CN105408090A - 超声密封设备 - Google Patents

超声密封设备 Download PDF

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CN105408090A
CN105408090A CN201480031275.XA CN201480031275A CN105408090A CN 105408090 A CN105408090 A CN 105408090A CN 201480031275 A CN201480031275 A CN 201480031275A CN 105408090 A CN105408090 A CN 105408090A
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groove
ultrasonic sealing
ultrasonic
vibration generator
protrusion element
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CN105408090B (zh
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C·贝蒂
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I.M.A.工业机械自动化股份公司
IMA Industria Macchine Automatiche SpA
IMA Industries SRL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/087—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using both a rotary sonotrode and a rotary anvil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • B29C66/81417—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled being V-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • B29C66/81419—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled and flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81422—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being convex

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于密封条带形式的材料(1)的超声设备，包含：电力信号的发生器(9)；用于将电力信号转换成机械振动的转换器(9a)；围绕第一轴线(X2)旋转的超声振动发生器(2)；围绕与第一轴线(X2)平行的第二轴线(X4)旋转的砧座(4)；所述超声振动发生器(2)具有环形沟槽(6)，并且所述砧座(4)具有环形的凸出元件(7)；所述凸出元件(7)被配置成以与沟槽(6)一起沿着与第一轴线(X2)和第二轴线(X4)平行的方向运行，从而密封沿着与旋转的第一轴线(X2)和第二轴线(X4)垂直的方向(A)移动并经过超声振动发生器(2)和砧座(4)之间的薄片或条带形式的材料(1)，从而啮合沟槽(6)和突出元件(7)。

Description

超声密封设备
技术领域
本发明涉及被特别用于密封材料薄片或条带的超声密封设备。
背景技术
在密封设备的技术领域中，现有技术教示了超声密封设备的使用，因为这种类型的技术允许材料的精确的和“冷的”加工，例如密封热塑性膜的边缘。
超声密封设备包含：
-电力信号的发生器，通常具有20kHz至50kHz的频率；
-转换器，将电力信号转换为相同频率和确定振幅的机械振动；
-(任选的)放大器或者增幅器，提高机械振动的振幅；
