CN105370847A - Double-cone friction transmission self-adaptation automatic speed changing spindle assembly - Google Patents
Double-cone friction transmission self-adaptation automatic speed changing spindle assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN105370847A CN105370847A CN201510565718.XA CN201510565718A CN105370847A CN 105370847 A CN105370847 A CN 105370847A CN 201510565718 A CN201510565718 A CN 201510565718A CN 105370847 A CN105370847 A CN 105370847A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/0018—Shaft assemblies for gearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H15/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
- F16H15/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members without members having orbital motion
- F16H15/04—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
- F16H15/44—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which two members of non-uniform effective diameter directly co-operate with one another
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
- F16H57/043—Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
- F16H57/0473—Friction devices, e.g. clutches or brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
- F16D41/06—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface
- F16D41/064—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by rolling and having a circular cross-section, e.g. balls
- F16D2041/0646—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by rolling and having a circular cross-section, e.g. balls the intermediate coupling members moving between recesses in an inner race and recesses in an outer race
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Friction Gearing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-cone friction transmission self-adaptation automatic speed changing spindle assembly which comprises a transmission shaft, a slow-gear transmission mechanism and a mechanical intelligent self-adaptation speed changing assembly. Friction faces of drive friction discs and friction faces of driven friction discs of the mechanical intelligent self-adaptation gear changing assembly are in double-cone-face friction transmission. According to the double-cone friction transmission self-adaptation automatic speed changing spindle assembly, the friction discs are adopted to form a separating and combining structure, the beneficial effect of the sensitive response is achieved, and the axial size is small; meanwhile, the structure that the radial sections of the friction faces are trapezoidal annular protrusions are embedded in annular grooves is adopted, double cone faces are formed, the friction faces are disconnected, and therefore coaxiality of the drive friction discs and the driven friction discs is ensured easily, the friction faces are easily enlarged, and good transmission is ensured under the limited elasticity conditions; and sensitivity of separating and combining is easily ensured, transmission precision is improved, and the assembly is suitable for the field of electric vehicles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle transmission, particularly a kind of bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly.
Background technique
In prior art, automobile, motorcycle, electric bicycle are all directly control closure or Current Control speed by speed-regulating handle or accelerator pedal substantially, or adopt hand-control mechanical automatic automatic transmission mode to realize speed change.The operation of driver is depended in the operation of handle or accelerator pedal completely, operation usually can be caused not mate with garage situation, cause motor fluctuation of service, occur stall phenomenon.
Motor Vehicle when by rider when not knowing running resistance, only rule of thumb operate the speed change gear of control, there is following problem unavoidably: 1. start, go up a slope and heavy load time, due to running resistance increase, force motor speed decline work in inefficient district.2., owing to not having mechanical transmission to adjust moment of torsion and speed, can only promote the use of in plains region, use under mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions can not be met, reduce using scope; 3. driving wheel place installing space is little, is difficult to hold automatic transmission and other new technology again after having installed motor or motor; 4. do not possess adaptive function, automatically can not detect, revise and get rid of the error in operation of driver; 5., when speed of a motor vehicle change is unexpected, power of motor and running resistance must be caused to be difficult to mate.6. continue apart from short, grade ability is poor, accommodation is little.
In order to overcome the above problems, present inventor has invented a series of cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, utilize running resistance driving cam, reach automaitc shfit and the object according to running resistance Adaptive matching speed of a motor vehicle output torque, there is good effect; Although aforesaid cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device has above-mentioned advantage, stability and high efficiency comparatively prior art improve a lot, but parts thereof structure is comparatively complicated, speed changer volume is larger, the distortion of long-term operation component obviously, does not have stable support, causes running noises larger, affect running comfort and affect transmission efficiency, thus energy consumption is higher; Further, speed shelves engage, separating mechanism axial engagement face stroke is long, and Detaching and Lapping is thorough not, and be unfavorable for improving transmission accuracy, long period can affect overall form and position tolerance after using, thus affects the stability of transmission.
