CN105134897A - Disc type friction drive self-adaptive automatic transmission for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Disc type friction drive self-adaptive automatic transmission for electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN105134897A CN105134897A CN201510604586.7A CN201510604586A CN105134897A CN 105134897 A CN105134897 A CN 105134897A CN 201510604586 A CN201510604586 A CN 201510604586A CN 105134897 A CN105134897 A CN 105134897A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H15/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
- F16H15/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members without members having orbital motion
- F16H15/04—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
Abstract
The invention discloses a disc type friction drive self-adaptive automatic transmission for an electric vehicle. The disc type friction drive self-adaptive automatic transmission comprises a box, a drive shaft, a low-gear drive mechanism and a mechanical intelligent self-adaptive speed change assembly. A disc type friction face friction drive pair is adopted for the friction face of a driving friction disc of the mechanical intelligent self-adaptive speed change assembly and the friction face of a driven friction disc of the mechanical intelligent self-adaptive speed change assembly. One end of the drive shaft stretches out of the box and outputs power to a vehicle rear axle through an output speed reducing mechanism. A disengagement and engagement structure is formed through the friction discs, the advantage of sensitive responses is achieved, and the axial size is small; under the limited radial size condition, joint of friction faces is guaranteed, the automatic transmission can adapt to coaxiality of the driving friction disc and the driven friction disc, the friction faces can be enlarged, and it is guaranteed that good drive is kept under the limited elastic force condition; sensitivity of disengagement and engagement can be guaranteed, transmission precision is improved, and the automatic transmission is suitable for the field of electric vehicles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle transmission, particularly one disk-type friction transmission used for electric vehicle self-adapting automatic gear shift device.
Background technique
In prior art, automobile, motorcycle, electric bicycle are all directly control closure or Current Control speed by speed-regulating handle or accelerator pedal substantially, or adopt hand-control mechanical automatic automatic transmission mode to realize speed change.The operation of driver is depended in the operation of handle or accelerator pedal completely, operation usually can be caused not mate with garage situation, cause motor or motor fluctuation of service, occur stall phenomenon.
Motor Vehicle when by rider when not knowing running resistance, only rule of thumb operate the speed change gear of control, there is following problem unavoidably: 1. starting, go up a slope and heavy load time, because running resistance increases, force motor or engine speed to decline and work in inefficient district.2., owing to not having mechanical transmission to adjust moment of torsion and speed, can only promote the use of in plains region, use under mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions can not be met, reduce using scope; 3. driving wheel place installing space is little, is difficult to hold automatic transmission and other new technology again after having installed motor or motor; 4. do not possess adaptive function, automatically can not detect, revise and get rid of the error in operation of driver; 5., when speed of a motor vehicle change is unexpected, motor or engine power must be caused to be difficult to mate with running resistance.6. continue apart from short, grade ability is poor, accommodation is little.
In order to overcome the above problems, present inventor has invented a series of cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, utilize running resistance driving cam, reach self shifter and the object according to running resistance Adaptive matching speed of a motor vehicle output torque, there is good effect; Although aforesaid cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device has above-mentioned advantage, stability and high efficiency comparatively prior art improve a lot, but parts thereof structure is comparatively complicated, speed changer volume is larger, the distortion of long-term operation component obviously, does not have stable support, causes running noises larger, affect running comfort and affect transmission efficiency, thus energy consumption is higher; Further, speed shelves engage, separating mechanism axial engagement face stroke is long, and Detaching and Lapping is thorough not, and be unfavorable for improving transmission accuracy, long period can affect overall form and position tolerance after using, thus affects the stability of transmission.
Therefore, one is needed to improve above-mentioned cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, not only self adaption automatically can carry out shift speed change with travelling when change in resistance does not cut off driving force, solving the little problem that can not meet complex condition road occupation of moment of torsion-rotation speed change; Long-term operation still ensures stable support, reduces running noises, ensures running comfort and improves transmission efficiency, thus reduces energy consumption; Change the present situation that speed shelves engage, separating mechanism axial engagement face stroke is long, Detaching and Lapping fast and thoroughly, is beneficial to raising transmission accuracy, and long period still can ensure overall form and position tolerance after using, thus ensures the stability of transmission.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle, not only self adaption automatically can carry out shift speed change with travelling when change in resistance does not cut off driving force, solving the little problem that can not meet complex condition road occupation of moment of torsion-rotation speed change; Long-term operation still ensures stable support, reduces running noises, ensures running comfort and improves transmission efficiency, thus reduces energy consumption; Change the present situation that speed shelves engage, separating mechanism axial engagement face stroke is long, Detaching and Lapping fast and thoroughly, is beneficial to raising transmission accuracy, and long period still can ensure overall form and position tolerance after using, thus ensures the stability of transmission.
Disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle of the present invention, comprises casing and coordinates with body pivot and the transmission shaft outputed power, the mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly also comprising slow gear driving mechanism and be arranged on transmission shaft;
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly comprises driven friction disk, active friction disk and speed change elastic element;
The rubbing surface of active friction disk and driven friction disk rubbing surface complement each other to form the disk-type friction transmission transmitting fast shelves, and speed change elastic element applies to make driven friction disk and active friction disk to fit the pretightening force of transmission; Described driven friction disk is coated at transmission shaft and is coordinated by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam with it;
Described transmission shaft one end is stretched out casing and is outputted power to automobile axle by output speed reducer structure.
Further, described slow gear driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism, described free wheel device comprises outer ring, inner ring and rolling element, form the engagement space being used for being engaged by rolling element or being separated between described outer ring and inner ring, described inner ring is coated at a driving sleeve and the inner circle of inner ring is provided with spiral cam for coordinating with driving sleeve; Power is inputed to free wheel device outer ring by intermediate reduction gear mechanism by described active friction disk;
Further, described output speed reducer structure comprises output driving gear, first and exports driven gear, exports jack shaft and the second output driven gear, the transmission of described output driving gear is equipped with in transmission shaft and exports driven gear engagement driving with first, first exports driven gear and second exports driven gear and is arranged at and exports jack shaft and link, and described second output driven gear outputs power to differential mechanism;
Further, be rotatably assorted and be coated at transmission shaft and be at least provided with an intermediate cam cover, described intermediate cam is overlapped one end and driven friction disk and is coordinated by cam secondary I transmission, and the other end to be coordinated with driving sleeve transmission by cam pair II and is passed to driven friction disk by keeping off power slowly by free wheel device inner ring;
Further, described free wheel device also comprises Support roller assembly, described supporting roller assembly at least comprises and is parallel to free wheel device axis and support roll spaced with rolling element, described support roll cylindrical contacts with adjacent rolling element cylindrical, and described support roll is to arrange in the movable mode of the circumferencial direction of free wheel device;
Further, described cam secondary I and cam pair II are end cam pair;
Further, described supporting roller assembly also comprises supporting roller support, and described back-up roll is being supported between outer ring inner circle and inner ring cylindrical by supporting roller support along the slip of free wheel device circumferencial direction and the mode around own axis;
Further, described supporting roller support comprises the pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II that arrange corresponding to support roll two ends, described pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II are respectively equipped with the circular groove along pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II circumferencial direction for penetrating for support roll two ends, and described support roll two ends are slidably matched with corresponding circular groove; Also comprise and be supported in the rolling bearing I between outer ring and inner ring and the rolling bearing II be supported between outer ring and inner ring outside pushing out ring II outside pushing out ring I; The circular groove bottom land of described pushing out ring I and the circular groove bottom land of pushing out ring II are equipped with axial hole;
Further, the internal spiral cam that described main transmission cam pair is provided with by described driven friction disk integrated driven disc axle sleeve inner circle and the external spiral cam that transmission shaft is provided with complement each other to form, and described active friction disk is mode can be coated at driven disc axle sleeve formation disk-type friction transmission in axial sliding;
Further, the supporting frame being provided with tubular structure is fixedly connected with active friction disk, this supporting frame is rotatably assorted away from one end of active friction disk and is supported in gearbox casing, the space of described speed change elastic element between supporting frame and transmission shaft and be coated at back shaft.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle of the present invention, there is all advantages of existing cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, if detect driving torque-rotating speed and running resistance-vehicle speed signal according to running resistance, motor or engine output and traveling state of vehicle is made to be in optimum Match state all the time, the balance realizing vehicle traction moment and comprehensive running resistance controls, and when not cutting off driving force, self adaption carries out shift speed change automatically with traveling change in resistance; Use under can meeting mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions, make motor or engine load change gently, motor vehicle operate steadily, and improve Security;
