CN103862177A - Laser-GMA (gas metal arc) hybrid heat source filler wire welding method - Google Patents
Laser-GMA (gas metal arc) hybrid heat source filler wire welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103862177A CN103862177A CN201410092005.1A CN201410092005A CN103862177A CN 103862177 A CN103862177 A CN 103862177A CN 201410092005 A CN201410092005 A CN 201410092005A CN 103862177 A CN103862177 A CN 103862177A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
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- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Compared with conventional gas metal arc welding (GMAW), a laser-GMA (gas metal arc) hybrid heat source filler wire welding method has the technical advantages of high welding speed, low welding heat input, tiny welding deformation, great weld penetration, easiness in implementing one-side welding with back formation, joint microstructure refinement, joint property enhancement and the like. A laser beam and a GMA are adopted to carry out hybrid welding according to a paraxial combination manner, a welding wire is then additionally arranged into the acting area of a laser-GMA hybrid heat source, the heat of the hybrid heat source and a weld crater is utilized to melt the filler wire, surplus heat in the process of hybrid heat source welding is dissipated, the efficiency of welding deposition is increased under the condition of not increasing arc power, weld metal microstructure properties are improved, the injury of material caused by welding heat input is reduced, and welding deformation is reduced. The laser-GMA hybrid heat source filler wire welding method is used for laser-GMA hybrid heat source filler wire welding.
Description
technical field:
the present invention relates to a kind of laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method.
background technology:
laser-GMA arc composite heat source solder technology is a kind of Advanced Welding Technique of high-efficiency high-quality at present; compared with traditional gas metal-arc welding (GMAW); have that speed of welding is fast, sweating heat input is low, welding deformation is little, weld penetration is large, be easy to realize one side welding with back formation, refinement joint microstructure, improve the technological merits, particularly this welding method such as joint performance and can under high-speed welding condition, realize the characteristic that electric arc high stable welds and make this welding method in the welding of middle thin plate, there is significant technical advantage.While utilizing this process to carry out workpiece welding, in order effectively to control welding deformation, should make full use of the feature of this process high-speed welding, improve as far as possible speed of welding, but under high-speed welding condition in order to improve deposition efficiency, generally can increase the power of GMA electric arc to obtain the larger deposited amount of welding wire, but this method that improves deposited metal amount by increasing GMA arc power tends to make molten pool metal overheated, have a strong impact on appearance of weld, even cause subsiding of weld seam, the defects such as undercut, cause the damage of joint performance and tissue simultaneously.As can be seen here, for laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding technique, the conventional method that improves deposition efficiency by increasing arc power has very large drawback and technical limitation, becomes the technical bottleneck of the higher welding efficiency of this welding technique acquisition of restriction.
summary of the invention:
the present invention proposes a kind of laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, further promotes the usefulness of this welding technique.
above-mentioned object realizes by following technical scheme:
laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, laser beam and GMA electric arc are carried out to composite welding according to the compound mode of paraxonic, additionally fill again the zone of action of a root wire to laser-GMA composite heat power supply, realize the fusing of filler wire by the heat in composite heat power supply and molten bath, consume the heat more than needed in composite heat power supply welding process, under the condition that does not increase arc power, improve welding deposition efficiency, improve weld structure performance, reduce sweating heat and input the damage to material, reduce welding deformation.
described laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, the Combined Mining of described laser and GMA electric arc with laser in front, the posterior complex method of electric arc or adopt electric arc in front, the posterior complex method of laser, the position of sending to of welding wire is sent to or is sent to from the centre position of laser beam and electric arc or send to from the rear portion of welding direction from welding direction front end, described filler wire on perpendicular to welding direction along wire oscillation frequency at 0～100 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation is at 0-5 mm.Swing, sprawl well with weld metal after guaranteeing filler wire.
described laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, the diameter of described filler wire is Φ 0.8 mm～Φ 1.6 mm, wire feed rate 1.0～15.0 m/min of described filler wire, speed of welding 0.5～5.0 m/min, welding current 50～350A, laser power>=500 W, chevilled silk spacing is within the scope of 1～8 mm.
described laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, laser instrument used is Nd:YAG laser instrument, dish-like laser instrument, optical fiber laser, semiconductor laser or CO
2
laser instrument.
described laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, test mother metal is 6005A aluminium alloy extrusions, section bar state is T6 state, section bar specification is 1000 × 500 × 120 mm, the thickness of slab of welding region is 4 mm, joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing, offers 30 ° of grooves, and welding requirements root penetration also fills up the weldering bakie at the back side; Welding wire used is the ER5087 aluminium alloy welding wire of diameter of phi 1.2 mm, and welding process adopts pulse MIC electric arc, and compound tense laser is front, and electric arc is rear.Laser-MIG Composite Welding parameter in implementation process: speed of welding 2.6 m/min, laser power 3600W, welding current 205A; Laser-MIG composite heat power supply fills silk to weld and has adopted respectively front wire feed, middle wire feed and three kinds of different modes of rear wire feed, the welding parameter of front wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power 5000W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 7.0 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm; The welding parameter of middle wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power 4500W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 7.0 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm; The welding parameter of rear wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power 4500W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 5.5 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm; Laser instrument used is optical fiber laser, and protective gas is industrial straight argon, shield gas flow rate 20 L/min; Three kinds of laser-MIG composite heat power supplies silk filling weld seams of postwelding all have good appearance of weld, wherein, the appearance of weld that front wire feed and middle wire feeding mode obtain is better, compared with traditional laser-MIG hybrid welding, its speed of welding has improved more than 1/3, and welding deformation is less.
described laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, test mother metal is Q235 mild steel, test plate (panel) specification is 300 × 120 × 10 mm, welding wire used is the ER50-6 gas shield welding wire of diameter of phi 1.2 mm, welding process adopts pulse MIC electric arc, and compound tense laser is front, and electric arc is rear.Laser instrument used is optical fiber laser, and protective gas is 80%Ar+20%CO
2
, shield gas flow rate 20 L/min; Laser-MIG Composite Welding parameter in implementation process: speed of welding 1.5 m/min, laser power 2000W, welding current 280A.Laser-MAG composite heat power supply silk filling welding parameter: speed of welding 2.5m/min, laser power 2000W, welding current 280A, wire feed rate 6.0 m/min of filler wire, wire feeding mode before adopting, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 3 mm; Laser-MAG composite heat power supply that postwelding obtains weld seam that fills silk has extraordinary appearance of weld, under the condition obviously improving in speed of welding, and its weld seam molten wide substantially suitable with laser-MAG Combined Welding.
beneficial effect:
laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method is compared with traditional gas metal-arc welding (GMAW); have that speed of welding is fast, sweating heat input is low, welding deformation is little, weld penetration is large, be easy to realize one side welding with back formation, refinement joint microstructure, improve the technological merits, particularly this welding method such as joint performance and can under high-speed welding condition, realize the characteristic that electric arc high stable welds and make this welding method in the welding of middle thin plate, there is significant technical advantage.
do not increasing under the prerequisite of GMA arc power, take full advantage of the inherent characteristics that composite heat power supply welding method heat-source energy is concentrated, the thermal efficiency is high, bath temperature is high, by extra filler wire and utilize the heat more than needed of welding process to realize the fusing of welding wire, thereby increase the welding wire deposition efficiency of welding process, to meet laser-GMA electrical arc composite heat source welding method demand to high deposition efficiency under high-speed welding condition, improve speed of welding, reduce welding deformation, improve welding quality.
accompanying drawing explanation:
accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of wire feed scheme before the present invention.
accompanying drawing 2 is schematic diagrames of wire feed scheme in the middle of the present invention.
accompanying drawing 3 is schematic diagrames of wire feed scheme after the present invention.
the specific embodiment:
embodiment 1:
a kind of laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, laser beam and GMA electric arc are carried out to composite welding according to the compound mode of paraxonic, additionally fill again the zone of action of a root wire to laser-GMA composite heat power supply, realize the fusing of filler wire by the heat in composite heat power supply and molten bath, consume the heat more than needed in composite heat power supply welding process, under the condition that does not increase arc power, improve welding deposition efficiency, improve weld structure performance, reduce sweating heat and input the damage to material, reduce welding deformation.
