CN103862177B - Laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method - Google Patents
Laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103862177B CN103862177B CN201410092005.1A CN201410092005A CN103862177B CN 103862177 B CN103862177 B CN 103862177B CN 201410092005 A CN201410092005 A CN 201410092005A CN 103862177 B CN103862177 B CN 103862177B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Laser GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method.Compared with conventional fused pole gas shielded arc welding (GMAW), have that speed of welding is fast, thermal weld stress is low, welding deformation is little, weld penetration is big, be easily achieved one side welding with back formation, refinement joint microstructure, improve the technological merits such as joint performance.Laser beam is carried out composite welding with GMA electric arc according to the mode that paraxonic is compound by the present invention, the most additionally fill a root wire to the zone of action of laser GMA composite heat power supply, the fusing of filler wire is realized by the heat of composite heat power supply and molten bath, consume the heat more than needed during hybrid laser-arc welding, welding deposition efficiency is improved under conditions of not increasing arc power, improve weld structure performance, reduce the thermal weld stress damage to material, reduce welding deformation.The present invention is used for laser GMA arc composite heat source filler wire welding.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method.
Background technology:
Laser-GMA arc composite heat source solder technology is the Advanced Welding Technique of a kind of high-efficiency high-quality at present, with tradition
Gas metal-arc welding (GMAW) is compared, have that speed of welding is fast, thermal weld stress is low, welding deformation is little, weld penetration is big,
Being easily achieved one side welding with back formation, refinement joint microstructure, improve the technological merits such as joint performance, particularly this welding method can
Realizing the characteristic of electric arc high stable welding under the conditions of high-speed welding, that this welding method is had in the welding of middle thin plate is aobvious
The technical advantage write.When utilizing this process to carry out workpiece welding, in order to efficiently control welding deformation, it should make full use of
The feature of this process high-speed welding, improves speed of welding as far as possible, but in order to improve deposition under the conditions of high-speed welding
Efficiency,
Typically can increase the power of GMA electric arc to obtain bigger welding wire deposition amount, however this by increasing GMA electricity
Arc power improves the method for deposited metal amount and often makes molten pool metal overheated, has a strong impact on appearance of weld, even causes
The defects such as the subsiding of weld seam, undercut, cause the damage of joint performance and tissue simultaneously.As can be seen here, for laser-GMA electric arc
For hybrid laser-arc welding process, the traditional method improving deposition efficiency by increasing arc power has the biggest
Drawback and technical limitation, become the technical bottleneck restricting this welding technique higher welding efficiency of acquisition.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention proposes a kind of laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, promotes this welding procedure further
The usefulness of method.
Above-mentioned purpose is realized by following technical scheme:
A kind of laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, the method includes: pressed with GMA electric arc by laser beam
The mode compound according to paraxonic carries out composite welding, and an extra root wire of filling, to the zone of action of laser-GMA composite heat power supply, leads to
Cross the heat in composite heat power supply and molten bath to realize the fusing of filler wire, consume the heat more than needed during hybrid laser-arc welding,
Under conditions of not increasing arc power, improve welding deposition efficiency, improve weld structure performance, reduce thermal weld stress
Damage to material, reduces welding deformation；
Test mother metal is 6005A aluminium alloy extrusions, and section bar state is T6 state, and section bar specification is 1000 × 500 × 120
Mm, the thickness of slab of welding region is 4 mm, and joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing, offers 30 ° of grooves, and welding requirements root penetration also fills up
The weldering bakie at the back side；Welding wire used is the ER5087 aluminium alloy welding wire of diameter of phi 1.2 mm, and welding process uses pulse MIC
Electric arc, compound tense laser is front, and electric arc is rear, before the laser-MIG composite heat power supply landfilling area in implementation process has been respectively adopted
Wire feed, middle wire feed and three kinds of different modes of rear wire feed, the welding parameter of front wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser
Power 5000W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 7.0 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm
；The welding parameter of middle wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power 4500W, welding current 205A, filler wire
Wire feed rate 7.0 m/min, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm；The welding parameter of rear wire feeding mode: speed of welding
3.6 m/min, laser power 4500W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 5.5 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency
5 HZ, amplitude of oscillation 2mm；Laser instrument used is optical fiber laser, and protective gas is industry straight argon, shield gas flow rate 20 L/min,
Three kinds of laser-MIG composite heat power supplies silk filling weld seams of postwelding are respectively provided with good appearance of weld, wherein, front wire feed and middle wire feed side
The appearance of weld that formula obtains is more preferable, and compared with traditional laser-MIG Combined Welding, its speed of welding improves more than 1/3, weldering
Connect deformation less.
