CN105420515A - Process and device for melting laterite-nickel ore in oxygen-enriched reinforcement melting pool to obtain ferronickel - Google Patents
Process and device for melting laterite-nickel ore in oxygen-enriched reinforcement melting pool to obtain ferronickel Download PDFInfo
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- CN105420515A CN105420515A CN201610014432.7A CN201610014432A CN105420515A CN 105420515 A CN105420515 A CN 105420515A CN 201610014432 A CN201610014432 A CN 201610014432A CN 105420515 A CN105420515 A CN 105420515A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
- C22B23/023—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes with formation of ferro-nickel or ferro-cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process and a device for melting laterite-nickel ore in an oxygen-enriched reinforcement melting pool to obtain ferronickel. According to the process, the laterite-nickel ore is dried first; the dried laterite-nickel ore, a solvent and conny are subjected to burdening; the materials subjected to burdening are added into a melting pool melting furnace for melting, and oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 85%-99% at the temperature between 600 DEG C and 800 DEG C is blown into melt in the furnace; the melt output from the melting pool melting furnace flows into a melting pool reduction furnace, a reducing agent is added, oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 60%-85% at the temperature between 600 DEG C and 800 DEG C is blown into the melt in the furnace, the coefficient of excess of the oxygen-enriched air to the reducing agent is controlled between 0.4 and 0.5, and slag and a ferronickel alloy containing 15-30% of nickel are generated through a reaction of the melt. The process has the advantages that the flow is short, energy consumption is low, investment is saved, the nickel grade of the product is high, automatic control of the process can be achieved, and production efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of smelting technology about non-ferrous metal nickel and device thereof, more specifically a kind of adopt oxygen enrichment to strengthen bath smelting laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel alloy technique and special CSC(bath smelting furnace title) smelting apparatus.
Background technology
Nickel is a kind of silvery white metal, has good mechanical property, has a wide range of applications in national defence, aviation and daily life; Especially at field indispensable metals especially such as production stainless steel and refractory steels.Current nickel mainly obtains from two kinds of nickel-containing minerals, and one is nickel sulfide ore, and another kind is red soil nickel ore, and wherein 60% metallic nickel comes from nickel sulfide ore.Along with the minimizing of nickel sulfide ore is even exhausted, development and utilization red soil nickel ore obtains great attention.
The method of current process red soil nickel ore can be divided into wet method and pyrogenic process, and wet method has pressurized acid leaching (HPLA) and reducing roasting---ammonia leaching (RRAL).Pyrometallurgical smelting method can be divided into ferronickel technique and nickel matte technique, and ferronickel technique refers to and adopts blast furnace or electric furnace reduction melting to obtain Rhometal, and nickel matte technique refers to additional vulcanizing agent, carries out making sulfonium and slag making, obtain intermediates low nickel matte in production process.Low nickel matte blow further can obtain nickeliferous more than 75% converter mattes.The equipment of pyrometallurgical smelting mainly contains blast furnace, and the type of furnace smelted by electric furnace, rotary kiln, blast furnace etc.Adopt blasting smelting, material needs first to sinter, and to powder bad adaptability, consume a large amount of cokes in production process, site environment is seriously polluted.Direct reduction process for rotary kiln, rotary kiln refractory materials is shorter for work-ing life, and operating rate is low; Electrosmelting is a kind of cleaner smelting technology, but electric furnace energy consumption is high, and installation load is large, and the area for power tense is difficult to carry out.The a large amount of metallurgical coke of blast-furnace smelting consumption, the nickeliferous grade of Rhometal product is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the existing technical disadvantages of non-ferrous metal nickel pyrometallurgical smelting, there is provided a kind of effective smelting red clay nickel ore to obtain technique and the device thereof of ferronickel, solve energy consumption in current nickel pyrometallurgical smelting process high, environmental pollution is serious, long flow path, the problems such as material bad adaptability.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of technique adopting oxygen enrichment to strengthen bath smelting red soil nickel ore acquisition ferronickel, comprises the following steps:
1) red soil nickel ore is dry;
2) dried red soil nickel ore, flux and broken coal are prepared burden;
3) material prepared is added to bath smelting smelting furnace and carries out melting, by containing oxygen 85% ~ 99%(volume), temperature is that the oxygen-rich air of 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C to blast in stove in melt;
4) melt of bath smelting smelting furnace output flows into bath smelting reduction furnace by chute, add reductive agent, by containing oxygen 60% ~ 85%(volume), temperature is that the oxygen-rich air of 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C to blast in stove in melt, control oxygen-rich air be 0.4 ~ 0.5 to the coefficient of excess of reductive agent, fusant reaction generate nickeliferous 15 ~ 30%(quality) Rhometal and slag.