Therefore, one is needed to improve above-mentioned cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, not only can self adaption automatically carry out when not cutting off driving force with traveling change in resistance shifted, solve moment of torsion-rotation speed change little problem that can not meet complex condition road occupation; Long-term operation still ensures stable support, reduces running noises, ensures running comfort and improves transmission efficiency, thus reduces energy consumption; Change the present situation that speed shelves engage, separating mechanism axial engagement face stroke is long, Detaching and Lapping fast and thoroughly, is beneficial to raising transmission accuracy, and long period still can ensure overall form and position tolerance after using, thus ensures the stability of transmission.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of side-hanging type self-adapting automatic gear shift device of waveform friction driving, not only can self adaption automatically carry out when not cutting off driving force with traveling change in resistance shifted, solve moment of torsion-rotation speed change little problem that can not meet complex condition road occupation; Long-term operation still ensures stable support, reduces running noises, ensures running comfort and improves transmission efficiency, thus reduces energy consumption; Change the present situation that speed shelves engage, separating mechanism axial engagement face stroke is long, Detaching and Lapping fast and thoroughly, is beneficial to raising transmission accuracy, and long period still can ensure overall form and position tolerance after using, thus ensures the stability of transmission.
Bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly of the present invention, comprises transmission shaft and is arranged on the mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly on transmission shaft;
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly comprises driven friction disk, active friction disk and speed change elastic element;
Active friction disk and driven friction disk form the disk-type friction transmission transmitting fast shelves in the mode that rubbing surface cooperatively interacts, adopt annular protrusion to embed the mode of circular groove between the rubbing surface of active friction disk and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk and form the disk-type friction transmission transmitting fast shelves, and the cross section of the cross section of annular protrusion and circular groove is trapezoidal active friction disk and the driven friction disk of making forms inside and outside Double-conical-surface friction driving; Speed change elastic element applies to make driven friction disk and active friction disk to fit the pretightening force of transmission; Described driven friction disk is coated at transmission shaft and is coordinated by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam with it.
Further, also comprise the free wheel device for transmitting slow shelves power, described free wheel device comprises outer ring, inner ring and rolling element, the engagement space being used for being engaged by rolling element or being separated is formed between described outer ring and inner ring, described outer ring axial end forms ring-shaped depression, and described inner ring is set in rotation with in this ring-shaped depression and engagement space is formed between the inwall of inner ring cylindrical and ring-shaped depression radial outside; Described active friction disk is for receiving power and inputing to free wheel device outer ring in use, and described free wheel device inner ring exports slow shelves transmission of power to driven friction disk;
Further, be rotatably assorted and be coated at transmission shaft and be at least provided with an intermediate cam cover, described intermediate cam is overlapped one end and driven friction disk and is coordinated by cam secondary I transmission, and the other end to be coordinated with the transmission of free wheel device inner ring by cam pair II and slow shelves power is passed to driven friction disk by the clutch end of intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring of described free wheel device surmounts in Power output sense of rotation and between outer ring, and during use, described active friction disk is coordinated with the outer ring transmission of free wheel device by intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism;
Further, described free wheel device also comprises Support roller assembly, described supporting roller assembly at least comprises and is parallel to free wheel device axis and support roll spaced with rolling element, described support roll cylindrical contacts with adjacent rolling element cylindrical, and described support roll is to arrange in the movable mode of the circumferencial direction of free wheel device;
Further, described inner ring axially extends the ring-shaped depression of outer ring and extension part inner circle has the inner ring supporting portion that can coordinate with transmission shaft, and described outer ring inner circle has the supporting portion, outer ring that can coordinate with transmission shaft; The cylindrical of described inner ring supporting portion forms external spiral cam I, and intermediate cam is arranged with internal spiral cam I, and this internal spiral cam I complements each other to form spiral prominence wheel set I with external spiral cam I, and described cam secondary II is spiral prominence wheel set I;
Further, described supporting roller assembly also comprises supporting roller support, and described support roll is with between the inwall that can slide and be supported in by supporting roller support around the mode of own axis the ring-shaped depression radial outside of outer ring along free wheel device circumferencial direction and inner ring cylindrical;
