CN205313650U - Device that laterite -nickel ore ore deposit obtained ferronickel is smelted in molten bath - Google Patents
Device that laterite -nickel ore ore deposit obtained ferronickel is smelted in molten bath Download PDFInfo
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- CN205313650U CN205313650U CN201620020475.1U CN201620020475U CN205313650U CN 205313650 U CN205313650 U CN 205313650U CN 201620020475 U CN201620020475 U CN 201620020475U CN 205313650 U CN205313650 U CN 205313650U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device that laterite -nickel ore ore deposit obtained ferronickel is smelted in molten bath, the device include that the molten bath smelts the chute that melting furnace, molten bath are smelted the reducing furnace and is connected two stoves, the molten bath is smelted melting furnace and molten bath and is smelted the shaft lower part of reducing furnace and inlay the concatenation of the copper cooling piece of brick by 2~3 layers and form, the molten bath is smelted brickwork that the shaft superstructure who melting furnace and molten bath smelts the reducing furnace adopted dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece and refractory material to make and is built by laying bricks or stones in turn and form, the molten bath is smelted melting furnace and molten bath and is smelted the shaft both sides of reducing furnace and be equipped with and be no less than two tuyere devices that are used for the violent stirring molten bath, the molten bath is smelted reducing furnace both sides top layer and is inlayed to be equipped with on the copper cooling piece of brick and be no less than two secondary tuyeres. Adopt the utility model discloses the oxygen boosting is strengthened the molten bath and is smelted laterite -nickel ore ore deposit production ferronickel, has that the flow is short, the energy consumption is low, the investment economizes, the product is nickeliferous of high grade, can realize characteristics such as process automation control, production efficiency height.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of smelting device about non-ferrous metal nickel, more specifically the CSC(bath smelting furnace title of a kind of bath smelting laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel alloy) smelting apparatus.
Background technology
Nickel is a kind of silvery white metal, has good mechanical property, has a wide range of applications in national defence, aviation and daily life; Especially the fields such as stainless steel and refractory steel metal indispensable especially is being produced. Current nickel mainly obtains from two kinds of nickel-containing minerals, and one is nickel sulfide ore, and another kind is red soil nickel ore, and wherein 60% metallic nickel comes from nickel sulfide ore. Along with the minimizing of nickel sulfide ore is even exhausted, development and utilization red soil nickel ore obtains great attention.
The method of process red soil nickel ore can be divided into wet method and fire method at present, and wet method has pressurized acid leaching (HPLA) and reducing roasting ammonia leaching (RRAL). Pyrometallurgical smelting method can be divided into ferronickel technique and nickel matte technique, and ferronickel technique refers to and adopts blast furnace or electric furnace reduction melting to obtain Rhometal, and nickel matte technique refers to additional vulcanizing agent, carries out making sulfonium and slag making, obtain intermediates low nickel matte in production process. Low nickel matte blows further and can obtain the converter mattes containing nickel more than 75%. The equipment of pyrometallurgical smelting mainly contains blast furnace, and the type of furnace smelted by electric furnace, rotary kiln, blast furnace etc. Adopting blasting smelting, material needs first to sinter, and to powder bad adaptability, consumes a large amount of cokes in production process, and on-the-spot environmental pollution is serious. Direct reduction process for rotary kiln, rotary kiln refractory materials is shorter for work-ing life, and operating rate is low; Electrosmelting is a kind of cleaner smelting technology, but electric furnace energy consumption height, and installation load is big, and the area for power tense is difficult to implement. The a large amount of metallurgical coke of blast-furnace smelting consumption, Rhometal product is low containing nickel grade.
Practical novel content
The utility model is intended to overcome the non-ferrous metal existing technical disadvantages of nickel pyrometallurgical smelting, thering is provided a kind of effective smelting red clay nickel ore to obtain the device of ferronickel, solve energy consumption height in current nickel pyrometallurgical smelting process, environmental pollution is serious, long flow path, the problems such as material bad adaptability.