Further, red soil nickel ore is dried to moisture 12% ~ 15%(quality).Smelting slag type is CaO/SiO
2=0.6 ~ 1.2(mass ratio), (CaO+MgO)/SiO
2=1.1 ~ 1.4.Step 2) the batching mass ratio of red soil nickel ore and broken coal is 1:(0.25 ~ 0.35).Prepare the rear pressure ball molding of material, diameter is 15 ~ 30mm, and then adds bath smelting smelting furnace.Described reductive agent is broken coal.
Further, oxygen-rich air becomes the tuyere of 0 ~ 15 ° to blast by bath smelting smelting furnace or bath smelting reduction furnace both sides with level.
Further, from the oxygen-rich air that bath smelting smelting furnace both sides tuyere blasts, the wind speed of wind nozzle outlet is 220 ~ 320m/s, and oxygen-rich air is 1.05 ~ 1.10 to the coefficient of excess of fuel, smelting temperature is 1450 ~ 1650 DEG C, and material is not less than 1 hour at residing time in furnace.
Further, from the oxygen-rich air that bath smelting reduction furnace both sides tuyere blasts, the wind speed of wind nozzle outlet is 180 ~ 280m/s, and oxygen-rich air blasts the slag blanket of melt, and retailoring temperature is 1450 ~ 1650 DEG C, and melt is not less than 45min at residing time in furnace.
Further, blast the oxygen-rich air containing oxygen 40% ~ 60% (volume) by the secondary tuyere on bath smelting reduction furnace, burner hearth top CO.
Adopt oxygen enrichment to strengthen a device for bath smelting red soil nickel ore acquisition ferronickel, this device comprises bath smelting smelting furnace, bath smelting reduction furnace and connects the chute of two stoves; The restoration of lower stack of bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace is spliced by 2 ~ 3 layers of copper cooling piece of edge brick, stands on above cupola well; The masonry that the upper shaft structure dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece of employing of bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace and refractory materials are made alternately is built by laying bricks or stones and is formed; The shaft both sides of bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace are provided with and are no less than two tuyere apparatus for violent stirring molten bath, and tuyere and level are 0 ~ 15 ° of angle; The bath smelting reduction furnace both sides copper cooling piece of top layer edge brick is provided with and is no less than two secondary tuyeres, and secondary tuyere is from the horizontal by 12 ° ~ 30 ° angles.
Further, bath smelting smelting furnace setting position is higher than bath smelting reduction furnace, and bath smelting smelting furnace melt flow to bath smelting reduction furnace automatically by chute.
Further, bath smelting smelting furnace shaft both sides to external expansion, in vertical direction with 7 ° ~ 10 ° extended corners, to reduce air velocity, reduce dust rate from the copper cooling piece of second layer edge brick.Bath smelting reduction furnace shaft both sides from second layer edge brick copper cooling piece to external expansion, in vertical direction with 7 ° ~ 15 ° extended corners, to meet secondary combustion space requirement.
