CN105437677A - 一种防化学试剂面料及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种防化学试剂面料及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN105437677A
CN105437677A CN201610043787.9A CN201610043787A CN105437677A CN 105437677 A CN105437677 A CN 105437677A CN 201610043787 A CN201610043787 A CN 201610043787A CN 105437677 A CN105437677 A CN 105437677A
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fabric
chemical reagent
weaving cloth
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ptfe
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CN105437677B (zh
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陈太球
蒋春燕
王炳来
巫瑛
叶远丽
王鸿博
傅佳佳
高卫东
周玲
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Jiangnan University
Swoto Protection and Technology Co Ltd
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Swoto Protection and Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种防化学试剂面料由里及表包括竹炭黏胶纤维和涤纶的机织物、聚四氟乙烯涂层，芳纶和聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布、PTFE覆膜。聚四氟乙烯涂层涂饰在复合非织造布的里侧，机织物使用粘合剂压合在复合非织造布3的聚四氟乙烯涂层的一侧，最后将PTFE覆膜热熔压覆在复合非织造布3的另一侧，经热轧定型为连续波浪形后成为具有防化学试剂的面料。本发明的面料不仅能够阻止无机化学试剂对人体的侵害，还能减少有机溶剂对人体的危害，波浪定型对于化学试剂的冲击抵抗力更强。

Description

一种防化学试剂面料及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种面料，具体涉及一种具有防化学药品试剂的服装面料。。
背景技术
现如今人们生活水平越来越高，对于服装的性能就有更高的要求。现代生活中我们接触的化学药品越来越多，化工、冶金、矿产、地质、电镀、印染，造纸等行业和酸碱、化学药剂接触的工种与化学药品经常接触，这就要求服装要有一定的防化学试剂的性能。本发明涉及服装面料功能性的防化学试剂方面，旨在提出一种防化学服装面料加工的新思路。
目前，防化学试剂的面料大多是只防无机试剂，如酸碱，面料一般是涤棉混纺得到的，抗冲击力不是很好，对于有机溶剂的侵蚀时，对人体的保护性低。
本发明主要是应用于长时间接触化学药品的领域，减少化学药剂对人体的伤害，延长药液渗透到皮肤的时间。通过一定的处理使得化学药品在服装表面不粘附及在化学药品侵蚀后，服装的强力变化较小。本发明不同于以往大多数的涤棉混纺，而采用涤纶和竹炭黏胶纤维进行混纺并添加阻燃和耐化学渗透的复合膜，通过特殊的覆膜加工，使得面料表面的覆膜抵抗有机试剂侵蚀时，耐冲击力更强。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对上述现有技术提供一种具有防化学试剂服装面料及其制造方法，该面料具有良好的耐化学腐蚀性能。
本发明解决上述问题所采用的技术方案为：一种防化学试剂面料，包括由内而外依次设置的竹炭黏胶纤维和涤纶的机织物、PTFE涂层、芳纶或玻纤与聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布和PTFE覆膜。
上述防化学试剂面料的制造方法，包括如下步骤，
（1）对纳米竹炭粉进行低温等离子表面处理，低温等离子体的温度为103K～104K，然后制得分布均匀的竹炭桨乳后，再与黏胶纺丝液混匀，进行湿法纺丝得到竹炭黏胶纤维，使得纤维外层有一定的沟槽，使得纤维吸附化学试剂的能力更强；