Further, described supporting roller support comprises the pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II that arrange corresponding to support roll two ends, described pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II are respectively equipped with the circular groove along pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II circumferencial direction for penetrating for support roll two ends, and described support roll two ends are slidably matched with corresponding circular groove; The ring-shaped depression of described outer ring is axially provided with for the oil-through hole by lubricant oil in bottom, and described pushing out ring I is positioned at the axial bottom of ring-shaped depression and the circular groove bottom land of pushing out ring I is provided with axial hole;
Further, the internal spiral cam II that described main transmission cam pair is provided with by described driven friction disk integrated driven disc axle sleeve inner circle and the internal spiral cam II that transmission shaft is provided with complement each other to form, and described active friction disk is mode can be coated at driven disc axle sleeve formation disk-type friction transmission in axial sliding;
Further, transmission bracket one end is connected with active friction disk and transmission coordinates, and the one end away from active friction disk is rotatably assorted and is supported in gearbox casing, the space of described speed change elastic element between transmission bracket and transmission shaft and be coated at transmission shaft.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly of the present invention, there is all advantages of existing cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, if detect driving torque-rotating speed and running resistance-vehicle speed signal according to running resistance, output power of motor and traveling state of vehicle is made to be in optimum Match state all the time, the balance realizing vehicle traction moment and comprehensive running resistance controls, and when not cutting off driving force, self adaption is carried out shifted with traveling change in resistance automatically; Use under can meeting mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions, make motor load change mild, motor vehicle operate steadily, and improve Security; Adopt friction disk to form the structure being separated and combining, there is sensitive advantage, and axial dimension is less; Simultaneously, adopt the structure that the trapezoidal annular protrusion of the radial cross section of rubbing surface and annular groove are fitted together to mutually, form Double-conical-surface, the joint in Decentralized Friction face, not only be beneficial to the coaxality ensureing active friction disk and driven friction disk, also be beneficial to increase rubbing surface, improve wear resistance, ensure to keep good transmission under limited elastic force condition; Also be beneficial to ensure be separated, engage sensitive, improve transmission accuracy, be applicable to electric automobiles.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is axial section structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is overrun clutch structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is free wheel device circumference sectional view.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is axial section structural representation of the present invention, Fig. 2 is overrun clutch structure schematic diagram, Fig. 3 is free wheel device circumference sectional view, as shown in the figure: bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly of the present invention, the mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly comprising transmission shaft 1, slow shelves driving mechanism and be arranged on transmission shaft 1;
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly comprises driven friction disk 5, active friction disk 6 and speed change elastic element 3;
Active friction disk 6 and driven friction disk 5 form the disk-type friction transmission transmitting fast shelves in the mode that rubbing surface cooperatively interacts, adopt annular protrusion to embed the mode of circular groove between the rubbing surface of active friction disk 6 and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk 5 and form the disk-type friction transmission transmitting fast shelves, and the cross section of the cross section of annular protrusion and circular groove is trapezoidal active friction disk 6 and the driven friction disk 5 of making forms inside and outside Double-conical-surface friction driving; As shown in the figure, the rubbing surface of active friction disk 6 is provided with circular groove (cross section is trapezoidal), the rubbing surface of driven friction disk 5 forms annular protrusion (cross section is trapezoidal), adopt circular groove to drive annular protrusion to carry out the mode of transmission, be more conducive to the carrying out of transmission and save driving power; Speed change elastic element 3 applies to make driven friction disk 5 and active friction disk 6 to fit the pretightening force of transmission; Described driven friction disk 5 is coated at transmission shaft 1 and is coordinated by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam with it; Disk-type friction transmission refers to be formed between driven friction disk 5, active friction disk 6 and can be separated or the structure of couple drive; Speed change elastic element 3 applies to make driven friction disk 5 and active friction disk 6 to fit the pretightening force of transmission; Described driven friction disk 5 is coated at transmission shaft 1 and is coordinated by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam with it.
