angle inclination (5 ° ~ 15 °).Convert the signal of telecommunication that ultrasonic-frequency power supply exports to mechanical oscillation by ultrasonic transducer, pass to laser work head and TIG welding gun respectively finally by ultrasonic amplitude transformer, thus realize the vibration to laser and electric arc.Ultrasonic transformer vibration mode is longitudinal vibration, as shown in Figure 1 laser vibrometer direction vertical welding direction and electric arc direction of vibration is parallel to welding direction.Relative laser bundle focal position, tungsten electrode top remains unchanged, electric arc and laser vertical are in welding direction oscillation crosswise, the vibration of laser makes keyhole enlarged open, reduce keyhole to cave in the generation of type pore, electric arc is positioned at rear heating and vibration, make molten bath cooling velocity reduce and stir molten bath, promote that pore is broken and overflow, all can complete welding by laser and the movement of welding gun or the movement of workpiece.
A kind of method eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore of the present invention, it carries out according to following steps:
Step one: the position to be welded both side surface of workpiece to be welded is carried out polishing or cleaning;
Step 2: the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed on welding tool setup, adopts fixture to fix respectively laser head and TIG welding gun, and be connected with ultrasonic amplitude transformer;
Step 3: technological parameter is set: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, and laser power is 3000 ~ 5000W, and arc current is 50 ~ 100A, and laser-arc spacing is 3 ~ 6mm, and speed of welding is 1 ~ 3m/min;
Auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 1 μm ~ 20 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 1 μm ~ 20 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min;
Step 4: in actual welding process, robot integrated system is adopted to control welding condition, first TIG Arc, then after arc stability 1 ~ 2S, laser control sends laser, then apply ultrasonic vibration, last control makes laser work head and TIG welding gun associated movement complete welding process.
The present invention mainly contains some advantage following compared to traditional magnesium alloy welding:
1, compared to traditional electrical arc-welding etc., significantly improve efficiency, increase substantially speed of welding, ultrasonic wave added electric arc welding speed is generally less than 1m/min, and speed of welding of the present invention can reach 3m/min, reduces production cost.Reduce heat input, and adding due to ultrasonic vibration, can prevent more pore from assembling in weld seam and growing up;
2, compared to single laser weld, auxiliary by ultrasonic TIG, extends molten bath cool time, vibration also agitation molten pool promotes that bubble overflows, thus suppresses gas hole defect, improves the mechanical property of weld seam, its tensile strength can improve more than 20%, reaches more than 80% of mother metal tensile strength.
3, compared to ultrasonic wave added arc welding, can effectively improve welding efficiency and eliminate pore.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the present invention's ultrasonic TIG auxiliary laser welding front view;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the present invention's ultrasonic TIG auxiliary laser welding top view;
Fig. 3 is the weld seam front macroscopic view Electronic Speculum figure of embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the weld seam sectional side elevation Electronic Speculum figure of embodiment 1;
Fig. 5 is the weld seam front macroscopic view Electronic Speculum figure of embodiment 2;
Fig. 6 is the weld seam sectional side elevation Electronic Speculum figure of embodiment 2;
Fig. 7 is the weld seam front macroscopic view Electronic Speculum figure of embodiment 3;
Fig. 8 is the weld seam sectional side elevation Electronic Speculum figure of embodiment 3.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: a kind of method eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore of present embodiment, it carries out according to following steps:
Step one: the position to be welded both side surface of workpiece to be welded is carried out polishing or cleaning;
Step 2: the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed on welding tool setup, adopts fixture to fix respectively laser head and TIG welding gun, and be connected with ultrasonic amplitude transformer;
Step 3: technological parameter is set: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, and laser power is 3000 ~ 5000W, and arc current is 50 ~ 100A, laser-arc spacing is 3 ~ 6mm, speed of welding is 1 ~ 3m/min, and auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 1 μm ~ 20 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 1 μm ~ 20 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min;
Step 4: in actual welding process, robot integrated system is adopted to control welding condition, first TIG Arc, then after arc stability 1 ~ 2s, laser control sends laser, then apply ultrasonic vibration, last control makes laser work head and TIG welding gun associated movement complete welding process.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: the laser instrument of laser weld is CO
2gas laser, YAG solid state laser, semiconductor laser or optical fiber laser.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one are unlike the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 3500 ~ 5000W, arc current is 70 ~ 100A, laser-arc spacing is 3 ~ 5mm, speed of welding is 1 ~ 3m/min, auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 5 μm ~ 20 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 5 μm ~ 20 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention four: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one are unlike the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 4000 ~ 5000W, arc current is 80 ~ 100A, laser-arc spacing is 3 ~ 5mm, speed of welding is 1 ~ 2m/min, auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm ~ 20 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm ~ 20 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention five: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one are unlike the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 4500 ~ 5000W, arc current is 90 ~ 100A, laser-arc spacing is 3 ~ 4mm, speed of welding is 1 ~ 2m/min, auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 15 μm ~ 20 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 15 μm ~ 20 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention six: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one are unlike the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 3000 ~ 4500W, arc current is 70 ~ 90A, laser-arc spacing is 4 ~ 5mm, speed of welding is 1 ~ 3m/min, auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 5 μm ~ 