CN101176954A - Laser electrical arc complex welding method for intensifying current magnetohydrodynamics effect - Google Patents
Laser electrical arc complex welding method for intensifying current magnetohydrodynamics effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser-arc hybrid welding method which reinforces dynamic effect of current and magnetic fluid, belonging to technical field of laser material processing. The invention is characterized in that: a synergistic arrangement of laser and electric arc is adopted and a filler wire is added simultaneously; wherein, the electric arc and the wire are arranged at both sides of a laser beam; the wire is arranged in the front and is contacted with a workpiece, and the electric arc is arranged at the back; the two polarities of the welding power are connected with a tungsten electrode and the wire respectively; the welding power forms a current loop by flowing through a weld pool and the electric arc by the wire, and most of the welding power flows through the weld pool and produces electromagnetic force. The invention has the advantages that the energy coupling efficiency and the stability in the welding process are both highly improved by fully utilizing influence of dynamic effect of arc current and magnetic fluid on the heat exchange situation and the flowing state of the weld pool, and the surface forming state of a weld joint is greatly improved because of the significantly improved tolerance of the electric arc arranging at the back of the weld pool to the wire fluctuation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of laser electrical arc complex welding method of intensifying current magnetohydrodynamicseffect effect, belongs to the Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht technical field.
Background technology
Laser weld has the energy density height, and speed of welding is fast, and hot input quantity is little, and welding deformation is little, and the outstanding advantage of the good grade of joint performance is considered to a kind of state-of-the-art material interconnection technique.But, because simple laser weld bridging is poor, to workpiece grooves prepare and assembly precision require highly, this has restricted the commercial Application of laser welding technology to a great extent.Late 1970s, the Britain scholar has proposed the notion of laser and the welding of TIG (non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding) arc composite heat source, and the laser-electric arc composite welding becomes one of forward position direction of laser welding technology research at present.
The laser-electric arc compound welding technology combines laser and electric arc advantage separately, the high-speed and good bridging of arc welding with laser weld, interaction by laser and electric arc, the stability and the appearance of weld of welding process significantly improve, bridging significantly improves, greatly reduce the requirement of groove preparation and assembly precision, simultaneously speed of welding is further improved, the simple laser weld of welding efficiency improves 60%.
ZL01118729.8 discloses a kind of method for laser welding that adopts auxiliary current, in laser beam welding, utilize the MHD effect of extra current, by changing and the flow regime in control molten bath and the heat exchange condition in molten bath, reach the effective rate of utilization of strengthening laser energy and improve working (machining) efficiency, improve stability and the improvement and the control appearance of weld of laser beam welding.Need a cover additional power source to provide auxiliary current to the weld zone in this case, because the weld seam after the welding is narrow, its gap adaptability is relatively poor simultaneously.
General laser-electric arc composite welding, a utmost point of arc power links to each other with workpiece, because electric arc self is dispersed, when electric current entered workpiece, the current density that flows through inside, molten bath was less.Because electric arc size is big, the current-density gradient that electric current enters behind the molten bath is also very little simultaneously.Therefore a little less than the MHD effect of arc current, its heat exchange condition effect to molten bath flow regime and molten bath is very little.
Summary of the invention
The present invention organically combines hybrid Laser-Arc Welding technology and the method for laser welding that adopts auxiliary current, on the basis of laser-electric arc composite welding, make arc current flow through the molten bath by filler wire, given full play to the MHD effect of arc current, molten bath flow regime and heat exchange condition are produced obviously influence, strengthen the energy coupling efficiency, improve the stability of welding process.Simultaneously utilize the good bridging of hybrid Laser-Arc Welding again, improved gap adaptability, the face of weld moulding is improved.
To achieve these goals, the present invention has taked following technical scheme.This method adopts the laser-electric arc cooperative arrangement, added filler wire 3 simultaneously, electric arc 10 and welding wire 3 are arranged in the both sides of laser beam 5 respectively, and welding wire 3 is positioned at the place ahead of laser beam 5, and contact from the molten bath 11 the place aheads with workpiece 13 and send into, electric arc 10 places the rear of laser beam 5; During welding, the two poles of the earth of the source of welding current 1 connect tungsten electrode 8 and welding wire 3 respectively.
Described electric arc 10 is for being TIG electric arc, perhaps plasma arc.
Basic principle of the present invention is: the two poles of the earth of the source of welding current 1 connect tungsten electrode 8 and welding wire 3 respectively during welding, welding wire 3 contacts with workpiece 13, send into molten bath 11 after the fusing, electric arc 10 forms between tungsten electrode 8 and workpiece 13, at this moment, welding current forms current loop from welding wire 3 through molten bath 11 and electric arc 10, and major part flows through welding pool 11, arc current produces the electromagnetic attraction that impels contraction in the molten bath, square being directly proportional of this electromagnetic force and current density.Simultaneously because the greatest differences of welding wire and workpiece volume, electric current enters the molten bath from the welding wire end and disperses rapidly, the inner current density that forms in molten bath is inhomogeneous, wherein the current density in the welding wire end is bigger, and the current density of bottom, molten bath is smaller, therefore in the molten bath, form the electromagnetic contractile force gradient that causes because of current density change, be that this uneven CURRENT DISTRIBUTION has produced the axial compressive force of pointing to the low current density district from high current density region, the barometric gradient that this electromagnetic contractile force that produces in welding pool forms will change the flow regime in molten bath and the heat exchange condition in molten bath, strengthen effective utilization of energy, improve working (machining) efficiency, improve the stability and the appearance of weld of welding process.Because resistance heat to the heat effect of welding wire 1, becomes easily the fusing of welding wire 3, improved energy utilization efficiency simultaneously.The electric arc that is positioned at the rear, molten bath in addition also can improve the surface forming of weld seam.