In the present embodiment, also comprise the free wheel device for transmitting slow shelves power, described free wheel device comprises outer ring 8, inner ring 9 and rolling element 12, the engagement space being used for being engaged by rolling element or being separated is formed between described outer ring 8 and inner ring 9, described outer ring 8 axial end forms ring-shaped depression, and described inner ring 9 is set in rotation with in this ring-shaped depression and engagement space is formed between the inwall of inner ring 9 cylindrical and ring-shaped depression radial outside; Described active friction disk 6 is for receiving power and inputing to free wheel device outer ring 8 in use, and described free wheel device inner ring 9 exports slow shelves transmission of power to driven friction disk 5; The present invention is referred to for speed changer during above-mentioned use; The rolling element 12 of free wheel device and the structure in engagement space belong to prior art, do not repeat them here; Because outer ring 8 axial end forms ring-shaped depression, its warp-wise sectional view is then formed and is similar to arching, forms radial support after installing inner ring 9 to inner ring 9; Inner ring 9 is adopted to be positioned at the structure of the ring-shaped depression that outer ring 8 is formed, inner ring 9 embeds outer ring 8 from structure, make between inner ring 9 and outer ring 8, to form the impact mutually supported, inner ring 9 on conventional construction is avoided directly to be supported in the structure of transmission shaft 1, it also avoid the problem that driving error is exaggerated on free wheel device, not only ensure the global stability of free wheel device, also improve working life and running precision, be applicable to heavy duty and Environmental Conditions at a high speed; Intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism can be primary gear speed reducing transmission or other reducing transmission structures, and this intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism can ensure that active friction disk 6 is passed to the rotating speed of rotating speed lower than active friction disk 6 of the outer ring 8 of free wheel device; For realizing goal of the invention of the present invention, the inner ring 9 of described free wheel device exports in sense of rotation at power output member and surmounts between outer ring 8; As shown in the figure, coordinate drive mechanisms such as () splines to be provided with slow shelves driving gear with the external toothing transmission of described active friction disk 6, during use, described slow shelves driving gear is by outer ring 8 engagement driving of intermediate reduction gear mechanism and free wheel device; Simple and compact for structure, realize the transmission of power of slow shelves; Free wheel device of the present invention adopts inner ring 9 to be positioned at the structure of the ring-shaped depression that inner ring 9 is formed, inner ring 9 embeds outer ring 8 from structure, make between inner ring 9 and outer ring 8, to form the impact mutually supported, inner ring 9 on conventional construction is avoided directly to be supported in the structure of transmission shaft 1, it also avoid the problem that driving error is exaggerated on free wheel device, not only ensure the global stability of free wheel device, speed changer long-term operation is also made still to ensure stable support, reduce running noises, ensure running comfort and improve transmission efficiency, thus reducing energy consumption; Also improve working life and running precision, be applicable to heavy duty and Environmental Conditions at a high speed.
In the present embodiment, be rotatably assorted and be coated at transmission shaft 1 and be at least provided with intermediate cam cover 7, described intermediate cam is overlapped 7 one end and driven friction disk 5 and is coordinated by cam secondary I transmission, and the other end to be coordinated with free wheel device inner ring 9 transmission by cam pair II and slow shelves power is passed to driven friction disk 5 by the clutch end of intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring 9 of described free wheel device surmounts in Power output sense of rotation and between outer ring 8, and during use, described active friction disk 6 is coordinated with outer ring 8 transmission of free wheel device by intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; In the present embodiment, internal spiral cam II 5a that described main transmission cam pair is provided with by described driven friction disk 5 integrated driven disc axle sleeve inner circle and external spiral cam II 1a that transmission shaft 1 is provided with complements each other to form, and described active friction disk 6 is mode can be coated at driven disc axle sleeve formation disk-type friction transmission in axial sliding; Internal spiral cam II 5a that described main transmission cam pair is provided with by described driven disc axle sleeve inner circle and external spiral cam II 1a that transmission shaft 1 is provided with complements each other to form, form spiral prominence wheel set II, equally, internal spiral cam II and external spiral cam II are spiral prominence race, and embedded ball 4 forms spiral prominence wheel set II; The shaft part transmission that described transmission shaft 1 extends casing coordinates the driving component 2 be provided with for coordinating with hub drive, and as shown in the figure, this driving component 2 is the drive plate structure for being connected with wheel hub; As shown in the figure, when active friction disk 6 drives driven friction disk 5 to rotate, by spiral prominence wheel set, axis and circumferencial direction two component are produced to transmission shaft 1, wherein circumferencial direction component drives transmission shaft 1 to rotate and outputting power, the mounting structure that axial thrust load is transmitted axle 1 is offset, and its reaction force acts is in driven friction disk 5 and put on speed change elastic element 3; When axial thrust load reaches setting numerical value, compression is formed to elastic element, driven friction disk 5 is separated with active friction disk 6, form the condition of speed change, belong to the structure of prior art, do not repeat them here; Certainly, spiral prominence wheel set is the preferred structure of the present embodiment, and other cam pair existing also can be adopted to drive, such as end cam etc., but spiral prominence wheel set can make this structure more compact, manufactures, installs and keep in repair more convenient, and helix structure stable drive, uniform force, there is unrivaled stability and smoothness, increase work efficiency further, there is better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, larger control vehicular discharge, is more suitable for the roadsters such as light two-wheel vehicle and uses.