15 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 5 μm ~ 15 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention seven: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one are unlike the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 3000 ~ 4000W, arc current is 70 ~ 80A, laser-arc spacing is 4 ~ 5mm, speed of welding is 2 ~ 3m/min, auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm ~ 15 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm ~ 15 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention eight: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one are unlike the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 3500 ~ 4000W, arc current is 70 ~ 80A, laser-arc spacing is 4 ~ 5mm, speed of welding is 2 ~ 3m/min, auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 12 μm ~ 15 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 12 μm ~ 15 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention nine: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one are unlike the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 3500W, arc current is 70A, laser-arc spacing is 5mm, speed of welding is 3m/min, auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 15 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 15 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention ten: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one are unlike the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 4000W, arc current is 100A, laser-arc spacing is 3mm, speed of welding is 3m/min, auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Content of the present invention is not limited only to the content of the respective embodiments described above, and the combination of one of them or several detailed description of the invention equally also can realize the object of inventing.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is verified by following examples:
Utilize laser-TIG weldering respectively, ultrasonic wave added TIG welds and this method welds the thick magnesium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing of 3mm.Specific experiment method is as follows:
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment adopts the thick magnesium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing of laser-TIG, ultrasonic wave added weldering TIG soldering method welding 3mm, and detailed process is as follows:
Step one: required precision is processed at the position to be welded of workpiece to be welded as required, and the both side surface after work pieces process is polished or cleans;
Step 2: by polishing or cleaning after workpiece to be welded be fixed on welding tool setup, utilize special fixture laser head and TIG welding gun to be fixed respectively, and with ultrasonic amplitude transformer compact siro spinning technology;
Step 3: defocusing amount is ﹢ 1mm, laser power 3000W, and arc current is at 60A, laser-arc spacing 3mm, speed of welding is at 1m/min, and auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 30kHz, Oscillation Amplitude is 15 μm, and auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 30kHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 15 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is at 20L/min;
Step 4: in actual welding process, robot integrated system is adopted to control welding condition, first TIG Arc, then after arc stability 1 ~ 2s, laser control sends laser, then apply ultrasonic vibration, last control makes laser work head and TIG welding gun associated movement complete welding process.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the weld seam front grand design that employing the present embodiment carries out when the thick magnesium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing of 3mm welds, and with sectional side elevation result, can find that appearance of weld is good, non-nuclear density gauge, quality is good, has no pore.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment adopts the thick magnesium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing of laser-TIG welding process welding 3mm, and detailed process is as follows:
Step one: required precision is processed at the position to be welded of workpiece to be welded as required, and the both side surface after work pieces process is polished or cleans;
Step 2: the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed on welding tool setup, utilizes special fixture laser head and TIG welding gun to be fixed respectively;
Step 3: defocusing amount is ﹢ 1mm, laser power 3000W, arc current at 60A, laser-arc spacing 3mm, speed of welding is at 1m/min; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is at 20L/min;
Step 4: in actual welding process, robot integrated system is adopted to control welding condition, first TIG Arc, then after arc stability 1 ~ 2s, laser control sends laser, and last control makes laser work head and TIG welding gun associated movement complete welding process.
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is the weld seam front grand design that employing the present embodiment carries out when the thick magnesium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing of 3mm welds, and with sectional side elevation result, can find that weld seam exists a small amount of pore, wherein a part is irregular pore, is caused by laser keyhole instability.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment adopts the thick magnesium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing of ultrasonic wave added TIG welding method welding 3mm, and detailed process is as follows:
Step one: required precision is processed at the position to be welded of workpiece to be welded as required, and the both side surface after work pieces process is polished or cleans;
Step 2: be fixed on welding tool setup by the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning, utilizes special fixture by TIG weldering and ultrasonic amplitude transformer compact siro spinning technology;
Step 3: arc current is at about 80A, and speed of welding is at 0.3m/min; Ultrasonic vibration frequency is 30kHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 15 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is at 15L/min;
Step 4: in actual welding process, adopt robot integrated system to control welding condition, first TIG Arc, the then after-applied ultrasonic vibration of arc stability 1 ~ 2S, last control makes TIG welding gun proper motion complete welding process.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is the weld seam front grand design that employing the present embodiment carries out when the thick magnesium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing of 3mm welds, with sectional side elevation result, can find that weld seam exists a small amount of pore, average diameter is less, mainly obtain because ultrasonication is broken, but because TIG welds speed of welding comparatively slowly, pore generates more, is difficult to whole spilling.