Further, bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace cross-sectional area ratio are 1.4 ~ 1.6:1.Dilatation joint is provided with between the superiors edge copper cooling piece top of brick and upper shaft structure.The refractory surface of masonry forms flux shielding layer.Bath smelting smelting furnace melt siphon is provided with, for continuous slagging bottom bath smelting smelting furnace.Bath smelting reduction furnace bottom end is provided with siphon room, puts Rhometal for continuous slagging and punching interruption.
The present invention adopts oxygen enrichment to strengthen the technique of bath smelting laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel alloy, has that flow process is short, energy consumption is low, reduced investment, product are nickeliferous of high grade, can implementation procedure Automated condtrol, production efficiency high.Specifically, present invention process and special CSC smelting apparatus thereof have following characteristics or advantage compared with prior art:
(1) whole technological process is using coal as fuel and reductive agent, briquet replacing coke (blast furnace or blast furnace smelting) or electricity (electrosmelting), and adopt the high density oxygen enrichment strengthening bath smelting of preheating, specific capacity is up to 110t/m
2d;
(2) in CSC reduction furnace reduction process, in stove, melt temperature is even, melting bath stirring is even, there is not electrode band local superheating district in electrosmelting process, therefore a large amount of silicon carbide and chromium can not be produced, thus obtain impure (Si, Cr, C) low ferronickel, reduce refining cost, control the reduction ratio of iron by controlling the coefficient of excess of oxygen-rich air to fuel, thus obtain the high-grade nickel iron alloy of nickeliferous 15% ~ 30%;
(3) CSC smelting furnace and CSC reduction furnace flue gas are by waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, and boiler institute producing steam is used for cogeneration, thus reduce external power consumption;
(4) CSC smelting furnace and CSC reduction furnace height configure, and CSC smelting furnace melt flows into CSC reduction furnace automatically by chute, and reduce the workload brought that melt is had bad luck, Automation of Manufacturing Process degree is high, labour intensity is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention adopts oxygen enrichment to strengthen the process flow diagram of bath smelting laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel alloy.
Fig. 2 is main process device connection diagram of the present invention or main equipment schematic layout pattern.
Wherein: 1, CSC smelting furnace; 2, CSC reduction furnace; 3, CSC smelting furnace cupola well; 4, primary air nozzle; 5, the copper cooling piece of shaft edge brick; 6, the dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece of upper shaft; 7, upper shaft masonry; 8, furnace roof flue; 9, CSC smelting furnace charging opening; 10, furnace roof molten steel cover; 11, waste heat boiler; 12, CSC smelting furnace melt siphon; 13, CSC smelting furnace melt; 14, apex; 15, chute; 16, CSC reduction furnace cupola well; 17, CSC reduction furnace reductive agent adds entrance; 18, CSC reduction furnace overfiren air port; 19, CSC siphon room concurrent heating burner; 20, CSC reduction furnace slag notch; 21, CSC reduction furnace alloy escape orifice; 22, Rhometal; 23, reduced blast furnace.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, be the special CSC smelting apparatus of the melting laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel alloy of a specific embodiment, this device comprises CSC smelting furnace 1, CSC reduction furnace 2 and connects the chute 15 of two stoves.Preferred CSC smelting furnace 1 is 1.4 ~ 1.6:1 with CSC reduction furnace 2 cross-sectional area ratio.
