CN102588548B - Mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device - Google Patents
Mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102588548B CN102588548B CN201210019013.4A CN201210019013A CN102588548B CN 102588548 B CN102588548 B CN 102588548B CN 201210019013 A CN201210019013 A CN 201210019013A CN 102588548 B CN102588548 B CN 102588548B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device, comprise mission case and transmission shaft, described transmission shaft outputs power and is arranged in mission case and is rotatably assorted with it, also comprises slow shelves driving mechanism and is arranged on the mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly on transmission shaft; Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly comprises the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body and speed change elastic element; The present invention has all advantages of existing cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, and adopts the drive mechanism of spiral prominence wheel set, the radial dimension of further reducing mechanism thus reduce volume, and working life, tool improved a lot; And helix structure stable drive, uniform force, there is unrivaled stability and smoothness, increase work efficiency further, there is better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, larger control vehicular discharge, is more suitable for pure electric automobile and tricycle uses, and greatly improves the power character of vehicle, Economy, drive safety and travelling comfort.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle transmission, particularly a kind of mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device.
Background technique
In prior art; tricycle or automobile be substantially all manually or accelerator pedal directly control closure or Current Control speed; the operation of driver is depended in the operation of handle or accelerator pedal completely; operation usually can be caused not mate with garage situation; cause motor or motor fluctuation of service, occur stall phenomenon.
Motor Vehicle when by rider when not knowing running resistance, only rule of thumb operate the speed change gear of control, there is following problem unavoidably: 1. starting, go up a slope and heavy load time, because running resistance increases, force motor or engine speed to decline and work in inefficient district.2., owing to not having mechanical transmission to adjust moment of torsion and speed, can only promote the use of in plains region, use under mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions can not be met, reduce using scope; 3. driving wheel place installing space is little, is difficult to hold automatic transmission and other new technology again after having installed motor or motor; 4. do not possess adaptive function, automatically can not detect, revise and get rid of the error in operation of driver; 5., when speed of a motor vehicle change is unexpected, motor or engine power must be caused to be difficult to mate with running resistance.6. continue apart from short, grade ability is poor, accommodation is little.
Particularly the problems referred to above cause pure electro-tricycle or electric vehicle power consumption comparatively greatly, and after charging, operating range is not ideal enough.
In order to overcome the above problems, present inventor has invented a series of cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, utilize running resistance driving cam, reach automaitc shfit and the object according to running resistance Adaptive matching speed of a motor vehicle output torque, there is good effect; Although aforesaid cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device has above-mentioned advantage, stability and high efficiency comparatively prior art improve a lot, and parts thereof structure is comparatively complicated, speed changer volume is larger, meanwhile, owing to have employed multiple cam structure, stability is still not ideal enough; Although comparatively prior art increases on service life, according to structural analysis, working life still has room for improvement.
Therefore, one is needed to improve above-mentioned cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, not only can self adaption with traveling change in resistance do not cut off driving force when automatically carry out shifted, solve the little problem that can not meet complex condition road occupation of motor torque-rotation speed change, stationarity is good, increases work efficiency further, there is better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, and reduce volume, and improve working life further, be more suitable for the roadster such as electric three-wheel or electric vehicle and use.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device, not only can self adaption with traveling change in resistance do not cut off driving force when automatically carry out shifted, solve the little problem that can not meet complex condition road occupation of motor torque-rotation speed change, stationarity is good, increase work efficiency further, there is better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, and reduce volume, and improve working life further, be more suitable for the roadster such as electric three-wheel or electric vehicle and use.
Mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device of the present invention, comprise mission case and transmission shaft, described transmission shaft outputs power and is arranged in mission case and is rotatably assorted with it, also comprises slow shelves driving mechanism and is arranged on the mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly on transmission shaft;
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly comprises the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body and speed change elastic element;
Power is inputted by the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body, and the axial inner conical drogue inner circle of cirque body is the axial conical surface, and the axial external conical sleeve cylindrical of cirque body is the axial conical surface, and the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body is enclosed within the axial external conical sleeve excircle of cirque body in the mode that the conical surface is worked in coordination; The axial external conical sleeve of described cirque body is coated at transmission shaft and inner circle is provided with internal spiral cam, and transmission shaft is provided with the external spiral cam matched with internal spiral cam and forms spiral cam pair;
Speed change elastic element applies to make the inner conical surface of its male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body to fit the pretightening force of transmission to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; During described transmission shaft Power output, spiral prominence wheel set applies the axial thrust load contrary with elastic element pretightening force to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body;
Described slow shelves driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism, the inner ring of described free wheel device surmounts between the Power output sense of rotation and outer ring of transmission shaft, the axial inner conical drogue of described cirque body is coordinated with the outer ring transmission of free wheel device by intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism, the inner ring of described free wheel device is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft, is passed to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body between the inner ring of described free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body by the slow shelves power of slow shelves cam-engaged adjutant by the inner ring of free wheel device.
Further, described free wheel device is elastic sheet type overrunning clutch, comprises roller and retainer, forms the engaging groove being used for engaging with roller or being separated between the outer ring of free wheel device and inner ring; Described retainer comprises support plate, supporting post and reed, described supporting post and roller one_to_one corresponding, described support plate is arranged at supporting post in circumferencial direction secure fit and forms slot between support plate and supporting post outer surface, described reed is provided with the embedding part embedding slot, reed extends slot and applies pretightening force along the engagement direction of engaging groove to roller, described slot be provided with reed due to roller is applied pretightening force produce the distortion allowance of resiliently deformable;
Further, described embedding part is provided with pressure-bearing portion, and described support plate is provided with and applies to make embedding part embed the pressure of slot and limit the nip portion that embedding part deviates from from slot to pressure-bearing portion;
Further, described pressure-bearing portion is formed in one in embedding part and outward extending elastic piece structure, and pressure-bearing portion forms pressure-bearing section to nip portion bending, and nip portion is formed to the bending of pressure-bearing portion and is superimposed on pressure-bearing section outer surface and executes stressed pressing section to pressure-bearing section;
Further, described intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism comprises slow shelves jack shaft, be arranged at first slow grade of gear and second slow grade of gear that slow shelves jack shaft coordinates with its transmission, the axial inner conical drogue of described cirque body be provided with external toothing and with first slow grade of meshed transmission gear, the outer ring engagement driving of second slow grade of gear and free wheel device;
Further, described speed change elastic element is the speed change butterfly spring being coated at transmission shaft, the inner ring of described speed change butterfly spring and free wheel device is respectively in the axial both sides of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, speed change butterfly spring is coated at transmission shaft speed change packing ring by being slidably matched withstands axial external conical sleeve one axial end portion of cirque body, and axial another axial end portion of external conical sleeve of cirque body is coordinated by end cam auxiliary driving with the inner ring of free wheel device;
Further, described speed change butterfly spring is arranged on the left side of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, and free wheel device is positioned on the right side of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; The expansion direction of the axial internal spiral cam of external conical sleeve of described cirque body and the external spiral cam of transmission shaft is contrary with transmission shaft Power output sense of rotation from left to right; The inner ring of described free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body are arranged end cam respectively and are intermeshed by end cam and form slow shelves cam-engaged pair; The inner ring of free wheel device is identical with transmission shaft Power output sense of rotation from left to right with the end cam line of contact expansion direction of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body;
Further, power is inputted by the gear frame coordinated with the axial inner conical drogue transmission of cirque body, described gear frame left end is supported in mission case by the first annular bearing with rolling contact, right-hand member is fixedly connected on the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body at circumferencial direction, the axial inner conical drogue cylindrical of cirque body is supported in mission case by the second annular bearing with rolling contact, in the cavity of described speed change butterfly spring between gear frame and transmission shaft cylindrical;