embodiment 2:
according to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method described in embodiment 1, the Combined Mining of described laser and GMA electric arc uses laser front, the posterior complex method of electric arc or employing electric arc are front, the posterior complex method of laser, the sending position to and can send to or send to from the centre position of laser beam and electric arc or send to from the rear portion of welding direction from welding direction front end of welding wire, described filler wire can be along wire oscillation frequency at 0～100 HZ on perpendicular to welding direction, and the amplitude of oscillation is at 0-5 mm.Swing, sprawl well with weld metal after guaranteeing filler wire.
embodiment 3:
according to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method described in embodiment 1 or 2, the diameter of described filler wire is Φ 0.8 mm～Φ 1.6 mm, wire feed rate 1.0～15.0 m/min of described filler wire, speed of welding 0.5～5.0 m/min, welding current 50～350A, laser power>=500 W, chevilled silk spacing is within the scope of 1～8 mm.
embodiment 4:
according to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3, laser instrument used is Nd:YAG laser instrument, dish-like laser instrument, optical fiber laser, semiconductor laser or CO2 laser instrument.
embodiment 5:
according to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, utilize said method to carry out the welding of 6005A aluminium alloy extrusions, and the result of welding result and conventional laser-MIG Combined Welding is contrasted.Test mother metal is 6005A aluminium alloy extrusions, and section bar state is T6 state, and section bar specification is 1000 × 500 × 120 mm, the thickness of slab of welding region is 4 mm, joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing, offers 30 ° of grooves, and welding requirements root penetration also fills up the weldering bakie at the back side.Welding wire used is the ER5087 aluminium alloy welding wire of diameter of phi 1.2 mm, and welding process adopts pulse MIC electric arc, and compound tense laser is front, and electric arc is rear.Laser-MIG Composite Welding parameter in implementation process: speed of welding 2.6 m/min, laser power 3600W, welding current 205A.Laser-MIG composite heat power supply fills silk to weld and has adopted respectively front wire feed, middle wire feed and three kinds of different modes of rear wire feed, the welding parameter of front wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power 5000W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 7.0 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm; The welding parameter of middle wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power 4500W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 7.0 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm; The welding parameter of rear wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power 4500W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 5.5 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm.Laser instrument used is optical fiber laser, and protective gas is industrial straight argon, shield gas flow rate 20 L/min.Three kinds of laser-MIG composite heat power supplies silk filling weld seams of postwelding all have good appearance of weld, wherein, the appearance of weld that front wire feed and middle wire feeding mode obtain is better, compared with traditional laser-MIG hybrid welding, its speed of welding has improved more than 1/3, and welding deformation is less.
embodiment 6:
according to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method one of embodiment 1-5 Suo Shu, utilize said method on Q235 test plate (panel), to carry out respectively the contrast test of laser-MAG composite heat power supply built-up welding and laser-MAG composite heat power supply silk filling built-up welding.Test mother metal is Q235 mild steel, and test plate (panel) specification is 300 × 120 × 10 mm, and welding wire used is the ER50-6 gas shield welding wire of diameter of phi 1.2 mm, and welding process adopts pulse MIC electric arc, and compound tense laser is front, and electric arc is rear.Laser instrument used is optical fiber laser, and protective gas is 80%Ar+20%CO
2
, shield gas flow rate 20 L/min.Laser-MIG Composite Welding parameter in implementation process: speed of welding 1.5 m/min, laser power 2000W, welding current 280A.Laser-MAG composite heat power supply silk filling welding parameter: speed of welding 2.5m/min, laser power 2000W, welding current 280A, wire feed rate 6.0 m/min of filler wire, wire feeding mode before adopting, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 3 mm.Laser-MAG composite heat power supply that postwelding obtains weld seam that fills silk has extraordinary appearance of weld, under the condition obviously improving in speed of welding, and its weld seam molten wide substantially suitable with laser-MAG Combined Welding.
