CN105377936B - 用于复合物粘合的结构pu粘着剂 - Google Patents

用于复合物粘合的结构pu粘着剂 Download PDF

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CN105377936B
CN105377936B CN201480040246.XA CN201480040246A CN105377936B CN 105377936 B CN105377936 B CN 105377936B CN 201480040246 A CN201480040246 A CN 201480040246A CN 105377936 B CN105377936 B CN 105377936B
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adhesion agent
voranol
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CN105377936A (zh
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A·卢茨
D·施耐德
S·施马特洛赫
I·卡德尔斯
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Dow Chemical Co
DDP Specialty Electronic Materials US LLC
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Abstract

一种新颖聚氨基甲酸酯(PU)粘着剂组合物，其在汽车相关应用，如复合物粘合中具有独特特性。

Description

用于复合物粘合的结构PU粘着剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在汽车相关应用，如复合物粘合中具有独特特性的新颖聚氨基甲酸酯(PU)粘着剂组合物。
背景技术
汽车部件或整个模块的结构复合物粘合通常需要在以高模量(约100到300MPa)与相对高断裂伸长率(100％到200％)装配之后的立即粘合强度。为了易于处理，使用单组分(1K)组合物的简单应用为所需的。也需要的是在开放时间(在粘着剂应用之后的部分装配)内在不具有活化且具有柔性的情况下的组合物与碳纤维强化聚合物(CFRP)或片状模制化合物(SMC)部分的粘着。当前可商购的双组分(2K)PU粘着剂组合物通常需要复杂应用系统和复杂处理步骤。其也展现开放时间内的有限柔性。但是，基于环氧树脂的粘着剂需要相对高烘箱温度以使树脂固化。
发明内容
本发明提供具有显著较高弹性模量(e-模量)且在80℃以上到约150℃热可固化的组合物。确切地说，本发明提供一种具有50MPa以上，在一些优选实施例中100MPa以上，且在一些更优选实施例中200MPa以上的弹性模量的1KPU组合物。结构复合物粘合需要粘着剂组合物的此类较高E模量特性。整体伸长率随模数增加的损失在工业中可接受。粘着剂组合物的高模量通过在组合物中包括多酚化合物，如双酚A、M或其衍生物实现。在优选实施例中，o，o′-二烯丙基-双酚A(ODBA)包括于粘着剂组合物中。在另一实施例中，使用较高官能性脂族多元醇。在另一实施例中，除较高官能性脂族多元醇以外，还使用多酚以使整体伸长率的损失最小化。较高官能性脂族多元醇可选自短链较高官能性多元醇，如三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)、VoranolTM CP 450(可从陶氏化学公司(The Dow Chemical Company)购得)，和异戊四醇。在另一实施例中，可通过使用脂族多元醇(官能性大于2)实现类似高模量，同时整体伸长率显著较低。
附图说明
图1为用于本发明中的一些二聚异氰酸酯的的化学结构的图示。
具体实施方式
本发明组合物的高模量通过在粘着剂组合物中使用多酚化合物，如双酚A、M、K或其衍生物，且优选地o，o′-二烯丙基-双酚A(ODBA)实现。也可以使用具有大于2的官能性的脂族多元醇，如VoranolTM CP 450或VoranolTM CP4610。在一些实施例中，使用双酚A和基于双酚A的化学结构，包括羟烷基取代结构(至多C3)、具有一或多个羟基的基于酚的结构或羟烷基取代结构(至多C5)。在本发明的优选实施例中，使用o，o′-二烯丙基-双酚A。以组合物的总重量计，组合物通常包含0.1到80重量％，优选地1到60重量％，且更优选地3到50重量％的此类多酚。