The technical solution of the utility model is: a kind of bath smelting red soil nickel ore obtains the device of ferronickel, it is characterised in that this device comprises bath smelting smelting furnace, bath smelting reduction furnace and connects the chute of two stoves;The restoration of lower stack of bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace is spliced by 2 ~ 3 layers of copper cooling piece of edge brick, stands on above cupola well; The masonry that bath smelting smelting furnace adopts dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece to make with refractory materials with the upper shaft structure of bath smelting reduction furnace has alternately been built by laying bricks or stones; The shaft both sides of bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace are provided with and are no less than two tuyere devices for violent stirring molten bath, and tuyere and level are 0 ~ 15 ° of angle; The bath smelting reduction furnace both sides top layer edge copper cooling piece of brick is provided with and is no less than two secondary air mouths, and secondary air mouth is from the horizontal by 12 ° ~ 30 ° angles.
Further, bath smelting smelting furnace arranges position higher than bath smelting reduction furnace, and bath smelting smelting furnace melt flow to bath smelting reduction furnace automatically by chute.
Further, bath smelting smelting furnace shaft both sides are outward expansion from the second layer inlays the copper cooling piece of brick, in vertical direction with 7 ° ~ 10 ° extended corners, to reduce air velocity, reduces dust rate.
Further, bath smelting reduction furnace shaft both sides are outward expansion from the second layer inlays the copper cooling piece of brick, in vertical direction with 7 ° ~ 15 ° extended corners, to meet the requirement of secondary combustion space.
Further, bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace cross-sectional area ratio are 1.4 ~ 1.6:1.
Further, it is provided with dilatation joint between the superiors edge copper cooling piece top of brick and upper shaft structure; The refractory surface of masonry forms slag protective layer.
Further, it is provided with bath smelting smelting furnace melt siphon road bottom bath smelting smelting furnace, for continuous slagging; Bottom bath smelting reduction furnace, one end is provided with siphon room, puts Rhometal for continuous slagging and punching interruption.
Further, furnace roof adopts the steel water-cooled water jacket of working face cast refractory castable to be spliced, and furnace roof is provided with charging opening and smoke outlet.
Preferably, chute adopts the chute of ZL201120161981.X, and tuyere device adopts the tuyere device of ZL200920066397.9.
Adopt the rich oxygen strengthening bath smelting laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel alloy of the utility model, have that flow process is short, energy consumption is low, investment economizes, product is of high grade containing nickel, it may be achieved the features such as automatic process control system, production efficiency height. Specifically, CSC smelting apparatus of the present utility model has following feature or advantage compared with prior art:
(1) in CSC reduction furnace reduction process, in stove, melt temperature is even, melting bath stirring is even, there is not electrode band local superheating district in electrosmelting process, therefore can not produce a large amount of silicon carbide and chromium, thus obtain the ferronickel low containing impurity (Si, Cr, C), reduce refining cost;
(2) CSC smelting furnace and CSC reduction furnace flue gas are by waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, and boiler institute producing steam is used for cogeneration, thus reduces external power consumption;
(3) CSC smelting furnace and the height configuration of CSC reduction furnace, CSC smelting furnace melt flows into CSC reduction furnace automatically by chute, reduces the workload brought that melt is had bad luck, and Automation of Manufacturing Process degree height, labour intensity are low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment.
Wherein: 1, CSC smelting furnace; 2, CSC reduction furnace; 3, CSC smelting furnace cupola well; 4, an air port; 5, the shaft edge copper cooling piece of brick; 6, the dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece of upper shaft; 7, upper shaft masonry; 8, furnace roof flue;9, CSC smelting furnace charging opening; 10, furnace roof molten steel cover; 11, waste heat boiler; 12, CSC smelting furnace melt siphon road; 13, CSC smelting furnace melt; 14, underflow relief outlet; 15, chute; 16, CSC reduction furnace cupola well; 17, CSC reduction furnace reductive agent adds entrance; 18, CSC reduction furnace secondary air mouth; 19, CSC siphon room concurrent heating burner; 20, CSC reduction furnace slag notch; 21, CSC reduction furnace alloy escape orifice; 22, Rhometal; 23, reduced blast furnace.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, being the CSC smelting apparatus of the melting laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel alloy of a specific embodiment, this device comprises CSC smelting furnace 1, CSC reduction furnace 2 and connects the chute 15 of two stoves. Preferred CSC smelting furnace 1 is 1.4 ~ 1.6:1 with CSC reduction furnace 2 cross-sectional area ratio.