Described laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, laser instrument used is Nd:YAG laser instrument, dish
Type laser instrument, optical fiber laser, semiconductor laser or CO2Laser instrument.
A kind of laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, the method includes: pressed with GMA electric arc by laser beam
The mode compound according to paraxonic carries out composite welding, and an extra root wire of filling, to the zone of action of laser-GMA composite heat power supply, leads to
Cross the heat in composite heat power supply and molten bath to realize the fusing of filler wire, consume the heat more than needed during hybrid laser-arc welding,
Under conditions of not increasing arc power, improve welding deposition efficiency, improve weld structure performance, reduce thermal weld stress
Damage to material, reduces welding deformation；
Test mother metal is Q235 mild steel, and test plate (panel) specification is 300 × 120 × 10 mm, and welding wire used is diameter of phi 1.2
The ER50-6 gas shield welding wire of mm, welding process uses pulse MAG electric arc, and compound tense laser is front, and electric arc is rear, used
Laser instrument is optical fiber laser, and protective gas is 80%Ar+20%CO2, shield gas flow rate 20 L/min；In implementation process
Laser-MAG composite heat power supply filler wire welding parameter: speed of welding 2.5m/min, laser power 2000W, welding current 280A, fills out
Fill wire feed rate 6.0 m/min of welding wire, wire feeding mode before using, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 3 mm；Postwelding obtains
Laser-MAG composite heat power supply landfilling area sewer have extraordinary appearance of weld, under conditions of speed of welding significantly improves, its
The molten width of weld seam is the most suitable with laser-MAG Combined Welding.
Described laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, laser instrument used is Nd:YAG laser instrument, dish
Type laser instrument, optical fiber laser, semiconductor laser or CO2Laser instrument.
Beneficial effect:
Laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, compared with conventional fused pole gas shielded arc welding (GMAW), has
Have that speed of welding is fast, thermal weld stress is low, welding deformation is little, weld penetration is big, be easily achieved one side welding with back formation, refinement connects
It is high steady that the technological merits, particularly this welding method such as head tissue, raising joint performance can realize electric arc under the conditions of high-speed welding
The characteristic of fixed welding makes this welding method have significant technical advantage in the welding of middle thin plate.
On the premise of not increasing GMA arc power, take full advantage of composite heat power supply welding method heat-source energy concentrate,
The inherent characteristics that the thermal efficiency is high, bath temperature is high, by extra filler wire and utilize the heat more than needed of welding process to realize
The fusing of welding wire, thus increase the welding wire deposition efficiency of welding process, to meet laser-GMA electrical arc composite heat source welding method
Demand to high deposition efficiency under the conditions of high-speed welding, improves speed of welding, reduces welding deformation, improves welding quality.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of wire feed scheme before the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the schematic diagram of wire feed scheme in the middle of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the schematic diagram of wire feed scheme after the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, is combined laser beam according to paraxonic with GMA electric arc
Mode carry out composite welding, more additionally fill a root wire to the zone of action of laser-GMA composite heat power supply, pass through compound thermal
The heat in source and molten bath realizes the fusing of filler wire, consumes the heat more than needed during hybrid laser-arc welding, is not increasing
Improve welding deposition efficiency under conditions of arc power, improve weld structure performance, reduce thermal weld stress to material
Damage, reduces welding deformation.