Further, the shaft part outer round surface that the inner ring of described transmission shaft and free wheel device is rotatably assorted is provided with oil groove.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device of the present invention, there is all advantages of existing cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, if detect driving torque-rotating speed and running resistance-vehicle speed signal according to running resistance, motor or engine output and traveling state of vehicle is made to be in optimum Match state all the time, the balance realizing vehicle traction moment and comprehensive running resistance controls, and when not cutting off driving force, self adaption is carried out shifted with traveling change in resistance automatically; Use under can meeting mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions, make motor or engine load change gently, motor vehicle operate steadily, and improve Security;
Meanwhile, the present invention adopts the drive mechanism of spiral prominence wheel set, the radial dimension of further reducing mechanism thus reduce volume, and working life, tool improved a lot; And helix structure stable drive, uniform force, has unrivaled stability and smoothness, increases work efficiency further; Directly outputed power by differential mechanism, reduce Transmitted chains, there is better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, larger control vehicular discharge, be more suitable for light pure electro-tricycle and pure electric automobile use, extend running time and operating range, greatly improve the power character of vehicle, Economy, drive safety and travelling comfort.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is axial section structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the axial external conical sleeve structure schematic diagram of cirque body;
Fig. 3 is the inner ring structure schematic diagram of free wheel device;
Fig. 4 is overrun clutch structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that supporting post, support plate and reed coordinate schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is reed structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is free wheel device axially local sectional structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is axial section structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the axial external conical sleeve structure schematic diagram of cirque body, and Fig. 3 is the inner ring structure schematic diagram of free wheel device, and Fig. 4 is overrun clutch structure schematic diagram; Fig. 5 is that supporting post, support plate and reed coordinate schematic diagram, Fig. 6 is reed structure schematic diagram, Fig. 7 is free wheel device axially local sectional structure schematic diagram, as shown in the figure: the mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device of the present embodiment, comprise mission case 3 and transmission shaft, described transmission shaft 1 outputs power and is arranged in mission case and is rotatably assorted with it, as shown in the figure, transmission shaft 1 two ends are rotatably assorted respectively by annular bearing with rolling contact 5 and annular bearing with rolling contact 13 and are supported in mission case; Also comprise slow shelves driving mechanism and be arranged on the mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly on transmission shaft 1;
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly comprises the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body and speed change elastic element;
Power is inputted by the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body, and can adopt any power plant of prior art, such as motor or motor etc., power input mode has multiple, such as coaxially inputs vertically or passes through gear pair transmission input etc.; Axial inner conical drogue 17 inner circle of cirque body is the axial conical surface, axial external conical sleeve 14 cylindrical of cirque body is the axial conical surface, the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body is enclosed within axial external conical sleeve 14 excircle of cirque body in the mode that the conical surface is worked in coordination, cooperation transmission is carried out by tapered sleeve structure, inner conical surface and male cone (strobilus masculinus) one of at least need have certain roughness, belong to that those skilled in the art can know according to this record, do not repeat them here; The axial external conical sleeve 14 of described cirque body is coated at transmission shaft 1 and inner circle is provided with internal spiral cam 14a, and transmission shaft 1 is provided with the external spiral cam 1a matched with internal spiral cam 14a and forms spiral prominence wheel set; Spiral prominence wheel set is the worm structure cooperatively interacted, when the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body rotates, by spiral prominence wheel set, axis and circumferencial direction two component are produced to transmission shaft 1, wherein circumferencial direction component drives transmission shaft 1 to rotate and outputting power, the mounting structure that axial thrust load is transmitted axle 1 is offset, and its reaction force acts is in the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body and put on speed change elastic element;
Speed change elastic element applies to make the inner conical surface of its male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body to fit the pretightening force of transmission to the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body; During described transmission shaft 1 Power output, spiral prominence wheel set applies the axial thrust load contrary with elastic element pretightening force to the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body; That is, the rotation direction of the spiral cam of spiral prominence wheel set is relevant with the Power output sense of rotation of transmission shaft, those skilled in the art according to above-mentioned record, under the prerequisite learning transmission shaft Power output direction, the rotation direction of spiral cam can be learnt, do not repeat them here;
Described slow shelves driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism, the inner ring 31 of described free wheel device surmounts between the Power output sense of rotation and outer ring 15 of transmission shaft 1, the axial inner conical drogue 17 of described cirque body is coordinated with outer ring 15 transmission of free wheel device by intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism, the inner ring 31 of described free wheel device is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft 1, the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body is passed to by the slow shelves power of slow shelves cam-engaged adjutant by the inner ring 31 of free wheel device between the inner ring 31 of described free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, this slow shelves cam-engaged pair can be intermeshing end cam, also can be spiral cam etc., intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism can be primary gear speed reducing transmission or other reducing transmission structures, and this intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism can ensure that the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body is passed to the rotating speed of rotating speed lower than the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body of the outer ring 15 of free wheel device.