The cross section porosity data comparative analysis result of embodiment 1 to 3 is as shown in table 1;
The table 1 cross section porosity compares
As shown in Table 1, the method for embodiment 1 is obviously better than embodiment 2 and 3, proves that the method for embodiment 1 has significant advantage.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment adopts the thick magnesium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing of laser-TIG soldering method welding 3mm, and detailed process is as follows:
Step one: required precision is processed at the position to be welded of workpiece to be welded as required, and the both side surface after work pieces process is polished or cleans;
Step 2: by polishing or cleaning after workpiece to be welded be fixed on welding tool setup, utilize special fixture laser head and TIG welding gun to be fixed respectively, and with ultrasonic amplitude transformer compact siro spinning technology;
Step 3: defocusing amount is 0mm, laser power 3500W, and arc current is at 80A, laser-arc spacing 4mm, speed of welding is at 2m/min, and auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 50kHz, Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm, and auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 50kHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is at 20L/min;
Step 4: in actual welding process, robot integrated system is adopted to control welding condition, first TIG Arc, then after arc stability 1 ~ 2s, laser control sends laser, then apply ultrasonic vibration, last control makes laser work head and TIG welding gun associated movement complete welding process.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment adopts the thick magnesium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing of laser-TIG soldering method welding 3mm, and detailed process is as follows:
Step one: required precision is processed at the position to be welded of workpiece to be welded as required, and the both side surface after work pieces process is polished or cleans;
Step 2: by polishing or cleaning after workpiece to be welded be fixed on welding tool setup, utilize special fixture laser head and TIG welding gun to be fixed respectively, and with ultrasonic amplitude transformer compact siro spinning technology;
Step 3: defocusing amount is-1mm, laser power 4000W, and arc current is at 60A, laser-arc spacing 3mm, speed of welding is at 1m/min, and auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 20kHz, Oscillation Amplitude is 5 μm, and auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 20kHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 5 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is at 20L/min;
Step 4: in actual welding process, robot integrated system is adopted to control welding condition, first TIG Arc, then after arc stability 1 ~ 2s, laser control sends laser, then apply ultrasonic vibration, last control makes laser work head and TIG welding gun associated movement complete welding process.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment adopts the thick magnesium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing of laser-TIG soldering method welding 3mm, and detailed process is as follows:
Step one: required precision is processed at the position to be welded of workpiece to be welded as required, and the both side surface after work pieces process is polished or cleans;
Step 2: by polishing or cleaning after workpiece to be welded be fixed on welding tool setup, utilize special fixture laser head and TIG welding gun to be fixed respectively, and with ultrasonic amplitude transformer compact siro spinning technology;
Step 3: defocusing amount is-3mm, laser power 3000W, and arc current is at 50A, laser-arc spacing 3mm, speed of welding is at 1m/min, and auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz, Oscillation Amplitude is 1 μm, and auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 1 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is at 20L/min;
Step 4: in actual welding process, robot integrated system is adopted to control welding condition, first TIG Arc, then after arc stability 1 ~ 2s, laser control sends laser, then apply ultrasonic vibration, last control makes laser work head and TIG welding gun associated movement complete welding process.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment adopts the thick magnesium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing of laser-TIG soldering method welding 3mm, and detailed process is as follows:
Step one: required precision is processed at the position to be welded of workpiece to be welded as required, and the both side surface after work pieces process is polished or cleans;
Step 2: by polishing or cleaning after workpiece to be welded be fixed on welding tool setup, utilize special fixture laser head and TIG welding gun to be fixed respectively, and with ultrasonic amplitude transformer compact siro spinning technology;
Step 3: defocusing amount is 3mm, laser power 5000W, and arc current is at 100A, laser-arc spacing 6mm, speed of welding is at 3m/min, and auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 1MHz, Oscillation Amplitude is 20 μm, and auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 20 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is at 40L/min;
Step 4: in actual welding process, robot integrated system is adopted to control welding condition, first TIG Arc, then after arc stability 1 ~ 2s, laser control sends laser, then apply ultrasonic vibration, last control makes laser work head and TIG welding gun associated movement complete welding process.
Above embodiment 4 to 7 compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, compared to traditional electrical arc-welding etc., significantly improve efficiency, speed of welding, reduce production cost.Reduce heat input, and adding due to ultrasonic vibration, can prevent more pore from assembling in weld seam and growing up;
2, compared to single laser weld, auxiliary by ultrasonic TIG, extends molten bath cool time, vibration agitation molten pool promotes that bubble overflows, thus suppresses gas hole defect.