-超声振动发生器(sonotrode)，将机械振动传递至将被密封的材料；和
-砧座，作为用于将被密封的材料和超声振动发生器的接触元件来运行。
实际上，热超声振动发生器通过接触将被密封的材料来传递能量，所述材料通过熔融而被密封。
现有技术存在两种类型的密封设备：所谓的“散热”设备，其中，超声振动发生器以交替的方式沿着朝向和远离将被密封的材料的单一方向移动，并且砧座为静止的或者旋转的；以及旋转密封设备，其中超声振动发生器和砧座通常围绕互相平行的旋转轴持续地旋转。
散热类型的密封设备的例子在专利WO2004/091894中示出。
旋转类型的密封设备的例子在专利US2012/0012258中示出。
在散热密封设备中，将被密封的材料通常间歇地移动，也就是说，其在密封过程中于砧座和超声振动发生器之间是静止的，并且一旦完成密封，就会远离砧座和超声振动发生器。这些密封设备的生产能力通常受到限制。
可替换地，将被密封的材料还可连续地移动，由此提高生产能力，但是材料与超声振动发生器和砧座之间的高程度的摩擦对密封质量具有负面影响，使材料产生褶皱并消散大量的能量。
旋转密封设备克服了散热密封器的摩擦问题，但是它们具有能量性质的其它缺陷，因为仅供给至超声振动发生器实际上会被用于密封的最小部分的能量。
实际上，在旋转密封设备中，超声振动发生器沿着各自的旋转轴轴向地振动，并沿着垂直于旋转轴的径向方向径向地振动。
仅径向振动会被用于密封，其对应于供给至超声振动发生器的全部能量的约四分之一。超声振动发生器的轴向振动并未被使用，并且因此会损失相应的能量(等于供给至超声振动发生器的全部能量的约四分之三)。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供克服了如上所述的现有技术缺陷的特别是用于密封条带形式的材料的超声密封设备。
更具体的是，本发明的目的在于提供高能量效率的超声密封设备，其具有降低的运行成本，并有利地能够对薄片或条带形式的材料形成高质量的密封。
这些目的通过根据本发明的在所附权利要求中表征的超声密封设备而完全地实现。
更具体的是，用于有利地密封条带形式的材料的超声密封设备包含电力信号的发生器；用于将电力转换为机械振动的转换器；围绕第一轴线旋转并具有第一外周表面的超声振动发生器；和围绕与第一轴线平行的第二轴线旋转并具有第二外周表面的砧座。
根据本发明，在第一外周表面和第二外周表面之间具有沟槽。有利地，所述沟槽为环形的。更有利地，所述沟槽为连续的。替代地，所述沟槽为不连续的。
同样根据本发明，第一外周表面和第二外周表面之间还具有凸出元件。有利地，所述凸出元件为连续的；替代地，所述凸出元件为不连续的，或者换句话说，其由至少两个连续的弯曲部件构成。不连续的凸出元件经设计以与连续沟槽和具有相应的不连续性的不连续沟槽连接。
同样根据本发明，所述凸出元件还被配置成至少在轴向上(即至少沿着与第一轴线和第二轴线平行的方向)与沟槽一起操作，从而密封沿着与旋转的第一轴线和第二轴线垂直的方向移动并经过使沟槽和凸出元件啮合的超声振动发生器和砧座之间的条带形式的材料。
有利地，凸出元件与沟槽啮合预定的深度。
这种沟槽和凸出元件的组合结构使得其能够使用通过超声振动发生器沿着与超声振动发生器的旋转轴平行的轴所产生的振动来密封材料：因此，特别地，沿着超声振动发生器轴向产生的振动会被至少部分地使用，从而获得正在供给的并在超声振动发生器和砧座之间插入的材料的密封。
这种特征使得其能够使用超声振动发生器振动的主要部分(即轴向振动)来执行密封。
然而，应当注意的是，沟槽-凸出元件结构还使得其能够使用径向振动作为次要密封效应。
在沟槽内，凸出元件的存在使得其能够获得材料在密封区域内精确的和稳定的定位，以及材料在期望位置或区域内的高质量和高速度的密封。
附图说明
本发明在下文参考附图进行描述，其描述了本发明非限制性的实施例，并且其中：
-图1描述了根据本发明第一优选实施例的被特别用于条带形式的材料的超声密封设备的示意性侧视图，其中一些部分被切除以更好地示出其它部分；
-图2描述了图1的超声密封设备的前视图；
-图3描述了根据本发明第二优选实施例的被特别用于条带形式的材料的超声密封设备的示意性侧视图，其中一些部分被切除以更好地示出其它部分；
-图4描述了图3的超声密封设备的前视图；