Meanwhile, adopt friction disk to form the structure being separated and combining, there is sensitive advantage, and axial dimension is less; Under limited radial dimension condition, ensure the joint of rubbing surface, be not only beneficial to the coaxality problem adapting to active friction disk and driven friction disk, be also beneficial to increase rubbing surface, ensure to keep good transmission under limited elastic force condition; Also be beneficial to ensure be separated, engage sensitive, improve transmission accuracy, be applicable to electric automobiles.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is axial section structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is overrun clutch structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the axial sectional view of free wheel device.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is axial section structural representation of the present invention, Fig. 2 is overrun clutch structure schematic diagram, Fig. 3 is the axial sectional view of free wheel device, as shown in the figure: disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle of the present invention, comprises casing and coordinate with body pivot and the transmission shaft 1 outputed power; The mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly also comprising slow gear driving mechanism and be arranged on transmission shaft 1;
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly comprises driven friction disk 6, active friction disk 7 and speed change elastic element;
Active friction disk 7 and driven friction disk 6 rubbing surface complement each other to form the disk-type friction transmission transmitting fast shelves, and disk-type friction transmission refers to be formed between driven friction disk 6, active friction disk 7 and can be separated or the structure of couple drive, does not repeat them here; Speed change elastic element applies to make driven friction disk and active friction disk to fit the pretightening force of transmission; Described driven friction disk is coated at transmission shaft and is coordinated by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam with it; Described transmission shaft one end is stretched out casing and is outputted power to automobile axle by output speed reducer structure;
Described active friction disk 7 is for receiving driving power, namely the power that drive motor transmits is received, as shown in the figure, also comprise power input gear 9, and be arranged at power input shaft 8 by power input gear 9 and power is inputed to active friction disk 7, in the present embodiment, active friction disk 7 is provided with the external toothing engaged with power input gear; This structure is beneficial to and forms preliminary deceleration, meanwhile, and compact structure.
In the present embodiment, described output speed reducer structure comprises output driving gear 2, first and exports driven gear 13, exports jack shaft 10 and the second output driven gear 11, the transmission of described output driving gear 2 is equipped with in transmission shaft 1 and exports driven gear 13 engagement driving with first, first exports driven gear 13 and second exports driven gear 11 and is arranged at and exports jack shaft 10 and link, and described second output driven gear 11 outputs power to differential mechanism 12.
In the present embodiment, described slow gear driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism, described free wheel device comprises outer ring 14, inner ring 15 and rolling element, the engagement space being used for being engaged by rolling element or being separated is formed between described outer ring 14 and inner ring 15, the rolling element of free wheel device and the structure in engagement space belong to prior art, do not repeat them here; Described inner ring 15 is coated at a driving sleeve 16 and the inner circle of inner ring 15 is provided with spiral cam for coordinating with driving sleeve 16, namely inner ring 15 inner circle is coordinated by spiral prominence wheel set I with between driving sleeve 16, as shown in the figure, round-formed internal spiral cam path I in inner ring 15, driving sleeve 16 cylindrical forms external spiral cam path I, and internal spiral cam path I and external spiral cam path I complement each other to form spiral prominence wheel set I by ball; Power is inputed to free wheel device outer ring 14 by intermediate reduction gear mechanism by described active friction disk 7; Free wheel device inner ring 15 adopts the export structure of spiral cam, and is arranged on driving sleeve 16, reduce the use of end cam, and spiral cam has good flexibility, comparatively sensitive to resistance response; Make free wheel device itself namely form the possibility with many cam drives, simply compact for Adaptive Mechanical speed changer structure, reduce the axial dimension of speed changer, speed-change process has good flexibility and higher transmission accuracy;
Intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism can be primary gear speed reducing transmission or other reducing transmission structures, and this intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism can ensure that active friction disk 7 is passed to the rotating speed of rotating speed lower than active friction disk 7 of the outer ring 14 of free wheel device; For realizing goal of the invention of the present invention, the inner ring 15 of described free wheel device exports in sense of rotation at power output member and surmounts between outer ring 14; As shown in the figure, described intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism comprises slow shelves jack shaft, be arranged at first slow grade of gear and second slow grade of gear that slow shelves jack shaft coordinates with its transmission, and slow shelves jack shaft is rotatably assorted in mission case by annular bearing with rolling contact; Coordinate (drive mechanism such as spline) to be provided with slow shelves driving gear with the external toothing transmission of described active friction disk 7, described slow shelves driving gear coordinates with first slow grade of meshed transmission gear, outer ring 14 engagement driving of second slow grade of gear and free wheel device; Simple and compact for structure, realize the transmission of power of slow shelves.