As shown in the figure, slow shelves driving gear be rotatably assorted be coated at free wheel device inner ring 9 formed supporting portion and driven friction disk 5 formed axle sleeve position, the cam auxiliary driving position namely between free wheel device inner ring 9 and driven friction disk 5; And grade driving gear of waiting a moment coordinates with active friction disk 6 transmission; General structure is simply compact, is beneficial to assembling, is suitable for the structure of inner rotor motor transmission.
In the present embodiment, free wheel device also comprises Support roller assembly, described supporting roller assembly at least comprises and is parallel to free wheel device axis and support roll spaced with rolling element, described support roll cylindrical contacts with adjacent rolling element cylindrical, and described support roll is to arrange in the movable mode of the circumferencial direction of free wheel device; Independent of the supporting roller structure of outer ring 8 and inner ring 9, and adopt servo-actuated structure, for keeping the spacing between rolling element, cancel elastic element and the position limit socket of prior art, avoid directly processing position limit socket on outer ring 8 or inner ring 9, simplify course of working, increase work efficiency, cut down finished cost, ensure processing and assembly precision, increase the service life and ensure transmission effect, and associated components is easily changed after damaging, and reduces maintenance and use cost; Owing to adopting support roll 4 structure, do not adopt independent elastic element, theory unlimited can extend the axial length of free wheel device and rolling element, increase length of action, that is, can need according to load-bearing the axial length increasing free wheel device, thus increase the bearing capacity of free wheel device, and reduce, compared with the free wheel device radial dimension under high bearing capacity, to extend the working life of free wheel device; Simultaneously, because support roll 13 directly contacts with rolling element 12, when particularly adopting roller construction, the unbalanced possibility that the applying of the point cantact to the roller pretightening force eliminating prior art produces, ensure the spacing balance to rolling element under the prerequisite of longer axial dimension, what make it not depart from inner ring 9 axis is parallel, thus ensures the stable operation of free wheel device, avoids mechanical failure; Adopt back-up roll 13 structure, rolling element generally adopts roller construction;
Described supporting roller assembly also comprises supporting roller support, and described support roll 13 is with between the inwall that can slide and be supported in by supporting roller support around the mode of own axis the ring-shaped depression radial outside of outer ring 8 along free wheel device circumferencial direction and inner ring 9 cylindrical; This structure ensures rotation or the free sliding degree of support roll, thus ensures the trackability of support roll further, makes to form rolling friction when free wheel device runs between rolling element and support roll, reduces power consumption, and makes the stability of free wheel device better;
In the present embodiment, described supporting roller support comprises the pushing out ring I 14 and pushing out ring II 11 that arrange corresponding to support roll two ends, the circular groove along pushing out ring I 14 and pushing out ring II 11 circumferencial direction that described pushing out ring I 14 and pushing out ring II 11 are respectively equipped with for penetrating for support roll two ends (indicates the circular groove 14a on pushing out ring I 14 in figure, circular groove 11a on pushing out ring II 11 and the ring channel structures on pushing out ring I 14 similar and all inside), described support roll two ends are slidably matched with corresponding circular groove, namely one end of support roll penetrates the circular groove on pushing out ring I 14, the other end penetrates the circular groove on pushing out ring II 11, adopt the mounting structure of circular groove, structure is simple, and assembling easily, makes the designs simplification of free wheel device further, reduces costs.