CSC smelting furnace 1, CSC reduction furnace 2 are fixed rectangle vertical structure, and the cupola well of the two, shaft have following identical structure with furnace roof:
1) cupola well all adopts refractory material laying to form;
2) restoration of lower stack is spliced by the copper cooling piece 5 of shaft edge brick that 2 ~ 3 layers have high thermal conductivity.The copper cooling piece 5 of shaft edge brick stands on above cupola well.The copper cooling piece 5 of every block shaft edge brick is provided with and is no less than 1 active pull rod, and the copper cooling piece of shaft edge brick 5 is connected with steelframe (arranging identical with ZL201120306096.6 accompanying drawing 2) by pull bar.Primary air nozzle 4 is provided with bottom shaft;
3) upper shaft structure adopts the dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece 6 of upper shaft alternately to build by laying bricks or stones with the upper shaft masonry 7 that refractory materials is made.The spacing of the dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece 6 of every two pieces of upper shafts is preferably 300 ~ 500mm, dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece 6 width of upper shaft is preferably 380 ~ 460mm, it reduces refractory materials thermal load, and refractory surface forms the flux shielding layer of 20 ~ 50mm, extends refractory materials work-ing life;
4) gap that the dilatation joint being provided with 40 ~ 80mm between the superiors' shaft edge brick copper cooling piece 5 top and upper shaft structure upwards expands as cupola well entirety;
5) furnace roof adopts the furnace roof molten steel cover 10 of working face cast 30 ~ 50mm refractory castable to be spliced.Furnace roof is provided with charging opening (CSC smelting furnace charging opening 9, CSC reduction furnace reductive agent add entrance 17) and smoke outlet (furnace roof flue 8).
In addition, CSC smelting furnace 1 and CSC reduction furnace 2 also have some special designs separately.
CSC smelting furnace cupola well 3 degree of depth is preferably 300mm ~ 400mm.CSC smelting furnace 1 shaft both sides to external expansion, in vertical direction with 7 ° ~ 10 ° extended corners (in inverted trapezoidal shape), to reduce air velocity, reduce dust rate from the copper cooling piece 5 of the second layer (counting from the bottom up) shaft edge brick.Slagging passage is provided with: CSC smelting furnace melt siphon 12, for continuous slagging bottom CSC smelting furnace 1.
CSC smelting furnace 1 shaft both sides (on the copper cooling piece 5 of bottom shaft edge brick) are provided with and are no less than two tuyere apparatus for violent stirring molten bath (preferably adopting the tuyere apparatus of ZL200920066397.9 embodiment part).Tuyere apparatus is preferably 500mm ~ 600mm apart from furnace bottom height, and tuyere and level are 0 ~ 15 ° of angle.
CSC reduction furnace cupola well 16 degree of depth is preferably 400mm ~ 800mm.CSC reduction furnace 2 shaft both sides from second layer shaft edge brick copper cooling piece 5 to external expansion, in vertical direction with 7 ° ~ 15 ° extended corners (in inverted trapezoidal shape), to meet secondary combustion space requirement.CSC reduction furnace 2 bottom end is provided with siphon room, puts Rhometal for continuous slagging and punching interruption.Siphon chamber cross-section amasss 0.4 ~ 0.6 times of preferably CSC reduction furnace 2 cross-sectional area, and the slag after reduction is settlement separate to ensure waste level further in siphon room.Top, siphon room is provided with feeler lever hole and the pure oxygen burner for concurrent heating and blow-on baker: CSC siphon room concurrent heating burner 19.
CSC reduction furnace 2 shaft both sides (on the copper cooling piece 5 of bottom shaft edge brick) are provided with and are no less than two tuyere apparatus for violent stirring molten bath (preferably adopting ZL200920066397.9), tuyere apparatus is 600mm ~ 1000mm apart from furnace bottom height, and tuyere and level are 0 ~ 15 ° of angle.CSC reduction furnace 2 both sides second or the copper cooling piece 5 of third layer (counting from the bottom up) shaft edge brick are provided with and are no less than two CSC reduction furnace overfiren air ports 18, secondary tuyere is housed, secondary tuyere is from the horizontal by 12 ° ~ 30 ° angles, secondary air burner hearth top CO, partial heat returns to molten bath.
CSC smelting furnace waste heat boiler above smoke outlet and CSC afterheat of reducing furnace boiler layout in 90 °.
