CN210215497U - One-step copper smelting equipment - Google Patents
One-step copper smelting equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN210215497U CN210215497U CN201921150365.7U CN201921150365U CN210215497U CN 210215497 U CN210215497 U CN 210215497U CN 201921150365 U CN201921150365 U CN 201921150365U CN 210215497 U CN210215497 U CN 210215497U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a one-step copper smelting device, which comprises a smelting area and a converting area, wherein the smelting area and the converting area are completely separated by a partition wall; the smelting zone comprises a reaction tower with a central nozzle, a smelting uptake flue with a secondary air port and a smelting molten pool with a smelting spray gun, wherein the smelting spray gun is horizontally inserted into the melt slag layer, and the end wall of the molten pool is provided with a smelting slag port for discharging smelting slag; the converting area stores converting slag and crude copper, the converting area has converting flue on the top, crude copper port on the side wall, converting slag port on the end wall, converting oxygen lance inserted vertically into the melt and used for converting matte. Smelting and converting are carried out in one furnace, so that the work of transferring the matte is reduced; the configuration height of the smelting furnace is reduced, the position of a smelting slag ladle is reduced, and the hoisting of the slag ladle is reduced; the heat energy is recovered more intensively, and the heat energy loss caused by water quenching or transferring of the copper matte is reduced; the high oxygen potential is adopted for strengthening smelting, SO that the sulfur capture rate in the flue gas is higher, and the emission of SO2 is further reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a nonferrous metallurgy pyrometallurgical copper smelting field specifically is a one step copper smelting equipment.
Background
At present, copper smelting is carried out in two independent furnaces for smelting and converting respectively. Due to the fact that the process is discontinuous and the operation is interrupted, the common problems of long flow, high energy consumption, low SO2 smoke pollution and the like exist. Copper metallurgy science and technology workers are developing research and development of copper smelting technology with continuous production and short flow in copper smelting, and the problems of copper matte transportation, low-altitude pollution, limited productivity and the like are improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a have and smelt and converting function, make the furnace charge from the copper concentrate to the equipment that the blister copper was accomplished in a stove, can improve copper matte and transport, low latitude pollute, the productivity is limited.
The one-step copper smelting equipment provided by the utility model comprises a smelting area and a converting area, wherein the reaction atmosphere is completely separated by a partition wall; the smelting zone comprises a reaction tower with a central nozzle, a smelting uptake flue with a secondary air port and a smelting molten pool with a smelting spray gun, wherein the smelting spray gun is horizontally inserted into the melt slag layer, and the end wall of the molten pool is provided with a smelting slag port for discharging smelting slag; the converting area stores converting slag and crude copper, the converting area has converting flue on the top, crude copper port on the side wall, converting slag port on the end wall, converting oxygen lance inserted vertically into the melt and used for converting matte.
In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the central nozzle is disposed at the top center of the reaction tower, and can simultaneously blow the oxygen-enriched air, the copper concentrate and the reducing agent.
In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the reaction tower is a rectangular tower built by embedding high-strength mg-cr/al-cr refractory bricks into a copper water jacket with a buried pure copper tube, and the length, width and height of the rectangular tower are 5mx5mx7m or 5mx5mx7m
7mx7mx8m。
In one implementation mode of the technical scheme, the smelting molten pool is of a rectangular structure, the width specification of the smelting molten pool is 2-3 m, the furnace belly angle of a furnace wall is 7-10 degrees, the furnace wall is built by embedding high-strength magnesium-chromium/aluminum-chromium refractory bricks and refractory materials into a pure copper pipe-embedded copper water jacket, and a plurality of air ports are formed in two side parts of the smelting molten pool.
In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the smelting uptake flue is of a rectangular structure and is in a form that refractory bricks are lined in a molten steel jacket or refractory bricks are inlaid in a copper water jacket, and an oxygen analyzer and a thermometer are arranged at an outlet of the smelting uptake flue and are used for detecting oxygen utilization rate and temperature.
In an implementation mode of the technical scheme, the partition wall is a vertical flat copper water jacket, the thickness of the partition wall is 150-300 mm, dovetail grooves are formed in heating surfaces on two sides, high-strength magnesia-chrome bricks or aluminum-chrome bricks are embedded in the dovetail grooves, the partition wall is connected with a steel structure through a hanger rod on the upper portion, and a thermocouple is installed on a partition wall water return pipeline and used for monitoring the water temperature of the water return pipeline in real time.