（2）将步骤1制得的竹炭黏胶纤维与涤纶混纺制得竹炭黏胶纤维和涤纶的机织物，竹炭黏胶纤维具有独特的孔隙分布特征,有很强的吸、放湿能力；
（3）将芳纶和聚苯硫醚混匀，芳纶也可以用玻纤代替，采用针刺法制得芳纶和聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布，再于复合非织造布的内表面涂抹PTFE浆料，经烘干形成PTFE涂层；
（4）将步骤2的机织物粘合到步骤3的复合非织造布的PTFE涂层一侧；
（5）通过热压熔复合技术在复合非织造布的外表面上覆PTFE覆膜，温度为180±5℃、压力为0.4±0.05Mpa，该PTFE覆膜的厚度为3～4μm；
（6）将步骤5得到的织物进行热轧定型，保持住波浪形，热轧定型的参数：压力为0.4±0.05MPa，温度为120～160℃，面料前进的速度为3.5±0.5m/min。
所述芳纶和聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布中芳纶的质量份数为30～40%，剩余为聚苯硫醚。
优选地，步骤5中，将聚四氟乙烯膨化成多微孔性的PTFE薄膜，然后通过热压熔复合技术覆在所述的复合非织造布外表面。进一步地，在对所述复合非织造布的外表面覆膜前，采用涂抹聚四氟乙烯的方式进行表面化学处理。
竹炭黏胶纤维是改善传统的黏胶制备工艺，将竹炭粉进行纳米级表面处理，分散均匀的竹炭浆乳液添加到黏胶中，然后将混合液进行纺丝和拉伸定型，得到竹炭粘胶纤维。竹炭粘胶纤维具有独特的孔隙分布特征,有很强的吸、放湿能力。
步骤2中所述涤纶与竹炭黏胶纤维的混纺比为65/35。
芳纶和聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布，芳纶占35%，聚苯硫醚占65%。
竹炭粘胶纤维具有独特的孔隙分布特征,有很强的吸、放湿能力。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：提供了一种多层结构的防化学试剂面料，由表及里为，表层的PTFE膜，内层的芳纶和聚苯硫醚的非织造布，再及里是竹炭黏胶纤维和涤纶混纺的面料。最后将面料定型为表面呈现www的小波浪的形状。
本发明的面料不仅能够阻止无机化学试剂对人体的侵害，还能减少有机溶剂对人体的危害。采用了竹炭黏胶纤维，对有害气体有一定的吸收固定作用，防止渗入，采用的PTFE薄膜耐高温，耐化学腐蚀。采用的芳纶和聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布具有耐高温、耐酸碱腐蚀、耐化学腐蚀、阻燃或是绝缘的性能，更加阻止化学试剂对人体的伤害。波浪定型对于化学试剂的冲击抵抗力更强。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中化学试剂面料的截面示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1
本实施例中的防化学试剂面料由里及表包括竹炭黏胶纤维和涤纶的机织物1、聚四氟乙烯涂层2，芳纶1414和聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布3、PTFE覆膜4。聚四氟乙烯涂层2涂饰在复合非织造布3的里侧，机织物1使用粘合剂压合在复合非织造布3的聚四氟乙烯涂层的一侧，最后将PTFE覆膜4热熔压覆在复合非织造布3的另一侧，经热轧定型为连续波浪形后成为具有防化学试剂的面料。
具体制造步骤为，
（1）对纳米竹炭粉进行低温等离子表面处理，低温等离子体的温度为103K～104K，然后制得分布均匀的竹炭桨乳后，再与黏胶纺丝液混匀，进行湿法纺丝得到竹炭黏胶纤维，使得纤维外层有一定的沟槽，使得纤维吸附化学试剂的能力更强；
（2）将步骤1制得的竹炭黏胶纤维与涤纶混纺制得竹炭黏胶纤维和涤纶的机织物，竹炭黏胶纤维的细度为6dtex，涤纶为1.78dtex，分别纺为纱线，作为机织物的经纬纱，涤纶与竹炭黏胶纤维的混纺比为65/35，竹炭黏胶纤维具有独特的孔隙分布特征,有很强的吸、放湿能力；
（3）将35%的芳纶1414和65%的聚苯硫醚混匀，采用针刺法制得芳纶1414和聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布，再于复合非织造布的内表面刮涂一层PTFE浆料，经烘干形成PTFE涂层，涂层后芳纶和聚苯硫醚复合非织造布更加耐高温，耐化学试剂的腐蚀；
（4）将步骤2的机织物粘合到步骤3的复合非织造布的PTFE涂层一侧，粘合剂为聚氨酯粘合剂；