-图5至10描述了与图1相关的细节B，示出了超声振动发生器和砧座的相应的替代实施例。
本发明优选实施例的详细说明
图1和2描述了根据本发明的第一优选实施例的超声密封设备100，有利地用于密封条带或者薄片形式的材料1，所述超声密封设备100包含电力信号的发生器9，用于将电力信号转换为机械振动的转换器9a，超声振动发生器2和砧座4。
可选地，所述设备100可以包含放大器9b，用于放大来自转换器9a的机械振动。
更详细地，电力信号的发生器9连接至转换器9a，转换器9a进而连接至放大器9b，如果存在放大器9b的话(如在图1中描述的实施例)，放大器9b连接至超声振动发生器2。如果不存在放大器9b，那么转换器9a将直接连接至超声振动发生器2。
超声振动发生器2可以围绕第一轴线X2旋转，并具有第一外周表面3(发射器)。
超声振动发生器2主要接收来自放大器9b的轴向振动FA，即与第一轴线X2平行的振动方向上的振动，并且还接收径向振动FR，即与第一轴线X2垂直的振动方向上的振动。因此，换句话说，超声振动发生器2沿着第一轴线X2轴向地振动，产生轴向振动FA，并垂直于第一轴线X2径向地振动，产生径向振动FR。
超声振动发生器2包括第一轴10，其定义第一外周表面3。更具体地，第一外周表面3通过围绕第一轴线X2延伸的外部侧面圆柱形壳体的至少一部分来标识。
有利地，第一轴10具有在垂直于第一轴线X2的平面上的截面，其为圆形的形状，可以具有沿着第一轴线X2变化的半径。
砧座4围绕与第一轴线X2平行的第二轴线X4旋转，并具有第二外周表面5。
砧座4包括第二轴11，其定义第二外周表面5。更具体地，第二外周表面5通过围绕第二轴线X4延伸的外部侧面圆柱形壳体的至少一部分来定义。
有利地，第二轴11具有在垂直于第二轴线X4的平面上的截面，其为圆形的形状，可以具有沿着第二轴线X4变化的半径。
超声振动发生器2连接至驱动单元，其使得所述超声振动发生器2围绕第一轴线X2旋转。
砧座4连接至另一个驱动单元，其使得所述砧座4围绕第二轴线X4旋转。
优选地，超声振动发生器2和砧座4(即第一轴10和第二轴11)连接至单独的驱动单元8(如在图1和3中所描述的实施例)，用于以同步的方式相互旋转。应当注意到，超声振动发生器2和砧座4具有相反的旋转方向V2和V4。还应当注意到，第一外周表面3和第二外周表面5相互之间具有定义密封操作区域的最小切线距离。
参见在图1和2中所示的第一优选实施例，超声振动发生器2包含在第一外周表面3上构成的环形沟槽6，同时砧座4在第二外周表面5上具有凸出元件7。凸出元件7有利地具有环形的形状。
根据本发明，凸出元件7被配置成与沟槽6至少在轴向上(即沿着与第一轴线X2和第二轴线X4平行的方向)配合操作，从而密封沿着与第一旋转轴X2和第二旋转轴X4垂直的方向A移动并经过超声振动发生器2和砧座4之间的条带形式的材料1，从而啮合沟槽6和突出元件7。
应当注意到，沟槽6和凸出元件7被配置并调整尺寸以使得对于在第一外周表面3和第二外周表面5相互之间的最小切线距离的区域中的相互渗透(在使用时)来说，从而在条带形式的材料1上产生动态夹合。
应当注意到这种沟槽6和凸出元件7的相互渗透定义了密封操作区域，其与由第一外周表面3和第二外周表面5定义的平坦表面(相互面向)相隔离，并且相互间距数值D。
换句话说，第一外周表面3和第二外周表面5相互之间的最小切线距离的区域被分为第一非操作区域(由间距为D的两个外周表面3和5的平坦表面定义)和第二密封操作区域(有限的)，所述第二密封操作区域通过在沟槽6和凸出元件7之间的相对渗透来定义。
有利地，凸出元件7和沟槽6各自具有横向截面不同的几何结构。
换句话说，凸出元件7和沟槽6具有相互之间并未紧密配合的几何形状(也就是说，它们并未被成型为相互耦合)。
有利地，凸出元件7在横向截面上具有能够渗透至沟槽6内深度P的几何结构，所述深度P小于沟槽6的最大深度。
因此，由于在砧座4和超声振动发生器2的旋转过程中，凸出元件7在沟槽6内的渗透，条带形式的材料1就能够使用轴向振动FA来密封，所述轴向振动FA沿着第一轴线X2传播(也参见图5至10)。
如下所示的，如果沟槽6和凸出元件7具有特别的几何和/或空间结构(例如沟槽6的倾斜壁面和/或合适的大的底部)，那么径向振动FR与轴向振动FA一起作用，也能够有助于密封所述材料。