In one embodiment of the technical scheme, the converting area is of a rectangular structure, the width of the converting area is 4-5 m, the top of the converting area is provided with a plurality of converting oxygen lances with heat-resistant stainless steel pipes, the converting furnace top is formed by embedding refractory bricks in a copper water jacket or pouring ramming materials on the heated side of the steel water jacket, the converting oxygen lances are oxygen-enriched gas/oxygen-enriched pulverized coal lances close to a partition wall, and the oxygen-enriched lances are oxygen-enriched lances close to a blister copper port of an end wall.
In one implementation mode of the technical scheme, the furnace bottom is a high-low furnace hearth, the bottommost part of the furnace bottom is an air-cooled furnace bottom, a temperature measuring thermocouple is arranged in an air duct, and the air quantity is regulated through temperature feedback, so that the temperature of furnace bottom bricks is kept below a copper melting point, and the copper leakage of the furnace bottom is prevented; the furnace bottom masonry body is respectively composed of high-alumina bricks, a ramming material, a permanent layer and a working layer from bottom to top, and the working layer is made of high-strength magnesia bricks or aluminum-chromium bricks.
The utility model combines the smelting and the blowing in one furnace, and has obvious advantages in several aspects of production, design, energy consumption, environmental protection and the like. In production, the work of transferring the copper matte is reduced, and for the double-flash technology, links such as water quenching of the copper matte, storage and transportation of the copper matte, grinding and drying of the copper matte and the like are reduced; in design, aiming at the configuration of bottom blowing smelting, bottom blowing converting, anode furnace refining or side blowing smelting, multi-gun top blowing converting and anode furnace refining, the smelting, converting and refining are generally designed in a step mode to realize hot continuous feeding, so that the configuration of the smelting furnace is very high, the utility model reduces the configuration height of the smelting furnace, not only reduces the investment of a factory building, but also reduces the position of a smelting slag ladle, and simultaneously reduces the hoisting of the slag ladle; in terms of energy consumption, the utility model can recover heat energy more intensively, reduce the heat energy loss caused by water quenching or transferring of copper matte, generate stable smoke gas amount in the continuous smelting process, enable the waste heat recovery to be more efficient, enable the operation of related auxiliary equipment to be more efficient, and enable the energy consumption level to be below 115 kgce/t; in the aspect of environmental protection, high oxygen potential is adopted for strengthening smelting, SO that the concentration of SO2 is further increased, the capture rate of sulfur in flue gas is higher, and the emission of SO2 is further reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the one-step copper smelting equipment disclosed in this embodiment is mainly functionally divided into functional zones such as a reaction tower 2, a smelting uptake 4, a converting zone 13, and a converting flue 14, and the specific structure includes a central nozzle 1, a reaction tower 2, a partition wall 3, a smelting uptake 4, a smelting bath 5, a bath slag hole 6, a nozzle 8, a converting slag hole 12, a converting flue 14, a converting lance 15, a secondary tuyere, a furnace bottom 17, an oxidation-reduction tuyere 18, an air-cooled furnace bottom 19, and a charging opening 20.
The central nozzle 1 is arranged at the center of the top of the reaction tower 2, and can simultaneously spray oxygen enrichment, copper concentrate and a reducing agent, so that the smelting atmosphere of strong oxidation in the reaction tower and weak reduction on the surface of a molten pool is realized, and high-grade matte (70%) and smelting slag are produced in a smelting area. The side wall of the melting bath in the melting area is also provided with a spray gun for blowing pulverized coal (natural gas) and oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen enrichment, and the spray gun realizes the purposes of regulating and controlling slag types and inhibiting generation of magnetic iron in the melting process.
The reaction tower 2 is of a rectangular structure, the length, width and height specifications of the reaction tower are 5mx5mx7m or 7mx7mx8m, the length, width and height specifications correspond to 10-20 ten thousand tons/a copper smelting production scales and 30-40 ten thousand tons/a copper smelting production scales respectively, and the specific structure is that a high-strength magnesium-chromium/aluminum-chromium refractory brick is embedded in a copper water jacket of an embedded pure copper pipe.