In the present embodiment, speed change elastic element applies to make itself and active friction disk 7 to fit the pretightening force of transmission to driven friction disk 6; During described transmission shaft 1 Power output, main transmission cam pair applies the axial thrust load contrary with speed change elastic element pretightening force to driven friction disk 6.
In the present embodiment, being rotatably assorted is coated at transmission shaft 1 and is at least provided with intermediate cam cover 21, and the present embodiment is one, certainly, when spatial condition possesses, also can be multiple; Described intermediate cam is overlapped 21 one end and is coordinated by secondary I transmission of cam with driven friction disk 6, the other end to be coordinated with driving sleeve 16 transmission by cam secondary II and is passed to driven friction disk 6 by keeping off power slowly by free wheel device inner ring 15, and described cam pair I and cam pair II are end cam pair; When slow shelves form transmission, utilize the axial thrust load of cam pair II, cam pair I, main transmission cam pair to compress elastic element and form locking, and form slow shelves transmission; In the present embodiment, the internal spiral cam that described main transmission cam pair is provided with by described driven friction disk 6 inner circle and the internal spiral cam that transmission shaft 1 is provided with complement each other to form; The shaft part that described transmission shaft 1 extends casing is provided with rotation section (drive splines); As shown in the figure, active friction disk 7 outer rim is provided with the external toothing for input power; The internal spiral cam that described main transmission cam pair is provided with by described driven friction disk 6 inner circle and the external spiral cam that transmission shaft 1 is provided with complement each other to form, namely described driven friction disk 6 is coated at transmission shaft 1 and inner circle is provided with internal spiral cam 6a, and transmission shaft 1 is provided with the external spiral cam 1a matched with internal spiral cam and jointly forms spiral prominence wheel set; Spiral prominence wheel set is the worm structure cooperatively interacted, and the two is spiral chute, and embedded ball 22 forms meshing transmission structure; When driven friction disk 6 rotates, by spiral prominence wheel set, axis and circumferencial direction two component are produced to transmission shaft 1, wherein circumferencial direction component drives transmission shaft 1 to rotate and outputting power, the mounting structure that axial thrust load is transmitted axle 1 is offset, and its reaction force acts is in driven friction disk 6 and put on speed change elastic element; When axial thrust load reaches setting numerical value, compression is formed to elastic element, driven friction disk 6 is separated with active friction disk 7, form the condition of speed change, belong to the structure of prior art, do not repeat them here; Certainly, spiral prominence wheel set is the preferred structure of the present embodiment, and other cam pair existing also can be adopted to drive, such as end cam etc., but spiral prominence wheel set can make this structure more compact, manufactures, installs and keep in repair more convenient, and helix structure stable drive, uniform force, there is unrivaled stability and smoothness, increase work efficiency further, there is better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, larger control vehicular discharge, is more suitable for the vehicles such as light electric vehicle and uses.