In the present embodiment, the ring-shaped depression of described outer ring 8 is axially provided with for the oil-through hole 8a by lubricant oil in bottom, and described pushing out ring I 14 is positioned at the axial bottom of ring-shaped depression and the circular groove bottom land of pushing out ring I 14 is provided with axial hole 14b; Can be introduced and removal of lubricant by oil-through hole, together form grease channel with the opening of ring-shaped depression, realize lubrication and cleaning preferably, thus ensure the running of free wheel device.
In the present embodiment, described engagement space is formed by between the wedge slot of inner ring 9 Excircle machining and the inwall of the ring-shaped depression radial outside of outer ring 8; Simplified processing process, improves work efficiency, and cuts down finished cost.
In the present embodiment, the distribution of the axial hole of the circular groove bottom land of described pushing out ring I 14 is corresponding with support roll and rolling element; Comparatively directly can provide lubrication preferably.
In the present embodiment, the diameter of described support roll is less than 1/3rd of the diameter of rolling element, and rolling element is roller.
In the present embodiment, described inner ring 9 axially extends the ring-shaped depression of outer ring 8 and extension part inner circle has inner ring 9 supporting portion that can coordinate with transmission shaft 1, and described outer ring 8 inner circle has the supporting portion, outer ring 8 that can coordinate with transmission shaft 1; The cylindrical of described inner ring 9 supporting portion forms external spiral cam I 9a, and intermediate cam cover 7 is provided with internal spiral cam I 7a, and this internal spiral cam I 7a and external spiral cam I 9a complements each other to form spiral prominence wheel set I; Namely supporting portion, outer ring 8 and inner ring 9 supporting portion are all set in rotation with transmission shaft 1; The whole free wheel device of this structure, by inner ring 9 and outer ring 8 common support, increases global stability, ensures working life and transmission accuracy; The end of described inner ring 9 supporting portion forms end cam, and driven friction disk 5 to be coordinated with the end cam of inner ring 9 supporting portion by end cam and forms cam pair; As shown in the figure, slow shelves driving gear is coated at inner ring 9 supporting portion and driven friction disk 5 for coordinating with inner ring 9 supporting portion and the axle sleeve position formed; As shown in the figure, be beneficial to elimination matching gap, ensure quality of fit, meanwhile, be beneficial to and eliminate transmission pause and transition in rhythm or melody sense; In the present embodiment, described cam secondary II is that free wheel device inner ring 9 and intermediate cam overlap the spiral prominence wheel set I formed between 7; As shown in the figure, intermediate cam cover 7 is fixedly connected with and is provided with a major diameter axle sleeve, this major diameter axle sleeve inner circle is provided with internal spiral cam I 7a, the cylindrical that free wheel device inner ring 9 axially extends the part of outer ring 8 is provided with external spiral cam I 9a coordinated with the internal spiral cam I of major diameter axle sleeve patio, certain spiral cam be spiral prominence race and in be provided with ball 10, to ensure that two spiral cam grooves form engagement; Adopt the drive mechanism of spiral prominence wheel set I, be beneficial to elimination radial clearance, ensure quality of fit, meanwhile, eliminate axial fit clearance, thus be beneficial to elimination transmission pause and transition in rhythm or melody sense.In the present embodiment, inner ring 9 supporting portion of described inner ring 9 is provided with inner ring 9 needle bearing for being rotatably assorted with transmission shaft 1, and the supporting portion, outer ring 8 of described outer ring 8 is provided with outer ring 8 needle bearing for being rotatably assorted with transmission shaft 1; Adopt the structure of needle bearing, be applicable to be installed to transmission shaft 1, whole drive mechanism adaptability is stronger.
In the present embodiment, transmission bracket 7 one end is connected with active friction disk 6 and transmission coordinates, one end away from active friction disk 6 is rotatably assorted and is supported in gearbox casing, the space of described speed change elastic element 3 between transmission bracket and transmission shaft 1 and be coated at transmission shaft 1; As shown in the figure, transmission shaft 1 is provided with free wheel device outer ring 8, intermediate cam cover 7, driven friction disk and speed change elastic element 3 (the present embodiment adopts speed change disc spring) by left-to-right, the transmission bracket of tubular structure forms stable support to active friction disk 6, ensure transmission accuracy, simultaneously, speed change elastic element 3 is in the space of transmission bracket between transmission shaft 1 and be coated at transmission shaft 1, compact structure.