In the present embodiment, described free wheel device is elastic sheet type overrunning clutch, comprises roller 30 and retainer, forms the engaging groove being used for engaging with roller or being separated between the outer ring 15 of free wheel device and inner ring 31, described retainer comprises support plate 27, supporting post 28 and reed 29, described supporting post 28 and roller 30 one_to_one corresponding, described support plate 27 is arranged at supporting post 28 in circumferencial direction secure fit and forms slot 26 between support plate 27 and supporting post 28 outer surface, described reed 29 is provided with the embedding part 29a embedding slot 26, reed 29 extends slot 26 and applies pretightening force along the engagement direction of engaging groove to roller 30, described slot 26 be provided with reed 29 due to roller 30 is applied pretightening force produce the distortion allowance of resiliently deformable, the free wheel device of this structure is avoided directly processing position limit socket on outer ring 15, simplify course of working, increase work efficiency, cut down finished cost, ensure processing and assembly precision, and be different from the structure concentrating immovable point in prior art, do not adopt the fixed structure of spot welding, the consequence that metallographic structure changes can not be there is, eliminate due to free wheel device engagement be separated elasticity of spring leaf and be out of shape the stress that causes and concentrate, and make reed 29 have good freedom of movement, thus the service life of reed 29 so that whole free wheel device can be improved, reed can reach the resiliently deformable with pretightening force of more than 5,000,000 times, greatly reduce use technology cost, easily change after associated components of the present invention damages, outer ring 15 does not need entirety to scrap, and reduces maintenance and use cost, owing to adopting the retainer structure beyond outer ring 15, theory unlimited can extend the axial length of free wheel device and roller 30, increase length of action, that is, the axial length increasing free wheel device can be needed according to load-bearing, thus increase the bearing capacity of free wheel device, and reduce, compared with the free wheel device radial dimension under high bearing capacity, to extend the working life of free wheel device, simultaneously, because reed is for distribute vertically, thus can carry out multiple spot to roller as required and apply pretightening force, ensure the spacing balance to roller under the prerequisite of longer axial dimension, what make it not depart from inner ring axis is parallel, thus ensure the stable operation of free wheel device, avoid mechanical failure,
As shown in the figure, described support plate 27 is circumferentially wrapped in supporting post 28 and pretightening force is held in setting tightly, the cross section of described supporting post 28 is non-circular in relative rotation for limiting support plate 27 circumference, forms slot 26 between a side of support plate 27 and supporting post 28 1 side surface; The cross section of supporting post 28 adopts polymorphic structure, can be limited it after support plate 27 is wrapped in supporting post 28 circumferentially to rotate, structure is simple, enforcement, easy accessibility, utilize non-circular structure to limit the circumferential movement of support plate 27, form comparatively stable slot 26 structure, for the installation of reed 29 provides condition, do not need other mechanical fixed structure, avoid, because the structures such as spot welding form mechanical force to reed, ensureing its working life; As shown in the figure, supporting post 28 cross section is the polymorphic structure be made up of circular arc and straight line, and support plate 27 is wrapped in polymorphic structure periphery, makes it not have condition in relative rotation.
In the present embodiment, described embedding part 29a is provided with pressure-bearing portion 29b, and described support plate 27 is provided with and applies to make embedding part 29a embed the pressure of slot 26 and limit the nip portion 27a that embedding part 29a deviates from from slot to pressure-bearing portion 29a; Ensure while avoiding embedding part 29a to deviate from that reed 29 has good degrees of freedom and swings, extend its working life.