除上述多酚以外，本发明组合物也包含囊封二聚异氰酸酯，如二聚二异氰酸甲苯酯(TDI-脲二酮或Metalink U；或TDI-脲-Metalink H)、二聚亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI-脲二酮)(可从陶氏化学公司或阿西马(Acima)购得)或其混合物。图1说明用于本发明中的一些二聚异氰酸酯实施例的化学结构。囊封方法为行业中已知的且与EP 1433802和EP1876197中描述的那些类似，所述专利均全文并入本文中。以组合物的总重量计，本发明组合物通常包含1到80重量％，优选地3到60重量％，且更优选地5到50重量％的此类囊封二聚异氰酸酯。
此外，一些胺用于本发明中。使用胺以通过使二聚异氰酸酯聚结物表面去活化而形成囊封。多元胺，如来自JeffamineTM系列(购自亨茨曼(Huntsman))的那些，例如Jeffamine D 230、D 400、ED 600、T 403和来自C4达至C20的所有其它直链脂族二胺可以用于本发明中。这些多元胺用于通过囊封二聚异氰酸酯而去活化。以组合物的总重量计，本发明组合物可以含有0.5到5重量％，优选地0.8到5重量％，且更优选地1到4重量％的胺。
在本发明的一些实施例中，粘着剂组合物包含Jeffamin T-5000。如果囊封不稳定，那么囊封材料将通过添加Jeffamine T-5000部分胶凝。在此类实施例中，以组合物的总重量计，组合物可以含有0.5到5重量％，优选地0.8到3重量％，且更优选地1到2重量％的Jeffamine T-5000。
本发明组合物也包含以组合物的总重量计0.001到5重量％，优选地0.01到2重量％且更优选地0.02到1.5重量％的量的一或多种催化剂。此类催化剂的实例包括Sn-、Zr-、Ti-金属-有机物且优选地Bi-新癸酸，且更优选地与螯合配体组合的这些提及的催化剂化合物。
本发明组合物还可以包括以组合物的总重量计1到80重量％，优选地6到60重量％，且更优选地8到40重量％的量的一些填充剂。用于本发明中的填充剂包括碳黑、基于高岭土类型的填充剂(例如PoleStar TM R200(购自伊莫瑞斯(Imerys)))、滑石、CaCO3等。
实例
本发明可通过以下非限制性实例进一步展示。
测试方法
E模量、拉伸强度和伸长率、哑铃标本使用DIN EN ISO 527-1测试。哑铃标本尺寸5A。
搭接剪切使用DIN EN 1465以10×25mm的粘合尺寸和2mm的粘着层厚度测试。
E-涂层使用由巴斯夫(BASF)供应的Cathoguard 500测试，涂层厚度：20-22μm+/-2-3μm
原料清单和来源
表1描述用于制备样品的原料和其来源。
表1原料
制备样品
表2概括用于制备本发明和比较样品两者的组分和其量。样品A、B和C为本发明的实施例，而样品D、E和G为用于与本发明样品比较制备的比较(参考)样品。本发明样品A到C含有多酚化合物，如o，o′-二烯丙基双酚A(ODBA)，其改进弹性模量和机械强度(例如搭接剪切强度)，同时保持整体伸长率与比较样品D到G相当。本发明组合物使用不同量的ODBA和仅少量的低分子量二醇。比较样品不含ODBA，但在样品D和G的情况下使用显著较高量的低分子量二醇(Voranol CP 450)。比较样品E既不含低分子量二醇也不含ODBA。
表2使用的样品组分和量
在表2中列出的所有样品通过以下程序制备：
样品B、D、E和G(具有碳黑的组合物)
预混物1：
将所列量的Voranol 1010L、Jeffamine D-400和Jeffamine ED-600添加到实验室行星混合器中且将其在氮气下在10Hz和50℃下混合5min。
预混物2：
将所列量的Voranol CP4610、Jeffamine D-400和Jeffamine ED-600添加到实验室行星混合器中且将其在氮气下在10Hz和50℃下混合5min。随后持续10min在氮气下在10Hz和50℃下添加所列量的Metalink U。在此步骤之后，将所列量的预混物1添加到实验室行星混合器中且将其在氮气下在10Hz和50℃下混合10min。为了控制囊封，添加JeffamineT-5000到混合物中且将其在氮气下在10Hz和50℃下混合5min。如果未观测到胶凝，那么聚异氰酸酯的囊封考虑为对于随后步骤可接受的。