In the present embodiment, also comprise Support roller assembly, described supporting roller assembly at least comprises and is parallel to free wheel device axis and support roll spaced with rolling element, described support roll cylindrical contacts with adjacent rolling element cylindrical, and described support roll is to arrange in the movable mode of the circumferencial direction of free wheel device; Independent of the supporting roller structure of outer ring 14 and inner ring 15, and adopt servo-actuated structure, for keeping the spacing between rolling element, cancel elastic element and the position limit socket of prior art, avoid directly processing position limit socket on outer ring 14 or inner ring 15, simplify course of working, increase work efficiency, cut down finished cost, ensure processing and assembly precision, increase the service life and ensure transmission effect, and associated components is easily changed after damaging, and reduces maintenance and use cost; Owing to adopting support roll 4 structure, do not adopt independent elastic element, theory unlimited can extend the axial length of free wheel device and rolling element, increase length of action, that is, can need according to load-bearing the axial length increasing free wheel device, thus increase the bearing capacity of free wheel device, and reduce, compared with the free wheel device radial dimension under high bearing capacity, to extend the working life of free wheel device; Simultaneously, because support roll directly contacts with rolling element, when particularly adopting roller construction, the unbalanced possibility that the applying of the point cantact to the roller pretightening force eliminating prior art produces, ensure the spacing balance to rolling element 31 under the prerequisite of longer axial dimension, what make it not depart from inner ring 15 axis is parallel, thus ensures the stable operation of free wheel device, avoids mechanical failure; Adopt back-up roll structure, rolling element generally adopts roller construction;
Described supporting roller assembly also comprises supporting roller support, and described support roll is with between the inwall that can slide and be supported in by supporting roller support around the mode of own axis the ring-shaped depression radial outside of outer ring 14 along free wheel device circumferencial direction and inner ring 15 cylindrical; This structure ensures rotation or the free sliding degree of support roll, thus ensures the trackability of support roll further, makes to form rolling friction when free wheel device runs between rolling element and support roll, reduces power consumption, and makes the stability of free wheel device better;
In the present embodiment, described supporting roller support comprises the pushing out ring I 24 and pushing out ring II 28 that arrange corresponding to support roll two ends, the circular groove along pushing out ring I 24 and pushing out ring II 28 circumferencial direction that described pushing out ring I 24 and pushing out ring II 28 are respectively equipped with for penetrating for support roll two ends (indicates the circular groove 24a on pushing out ring I 24 in figure, circular groove 28a on pushing out ring II 28 and the ring channel structures on pushing out ring I 24 similar and all inside), described support roll 23 two ends are slidably matched with corresponding circular groove, namely one end of support roll penetrates the circular groove 24a on pushing out ring I 24, the other end penetrates the circular groove on pushing out ring II 28, adopt the mounting structure of circular groove, structure is simple, and assembling easily, makes the designs simplification of free wheel device further, reduces costs, also comprise and be supported in the rolling bearing I 26 between outer ring 14 and inner ring 15 and the rolling bearing II 29 be supported between outer ring 14 and inner ring 15 outside pushing out ring II 28 outside pushing out ring I 24, form stable support, avoid bite, the circular groove bottom land of described pushing out ring I 24 and the circular groove bottom land of pushing out ring II 28 are equipped with axial hole, for passing through lubricant oil, can be introduced and removal of lubricant by this axial hole, realize lubrication and cleaning preferably, thus ensure the running of free wheel device.
In the present embodiment, also comprise the baffle ring I 25 be positioned at outside pushing out ring I 24 and the baffle ring II 30 be positioned at outside pushing out ring II 28, described baffle ring I 25 and baffle ring II 30 are placed on the heavy stand structure of outer ring in all being formed, form the stable support to outer ring, ensure the stable operation of free wheel device itself; As shown in the figure, baffle ring I 25 and baffle ring II 30 respectively by the roller bearings of correspondence in driving sleeve 16 cylindrical, as shown in the figure, baffle ring I 25 is installed on driving sleeve 16 by rolling bearing I 26 and baffle ring II 30 by rolling bearing II 29, make to form stable relative movement between free wheel device inner ring and outer ring, reduce the generation of friction and bite.
In the present embodiment, the distribution of the axial hole 24b of the circular groove 24a bottom land of described pushing out ring I 24 is corresponding with support roll 23 and rolling element 31; Comparatively directly can provide lubrication preferably.
In the present embodiment, the diameter of described support roll 23 is less than 1/3rd of the diameter of rolling element 31, and rolling element is roller.
In the present embodiment, the supporting frame 4 being provided with tubular structure is fixedly connected with active friction disk 7, this supporting frame is rotatably assorted away from one end of active friction disk 7 and is supported in gearbox casing, the space of described speed change elastic element 3 between supporting frame and transmission shaft 1 and be coated at back shaft; As shown in the figure, back shaft is provided with free wheel device outer ring 14, intermediate cam cover 21, driven friction disk 6 and speed change elastic element 3 (the present embodiment adopts speed change disc spring) by left-to-right, supporting frame 4 pairs of active friction disks 7 of tubular structure form stable support, ensure transmission accuracy, simultaneously, speed change elastic element is in the space of supporting frame between transmission shaft 1 and be coated at back shaft, compact structure.
Above embodiment is optimum structure of the present invention, is not limiting the scope of the present invention; The scheme that Placement adjusts to some extent, and do not affect the realization of this goal of the invention.