Enter the molten bath owing to arc current by welding wire among the present invention, the current density that flows through the molten bath is very big, electric current is dispersed in the molten bath fast simultaneously, produces bigger current-density gradient, has given full play to the influence of the MHD effect of arc current to welding process.Good weld seam bridging when having made full use of the laser-electric arc composite welding simultaneously obviously improves gap adaptability.Because electric arc is positioned at the rear, molten bath, can improve the surface forming situation of weld seam again simultaneously.Adopt this method can improve welding process stability, improve the face of weld moulding, increase gap adaptability, and utilized the MHD effect of arc current to greatest extent, improve the energy coupling, have very big commercial Application potentiality and development prospect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the composite welding device schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention
Fig. 2 (1) adopts welding effect of the present invention
Welding effect when Fig. 2 (2) adopts conventional laser-electric arc combined welding
Among the figure: 1, the source of welding current, 2, first welding cable, 3, welding wire, 4, wire feed chews, 5, laser beam 6, photo plasma and dark molten aperture; 7, protection gas, 8, tungsten electrode, 9, welding torch, 10, electric arc; 11, molten bath, 12, weld seam, 13, workpiece, 14, second welding cable.
The specific embodiment
The technical scheme of present embodiment is referring to accompanying drawing 1, adopt the laser-electric arc cooperative arrangement, added filler wire 3 simultaneously, electric arc 10 and welding wire 3 are arranged in the both sides of laser beam 5 respectively, wherein welding wire 3 is positioned at the place ahead of laser beam 5, electric arc 10 places the rear of laser beam 5, and wherein electric arc 10 can be TIG electric arc, also can be plasma arc.
During welding, the two poles of the earth of the source of welding current 1 connect tungsten electrode 8 and welding wire 3 respectively, and the welding current major part flows through molten bath 11 by welding wire 3, have strengthened the magnetohydrodynamics effect of arc current.Because square being directly proportional of electromagnetic force and current density, and have nothing to do with polarity, the kind of electric current, the source of welding current 1 can be direct current, interchange or the pulse power.
Welding effect comparison during below for the present invention and conventional laser-electric arc combined welding:
Fig. 2 (1), (2), be the welding effect contrast of composite welding of the present invention and conventional composite welding.Welding current all is 150A, records when wherein Fig. 2 (2) is for conventional composite welding.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, welding wire 3 connects the positive pole of electricity source for dc arc welding 1 by first welding cable 2, and welding torch 9 connects the negative pole of power supply 1 by second welding cable 14, tungsten electrode 8 and molten bath 11 during welding, and welding wire 3 forms current loops, and the welding current major part flows through the molten bath.The distance at electric arc 10 centers and laser beam 5 centers is 10mm, and tungsten electrode 8 terminal distances with workpiece 13 are 2mm.The workpiece material that welds among the embodiment is 6061 aluminium alloys, and thickness of slab is 3mm, and welding wire is the AlSi12 of diameter 1.2mm, adopts the CO of 3500W
2Laser beam 8 is compound with TIG electric arc 10, welding current 150A, and wire feed rate is 3m/min, speed of welding is 3m/min.Welding effect is shown in Fig. 2 (1).Compare the welding effect when similarity condition adopts conventional laser-electric arc combined welding (first welding cable 2 connects workpiece 13) down among Fig. 2 (2), adopt weld seam penetration effect of the present invention obviously to improve, back side projection 0.8mm; The back of weld width is 2.4mm, than having increased 1.5mm among Fig. 2 (2); Seam cross-section is long-pending compares Fig. 2 (2) has also increased by 50%, and welding efficiency obviously improves, and this is that the magnetic fluid effect of electric current has been strengthened the flow regime in molten bath and the heat exchange condition in molten bath because electric current flows through the molten bath by welding wire 3 major parts.Because 10 on electric arc and rear, molten bath can make molten wide increase, the gap adaptability of weld seam and surface forming have clear improvement again than the laser weld of auxiliary current simultaneously.
Claims (3)
1. the laser electrical arc complex welding method of an intensifying current magnetohydrodynamicseffect effect, adopt the laser-electric arc cooperative arrangement, added filler wire (3) simultaneously, it is characterized in that: electric arc (10) and welding wire (3) are arranged in the both sides of laser beam (5) respectively, welding wire (3) is positioned at the place ahead of laser beam (5), and contact from the molten bath (11) the place ahead with workpiece (13) and send into, electric arc (10) places the rear of laser beam (5); During welding, the two poles of the earth of the source of welding current (1) connect tungsten electrode (8) and welding wire (3) respectively.
2. according to the laser electrical arc complex welding method of claim 1 described a kind of intensifying current magnetohydrodynamicseffect effect, it is characterized in that: described electric arc (10) is for being TIG electric arc, perhaps plasma arc.
3. according to the laser electrical arc complex welding method of claim 1 described a kind of intensifying current magnetohydrodynamicseffect effect, it is characterized in that: Arc Welding Power (1) is direct current or the interchange or the pulse power.
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| CN 200710178923 CN100532000C (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2007-12-07 | Laser electrical arc complex welding method for intensifying current magnetohydrodynamics effect |
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| CN 200710178923 CN100532000C (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2007-12-07 | Laser electrical arc complex welding method for intensifying current magnetohydrodynamics effect |
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| CN102015193A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2011-04-13 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Composite welding method and composite welding apparatus |
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| CN110814552A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-02-21 | 渤海造船厂集团有限公司 | Scanning galvanometer laser-high frequency pulse TIG (tungsten inert gas) hybrid welding method |
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- 2007-12-07 CN CN 200710178923 patent/CN100532000C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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