The smelting molten pool 5 is of a rectangular structure, the width specification of the smelting molten pool is 2-3 m, the furnace belly angle of a furnace wall is 7-10 degrees, the specific structure is that a furnace wall is built by embedding high-strength magnesium-chromium/aluminum-chromium refractory bricks and refractory materials in a pure copper pipe copper water jacket, a plurality of air ports are formed in the two side parts of the smelting molten pool 5, nozzles 8 are installed in the air ports and used for blowing oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen concentration of 50-90% or oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen concentration of 50-90% and powdered coal (or natural gas), and a molten pool slag port 6 for slag discharge is formed in the end part of the smelting molten pool 5.
The smelting uptake flue 4 is of a rectangular structure, the specific structure is in a form that refractory bricks are lined in a molten steel sleeve or refractory bricks are inlaid in a copper water sleeve, secondary air ports 16 are formed in two sides of the smelting uptake flue 4, oxygen enrichment (30% -70%) is blown in the smelting uptake flue and is used for burning combustible components such as elemental sulfur, a smelting reburning chamber is formed in the area, a temperature measuring hole and a flue gas sampling port are formed in an outlet of the smelting uptake flue, the temperature and oxygen content are detected on line through a thermometer and an oxygen analyzer, the temperature and oxygen utilization rate are accurately controlled, and favorable conditions are created for the follow-up boiler operation and the reduction of the SO 3.
The partition wall 3 is a boundary line of the smelting area and the reduction area, is a vertical flat copper water jacket, is 150-300 mm thick, is provided with dovetail grooves on heating surfaces on two sides, is embedded with high-strength magnesia-chrome bricks or aluminum-chrome bricks, is connected with a steel structure through a hanger rod on the upper part, is provided with a thermocouple for monitoring the temperature of a water return pipeline in real time, and is high-pressure softened water.
The converting area 13 is of a rectangular structure, the width of the converting area is 4-5 m, 6-9 heat-resistant stainless steel pipe converting oxygen lances 15 with phi 76x10 are arranged at the top of the converting area, and the converting furnace top is formed by embedding refractory bricks in a copper water jacket or pouring ramming materials on the heated side of the steel water jacket. The blowing oxygen lance 15 is provided with an oxygen-enriched gas or oxygen-enriched pulverized coal spray gun at the position close to the partition wall and an oxygen-enriched spray gun at the position close to the end wall blister copper port.
The converting oxygen lance 15 is vertically inserted into the melt, different depths can be respectively inserted according to the requirements of different areas, oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into a molten pool through the converting oxygen lance, copper matte and oxygen react in the converting molten pool to form crude copper and converting slag, the converting slag is discharged through a converting slag port, smelting ingredients are fed after water quenching, and the crude copper is discharged through a copper port and refined through an anode furnace.
High-grade matte (70%) is directly subjected to oxygen enrichment to complete the copper-making reaction. The oxygen lance close to the partition wall can spray oxygen enrichment and pulverized coal, provide heat for the bottom of the melt, improve the temperature of the melt at the bottom and eliminate a diaphragm layer between a metal phase and a slag phase of the melt, thereby avoiding the problem that the partition wall is blocked by the diaphragm layer of the complex copper material in the smelting process and avoiding the dead combination of the metal phase. In order to reduce harmful impurities of the blister copper, an oxidation-reduction tuyere is arranged at the position of the converting area, which is close to the end wall, and is used for removing the blister copper impurities, thereby providing favorable conditions for anode furnace refining and electrolysis.
The top of the converting furnace is provided with a charging material 20, scrap copper can be added into a converting molten pool through the charging material port, and the thermal balance and the material balance of the molten pool are adjusted through a converting oxygen lance.
The furnace bottom 17 is a high-low furnace hearth, so that the slag and matte separation effect can be improved, and the blocking risk of a partition wall is reduced. The bottommost part of the furnace bottom is an air-cooled furnace bottom 19, a temperature thermocouple is arranged in the air duct, and the copper over-temperature feedback adjusts the air quantity, so that the temperature of furnace bottom bricks is kept below the copper melting point, and the copper leakage of the furnace bottom is prevented. The furnace bottom masonry is composed of high-alumina bricks, ramming materials, a permanent layer and a working layer from bottom to top. The working layer refractory material is high-strength magnesia brick or aluminum-chromium brick.