CSC smelting furnace 1 and CSC reduction furnace 2 are taked just to flow automatically to configure, and CSC smelting furnace melt 13 flow to CSC reduction furnace 2 automatically by chute 15, saves on-the-spot cinder ladle and has bad luck.Chute 15 preferably adopts chute device for molten slag of non-ferrous metallurgical furnace described in ZL201120161981.X embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, for the present invention adopts oxygen enrichment to strengthen the process flow sheet of bath smelting laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel alloy, following step is specifically comprised:
(1) red soil nickel ore is added moisture eliminator and be dried to moisture 12% ~ 15%.The moisture too low meeting of laterite causes dust rate high, and preparing burden, on-the-spot airborne dust is large, bad environments, therefore requires to control water content.Moisture eliminator can select rotary drying kiln or vertical drier.
(2) red soil nickel ore of moisture 12% ~ 15%, flux, fine coal (hard coal) are prepared burden in proportion, the material pressure ball molding prepared.Concrete, according to the amount of allocating into of red soil nickel ore composition determination lime or Wingdale, smelting slag type is CaO/SiO
2=0.6 ~ 1.2(weight ratio), (CaO+MgO)/SiO
2=1.1 ~ 1.4.Red soil nickel ore and anthracitic ingredients by weight are than being preferably 1:0.25: ~ 1:0.35.The diameter of compound pressure ball is preferably 15 ~ 30mm.
(3) press shaping ball to be added to continuously in CSC smelting furnace 1 from CSC smelting furnace charging opening 9 by measuring belt and to melt, be preheated to 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C, containing oxygen 85% ~ 99%(volume) oxygen-rich air to become the tuyere of 0 ~ 15 ° to blast in stove in melt with level by CSC stove both sides.From the preheating oxygen-rich air that CSC smelting furnace 1 both sides tuyere blasts, the wind speed of wind nozzle outlet is preferably 220 ~ 320m/s, air port pressure is 0.1Mpa ~ 0.15Mpa, the coefficient of excess (Actual combustion air capacity/theoretical combustion air) of oxygen-rich air to fuel is 1.05 ~ 1.10, smelting temperature is 1450 ~ 1650 DEG C, and material is not less than 1 hour at residing time in furnace.
CSC smelting furnace 1 object is fusing red soil nickel ore and flux, and material is rapid melting under oxygen-rich air and strong agitation effect, and oxygen-rich air is 1.05 ~ 1.10 ensure that full combustion of fuel to the coefficient of excess of fuel.
(4) melt that CSC smelting furnace 1 generates continuously flows into CSC reduction furnace 2 by chute 15, is preheated to 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C, becomes the tuyere of 0 ~ 15 ° to blast the slag blanket of stove in melt by CSC reduction furnace both sides with level containing the oxygen-rich air of oxygen 60% ~ 85%.Broken coal (as reductive agent and fuel) adds entrance 17 by measuring belt from CSC reduction furnace reductive agent and adds continuously in stove.From the preheating oxygen-rich air that CSC reduction furnace 2 both sides tuyere blasts, the wind speed of wind nozzle outlet is preferably 180 ~ 280m/s, air port pressure is 0.08Mpa ~ 0.12Mpa, retailoring temperature is 1450 ~ 1650 DEG C, in CSC reduction furnace, the coefficient of excess (actual needs air capacity/theoretical demand air capacity) of oxygen to reductive agent is 0.4 ~ 0.5, burn C to the ferronickel in CO, CO melt reduction in the melt, part CO burns to CO on melt top
2.Melt in CSC reduction furnace is not less than 45min at residing time in furnace.
CSC reduction furnace 2 object is that the liquid red soil nickel ore melt of reduction produces Rhometal.Controlling oxygen-rich air is 0.4 ~ 0.5 to the coefficient of excess of fuel, ensures the reduction ratio of strong reducing property atmosphere and iron in stove, generates the Rhometal of nickeliferous 15% ~ 30%.Rhometal is interrupted by the CSC reduction furnace alloy escape orifice 21 regularly punching being located at bottom, siphon room releases ingot casting, and slag releases shrend continuously by siphon room.