（5）通过热压熔复合技术在复合非织造布的外表面上覆PTFE覆膜，先用PTFE对非织造布进行表面化学处理，然后将复合非织造布与微孔PTFE膜在高温高压条件下（温度为180±5℃、压力为0.4±0.05Mpa）通过高温热压复合机中的一对高温热压辊，复合成一个整体。经过高温热压复合过的复合非织造布透气性增加，强度变大，该PTFE覆膜的厚度为3～4μm；
（6）将步骤5得到的织物进行热轧定型，保持住波浪形，热轧定型的参数：压力为0.4±0.05MPa，温度为120～160℃，面料前进的速度为3.5±0.5m/min。
面料在经过上述处理后，对面料进行相关的性能测试，测试结果如下表1所示。
表1
特性 测试方法 测试结果
抗张强度（MD） ASTM D5034 31.1lbs
（CD） 22.0lbs
撕裂强度（MD） INDA IST 100.2 11.8lbs
（CD） 7.3lbs
延伸率 （MD） ASTM D5034 70%
（CD) 90%
燃烧测试 CP CS1610 一级
防化学试剂 AATCC 127-1998 178cm
粒子隔离（0.3-0.5μm） 独立实验室 100%
血液穿透 ASTMF1670 通过
实施例2
与实施例1的不同之处为，涤纶和竹炭黏胶纤维的机织物是分别采用涤纶和竹炭黏胶纤维的单纱作为经纬纱线，进行经纬交织得到的机织物，涤纶的细度采用1.78dtex，竹炭黏胶纤维的细度1.2dtex。
以玻璃纤维代替芳纶1414，玻璃纤维和聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布是分别将35%的玻璃纤维和65%的聚苯硫醚在混棉机中混匀，采用针刺法制得复合非织造布。
以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式和优选实施例，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种防化学试剂面料，其特征在于：包括由内而外依次设置的竹炭黏胶纤维和涤纶的机织物（1）、PTFE涂层（2）、芳纶或玻璃纤维与聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布（3）、PTFE覆膜（4）。
2.一种制造权利要求1所述防化学试剂面料的方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤，
（1）对纳米竹炭粉进行等离子体表面处理后制得分布均匀的竹炭桨乳后，再与黏胶纺丝液混匀，进行湿法纺丝得到竹炭黏胶纤维；
（2）将步骤1制得的涤纶与竹炭黏胶纤维混纺制得竹炭黏胶纤维和涤纶的机织物；
（3）将芳纶或玻纤和聚苯硫醚混匀，采用针刺法制得芳纶和聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布，再于复合非织造布的内表面涂抹PTFE浆料，经烘干形成PTFE涂层；
（4）将步骤2的机织物粘合到步骤3的复合非织造布的PTFE涂层一侧；
（5）通过热压熔复合技术在复合非织造布的外表面上覆PTFE覆膜，温度为180±5℃、压力为0.4±0.05Mpa；
（6）将步骤5得到的织物进行热轧定型，保持住波浪形。
3.根据权利要求2所述的防化学试剂面料，其特征在于：所述芳纶或玻纤与聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布中芳纶或玻纤的质量份数为30～40%，剩余为聚苯硫醚。
4.根据权利要求3所述的防化学试剂面料，其特征在于：所述芳纶或玻纤与聚苯硫醚的复合非织造布中芳纶或玻纤的质量份数为35%，聚苯硫醚的质量份数为65%。
5.根据权利要求2所述的防化学试剂面料，其特征在于：步骤5中，将聚四氟乙烯膨化成多微孔性的PTFE薄膜，然后通过热压熔复合技术覆在所述的复合非织造布外表面。
6.根据权利要求2或5所述的防化学试剂面料，其特征在于：在对所述复合非织造布的外表面覆膜前，采用涂抹聚四氟乙烯的方式进行表面化学处理。
7.根据权利要求2或5所述的防化学试剂面料，其特征在于：所述PTFE覆膜（4）的厚度为3～4μm。
8.根据权利要求2所述的防化学试剂面料，其特征在于：步骤6中热轧定型的参数：压力为0.4±0.05MPa，温度为120～160℃，面料前进的速度为3.5±0.5m/min。
9.根据权利要求2所述的防化学试剂面料，其特征在于：步骤2中所述涤纶与竹炭黏胶纤维的混纺比为65/35。
10.根据权利要求2所述的防化学试剂面料，其特征在于：步骤4中机织物用聚氨酯粘合剂粘合到复合非织造布的PTFE涂层一侧。
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