由于对材料1的连续的动态夹合作用，超声密封设备100允许条带形式的材料1以精确的和牢固的方式密封，这允许对经过密封操作区域的条带形式的材料1形成挤压：这允许在期望位置和区域对密封精确地控制。
优选地，沟槽6沿着第一外周表面3连续地延伸。可替换地，沟槽6沿着第一外周表面3可以不连续地延伸。
鉴于此，沟槽6围绕第一外周表面3形成环形凹部。沟槽6垂直于第一轴线X2延伸。
优选地，凸出元件7围绕第二外周表面5具有连续的环形延伸部分。
替代地，为了在条带形式的材料1上形成不连续的密封，凸出元件7可以围绕第二外周表面5具有不连续的环形延伸部分。例如，凸出元件7的环形不连续的延伸部分可以使用相等长度或不同长度的弯曲伸展部分来获得，其以相同的或不同的角距离呈角度地间隔。
凸出元件7垂直于第二轴线X4延伸。
优选地，凸出元件7插入至第二外周表面5内。鉴于此，由于磨损或者尺寸变化，凸出元件7可以容易地和快速地替换。
替代地，凸出元件7可制成为一件式的，即与第二外周表面5整合为一体。
凸出元件7的不连续的环形延伸部分可以是与具有相应的不连续延伸部分的沟槽6相对应的，或者与具有连续延伸部分的沟槽6相对应的。
应当注意到，凸出元件7部分地啮合沟槽6预定的深度P，从而构建条带形式的材料1的第二密封操作区域。
鉴于此，深度P构建了第二密封操作区域的高度，其不同于形成沟槽6的外周表面3或5和形成凸出元件7的外周表面5或3之间的距离D(深度P的数值通过沟槽6和凸出元件7的构型和空间来定义)。
这种外周表面3和5的距离与深度P之间的差值决定了沟槽6的表面和凸出元件7的表面之间并排的位置，其经设计以允许使用轴向振动进行密封。凸出元件7和沟槽6具有相应的几何和空间构型，其允许超声振动发生器2轴向地和径向地(即分别对应于与第一轴线X2平行和垂直于其的方向)振动。
图3和4描述了本发明的第二优选实施例，其与在图1和2中描述的第一优选实施例的不同之处在于环形沟槽6形成于第二外周表面5上(即砧座4上)，同时凸出元件7与第一外周表面3相关(即与超声振动发生器2相关)。
图5至10描述了本发明其它的优选实施例，相互之间的不同之处在于沟槽6和凸出元件7的形状。尽管所提及的是图1和2的第一优选实施例，即沟槽6与超声振动发生器2相关并且凸出元件7与砧座4相关的实施例，但是图5至10的实施例还可有利地应用于图3和4的本发明的第二优选实施例，其中沟槽6与砧座4相关，并且凸出元件7与超声振动发生器2相关。
鉴于此，沟槽6包含底部6a，第一侧壁6b和第二侧壁6c。所述沟槽具有宽度为L的缝隙。
同样鉴于此，凸出元件7包含端头13，第一侧面130a和第二侧面130b。端头13具有宽度S，其小于沟槽6的缝隙的尺寸L，从而允许凸出元件7部分地啮合沟槽6深度P。
鉴于此，凸出元件7与沟槽6的底部6a、第一侧壁6b和第二侧壁6c中的一个或多个、或者所有的三个一起作用(参见图5至10)，从而定义条带形式的材料1的一个或多个密封操作区域。
如在图5-10中所示的，取决于凸出元件7和/或沟槽6的相对的几何和/或空间构型，密封操作区域可以具有不同的尺寸，从而使得它们满足不同的操作需求。
在下文的说明中，相同的或者基本上类似的元件使用相同的附图标记表示。
在图5描述的实施例中，沟槽6具有“V”形的横向截面或形状(由从定义“V”的顶点的底部6a延伸的侧壁6b和6c定义)，并且凸出元件7所具有的横向截面具有基本上平行于第二侧壁6c的侧斜面12和具有恰当圆形的角部12a。侧斜面12将端头13连接至第二侧面130b。角部12a将端头13连接至第一侧面130a。
角部12a形成具有相对减小尺寸的密封操作区域。替代地，沿着第二侧壁6c设置侧斜面12，即以沿着第二侧壁6c设置斜面12的方式恰当地调整凸出元件7的尺寸，就能够形成具有相对大尺寸的密封操作区域。换句话说，侧斜面12可以替换或者施加至角部12a，用于密封条带形式的材料1。
因此，清楚的是，根据凸出元件7和沟槽6的相对的几何和/或空间构型，仅角部12a形成相对减小尺寸的密封操作区域，或者仅侧斜面12形成相对大尺寸的密封操作区域，或者角部12a和侧斜面12一起形成各自尺寸的各个密封操作区域。
在图5的实施例中，超声振动发生器2的主要的轴向振动FA和次要的径向振动FR作用于熔接条带形式的材料1。