(5) in CSC reduction furnace 2 production process, upper furnace space flue gas contains a large amount of CO gas, in order to the CO gas that burns, blast the oxygen-rich air containing oxygen 40% ~ 60% by the secondary tuyere in CSC reduction furnace surrounding second or the copper cooling piece of third layer, CO heat output part returns to molten bath.
(6) CSC smelting furnace 1, CSC reduction furnace 2 to produce temperature be that 1350 DEG C ~ 1550 DEG C high-temperature flue gas are through waste heat boiler 11 recovery waste heat, flue gas enters bagroom after waste heat boiler 11 is lowered the temperature, boiler and flue dust that bagroom reclaims return batching, and waste heat boiler 11 producing steams are used for generating.
Below by way of specific embodiment, above-mentioned technique is specifically described.
Embodiment 1
Step (1) ~ (6) are identical with aforesaid method part, only list difference below:
(1) red soil nickel ore is dried to moisture 12%;
(2) smelting slag type is CaO/SiO
2=0.6, (CaO+MgO)/SiO
2=1.1; Red soil nickel ore and anthracitic batching ratio are 1:0.25, and the diameter of compound pressure ball is 15mm;
(3) being preheated to 600 DEG C of oxygen-rich air containing oxygen 85% becomes the tuyere of 0 ° to blast in stove in melt by CSC smelting furnace both sides with level, and oxygen-rich air is 1.05 to the coefficient of excess of fuel, and smelting temperature is 1450 DEG C, and material was residing time in furnace 1 hour;
(4) being preheated to 600 DEG C of oxygen-rich air containing oxygen 60% becomes the tuyere of 0 ° to blast slag blanket in stove by CSC reduction furnace both sides with level, the wind speed of wind nozzle outlet is 180m/s, retailoring temperature is 1450 DEG C, in CSC reduction furnace, oxygen is 0.4 to the coefficient of excess of reductive agent, and melt reacts the Rhometal and the waste that generate nickeliferous 30% under strongly reducing atmosphere;
(5) oxygen-rich air containing oxygen 40% is blasted by the secondary tuyere on the copper cooling piece of the CSC reduction furnace surrounding second layer;
(6) CSC smelting furnace, CSC reduction furnace produce temperature and be respectively the high-temperature flue gas of 1450 DEG C, 1550 DEG C through waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, waste heat boiler produces 4.2Mpa steam for generating.
Embodiment 2
Except the oxygen-rich air of preheating is that 15 ° of angles to blast in stove in melt by CSC smelting furnace and CSC reduction furnace and level, temperature of fusion 1550 DEG C, reduction temperature 1500 DEG C, fusing flue-gas temperature 1450 DEG C, outside reduction flue-gas temperature 1550 DEG C, all the other are identical with embodiment 1.Obtain the Rhometal of nickeliferous 25%.
Embodiment 3
Difference from Example 1 is:
The red soil nickel ore of moisture 15%, flux, fine coal are prepared burden in proportion, and wherein smelting slag type is CaO/SiO
2=0.8, (CaO+MgO)/SiO
2=1.2, red soil nickel ore and anthracitic batching ratio are 1:0.30; The diameter of compound pressure ball is 25mm; Being preheated to 800 DEG C of oxygen-rich air containing oxygen 95% becomes the tuyere of 15 ° to blast in stove in melt by CSC stove both sides with level, and oxygen-rich air pressure is 0.1Mpa, and oxygen-rich air is 1.1 to the coefficient of excess of fuel, temperature of fusion 1500 DEG C.The Rhometal of nickeliferous 28%.
Embodiment 4
Difference from Example 1 is:
Being preheated to 800 DEG C of oxygen-rich air containing oxygen 80% becomes the tuyere of 15 ° to blast slag blanket in stove by CSC reduction furnace both sides with level, the wind speed of wind nozzle outlet is 220m/s, retailoring temperature is 1550 DEG C, in CSC reduction furnace, oxygen is 0.5 to the coefficient of excess of reductive agent, and melt reacts the Rhometal and the waste that generate nickeliferous 20% under strongly reducing atmosphere.