The furnace wall adopts a structural form of a copper water jacket and a refractory material, the copper water jacket adopts a T1/T2-buried pure copper pipe to pour the water jacket, and the refractory material is built on the heating side of the water jacket. The side wall is provided with an oxygen-enriched pulverized coal/natural gas spray gun or a pure oxygen-enriched spray gun, the spray gun body is protected by water cooling, and slag can form a slag cap at the spray head to protect the spray gun. The refractory material of the furnace wall is high-strength magnesia-chrome brick or aluminum-chrome brick.
Copper concentrate (copper-containing material), oxygen boosting, reductant spout into through setting up the central nozzle 1 at reaction tower 2 top, and copper concentrate accomplishes the oxidation desulfurization reaction in the strong oxidation environment of reaction tower, and the reductant scatters on the molten bath surface under the reaction tower, and the intermediate product after accomplishing in the reaction tower reduces through the reduction layer, forms copper matte and smelts the slag in smelting the molten bath, and the slag is discharged through molten bath cinder notch 6 that is located the headwall, send the sediment through the sediment slow cooling to select the ore dressing, and the copper matte gets into the converting area through the partition wall.
In a word, the utility model discloses a smelting and converting function have been realized simultaneously to a stove, needn't dispose the converting furnace alone, realize the maximize utilization of slag sensible heat. The smelting process is a typical flash strong oxidation metallurgical process, an oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting process is formed in a side molten pool, and a strong oxidation top-blown metallurgical process is formed in a blowing zone. The three metallurgical processes supplement each other, the process is controllable, and the copper smelting with the production scale of 10-40 million tons/a can be realized.
The equipment comprises the following concrete steps of one-step copper smelting:
(1) after copper concentrate, flux and reducing agent are mixed and proportioned, the mixture is dried to the water content of less than 1 percent, the mixed furnace burden and oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen concentration of 75-90 percent are sprayed into a reaction tower through a central nozzle, strong oxygen potential desulfurization reaction is carried out in the reaction tower, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 1200-1300 ℃, copper matte and smelting slag containing more than 70 percent of copper are formed in the reaction tower, the reducing agent is scattered on the surface of a molten pool to form a reduction layer, the thickness is 150-200 mm, and the reduction reaction of iron in the smelting slag is carried out after the molten slag and the copper matte pass through the reduction layer;
(2) in order to further control the furnace temperature, adjust the heat balance and the slag type, reduce the generation of magnetic iron oxide and reduce the copper content of slag, an air port positioned at the side part of a smelting molten pool is opened to provide oxygen-enriched air and a reducing agent, smelting smoke is discharged through a rising flue, combustible components in the smoke are combusted through a secondary air port, and then acid is produced through a waste heat boiler; oxygen or oxygen and pulverized coal/natural gas are injected through smelting nozzles on two sides of the side wall of the molten pool on the lower portion of the uptake flue, the slag shape of the smelting slag is further regulated and controlled through the molten pool area on the lower portion of the uptake flue, the copper content in the slag is further reduced, the smelting slag is discharged through a smelting slag port and is slowly cooled, copper in the slag is recovered through slag separation, and tailings are sent to a cement plant for sale;
(3) high-grade copper matte in the smelting area enters a converting area through a partition wall, sulfur in the copper matte is further removed after oxygen enrichment is provided by a converting oxygen lance inserted into a melt from the top of the converting area, crude copper begins to be generated, converting slag enters a converting molten pool and passes through an oxidation reduction air port arranged on the side part to realize crude copper purification, the crude copper enters an anode furnace through a crude copper port arranged on the side part, the converting slag passes through a converting slag port and is fed into smelting ingredients after air quenching/water quenching, and converting flue gas is fed into acid after waste heat recovery;
(4) scrap copper can be added into the converting area through a feed inlet positioned at the top of the converting area; after the smelting smoke dust and the converting smoke dust are converged, the smelting smoke dust and the converting smoke dust are sent to smelting ingredients.