在图6中描述的实施例中，沟槽6具有如在图5的实施例中的“V”形的横向截面或形状，并且凸出元件7所具有的横向截面具有角部12a和另一个角部12b，其具有恰当的圆形，分别与沟槽6的第一侧壁6b和第二侧壁6c结合，形成两个不同的具有相对较小尺寸的密封操作区域。
另一个角部12b将端头13连接至第二侧面130b。简而言之，相对于图5的实施例，另一个角部12b替代斜面12。
在图7中所描述的实施例中，沟槽6具有如在图5和6的实施例中的“V”形横向截面或形状，并且凸出元件7的操作头13具有圆形的截面。
操作头13与沟槽6的第一侧壁6b和第二侧壁6c一起形成两个不同的密封操作区域，其比在图6的实施例中获得的密封操作区域的尺寸大。图7的实施例可有利地用于密封减小厚度的或者较低阻力并频繁断裂的条带形式的材料1。
在图8描述的实施例中，沟槽6具有不规则的横向截面或形状，并包含底部6a、第一侧壁6b和第二侧壁6c，另一个壁面6d，其连接沟槽6的第二侧壁6c和底部6a。有利地，在图8描述的实施例中，另一个壁面6d基本上垂直于第一旋转轴X2。将会理解的是，在未示出的替换实施例中，另一个壁面6d可以具有不同的方向，或者换句话说，另一个壁面6d可以相对于第二侧壁6c形成不同的角度。
鉴于此，凸出元件7具有基本上如图5的实施例的横向截面，其具有角部12a和侧斜面12。边缘12a与第一侧壁6b一起形成尺寸相对较小的第一密封操作区域。侧斜面12基本上平行于第二侧壁6c，通过其形成尺寸相对较大的第二密封区域。实际上，第二侧壁6c决定了第二密封操作区域的尺寸。
在图9描述的实施例中，沟槽6具有“U”形的横向截面或者形状，其具有平坦的底部6a和基本上平行于第二侧壁6c的第一侧壁6b。
鉴于此，凸出元件7的操作头13具有圆形的横向截面，基本上如在图7的实施例中所示的。操作头13与沟槽6的第一侧壁6b和第二侧壁6c一起形成两个不同的密封操作区域。图9的实施例可有利地用于密封减小厚度的或较低阻力的并频繁断裂的条带形式的材料1。
再次参见图9的实施例，通过使凸出元件7恰当地结合至底部6a附近，还能够在沟槽6的底部6a获得第三密封操作区域，其使用超声振动发生器2的径向振动FR。
在图10描述的实施例中，沟槽6具有如图5-7的实施例的“V”形横向截面或形状，并且凸出元件7具有角部12a和另一个角部12b，其具有恰当的圆形，分别与沟槽6的第一侧壁6b和第二侧壁6c一起形成两个不同的相对减小尺寸的密封操作区域。凸出元件7在操作头13还具有中央沟槽13a，其与沟槽6形成用于条带形式的材料1的大的工作空间。
如所提及的，在图5-10中描述的实施例可有利地用于图1和2的第一优选实施例，以及图3和4的第二优选实施例。
此外，在本发明的替换实施例中，如在图5-10中所示的实施例中描述的沟槽6和凸出元件7的未描述的组合是可能的。仅作为示例，将图6的凸出元件7(具有两个恰当圆形的角部)和图9的U形沟槽组合是可能的。在这一实施例中，如果凸出元件7与沟槽6的底部6a相距足够远，就能够单独地使用超声振动发生器2的轴向振动FA；与之相反，通过将凸出元件7定位成位于沟槽6的底部6a附近的合适位置，就还能够使用径向振动FR。
根据本发明未描述的另一种替代实施例，能够对在图5-10中描述的那些沟槽和凸出元件的形状作出改进。例如，能够使凸出元件7成型为具有第一侧斜面和第二侧斜面，经设计以使得每个侧斜面与各自的沟槽侧壁一起操作。在本发明未描述的另一种替换实施例中，侧斜面12可以形成于凸出元件7上，在(图7和9中所示类型的)操作头13处具有圆形的横向截面。
此外，沟槽6可以具有弯曲的或者基本上半圆形的横向截面或形状，并可有利地结合至如上所述的凸出元件的任何一者。鉴于此，具有半圆形横向截面或形状的沟槽可有利地结合至具有在图7和9中所示类型的相应的圆形或半圆形横向截面的凸出元件，由此完全使用轴向振动FA和径向振动FR，并获得对供给至超声振动发生器的电力的最大程度的使用。
本发明提供了使用如上所述的密封设备来密封条带形式的材料1(热塑性的)的方法。
所述方法包含如下的步骤：
-沿着如上所述的方向A供给将被密封的条带形式的材料1，从而使其将被密封的部分、沟槽6和凸出元件7相互啮合(插入)；