Claims (10)
1. adopt oxygen enrichment to strengthen a technique for bath smelting red soil nickel ore acquisition ferronickel, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) red soil nickel ore is dry;
2) dried red soil nickel ore, flux and broken coal are prepared burden;
3) material prepared is added to bath smelting smelting furnace and carries out melting, by containing oxygen 85% ~ 99%(volume), temperature is that the oxygen-rich air of 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C to blast in stove in melt;
4) melt of bath smelting smelting furnace output flows into bath smelting reduction furnace by chute, add reductive agent, by containing oxygen 60% ~ 85%(volume), temperature is that the oxygen-rich air of 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C to blast in stove in melt, control oxygen-rich air be 0.4 ~ 0.5 to the coefficient of excess of reductive agent, fusant reaction generate nickeliferous 15 ~ 30%(quality) Rhometal and slag.
2. employing oxygen enrichment strengthening bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 1 obtains the technique of ferronickel, it is characterized in that red soil nickel ore is dried to moisture 12% ~ 15%(quality); Smelting slag type is CaO/SiO
2=0.6 ~ 1.2(mass ratio), (CaO+MgO)/SiO
2=1.1 ~ 1.4; Step 2) the batching mass ratio of red soil nickel ore and broken coal is 1:(0.25 ~ 0.35); Prepare the rear pressure ball molding of material, diameter is 15 ~ 30mm, and then adds bath smelting smelting furnace; Described reductive agent is broken coal.
3. employing oxygen enrichment strengthening bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 1 obtains the technique of ferronickel, it is characterized in that oxygen-rich air becomes the tuyere of 0 ~ 15 ° to blast by bath smelting smelting furnace or bath smelting reduction furnace both sides with level.
4. employing oxygen enrichment strengthening bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 3 obtains the technique of ferronickel, it is characterized in that the oxygen-rich air blasted from bath smelting smelting furnace both sides tuyere, the wind speed of wind nozzle outlet is 220 ~ 320m/s, oxygen-rich air is 1.05 ~ 1.10 to the coefficient of excess of fuel, smelting temperature is 1450 ~ 1650 DEG C, and material is not less than 1 hour at residing time in furnace.
5. the employing oxygen enrichment strengthening bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 3 or 4 obtains the technique of ferronickel, it is characterized in that the oxygen-rich air blasted from bath smelting reduction furnace both sides tuyere, the wind speed of wind nozzle outlet is 180 ~ 280m/s, oxygen-rich air blasts the slag blanket of melt, retailoring temperature is 1450 ~ 1650 DEG C, and melt is not less than 45min at residing time in furnace.
6. employing oxygen enrichment strengthening bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 1 obtains the technique of ferronickel, it is characterized in that blasting oxygen-rich air containing oxygen 40% ~ 60% (volume), burner hearth top CO by the secondary tuyere on bath smelting reduction furnace.
7. adopt oxygen enrichment to strengthen a device for bath smelting red soil nickel ore acquisition ferronickel, it is characterized in that this device comprises bath smelting smelting furnace, bath smelting reduction furnace and connects the chute of two stoves;
The restoration of lower stack of bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace is spliced by 2 ~ 3 layers of copper cooling piece of edge brick, stands on above cupola well;
The masonry that the upper shaft structure dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece of employing of bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace and refractory materials are made alternately is built by laying bricks or stones and is formed;
The shaft both sides of bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace are provided with and are no less than two tuyere apparatus for violent stirring molten bath, and tuyere and level are 0 ~ 15 ° of angle;
The bath smelting reduction furnace both sides copper cooling piece of top layer edge brick is provided with and is no less than two secondary tuyeres, and secondary tuyere is from the horizontal by 12 ° ~ 30 ° angles.