Claims (8)
1. A one-step copper smelting equipment is characterized in that: the device comprises a smelting area and a blowing area which are completely separated by a partition wall; the smelting zone comprises a reaction tower with a central nozzle, a smelting uptake flue with a secondary air port and a smelting molten pool with a smelting spray gun, wherein the smelting spray gun is horizontally inserted into the melt slag layer, and the end wall of the molten pool is provided with a smelting slag port for discharging smelting slag; the converting area stores converting slag and crude copper, the converting area has converting flue on the top, crude copper port on the side wall, converting slag port on the end wall, converting oxygen lance inserted vertically into the melt and used for converting matte.
2. The one-step copper smelting plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the central nozzle is arranged at the center of the top of the reaction tower and can simultaneously spray oxygen-enriched air, copper concentrate and a reducing agent.
3. The one-step copper smelting plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reaction tower is a rectangular tower built by embedding high-strength magnesium chromium/aluminum chromium refractory bricks into a copper water jacket of an embedded pure copper pipe, and the length, width and height specifications of the reaction tower are 5mx5mx7m or 7mx7mx8 m.
4. The one-step copper smelting plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the smelting molten pool is of a rectangular structure, the width specification of the smelting molten pool is 2-3 m, the furnace belly angle of a furnace wall is 7-10 degrees, the furnace wall is built by embedding high-strength magnesium-chromium/aluminum-chromium refractory bricks and refractory materials into a pure copper pipe-embedded copper water jacket, and a plurality of air ports are formed in two side portions of the smelting molten pool.
5. The one-step copper smelting plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the smelting uptake flue is of a rectangular structure and is in a form that refractory bricks are lined in a molten steel sleeve or refractory bricks are inlaid in a copper water sleeve, and an oxygen analyzer and a thermometer are arranged at an outlet of the smelting uptake flue and are used for detecting oxygen utilization rate and temperature.
6. The one-step copper smelting plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the partition wall is a vertical flat plate copper water jacket, the thickness of the partition wall is 150-300 mm, dovetail grooves are formed in heating surfaces on two sides, high-strength magnesia-chrome bricks or aluminum-chrome bricks are embedded in the dovetail grooves, the partition wall is connected with a steel structure through a hanger rod on the upper portion, and a thermocouple is installed on a partition wall water return pipeline and used for monitoring the water temperature of the water return pipeline in real time.
7. The one-step copper smelting plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the converting area is of a rectangular structure, the width of the converting area is 4-5 m, the top of the converting area is provided with a plurality of converting oxygen lances with heat-resistant stainless steel pipes, the top of the converting furnace is formed by embedding refractory bricks in a copper water jacket or pouring ramming materials on the heated side of the steel water jacket, the converting oxygen lances are oxygen-enriched gas/oxygen-enriched pulverized coal lances close to a partition wall, and the oxygen-enriched lances are oxygen-enriched lances close to a crude copper port of an end wall.
8. The one-step copper smelting plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the furnace bottom is a high-low furnace hearth, the bottommost part of the furnace bottom is an air-cooled furnace bottom, a temperature thermocouple is arranged in an air duct, and the air quantity is regulated through temperature feedback, so that the temperature of furnace bottom bricks is kept below the melting point of copper, and the copper leakage of the furnace bottom is prevented; the furnace bottom masonry body is respectively composed of high-alumina bricks, a ramming material, a permanent layer and a working layer from bottom to top, and the working layer is made of high-strength magnesia bricks or aluminum-chromium bricks.
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| CN201921150365.7U CN210215497U (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | One-step copper smelting equipment |
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| CN201921150365.7U CN210215497U (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | One-step copper smelting equipment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112695209A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-23 | 黑龙江紫金铜业有限公司 | Copper strengthening molten pool smelting furnace and smelting method |
| CN113817924A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-21 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Method for producing blister copper by smelting copper dross and smelting device thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-07-19 CN CN201921150365.7U patent/CN210215497U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112695209A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-23 | 黑龙江紫金铜业有限公司 | Copper strengthening molten pool smelting furnace and smelting method |
| CN112695209B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2023-04-14 | 黑龙江紫金铜业有限公司 | Copper-reinforced oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting furnace and smelting method |
| CN113817924A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-21 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Method for producing blister copper by smelting copper dross and smelting device thereof |
| CN113817924B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-04-21 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Method for producing blister copper by smelting copper dross and smelting device thereof |
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