CSC smelting furnace 1, CSC reduction furnace 2 are fixed rectangle vertical structure, and the cupola well of the two, shaft have following identical structure with furnace roof:
1) cupola well all adopts refractory materials to build by laying bricks or stones;
2) restoration of lower stack is spliced by the shaft edge copper cooling piece 5 of brick that 2 ~ 3 layers have high thermal conductivity. The shaft edge copper cooling piece 5 of brick stands on above cupola well. Every block shaft edge copper cooling piece of brick 5 is provided with and is no less than 1 movable pull bar, and the shaft edge copper cooling piece of brick 5 is connected with steelframe (arranging identical with ZL201120306096.6 accompanying drawing 2) by pull bar. An air port 4 it is provided with bottom shaft;
3) upper shaft structure adopts the dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece 6 of upper shaft alternately to build by laying bricks or stones with the upper shaft masonry 7 that refractory materials is made. The spacing of the dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece 6 of every two pieces of upper shafts is preferably 300 ~ 500mm, dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece 6 width of upper shaft is preferably 380 ~ 460mm, it reduces refractory materials thermal load, and refractory surface forms the slag protective layer of 20 ~ 50mm, extends refractory materials work-ing life;
4) gap that the dilatation joint of 40 ~ 80mm upwards expands as cupola well entirety it is provided with between the superiors' shaft edge brick copper cooling piece 5 top and upper shaft structure;
5) furnace roof adopts the furnace roof molten steel cover 10 of working face cast 30 ~ 50mm refractory castable to be spliced. Furnace roof is provided with charging opening (CSC smelting furnace charging opening 9, CSC reduction furnace reductive agent add entrance 17) and smoke outlet (furnace roof flue 8).
In addition, CSC smelting furnace 1 and CSC reduction furnace 2 also have some special designs separately.
CSC smelting furnace cupola well 3 degree of depth is preferably 300mm ~ 400mm. CSC smelting furnace 1 shaft both sides are outward expansion from the second layer (counting from the bottom up) shaft inlays the copper cooling piece 5 of brick, in vertical direction with 7 ° ~ 10 ° extended corners (in inverted trapezoidal shape), to reduce air velocity, reduces dust rate. Slagging passage it is provided with: CSC smelting furnace melt siphon road 12, for continuous slagging bottom CSC smelting furnace 1.
CSC smelting furnace 1 shaft both sides (on the bottom shaft edge copper cooling piece 5 of brick) are provided with and are no less than two tuyere devices for violent stirring molten bath (preferably adopting the tuyere device of ZL200920066397.9 embodiment part). Tuyere device is preferably 500mm ~ 600mm apart from furnace bottom height, and tuyere and level are 0 ~ 15 ° of angle.
CSC reduction furnace cupola well 16 degree of depth is preferably 400mm ~ 800mm. CSC reduction furnace 2 shaft both sides are outward expansion from second layer shaft inlays the copper cooling piece 5 of brick, in vertical direction with 7 ° ~ 15 ° extended corners (in inverted trapezoidal shape), to meet the requirement of secondary combustion space.Bottom CSC reduction furnace 2, one end is provided with siphon room, puts Rhometal for continuous slagging and punching interruption. Siphon chamber cross-section amasss 0.4 ~ 0.6 times of preferably CSC reduction furnace 2 cross-sectional area, and the slag after reduction is settlement separate to ensure waste level further in siphon room. Top, siphon room is provided with visits rod aperture and for the pure oxygen burner of concurrent heating and blow-on baker: CSC siphon room concurrent heating burner 19.