Embodiment 2:
According to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method described in embodiment 1, described laser and GMA
The Combined Mining laser of electric arc front, the posterior complex method of electric arc or use electric arc front, the posterior complex method of laser, weldering
The feeding position of silk can be sent into from welding direction front end or be sent into or from welding direction from the centre position of laser beam with electric arc
Rear portion be sent into, described filler wire be perpendicular in welding direction can be along wire oscillation frequency at 0～100 HZ, pendulum
Width is at 0-5mm.Swing, sprawl well with weld metal after guaranteeing filler wire.
Embodiment 3:
According to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method described in embodiment 1 or 2, described filling weldering
A diameter of Φ 0.8 mm～Φ 1.6 mm, wire feed rate 1.0～15.0 m/min of described filler wire of silk, welding
Speed 0.5～5.0 m/min, welding current 50～350A, laser power >=500 W, chevilled silk spacing is at 1～8 mm
In the range of.
Embodiment 4:
According to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3, laser used
Device is Nd:YAG laser instrument, dish-like laser instrument, optical fiber laser, semiconductor laser or CO2 laser instrument.
Embodiment 5:
According to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, utilize
Said method has carried out the welding of 6005A aluminium alloy extrusions, and by the result of welding result Yu conventional laser-MIG Combined Welding
Contrast.Test mother metal is 6005A aluminium alloy extrusions, and section bar state is T6 state, section bar specification is 1000 × 500 ×
120 mm, the thickness of slab of welding region is 4 mm, and joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing, offers 30 ° of grooves, and welding requirements root penetration is also
Fill up the weldering bakie at the back side.Welding wire used is the ER5087 aluminium alloy welding wire of diameter of phi 1.2 mm, and welding process uses pulse
MIG electric arc, compound tense laser is front, and electric arc is rear.Laser-MIG composite welding parameter in implementation process: speed of welding
2.6 m/min, laser power 3600W, welding current 205A.Laser-MIG composite heat power supply landfilling area be respectively adopted front wire feed,
Middle wire feed and three kinds of different modes of rear wire feed, the welding parameter of front wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power
5000W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 7.0 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm；In
Between the welding parameter of wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power 4500W, welding current 205A, filler wire
Wire feed rate 7.0 m/min, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm；The welding parameter of rear wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6
M/min, laser power 4500W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 5.5 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5
HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm.Laser instrument used is optical fiber laser, and protective gas is industry straight argon, shield gas flow rate 20 L/min.Weldering
Rear three kinds of laser-MIG composite heat power supplies silk filling weld seam is respectively provided with good appearance of weld, wherein, front wire feed and middle wire feeding mode
The appearance of weld obtained is more preferable, and compared with traditional laser-MIG Combined Welding, its speed of welding improves more than 1/3, welding
Deform less.
Embodiment 6:
According to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method one of embodiment 1-5 Suo Shu, utilize above-mentioned side
Method has carried out laser-MAG composite heat power supply built-up welding and laser-MAG composite heat power supply on Q235 test plate (panel) respectively and has filled silk the right of built-up welding
Than test.Test mother metal is Q235 mild steel, and test plate (panel) specification is 300 × 120 × 10 mm, and welding wire used is diameter of phi 1.2 mm
ER50-6 gas shield welding wire, welding process use pulse MAG electric arc, compound tense laser is front, and electric arc is rear.Laser used
Device is optical fiber laser, and protective gas is 80%Ar+20%CO2, shield gas flow rate 20 L/min.Laser in implementation process-
MAG composite welding parameter: speed of welding 1.5 m/min, laser power 2000W, welding current 280A.Laser-MAG compound thermal
Source filler wire welding parameter: speed of welding 2.5m/min, laser power 2000W, welding current 280A, the wire feed rate of filler wire
6.0 m/min, wire feeding mode before using, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 3 mm.Laser-MAG the compound thermal that postwelding obtains
Source landfilling area sewer has extraordinary appearance of weld, under conditions of speed of welding significantly improves, the molten width of its weld seam basic with
Laser-MAG Combined Welding is suitable.