-将轴向振动传递至旋转超声振动发生器2以沿着平行于第一轴线X2和第二轴线X4的方向轴向地振动，沟槽6或凸出元件以这样的方式来密封条带1的将被密封的部分，即通过将被密封的部分与沟槽6和凸出元件7之间的振动接触。
优选地，在供给步骤期间，将被密封的条带1的部分与沟槽6的至少侧表面相啮合，并插入至凸出元件的截面或表面上。
替代地，在供给步骤期间，将被密封的条带1的部分与形成沟槽6的至少两个表面(还是相邻的)相啮合，并插入至形成凸出元件7的两个不同的截面或部分上。
再次可替代地，在供给步骤期间，将被密封的条带1的部分啮合形成沟槽6的两个表面和底部。
与现有技术的设备相比，本发明使得其能够实现不同的优点：
-更大地利用供给至超声振动发生器的能量，即轴向振动以及径向振动的利用；
-用于操作所述设备所需要的精确控制和能量的节约；
-更佳的密封质量，因为其能够使得材料在密封区域中的精确和稳定的定位与材料在期望位置或区域的高质量和高速度的密封相结合；
-消除密封设备和将被密封的材料之间的摩擦，并因此克服供给材料并防止在材料上形成褶皱的问题。

Claims (11)

1.一种超声密封设备，包括：
-电信号发生器(9)；
-用于将电信号转换成机械振动的转换器(9a)；
-围绕第一轴线(X2)旋转并具有第一外周表面(3)的超声振动发生器(2)；以及
-围绕与第一轴线(X2)平行的第二轴线(X4)旋转并具有第二外周表面(5)的砧座(4)；
其特征在于：
-所述第一外周表面(3)和所述第二外周表面(5)之间具有环形沟槽(6)；和
-所述第二外周表面(5)和所述第一外周表面(3)之间分别具有环形的凸出元件(7)；所述凸出元件(7)被配置成啮合所述沟槽(6)达预定深度(P)，并至少沿着与所述第一轴线(X2)和所述第二轴线(X4)平行的方向轴向地与沟槽(6)一起操作，从而以这样的方式密封将被密封的材料(1)，即所述材料沿着与第一轴线(X2)和第二轴线(X2)垂直的方向(A)移动并经过超声振动发生器(2)和砧座(4)之间，从而啮合所述沟槽(6)和所述凸出元件(7)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超声密封设备，其特征在于，所述沟槽(6)为连续的。
3.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的超声密封设备，其特征在于，所述凸出元件(7)为连续的。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的超声密封设备，其特征在于，所述凸出元件(7)为不连续的。
5.根据权利要求4所述的超声密封设备，其特征在于，所述沟槽(6)为不连续的。
6.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的超声密封设备，其特征在于，所述沟槽(6)具有宽度为L的缝隙，并且所述凸出元件(7)具有宽度为S的操作头(13)，所述宽度S小于所述沟槽(6)的缝隙的宽度L。
7.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的超声密封设备，其特征在于，将所述凸出元件(7)插入至所述第一外周表面(3)或所述第二外周表面(5)。
8.根据权利要求1-6中的任一项所述的超声密封设备，其特征在于，所述凸出元件(7)与所述第一外周表面(3)或所述第二外周表面(5)整合在一起。
9.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的超声密封设备，其特征在于，所述沟槽(6)具有“V”形、或者“U”形、或者弯曲形状的横向截面或形状。
10.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的超声密封设备，其特征在于，所述超声振动发生器(2)的第一外周表面(3)具有所述凸出元件(7)，而所述砧座(4)的第二外周表面(5)具有所述沟槽(6)。
11.根据权利要求1-9中的任一项所述的超声密封设备，其特征在于，所述超声振动发生器(2)的第一外周表面(3)具有所述沟槽(6)，而所述砧座(4)的第二外周表面(5)具有凸出元件(7)。
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