CSC reduction furnace 2 shaft both sides (on the bottom shaft edge copper cooling piece 5 of brick) are provided with and are no less than two tuyere devices for violent stirring molten bath (preferably adopting ZL200920066397.9), tuyere device is 600mm ~ 1000mm, tuyere and level apart from furnace bottom height is 0 ~ 15 ° of angle. CSC reduction furnace 2 both sides the 2nd or third layer (counting from the bottom up) the shaft edge copper cooling piece 5 of brick are provided with and are no less than two CSC reduction furnace secondary air mouths 18, secondary air mouth is housed, secondary air mouth is from the horizontal by 12 ° ~ 30 ° angles, secondary air burner hearth top CO, part heat returns to molten bath.
CSC smelting furnace waste heat boiler above smoke outlet and CSC afterheat of reducing furnace boiler layout in 90 °.
CSC smelting furnace 1 and CSC reduction furnace 2 take height from stream configuration, and CSC smelting furnace melt 13 flow to CSC reduction furnace 2 automatically by chute 15, save on-the-spot cinder ladle and have bad luck. Chute 15 preferably adopts non-ferrous metallurgical furnace slag chute device described in ZL201120161981.X embodiment.
The technique adopting the utility model to carry out rich oxygen strengthening bath smelting laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel alloy comprises following step:
(1) red soil nickel ore is added moisture eliminator drying. Moisture eliminator can select rotary drying kiln or vertical drier;
(2) dried red soil nickel ore, flux, fine coal are prepared burden in proportion, the material pressure ball molding prepared;
(3) pressing shaping ball to be added to continuously in CSC smelting furnace 1 from CSC smelting furnace charging opening 9 by measuring belt and melt, the oxygen-rich air of preheating becomes the tuyere of 0 ~ 15 ° to blast in stove in melt by CSC stove both sides with level;
CSC smelting furnace 1 object is fusing red soil nickel ore and flux, and material melts fast under oxygen-rich air and strong agitation effect;
(4) melt that CSC smelting furnace 1 generates continuously flows into CSC reduction furnace 2 by chute 15, and the oxygen-rich air of preheating becomes the tuyere of 0 ~ 15 ° to blast the slag layer of melt in stove by CSC reduction furnace both sides with level. Broken coal (as reductive agent and fuel) adds entrance 17 by measuring belt from CSC reduction furnace reductive agent and adds continuously in stove. In the melt by C burning to the ferronickel in CO, CO melt reduction, part CO burns to CO on melt top2;
CSC reduction furnace 2 object is that the liquid red soil nickel ore melt of reduction produces Rhometal. Control oxygen-rich air, to the coefficient of excess of fuel, ensures the reduction ratio of strong reducing property atmosphere and iron in stove, generates the Rhometal containing nickel 15% ~ 30%. Rhometal regularly punches to be interrupted by being located at the CSC reduction furnace alloy escape orifice 21 of bottom, siphon room and releases ingot casting, and slag releases shrend continuously by siphon room;
(5) in CSC reduction furnace 2 production process, upper furnace space flue gas contains a large amount of CO gas, in order to the CO gas that burns, blasts oxygen-rich air by the secondary air mouth in CSC reduction furnace surrounding the 2nd or the copper cooling piece of third layer, and CO heat output part returns to molten bath;
(6) CSC smelting furnace 1, CSC reduction furnace 2 are produced high-temperature flue gas through waste heat boiler 11 recovery waste heat, flue gas enters bagroom after waste heat boiler 11 is lowered the temperature, boiler and bagroom are reclaimed flue dust and are returned batching, and waste heat boiler 11 producing steams are used for generating.