In the present embodiment, described pressure-bearing portion 29b is formed in one in embedding part 29a and outward extending elastic piece structure, pressure-bearing portion 29b forms pressure-bearing section 29c to nip portion 27a bending, and nip portion 27a is formed to pressure-bearing portion 29b bending and is superimposed on pressure-bearing section 29c outer surface and executes stressed pressing section 27b to pressure-bearing section 29c; This pressure makes embedding part be embedded in slot 26, is formed and stablizes embedded structure; As shown in the figure, bending adopts rounding off structure, avoids stress to concentrate, directly slipped into by external force during installation and pressure-bearing section is superimposed on pressing section, utilize pressure-bearing section natural resiliency to form insertion force, structure is simple, easy for installation, larger distortion and stress can't be produced and concentrate.
As shown in the figure, described retainer also comprises pushing out ring I 32 and pushing out ring II 24, described pushing out ring I 32 and axial two ends, pushing out ring II 24 apportion outer ring 15 with outer ring 15 in circumferencial direction secure fit, described supporting post 4 two ends respectively correspondence are supported in pushing out ring I 32 and pushing out ring II 24, supporting post 28 at self circumferencial direction and pushing out ring I 32 or/and pushing out ring II 24 secure fit; After assembling, pushing out ring I 32 and pushing out ring II 24 by screw, be fixed by caulking to outer ring 15, also by other parts, outer ring 15 is fixed on to its axial limiting; As shown in the figure, supporting post 28 is parallel to roller 30; Engaging groove engagement direction is the direction that engaging groove shoals gradually, what namely engaging groove and inner ring 31 cylindrical were formed engage direction that space narrows gradually; The elasticity of reed 29 enough avoids roller oppositely to engage when free wheel device surmounts; As shown in the figure, described axial one end of supporting post 28 forms flat axle and penetrates the flat hole of pushing out ring I 32 to form the structure of circumferencial direction secure fit by flat axle correspondence, structure is simple, realize easily, and owing to forming the shaft shoulder between flat axle and supporting post 28 body, thus there is good locating effect, be beneficial to assembling and keep good running state; The axial the other end of supporting post 28 is through the circular hole on pushing out ring II 24, and supporting post forms conical head through the end of the circular hole on pushing out ring II, and conehead structure has good adaptability, is beneficial to and penetrates assembling, increases work efficiency.
Described pushing out ring I 32 and pushing out ring II 24 all make sliding bearing structure, as shown in the figure, axial two ends, described outer ring 15 form deep gouge (deep gouge 15a as shown in the figure and deep gouge 15b) respectively, the radial groove (radial groove 15a and radial groove 15b) at axial two ends, described outer ring 15 is arranged at corresponding deep gouge cell wall inner circle respectively, described pushing out ring I 32 and pushing out ring II 24 are corresponding respectively embeds deep gouge, pushing out ring I 32 and pushing out ring II 24 are respectively equipped with the radial protrusion (radial protrusion 32a and radial protrusion 24a) embedding radial groove (radial groove 15a and radial groove 15b) for correspondence, the radial protrusion (radial protrusion 32a and radial protrusion 24a) of pushing out ring I 32 and pushing out ring II 24 is just right with corresponding radial groove (radial groove 15a and radial groove 15b), push vertically, being formed to support and be beneficial between outer ring 15 and inner ring 31 keeps the compact structure of retainer stable with assembling, can not come off because of External force interference, meanwhile, the stable operation between outer ring and inner ring is beneficial to.
In the present embodiment, described intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism comprises slow shelves jack shaft 18, be arranged at first slow grade of gear 20 and second slow grade of gear 19 that slow shelves jack shaft 18 coordinates with its transmission, as shown in the figure, slow shelves jack shaft 18 is rotatably assorted in mission case 3 by annular bearing with rolling contact 22 and annular bearing with rolling contact 16; The axial inner conical drogue 17 of described cirque body be provided with external toothing 10 and with first slow grade of gear 20 engagement driving, outer ring 15 engagement driving of second slow grade of gear 19 and free wheel device; Simple and compact for structure, realize the transmission of power of slow shelves.