Claims (4)
1. a laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, is characterized in that: the method includes: by laser beam and GMA
Electric arc carries out composite welding according to the mode that paraxonic is compound, the effect of extra filling one root wire to laser-GMA composite heat power supply
Region, realizes the fusing of filler wire by the heat of composite heat power supply and molten bath, consumes the richness during hybrid laser-arc welding
Waste heat amount, improves welding deposition efficiency under conditions of not increasing arc power, improves weld structure performance, reduce welding
The heat input damage to material, reduces welding deformation；
Test mother metal is 6005A aluminium alloy extrusions, and section bar state is T6 state, and section bar specification is 1000 × 500 × 120 mm,
The thickness of slab of welding region is 4 mm, and joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing, offers 30 ° of grooves, and welding requirements root penetration also fills up the back of the body
The weldering bakie in face；Welding wire used is the ER5087 aluminium alloy welding wire of diameter of phi 1.2 mm, and welding process uses pulse MIC electricity
Arc, compound tense laser is front, and electric arc is rear, and the laser-MIG composite heat power supply landfilling area in implementation process send before being respectively adopted
Silk, middle wire feed and three kinds of different modes of rear wire feed, the welding parameter of front wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser merit
Rate 5000W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 7.0 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm；
The welding parameter of middle wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power 4500W, welding current 205A, filler wire
Wire feed rate 7.0 m/min, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm；The welding parameter of rear wire feeding mode: speed of welding
3.6 m/min, laser power 4500W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 5.5 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency
5 HZ, amplitude of oscillation 2mm；Laser instrument used is optical fiber laser, and protective gas is industry straight argon, shield gas flow rate 20 L/min,
Three kinds of laser-MIG composite heat power supplies silk filling weld seams of postwelding are respectively provided with good appearance of weld, wherein, front wire feed and middle wire feed side
The appearance of weld that formula obtains is more preferable, and compared with traditional laser-MIG Combined Welding, its speed of welding improves more than 1/3, weldering
Connect deformation less.
Laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: laser used
Device is Nd: YAG laser instrument, dish-like laser instrument, optical fiber laser, semiconductor laser or CO2Laser instrument.
3. a laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, is characterized in that: the method includes: by laser beam and GMA
Electric arc carries out composite welding according to the mode that paraxonic is compound, the effect of extra filling one root wire to laser-GMA composite heat power supply
Region, realizes the fusing of filler wire by the heat of composite heat power supply and molten bath, consumes the richness during hybrid laser-arc welding
Waste heat amount, improves welding deposition efficiency under conditions of not increasing arc power, improves weld structure performance, reduce welding
The heat input damage to material, reduces welding deformation；
Test mother metal is Q235 mild steel, and test plate (panel) specification is 300 × 120 × 10 mm, and welding wire used is diameter of phi 1.2 mm
ER50-6 gas shield welding wire, welding process uses pulse MAG electric arc, and compound tense laser is front, and electric arc is rear, and protective gas is
80%Ar+20%CO2, shield gas flow rate 20 L/min；Laser-MAG composite heat power supply filler wire welding parameter in implementation process:
Speed of welding 2.5m/min, laser power 2000W, welding current 280A, wire feed rate 6.0 m/min of filler wire, use
Front wire feeding mode, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 3 mm；Laser-MAG composite heat power supply landfilling area the sewer that postwelding obtains has
Extraordinary appearance of weld, under conditions of speed of welding significantly improves, the molten width of its weld seam is basic and laser-MAG Combined Welding
Quite.
4., according to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that: laser used
Device is Nd: YAG laser instrument, dish-like laser instrument, optical fiber laser, semiconductor laser or CO2Laser instrument.
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