8. employing oxygen enrichment strengthening bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 7 obtains the device of ferronickel, it is characterized in that bath smelting smelting furnace setting position is higher than bath smelting reduction furnace, bath smelting smelting furnace melt flow to bath smelting reduction furnace automatically by chute.
9. employing oxygen enrichment strengthening bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 7 obtains the device of ferronickel, it is characterized in that bath smelting smelting furnace shaft both sides from the copper cooling piece of second layer edge brick to external expansion, in vertical direction with 7 ° ~ 10 ° extended corners, to reduce air velocity, reduce dust rate; Bath smelting reduction furnace shaft both sides from second layer edge brick copper cooling piece to external expansion, in vertical direction with 7 ° ~ 15 ° extended corners, to meet secondary combustion space requirement.
10. employing oxygen enrichment strengthening bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 7 obtains the device of ferronickel, it is characterized in that bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace cross-sectional area ratio are 1.4 ~ 1.6:1; Dilatation joint is provided with between the superiors edge copper cooling piece top of brick and upper shaft structure; The refractory surface of masonry forms flux shielding layer; Bath smelting smelting furnace melt siphon is provided with, for continuous slagging bottom bath smelting smelting furnace; Bath smelting reduction furnace bottom end is provided with siphon room, puts Rhometal for continuous slagging and punching interruption.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610014432.7A CN105420515B (en) | 2016-01-11 | 2016-01-11 | Process and device for melting laterite-nickel ore in oxygen-enriched reinforcement melting pool to obtain ferronickel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610014432.7A CN105420515B (en) | 2016-01-11 | 2016-01-11 | Process and device for melting laterite-nickel ore in oxygen-enriched reinforcement melting pool to obtain ferronickel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105420515A true CN105420515A (en) | 2016-03-23 |
| CN105420515B CN105420515B (en) | 2017-05-17 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107267746A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 沈阳有色金属研究院 | The method and its device of a kind of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction-top blow smelting production ferronickel |
| CN107760823A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-06 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of quasi-continuous steelmaking system of steel scrap electric arc furnaces entirely and technique |
| CN113293296A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 中伟新材料股份有限公司 | Method for producing low grade nickel matte by melting, reducing and vulcanizing nickel oxide ore |
| CN114318006A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-12 | 扬州一川镍业有限公司 | Smelting device and method for smelting ferronickel by using nickel oxide ore |
| CN113293296B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2024-04-26 | 中伟新材料股份有限公司 | Method for producing low nickel matte by smelting, reducing and vulcanizing nickel oxide ore |
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| CN103451451A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-18 | 北京科技大学 | Ferro-nickel alloy production technology with laterite nickel ore processed through oxygen enrichment hot air shaft furnace |
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| CN101358296A (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2009-02-04 | 朝阳昊天有色金属有限公司 | Method for preparing high nickel matte |
| CN102492843A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 云锡元江镍业有限责任公司 | Production method through combined treatment of laterite by direct current electric furnace |
| CN103451451A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-18 | 北京科技大学 | Ferro-nickel alloy production technology with laterite nickel ore processed through oxygen enrichment hot air shaft furnace |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107267746A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 沈阳有色金属研究院 | The method and its device of a kind of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction-top blow smelting production ferronickel |
| CN107760823A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-06 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of quasi-continuous steelmaking system of steel scrap electric arc furnaces entirely and technique |
| CN107760823B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2023-04-25 | 北京科技大学 | Quasi-continuous steelmaking system and process of full scrap steel electric arc furnace |
| CN113293296A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 中伟新材料股份有限公司 | Method for producing low grade nickel matte by melting, reducing and vulcanizing nickel oxide ore |
| CN113293296B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2024-04-26 | 中伟新材料股份有限公司 | Method for producing low nickel matte by smelting, reducing and vulcanizing nickel oxide ore |
| CN114318006A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-12 | 扬州一川镍业有限公司 | Smelting device and method for smelting ferronickel by using nickel oxide ore |
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| CN105420515B (en) | 2017-05-17 |
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