In the present embodiment, described speed change elastic element is the speed change butterfly spring 8 being coated at transmission shaft 1, described speed change butterfly spring 8 and the inner ring 31 of free wheel device are respectively in the axial both sides of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, speed change butterfly spring is coated at transmission shaft 1 speed change packing ring 21 by being slidably matched withstands axial external conical sleeve 14 1 axial end portion of cirque body, and axial another axial end portion of external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body is coordinated by end cam auxiliary driving with the inner ring 31 of free wheel device; Structure is simple, and arrangement space is little, utilizes the transfer route reasonable Arrangement parts of power, makes the present invention be more suitable for less space and uses.
In the present embodiment, described speed change butterfly spring 8 is arranged on the left side of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, and free wheel device is positioned on the right side of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body; The expansion direction of the axial internal spiral cam 14a of the external conical sleeve 14 and external spiral cam 1a of transmission shaft 1 of described cirque body is contrary with transmission shaft 1 Power output sense of rotation from left to right; As shown in the figure, plane rolling bearing 9 is provided with between speed change packing ring 21 and axial external conical sleeve 14 left end of cirque body, to reduce friction; The inner ring 31 of described free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body are arranged end cam respectively and are intermeshed by end cam and form slow shelves cam-engaged pair; The inner ring 31 of free wheel device is identical with transmission shaft Power output sense of rotation from left to right with the end cam line of contact expansion direction of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body; As shown in the figure, the end cam 31a of the inner ring 31 of free wheel device, the end cam 14b of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, coordinates between end cam 14b with end cam 31a and forms end cam pair, for transmission; As shown in the figure, inner ring 31 right-hand member of free wheel device, by plane bearing 12 axial limiting, is provided with plane bearing 11 between left end and axial inner conical drogue 17 right-hand member of cirque body, realizes more stable axial limiting.
In the present embodiment, power is inputted by the gear frame 25 coordinated with axial inner conical drogue 17 transmission of cirque body, and as shown in the figure, gear frame 25 is provided with input external gear 2; Described gear frame 25 left end is supported in mission case 3 by the first annular bearing with rolling contact 7, right-hand member is fixedly connected on the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body at circumferencial direction, axial inner conical drogue 17 cylindrical of cirque body is supported in mission case 3 by the second annular bearing with rolling contact 23, in the cavity of described speed change butterfly spring 8 between gear frame 25 and transmission shaft 1 cylindrical; Simple and compact for structure, integrity is strong, greatly reduces the radial dimension of speed changer; The shaft part outer round surface that described transmission shaft 1 and the inner ring 31 of free wheel device are rotatably assorted is provided with oil groove 6, high lubricating effect, rotates smooth and easy, is beneficial to and reduces friction, energy saving.
Above embodiment is optimum structure of the present invention, is not limiting the scope of the present invention; Such as, some technical characteristicss of the transmission fit system of all parts and annexation etc. all can be changed accordingly, and do not affect the realization of this goal of the invention.
The fast shelves power transmission line of the present embodiment:
The external spiral cam 1a → transmission shaft 1 → differential mechanism 27 of the internal spiral cam 14a → transmission shaft 1 of the axial external conical sleeve of the axial external conical sleeve 14 → cirque body of the axial inner conical drogue 17 → cirque body of power input → cirque body;
Now free wheel device surmounts, and resistance transfer route: internal spiral cam 14a → cirque body axial external conical sleeve 14 → compression speed change butterfly spring 8 of the axial external conical sleeve of external spiral cam 1a → cirque body of transmission shaft 1 → transmission shaft 1; Transmission shaft is applied axial force by the external spiral cam 1a of transmission shaft 1 to the internal spiral cam 14a of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body and the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body and compresses speed change butterfly spring 8, when running resistance is increased to a timing, this axial force speed change butterfly spring 8, the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body is separated with the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, power is transmitted by following route, i.e. slow shelves power transmission line:
The external spiral cam 1a → transmission shaft 1 → differential mechanism 27 of the internal spiral cam 14a → transmission shaft 1 of the axial external conical sleeve of outer ring 15 → free wheel device inner ring 31 → axial external conical sleeve 14 → cirque body of slow shelves cam-engaged pair → cirque body of the axial inner conical drogue of power input → cirque body 17 → the first slow grades of gears 20 → slow shelves jack shaft 18 → the second slow grades of gear 19 → free wheel devicees.