The fast gear power transmission line of the present embodiment:
External spiral cam → transmission shaft 1 outputting power of the internal spiral cam → transmission shaft 1 of power → active friction disk 7 → driven friction disk 6 → driven friction disk 6;
Now free wheel device surmounts, and resistance transfer route: internal spiral cam → driven friction disk 6 → compression speed change butterfly spring of the external spiral cam → driven friction disk 6 of transmission shaft 1 → transmission shaft 1; Transmission shaft 1 applies axial force by the external spiral cam of transmission shaft 1 to the internal spiral cam of driven friction disk 6 and driven friction disk 6 and compresses speed change butterfly spring, when running resistance is increased to a timing, this axial force speed change butterfly spring, active friction disk 7 is separated with driven friction disk 6, power is transmitted by following route, namely keeps off power transmission line slowly:
Power → active friction disk 7 → keep off slowly driving gear → the first keeps off gear → keep off external spiral cam → transmission shaft 1 outputting power that jack shaft → the second keeps off the internal spiral cam → transmission shaft 1 of outer ring 14 → free wheel device inner ring, 15 → spiral prominence wheel set, I 32 → driving sleeve, 16 → intermediate cam cover, 21 → driven friction disk, the 6 → driven friction disk 6 of gear → free wheel device slowly slowly slowly.
Slow gear power transmission line is simultaneously also through following route: spiral prominence wheel set I → driving sleeve 16 → intermediate cam cover 21 → driven friction disk 6 → compression speed change butterfly spring, prevent from keeping off slowly in transmission process and occur compression speed change butterfly spring reciprocating compression, thus when preventing slow shelves transmission, active friction disk 7 and driven friction disk 6 are fitted.
Above-mentioned transfer route is had to find out, the present invention operationally, active friction disk 7 and driven friction disk 6 fit tightly under the effect of speed change butterfly spring, form the automatic transmission that keeps certain pressure, and the required pressure of clutch engagement can be adjusted by the axial thickness increasing speed change axle sleeve, reach transmission object, now, power drives active friction disk 7, driven friction disk 6, transmission shaft 1, and transmission shaft 1 outputting power is rotated counterclockwise; Now keep off free wheel device to be slowly in and to surmount state.
During motor vehicle starting, resistance is greater than driving force, and resistance forces transmission shaft 1 to rotate clockwise several angle, and under the effect of the external spiral cam 1a of transmission shaft 1, driven friction disk 6 compresses speed change butterfly spring; Driven friction disk 6 is separated with active friction disk 7, synchronously, slow gear free wheel device engagement, power drives active friction disk 7, first slowly gear gear 19, slow gear jack shaft 17, second outer ring 14 of gear gear 18, free wheel device, inner ring 15, driving sleeve 16, intermediate cam cover 21, driven friction disk 6 and transmission shaft 1 slowly, and transmission shaft 1 outputting power is rotated to keep off speed slowly; Therefore, automatically achieve bottom gear and start, shorten the starting time, decrease starting force.Meanwhile, speed change butterfly spring absorbs movement resistor moment energy, stores standby potential energy for recovering gear transferring power soon.
Start successfully, running resistance reduces, when component is reduced to less than the pressure that speed change butterfly spring produces, produce under speed change butterfly spring pressure discharges promotion rapidly because the compression of passive movement resistance, complete driven friction disk 6 and active friction disk 7 to recover to fit tightly state, slow gear free wheel device is in and surmounts state.
In running process, along with the change self shifter principle of resistance to motion is the same, realizing variable block when not needing to cut off driving force, make whole locomotive operation steady, safe and low consumption, and transfer route being simplified, improving transmission efficiency.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technological scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technological scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle, it is characterized in that: comprise casing and coordinate with body pivot and the transmission shaft outputed power, the mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly also comprising slow gear driving mechanism and be arranged on transmission shaft;
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly comprises driven friction disk, active friction disk and speed change elastic element;
The rubbing surface of active friction disk and driven friction disk rubbing surface complement each other to form the disk-type friction transmission transmitting fast shelves; Speed change elastic element applies to make driven friction disk and active friction disk to fit the pretightening force of transmission; Described driven friction disk is coated at transmission shaft and is coordinated by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam with it;
Described transmission shaft one end is stretched out casing and is outputted power to automobile axle by output speed reducer structure.
2. disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described slow gear driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism, described free wheel device comprises outer ring, inner ring and rolling element, form the engagement space being used for being engaged by rolling element or being separated between described outer ring and inner ring, described inner ring is coated at a driving sleeve and the inner circle of inner ring is provided with spiral cam for coordinating with driving sleeve; Power is inputed to free wheel device outer ring by intermediate reduction gear mechanism by described active friction disk.
3. disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described output speed reducer structure comprises output driving gear, first and exports driven gear, exports jack shaft and the second output driven gear, the transmission of described output driving gear is equipped with in transmission shaft and exports driven gear engagement driving with first, first exports driven gear and second exports driven gear and is arranged at and exports jack shaft and link, and described second output driven gear outputs power to differential mechanism.
4. disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: being rotatably assorted is coated at transmission shaft and is at least provided with an intermediate cam cover, described intermediate cam is overlapped one end and driven friction disk and is coordinated by cam secondary I transmission, and the other end to be coordinated with driving sleeve transmission by cam pair II and is passed to driven friction disk by keeping off power slowly by free wheel device inner ring.
5. disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described free wheel device also comprises Support roller assembly, described supporting roller assembly at least comprises and is parallel to free wheel device axis and support roll spaced with rolling element, described support roll cylindrical contacts with adjacent rolling element cylindrical, and described support roll is to arrange in the movable mode of the circumferencial direction of free wheel device.
6. disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described cam secondary I and cam pair II are end cam pair.
7. disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described supporting roller assembly also comprises supporting roller support, described back-up roll is can be supported between outer ring inner circle and inner ring cylindrical along the slip of free wheel device circumferencial direction and the mode around own axis by supporting roller support.
8. disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described supporting roller support comprises the pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II that arrange corresponding to support roll two ends, described pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II are respectively equipped with the circular groove along pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II circumferencial direction for penetrating for support roll two ends, and described support roll two ends are slidably matched with corresponding circular groove; Also comprise and be supported in the rolling bearing I between outer ring and inner ring and the rolling bearing II be supported between outer ring and inner ring outside pushing out ring II outside pushing out ring I; The circular groove bottom land of described pushing out ring I and the circular groove bottom land of pushing out ring II are equipped with axial hole.
9. disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the internal spiral cam that described main transmission cam pair is provided with by described driven friction disk integrated driven disc axle sleeve inner circle and the external spiral cam that transmission shaft is provided with complement each other to form, described active friction disk is mode can be coated at driven disc axle sleeve formation disk-type friction transmission in axial sliding; .
10. disk-type friction transmission self-adapting automatic gear shift device used for electric vehicle according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: be fixedly connected with the supporting frame being provided with tubular structure with active friction disk, this supporting frame is rotatably assorted away from one end of active friction disk and is supported in gearbox casing, the space of described speed change elastic element between supporting frame and transmission shaft and be coated at back shaft.
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| CN201510604586.7A CN105134897A (en) | 2015-09-21 | 2015-09-21 | Disc type friction drive self-adaptive automatic transmission for electric vehicle |
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| CN201510604586.7A CN105134897A (en) | 2015-09-21 | 2015-09-21 | Disc type friction drive self-adaptive automatic transmission for electric vehicle |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109941099A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-28 | 西南大学 | The mechanical double overdrive clutch self-adapting automatic gear shift bridge of planetary system input |
| CN109941100A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-28 | 西南大学 | Mechanical double overdrive clutch self-adapting automatic gear shift electric drive axle |
| CN111043255A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-21 | 西南大学 | Large-load self-adaptive automatic speed change system with smooth gear shifting |
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| CN101168346A (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-04-30 | 西南大学 | Electric vehicle self-adapting transmission sensing two-shift automatic variable speed electric wheel hub |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109941099A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-28 | 西南大学 | The mechanical double overdrive clutch self-adapting automatic gear shift bridge of planetary system input |
| CN109941100A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-28 | 西南大学 | Mechanical double overdrive clutch self-adapting automatic gear shift electric drive axle |
| CN111043255A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-21 | 西南大学 | Large-load self-adaptive automatic speed change system with smooth gear shifting |
| CN111043255B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2023-03-21 | 西南大学 | High-load self-adaptive automatic speed change system with smooth gear shifting |
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Effective date of registration: 20151215 Address after: 401123 Chongqing city in northern New Mount Huangshan road middle Willow Road No. 2 Applicant after: CHONGQING INSTITUTE FOR OPTICAL MACHINERY Address before: 401123 Chongqing city in northern New Mount Huangshan road middle Willow Road No. 2 Applicant before: Chongqing Academy of Science & Technology |
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