Claims (6)
1. laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method, it is characterized in that: the method comprises: laser beam and GMA electric arc are carried out to composite welding according to the compound mode of paraxonic, the extra zone of action of a root wire to laser-GMA composite heat power supply of filling, realize the fusing of filler wire by the heat in composite heat power supply and molten bath, consume the heat more than needed in composite heat power supply welding process, under the condition that does not increase arc power, improve welding deposition efficiency, improve weld structure performance, reduce sweating heat and input the damage to material, reduce welding deformation.
2. laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the Combined Mining of described laser and GMA electric arc laser is front, the posterior complex method of electric arc or employing electric arc are front, the posterior complex method of laser, the position of sending to of described welding wire is sent to or is sent to from the centre position of laser beam and electric arc or send to from the rear portion of welding direction from welding direction front end, the welding wire of described filling on perpendicular to welding direction along wire oscillation frequency at 0～100 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation swings at 0-5 mm, sprawl well with weld metal after guaranteeing filler wire.
3. laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described filler wire is 0.8～1.6 mm, wire feed rate 1.0～15.0 m/min of described filler wire, speed of welding 0.5～5.0 m/min, welding current 50～350A, laser power >=500 W, chevilled silk spacing is within the scope of 1～8 mm.
4. according to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: laser instrument used is Nd:YAG laser instrument, dish-like laser instrument, optical fiber laser, semiconductor laser or CO2 laser instrument.
5. according to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: test mother metal is 6005A aluminium alloy extrusions, section bar state is T6 state, section bar specification is 1000 × 500 × 120 mm, the thickness of slab of welding region is 4 mm, joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing, offers 30 ° of grooves, and welding requirements root penetration also fills up the weldering bakie at the back side; Welding wire used is the ER5087 aluminium alloy welding wire of diameter of phi 1.2 mm, and welding process adopts pulse MIC electric arc, and compound tense laser is front, electric arc is rear, Laser-MIG Composite Welding parameter in implementation process: speed of welding 2.6 m/min, laser power 3600W, welding current 205A; Laser-MIG composite heat power supply fills silk to weld and has adopted respectively front wire feed, middle wire feed and three kinds of different modes of rear wire feed, the welding parameter of front wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power 5000W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 7.0 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm; The welding parameter of middle wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power 4500W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 7.0 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm; The welding parameter of rear wire feeding mode: speed of welding 3.6 m/min, laser power 4500W, welding current 205A, wire feed rate 5.5 m/min of filler wire, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 2 mm; Laser instrument used is optical fiber laser; protective gas is industrial straight argon; shield gas flow rate 20 L/min; three kinds of laser-MIG composite heat power supplies silk filling weld seams of postwelding all have good appearance of weld; wherein, the appearance of weld that front wire feed and middle wire feeding mode obtain is better, compared with traditional laser-MIG hybrid welding; its speed of welding has improved more than 1/3, and welding deformation is less.
6. according to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding with filler wire method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4; it is characterized in that: test mother metal is Q235 mild steel; test plate (panel) specification is 300 × 120 × 10 mm; welding wire used is the ER50-6 gas shield welding wire of diameter of phi 1.2 mm; welding process adopts pulse MIC electric arc, and compound tense laser is front, and electric arc is rear; laser instrument used is optical fiber laser, and protective gas is 80%Ar+20%CO
2, shield gas flow rate 20 L/min; Laser-MIG Composite Welding parameter in implementation process: speed of welding 1.5 m/min, laser power 2000W, welding current 280A, laser-MAG composite heat power supply silk filling welding parameter: speed of welding 2.5m/min, laser power 2000W, welding current 280A, wire feed rate 6.0 m/min of filler wire, wire feeding mode before adopting, wire oscillation frequency 5 HZ, the amplitude of oscillation 3 mm; Laser-MAG composite heat power supply that postwelding obtains weld seam that fills silk has extraordinary appearance of weld, under the condition obviously improving in speed of welding, and its weld seam molten wide substantially suitable with laser-MAG Combined Welding.
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| CN104907696A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-16 | 广东省工业技术研究院(广州有色金属研究院) | Laser-arc hybrid welding method with welding current value considered |
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