主要混合物：
将所列量的Voranol CP4610、Voranol 1010L、Voranol CP450 Mile-Res 550(o，o′-二烯丙基双酚A)、BiCat 8108、Printex 30、Polestar 200R和Purmol 4ST添加到实验室行星混合器中且将其在氮气下在10Hz和35℃下混合15min。
随后添加所列量的预混物2且将混合物在氮气下在10Hz和35℃下混合10min。随后施加真空到实验室行星混合器且将其再在10Hz和35℃下混合20min以用于除气。
样品A和C(不具有碳黑C的组合物)
预混物1：
将所列量的Voranol 1010L、Jeffamine D-400和Jeffamine ED-600添加到实验室行星混合器中且将其在氮气下在10Hz和50℃下混合5min。
预混物2：
将所列量的Voranol CP4610、Jeffamine D-400和Jefamine ED-600添加到实验室行星混合器中且将其在氮气下在10Hz和50℃下混合5min。随后持续10min在氮气下在10Hz和50℃下添加所列量的Metalink U。在此步骤之后，[μl]将所列量的预混物1添加到实验室行星混合器中且将其在氮气下在10Hz和50℃下混合10min。为了控制囊封，将所列量的Jeffamin T-5000添加到混合物且将其在氮气下在50Hz和5℃下混合5min。如果未观测到胶凝，那么聚异氰酸酯的囊封为可接受的。
主要混合物：
将所列量的Voranol CP4610、Voranol 1010L、Voranol CP450、Mile-Res 550(o，o′-二烯丙基双酚)、BiCat 8108、Cabosil T-720、Polestar 200R、Alraldite DW 015蓝和Purmol 4ST添加到实验室行星混合器中且将其在氮气下在10Hz和35℃下混合15min。随后，添加所列量的预混物2且将混合物在氮气下在10Hz和35℃下混合10min。随后施加真空到实验室行星混合器且将其再在10Hz和35℃下混合20min以用于除气。
测试结果
对样品进行一些机械性能测试并且测试结果概述于下文表3中。
表3机械性能
表3明显地展示所有本发明样品A到C显示高伸长率值、高弹性模量和更高搭接剪切强度值。具有较高量的低分子量二醇但不具有ODBA的比较样品D和G显示高弹性模量但减少的整体伸长率和机械强度值。不含低分子量二醇且不含ODBA的比较样品E显示显著较低e-模量但与一些本发明样品类似的整体伸长率。
使用刚性多酚化合物(如ODBA)代替常用较低分子量二醇显示类似弹性模量处的整体伸长率的显著改进。较高整体伸长率导致粘附结合的接头的较好碰撞性能。
表4说明粘附结合的碳纤维强化聚合物(获自奥迪(Audi))或塑料衬底的搭接剪切结果。使用o，o′-二烯丙基双酚A的本发明调配物B显示优于比较/参考调配物E的高静态搭接剪切强度和良好内聚失效模式。
表4：复合材料上的搭接剪切强度
表4实验中使用的衬底为碳纤维复合物(基于环氧树脂)且通过使用真空研磨来磨碎。粘着层厚度：0.2mm；粘合尺寸：10×25mm；清洁：庚烷；固化条件：115℃/15min；CF表示内聚失效；SCF表示表面封闭内聚失效；且AF表示粘着失效。

Claims (4)

1.一种单组分粘着剂组合物，其包含以所述粘着剂组合物的总重量计3到50重量％的o,o'-二烯丙基-双酚A、以所述粘着剂组合物的总重量计5到50重量％的使用脂族多元胺以通过使二聚异氰酸酯表面去活化而形成囊封的选自二聚二异氰酸甲苯酯和二聚亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯的二聚异氰酸酯、官能性大于2的脂族多元醇和催化剂；其中所述组合物具有50MPa以上的弹性模量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述催化剂包含Sn-、Zr-、Ti-、Bi-金属-有机化合物或其混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述催化剂包含Bi-新癸酸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述催化剂为与螯合配体组合的Sn-、Zr-、Ti-或Bi-金属-有机化合物。
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