3, compared to ultrasonic wave added arc welding, can effectively improve welding efficiency and eliminate pore.
Finally should be noted that; above embodiment is only do not limit the scope of the invention the description of the better embodiment of the present invention; although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description; those skilled in the art are to be understood that; can modify to technical solution of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not depart from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. eliminate a method for magnesium alloy welding pore, it is characterized in that it carries out according to following steps:
Step one: the position to be welded both side surface of workpiece to be welded is carried out polishing or cleaning;
Step 2: the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed on welding tool setup, adopts fixture to fix respectively laser head and TIG welding gun, and be connected with ultrasonic amplitude transformer;
Step 3: technological parameter is set: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, and laser power is 3000 ~ 5000W, and arc current is 50 ~ 100A, and laser-arc spacing is 3 ~ 6mm, and speed of welding is 1 ~ 3m/min;
Auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 1 μm ~ 20 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 1 μm ~ 20 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min;
Step 4: in actual welding process, robot integrated system is adopted to control welding condition, first TIG Arc, then after arc stability 1 ~ 2s, laser control sends laser, then apply ultrasonic vibration, last control makes laser work head and TIG welding gun associated movement complete welding process.
2. a kind of method eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore according to claim 1, is characterized in that the laser instrument of laser weld is CO
2gas laser, YAG solid state laser, semiconductor laser or optical fiber laser.
3. a kind of method eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 3500 ~ 5000W, arc current is 70 ~ 100A, laser-arc spacing is 3 ~ 5mm, and speed of welding is 1 ~ 3m/min;
Auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 5 μm ~ 20 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 5 μm ~ 20 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
4. a kind of method eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 4000 ~ 5000W, arc current is 80 ~ 100A, laser-arc spacing is 3 ~ 5mm, and speed of welding is 1 ~ 2m/min;
Auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm ~ 20 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm ~ 20 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
5. a kind of method eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore according to claim 4, it is characterized in that the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 4500 ~ 5000W, arc current is 90 ~ 100A, laser-arc spacing is 3 ~ 4mm, and speed of welding is 1 ~ 2m/min;
Auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 15 μm ~ 20 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 15 μm ~ 20 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
6. a kind of method eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore according to claim 5, it is characterized in that the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 3000 ~ 4500W, arc current is 70 ~ 90A, laser-arc spacing is 4 ~ 5mm, and speed of welding is 1 ~ 3m/min;
Auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 5 μm ~ 15 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 5 μm ~ 15 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
7. a kind of method eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore according to claim 6, it is characterized in that the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 3000 ~ 4000W, arc current is 70 ~ 80A, laser-arc spacing is 4 ~ 5mm, and speed of welding is 2 ~ 3m/min;
Auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm ~ 15 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm ~ 15 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
8. a kind of method eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore according to claim 7, it is characterized in that the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, laser power is 3500 ~ 4000W, arc current is 70 ~ 80A, laser-arc spacing is 4 ~ 5mm, and speed of welding is 2 ~ 3m/min;
Auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 12 μm ~ 15 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 12 μm ~ 15 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
9. a kind of method eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore according to claim 8, it is characterized in that the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, and laser power is 3500W, and arc current is 70A, laser-arc spacing is 5mm, and speed of welding is 3m/min;
Auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 15 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 15 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
10. a kind of method eliminating magnesium alloy welding pore according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the technological parameter in step 3: defocusing amount is ﹣ 3 ~ ﹢ 3mm, and laser power is 4000W, and arc current is 100A, laser-arc spacing is 3mm, and speed of welding is 3m/min;
Auxiliary laser ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm;
Auxiliary TIG ultrasonic vibration frequency is 10kHz ~ 1MHz, and Oscillation Amplitude is 10 μm; Protection gas adopts Ar gas, and flow is 20 ~ 40L/min.
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| CN111590199A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-28 | 株式会社东芝 | Laser welding method for die-cast member, die-cast product manufacturing method, and die-cast product |
| CN109676138A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-04-26 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of laser pumping ultrasound energy field assisted plasma arc carries powder increasing material manufacturing method |
| CN111673283A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-18 | 华北水利水电大学 | Multilayer laser-TIG (tungsten inert gas) hybrid welding device and method for aluminum alloy thick plate |
| CN111716003A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-29 | 华北水利水电大学 | Aluminum alloy pulse laser-TIG electric arc composite additive manufacturing device and method |
| CN113941778A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-01-18 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Thick plate ultrahigh-power laser-deep melting TIG (tungsten inert gas) hybrid welding method |
| CN113941778B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-28 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Thick plate ultrahigh-power laser-deep melting TIG hybrid welding method |
| CN113560734A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Ultrasonic-assisted laser-double-electric-arc hybrid welding equipment and method for inhibiting pore defects |
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