Slow shelves power transmission line is simultaneously also through following route: slow shelves cam-engaged pair → cirque body axial external conical sleeve 14 → compression speed change butterfly spring 8, prevent from slow shelves transmission process, occurring compression speed change butterfly spring 8 reciprocating compression, thus prevent the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body and the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body from fitting.
Above-mentioned transfer route is had to find out, the present invention operationally, the inner conical surface of the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body fit tightly under speed change butterfly spring 8 acts on, form the automatic transmission that keeps certain pressure, and the required pressure of clutch engagement can be adjusted by the axial thickness increasing speed change packing ring 21, reach transmission object, now, power input belt moves the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body, the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, transmission shaft 1 is rotated clockwise, thus differential mechanism 27 is rotated counterclockwise; Now slow shelves free wheel device is in and surmounts state.
During motor vehicle starting, resistance is greater than driving force, and resistance forces transmission shaft 1 to rotate counterclockwise several angle, and under the effect of the external spiral cam 1a of transmission shaft 1, the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body compresses speed change butterfly spring 8; The axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body is separated with the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body, synchronously, slow shelves free wheel device engagement, drive motor rotor drives the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body, first slow grade of gear 20, slow shelves jack shaft 18, second slow grade of gear 19, the outer ring 15 of free wheel device, inner ring 31, slow shelves cam-engaged pair, the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, transmission shaft 1, makes differential mechanism 27 with slow shelves speed transmission; Therefore, automatically achieve bottom gear and start, shorten the starting time, decrease starting force.Meanwhile, speed change butterfly spring 8 absorbs movement resistor moment energy, stores standby potential energy for recovering fast shelves gear transferring power.
Start successfully, running resistance reduces, when component is reduced to less than the pressure that speed change butterfly spring 8 produces, produce under speed change butterfly spring 8 pressure discharges promotion rapidly because the compression of passive movement resistance, the inner conical surface of the male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body that complete the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body recovers to fit tightly state, and slow shelves free wheel device is in and surmounts state.
In running process, along with the change automaitc shfit principle of resistance to motion is the same, realizing shift when not needing to cut off driving force, make whole locomotive operation steady, safe and low consumption, and transfer route being simplified, improving transmission efficiency.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technological scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technological scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device, comprise mission case and transmission shaft, described transmission shaft outputs power and is arranged in mission case and is rotatably assorted with it, it is characterized in that: also comprise slow shelves driving mechanism and be arranged on the mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly on transmission shaft;
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly comprises the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body and speed change elastic element;
Power is inputted by the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body, and the axial inner conical drogue inner circle of cirque body is the axial conical surface, and the axial external conical sleeve cylindrical of cirque body is the axial conical surface, and the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body is enclosed within the axial external conical sleeve excircle of cirque body in the mode that the conical surface is worked in coordination; The axial external conical sleeve of described cirque body is coated at transmission shaft and inner circle is provided with internal spiral cam, and transmission shaft is provided with the external spiral cam matched with internal spiral cam and forms spiral cam pair;
Speed change elastic element applies to make the inner conical surface of its male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body to fit the pretightening force of transmission to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; During described transmission shaft Power output, spiral prominence wheel set applies the axial thrust load contrary with elastic element pretightening force to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body;
Described slow shelves driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism, the inner ring of described free wheel device surmounts between the Power output sense of rotation and outer ring of transmission shaft, the axial inner conical drogue of described cirque body is coordinated with the outer ring transmission of free wheel device by intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism, the inner ring of described free wheel device is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft, is passed to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body between the inner ring of described free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body by the slow shelves power of slow shelves cam-engaged adjutant by the inner ring of free wheel device;
Described free wheel device is elastic sheet type overrunning clutch, comprises roller and retainer, forms the engaging groove being used for engaging with roller or being separated between the outer ring of free wheel device and inner ring; Described retainer comprises support plate, supporting post and reed, described supporting post and roller one_to_one corresponding, described support plate is arranged at supporting post in circumferencial direction secure fit and forms slot between support plate and supporting post outer surface, described reed is provided with the embedding part embedding slot, reed extends slot and applies pretightening force along the engagement direction of engaging groove to roller, described slot be provided with reed due to roller is applied pretightening force produce the distortion allowance of resiliently deformable.
2. mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described embedding part is provided with pressure-bearing portion, described support plate is provided with and applies to make embedding part embed the pressure of slot and limit the nip portion that embedding part deviates from from slot to pressure-bearing portion.
3. mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described pressure-bearing portion is formed in one in embedding part and outward extending elastic piece structure, pressure-bearing portion forms pressure-bearing section to nip portion bending, and nip portion is formed to the bending of pressure-bearing portion and is superimposed on pressure-bearing section outer surface and executes stressed pressing section to pressure-bearing section.
4. mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism comprises slow shelves jack shaft, be arranged at first slow grade of gear and second slow grade of gear that slow shelves jack shaft coordinates with its transmission, the axial inner conical drogue of described cirque body be provided with external toothing and with first slow grade of meshed transmission gear, the outer ring engagement driving of second slow grade of gear and free wheel device.
5. mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described speed change elastic element is the speed change butterfly spring being coated at transmission shaft, the inner ring of described speed change butterfly spring and free wheel device is respectively in the axial both sides of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, speed change butterfly spring is coated at transmission shaft speed change packing ring by being slidably matched withstands axial external conical sleeve one axial end portion of cirque body, and axial another axial end portion of external conical sleeve of cirque body is coordinated by end cam auxiliary driving with the inner ring of free wheel device.
6. mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described speed change butterfly spring is arranged on the left side of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, and free wheel device is positioned on the right side of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; The expansion direction of the axial internal spiral cam of external conical sleeve of described cirque body and the external spiral cam of transmission shaft is contrary with transmission shaft Power output sense of rotation from left to right; The inner ring of described free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body are arranged end cam respectively and are intermeshed by end cam and form slow shelves cam-engaged pair; The inner ring of free wheel device is identical with transmission shaft Power output sense of rotation from left to right with the end cam line of contact expansion direction of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body.
7. mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: power is inputted by the gear frame coordinated with the axial inner conical drogue transmission of cirque body, described gear frame left end is supported in mission case by the first annular bearing with rolling contact, right-hand member is fixedly connected on the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body at circumferencial direction, the axial inner conical drogue cylindrical of cirque body is supported in mission case by the second annular bearing with rolling contact, in the cavity of described speed change butterfly spring between gear frame and transmission shaft cylindrical.
8. mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the shaft part outer round surface that the inner ring of described transmission shaft and free wheel device is rotatably assorted is provided with oil groove.
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| CN201210019013.4A CN102588548B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2012-01-20 | Mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device |
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| CN103615511B (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2016-05-18 | 重庆市科学技术研究院 | Many cam self-adaptings multidrive main shaft |
| CN103438177B (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2016-03-23 | 重庆市科学技术研究院 | Many cam self-adaptings multidrive |
| CN105864425A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-08-17 | 立马车业集团有限公司 | Force transmission structure |
| CN107725693A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-02-23 | 张家港川梭车业有限公司 | One kind two keeps off variable speed drive |
| CN111075851B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-12-03 | 西南大学 | Self-adaptive multi-plate sequencing large-torque friction clutch |
| CN110985563B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-12-03 | 西南大学 | Self-adaptive multi-plate sequencing large-torque friction clutch device with one-way transmission function |
| CN111075892B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2022-10-11 | 西南大学 | Intelligent self-adaptive automatic transmission |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101244752A (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2008-08-20 | 西南大学 | Side-hanging taper disc type self-adaption two-gear automatic speed changing hub |
| CN102287459A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2011-12-21 | 西南大学 | Heavy-duty overrunning clutch |
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| CN101792006B (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2013-01-23 | 西南大学 | Hub type manual-automatic integrated intelligent self-adaptive transmission sensing electrically-driven automatic transmission |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101244752A (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2008-08-20 | 西南大学 | Side-hanging taper disc type self-adaption two-gear automatic speed changing hub |
| CN102287459A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2011-12-21 | 西南大学 | Heavy-duty overrunning clutch |
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