Claims (9)
1. the device of a bath smelting red soil nickel ore acquisition ferronickel, it is characterised in that this device comprises bath smelting smelting furnace, bath smelting reduction furnace and connects the chute of two stoves;
The restoration of lower stack of bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace is spliced by 2 ~ 3 layers of copper cooling piece of edge brick, stands on above cupola well;
The masonry that bath smelting smelting furnace adopts dull and stereotyped copper cooling piece to make with refractory materials with the upper shaft structure of bath smelting reduction furnace has alternately been built by laying bricks or stones;
The shaft both sides of bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace are provided with and are no less than two tuyere devices for violent stirring molten bath, and tuyere and level are 0 ~ 15 ° of angle;
The bath smelting reduction furnace both sides top layer edge copper cooling piece of brick is provided with and is no less than two secondary air mouths, and secondary air mouth is from the horizontal by 12 ° ~ 30 ° angles.
2. bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 1 obtains the device of ferronickel, it is characterised in that bath smelting smelting furnace arranges position higher than bath smelting reduction furnace, and bath smelting smelting furnace melt flow to bath smelting reduction furnace automatically by chute.
3. bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 1 obtains the device of ferronickel, it is characterized in that bath smelting smelting furnace shaft both sides outward expansion from the second layer inlays the copper cooling piece of brick, in vertical direction with 7 ° ~ 10 ° extended corners, to reduce air velocity, reduce dust rate.
4. bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 1 or 3 obtains the device of ferronickel, it is characterized in that bath smelting reduction furnace shaft both sides outward expansion from the second layer inlays the copper cooling piece of brick, in vertical direction with 7 ° ~ 15 ° extended corners, to meet the requirement of secondary combustion space.
5. bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 1 obtains the device of ferronickel, it is characterised in that bath smelting smelting furnace and bath smelting reduction furnace cross-sectional area ratio are 1.4 ~ 1.6:1.
6. bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 1 obtains the device of ferronickel, it is characterised in that be provided with dilatation joint between the superiors edge copper cooling piece top of brick and upper shaft structure; The refractory surface of masonry forms slag protective layer.
7. bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 1 obtains the device of ferronickel, it is characterised in that be provided with bath smelting smelting furnace melt siphon road bottom bath smelting smelting furnace, for continuous slagging; Bottom bath smelting reduction furnace, one end is provided with siphon room, puts Rhometal for continuous slagging and punching interruption.
8. bath smelting red soil nickel ore according to claim 1 obtains the device of ferronickel, it is characterised in that furnace roof adopts the steel water-cooled water jacket of working face cast refractory castable to be spliced, and furnace roof is provided with charging opening and smoke outlet.
9. obtaining the device of ferronickel according to the bath smelting red soil nickel ore one of claim 1 ~ 3 and 5 ~ 8 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that chute adopts the chute of ZL201120161981.X, tuyere device adopts the tuyere device of ZL200920066397.9.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107385235A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-11-24 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Using the technique and its device of prereduction preheating kiln and bath smelting furnace smelting nickel-iron |
| CN111101001A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-05 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | One-step nickel smelting system and one-step nickel smelting method |
| CN113293296A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 中伟新材料股份有限公司 | Method for producing low grade nickel matte by melting, reducing and vulcanizing nickel oxide ore |
| NL2029142B1 (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2023-03-21 | Petrus Greyling Frederik | Process for smelting a metalliferous feedstock |
| CN113293296B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2024-04-26 | 中伟新材料股份有限公司 | Method for producing low nickel matte by smelting, reducing and vulcanizing nickel oxide ore |
-
2016
- 2016-01-11 CN CN201620020475.1U patent/CN205313650U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107385235A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-11-24 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Using the technique and its device of prereduction preheating kiln and bath smelting furnace smelting nickel-iron |
| CN111101001A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-05 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | One-step nickel smelting system and one-step nickel smelting method |
| CN111101001B (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2023-06-16 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | One-step nickel smelting system and one-step nickel smelting method |
| CN113293296A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 中伟新材料股份有限公司 | Method for producing low grade nickel matte by melting, reducing and vulcanizing nickel oxide ore |
| CN113293296B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2024-04-26 | 中伟新材料股份有限公司 | Method for producing low nickel matte by smelting, reducing and vulcanizing nickel oxide ore |
| NL2029142B1 (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2023-03-21 | Petrus Greyling Frederik | Process for smelting a metalliferous feedstock |
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