Above embodiment is optimum structure of the present invention, is not limiting the scope of the present invention; The scheme that Placement adjusts to some extent, and do not affect the realization of this goal of the invention.
The fast shelves power transmission line of the present embodiment:
External spiral cam → transmission shaft 1 outputting power of the internal spiral cam → transmission shaft 1 of power → active friction disk 6 → driven friction disk 5 → driven friction disk 5;
Now free wheel device surmounts, and resistance transfer route: internal spiral cam 5a → driven friction disk 5 → compression speed change butterfly spring of the external spiral cam 1a → driven friction disk 5 of transmission shaft 1 → transmission shaft 1; Transmission shaft 1 applies axial force by the external spiral cam of transmission shaft 1 to the internal spiral cam of driven friction disk 5 and driven friction disk 5 and compresses speed change butterfly spring, when running resistance is increased to a timing, this axial force speed change butterfly spring, active friction disk 6 is separated with driven friction disk 5, power is transmitted by following route, i.e. slow shelves power transmission line:
External spiral cam 1a → transmission shaft 1 outputting power of the internal spiral cam 5a → transmission shaft 1 of outer ring 8 → free wheel device inner ring, 9 → cam pair → driven friction disk 5 → driven friction disk 5 of power → active friction disk 6 → slow shelves driving gear → free wheel device.
Slow shelves power transmission line is simultaneously also through following route: cam pair → driven friction disk 5 → compression speed change butterfly spring, prevent from slow shelves transmission process, occurring compression speed change butterfly spring reciprocating compression, thus when preventing slow shelves transmission, active friction disk 6 and driven friction disk 5 are fitted.
Above-mentioned transfer route is had to find out, the present invention operationally, active friction disk 6 and driven friction disk 5 fit tightly under the effect of speed change butterfly spring, form the automatic transmission that keeps certain pressure, and the required pressure of clutch engagement can be adjusted by the axial thickness increasing speed change axle sleeve, reach transmission object, now, power drives active friction disk 6, driven friction disk 5, transmission shaft 1, and transmission shaft 1 outputting power is rotated counterclockwise; Now slow shelves free wheel device is in and surmounts state.
During motor vehicle starting, resistance is greater than driving force, and resistance forces transmission shaft 1 to rotate clockwise several angle, and under the effect of the external spiral cam 1a of transmission shaft 1, driven friction disk 5 compresses speed change butterfly spring; Driven friction disk 5 is separated with active friction disk 6, synchronously, the engagement of slow shelves free wheel device, power drives the outer ring 8 of active friction disk 6, slow shelves driving gear 19, free wheel device, inner ring 9, driven friction disk 5 and transmission shaft 1, and transmission shaft 1 outputting power is rotated with slow shelves speed; Therefore, automatically achieve bottom gear and start, shorten the starting time, decrease starting force.Meanwhile, speed change butterfly spring absorbs movement resistor moment energy, stores standby potential energy for recovering fast shelves gear transferring power.
Start successfully, running resistance reduces, when component is reduced to less than the pressure that speed change butterfly spring produces, produce under speed change butterfly spring pressure discharges promotion rapidly because the compression of passive movement resistance, complete driven friction disk 5 and active friction disk 6 to recover to fit tightly state, slow shelves free wheel device is in and surmounts state.
In running process, along with the change automaitc shfit principle of resistance to motion is the same, realizing shift when not needing to cut off driving force, make whole locomotive operation steady, safe and low consumption, and transfer route being simplified, improving transmission efficiency.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technological scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technological scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly, is characterized in that: comprise transmission shaft and be arranged on the mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly on transmission shaft;
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly comprises driven friction disk, active friction disk and speed change elastic element;
Active friction disk and driven friction disk form the disk-type friction transmission transmitting fast shelves in the mode that rubbing surface cooperatively interacts, adopt annular protrusion to embed the mode of circular groove between the rubbing surface of active friction disk and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk and form the disk-type friction transmission transmitting fast shelves, and the cross section of the cross section of annular protrusion and circular groove is trapezoidal active friction disk and the driven friction disk of making forms inside and outside Double-conical-surface friction driving; Speed change elastic element applies to make driven friction disk and active friction disk to fit the pretightening force of transmission; Described driven friction disk is coated at transmission shaft and is coordinated by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam with it.
2. bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the free wheel device for transmitting slow shelves power, described free wheel device comprises outer ring, inner ring and rolling element, the engagement space being used for being engaged by rolling element or being separated is formed between described outer ring and inner ring, described outer ring axial end forms ring-shaped depression, and described inner ring is set in rotation with in this ring-shaped depression and engagement space is formed between the inwall of inner ring cylindrical and ring-shaped depression radial outside; Described active friction disk is for receiving power and inputing to free wheel device outer ring in use, and described free wheel device inner ring exports slow shelves transmission of power to driven friction disk.
3. bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: being rotatably assorted is coated at transmission shaft and is at least provided with an intermediate cam cover, described intermediate cam is overlapped one end and driven friction disk and is coordinated by cam secondary I transmission, and the other end to be coordinated with the transmission of free wheel device inner ring by cam pair II and slow shelves power is passed to driven friction disk by the clutch end of intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring of described free wheel device surmounts in Power output sense of rotation and between outer ring, and during use, described active friction disk is coordinated with the outer ring transmission of free wheel device by intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism.
4. bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described free wheel device also comprises Support roller assembly, described supporting roller assembly at least comprises and is parallel to free wheel device axis and support roll spaced with rolling element, described support roll cylindrical contacts with adjacent rolling element cylindrical, and described support roll is to arrange in the movable mode of the circumferencial direction of free wheel device.
5. bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described inner ring axially extends the ring-shaped depression of outer ring and extension part inner circle has the inner ring supporting portion that can coordinate with transmission shaft, and described outer ring inner circle has the supporting portion, outer ring that can coordinate with transmission shaft; The cylindrical of described inner ring supporting portion forms external spiral cam I, and intermediate cam is arranged with internal spiral cam I, and this internal spiral cam I complements each other to form spiral prominence wheel set I with external spiral cam I, and described cam secondary II is spiral prominence wheel set I.
6. bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described supporting roller assembly also comprises supporting roller support, described support roll is with between the inwall that can slide and be supported in by supporting roller support around the mode of own axis the ring-shaped depression radial outside of outer ring along free wheel device circumferencial direction and inner ring cylindrical.
7. bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described supporting roller support comprises the pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II that arrange corresponding to support roll two ends, described pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II are respectively equipped with the circular groove along pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II circumferencial direction for penetrating for support roll two ends, and described support roll two ends are slidably matched with corresponding circular groove; The ring-shaped depression of described outer ring is axially provided with for the oil-through hole by lubricant oil in bottom, and described pushing out ring I is positioned at the axial bottom of ring-shaped depression and the circular groove bottom land of pushing out ring I is provided with axial hole.
8. bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the internal spiral cam II that described main transmission cam pair is provided with by described driven friction disk integrated driven disc axle sleeve inner circle and the internal spiral cam II that transmission shaft is provided with complement each other to form, described active friction disk is mode can be coated at driven disc axle sleeve formation disk-type friction transmission in axial sliding.
9. bipyramid friction driving self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: transmission bracket one end is connected with active friction disk and transmission coordinates, one end away from active friction disk is rotatably assorted and is supported in gearbox casing, the space of described speed change elastic element between transmission bracket and transmission shaft and be coated at transmission shaft.
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| CN201510565718.XA CN105370847B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly |
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| CN201510565718.XA CN105370847B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly |
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| CN105370847A true CN105370847A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| CN105370847B CN105370847B (en) | 2017-11-24 |
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| WO2020207447A1 (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-10-15 | 西南大学 | Mechanical dual-overrunning clutch shaft output adaptive automatic gearbox shaft assembly, gearbox and drive system |
| WO2020211696A1 (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-22 | 西南大学 | Dual-overrunning clutch shaft sleeve output adaptive automatic transmission main shaft assembly, gearbox, and drive system |
| WO2020211695A1 (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-22 | 西南大学 | Adaptive automatic transmission main shaft assembly employing double overrunning clutch-based mechanical shaft end-output, transmission, and drive system |
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| CN105370847B (en) | 2017-11-24 |
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