CN105359870B - Observe device that rice root system grows and distributes - Google Patents
Observe device that rice root system grows and distributes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359870B CN105359870B CN201510876843.2A CN201510876843A CN105359870B CN 105359870 B CN105359870 B CN 105359870B CN 201510876843 A CN201510876843 A CN 201510876843A CN 105359870 B CN105359870 B CN 105359870B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for observing growth distribution of rice root systems, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the supporting frame is arranged in the barrel, and the net surface is installed along the height direction of the supporting frame. The device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system can measure the morphological indexes of the root system in the growth and development process of rice, such as fresh weight, dry weight, number, length, volume and the like of roots, and can also conveniently observe and measure the spatial distribution of the rice root system, such as the root layer distribution proportion, the root length density and the like. The whole device has the advantages of ingenious design, simple structure, low production cost, simple and convenient operation, accurate and reliable result and suitability for large-scale popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for observing the growth distribution of plant roots, in particular to a device for observing the growth distribution of rice roots, and belongs to the field of agricultural sampling equipment.
Background
The root system of plants has various functions such as absorbing and transporting nutrients and water, synthesizing phytohormones and other organic substances, storing nutrients, and supporting plants to fix them in soil. It is the main organ for exchanging substances between plants and the external environment. The root morphology characteristics comprise root volume, geometric shape, length, distribution depth, root density, branching condition, root weight, root surface area, root hair number, root tip number and the like. The root form has close relation with the absorption capacity of nutrients and moisture.
However, the study of plant roots is much more difficult than the study of aerial parts. The sampling difficulty is higher when the plant root system grows in the underground part, the rice root system is different from the dry land crops, the whole growth process is basically under the flooding environment condition, and the sampling difficulty is higher. The existing rice root system sampling methods generally comprise a tool direct excavation method under a field growth environment, a root bag pre-embedding method, a whole pot washing method under a potted plant condition and a direct observation method under a water culture condition, and the methods have the defects that the sampling is incomplete or the real growth state of rice in soil cannot be expressed, so that the real morphological structure of the rice root system is difficult to completely observe and measure.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system, which has complete sampling and can represent the real growth state of rice in soil, so as to completely observe and measure the real morphological structure of the rice root system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a device for observing the growth distribution of a rice root system, which has complete sampling and can represent the real growth state of rice in soil, so as to completely observe and measure the real morphological structure of the rice root system, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a device for observing the growth distribution of rice roots is characterized by comprising: the supporting frame is arranged in the barrel, and the net surface is installed along the height direction of the supporting frame.
The device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system is characterized in that the barrel comprises a barrel body and a barrel bottom, the barrel body comprises a top side and a bottom side, the barrel bottom is installed on the bottom side of the barrel body, a barrel opening is formed in the top side of the barrel body, and the support frame is arranged in the barrel which is surrounded by the whole body and the barrel bottom.
The device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system is characterized in that the supporting frame comprises an outer frame and fixing devices, the outer frame comprises an outer side and an inner side which are opposite to each other, the fixing devices are arranged on the inner side of the outer frame, and the fixing devices are distributed at different heights on the inner side of the outer frame; the net surface is arranged on the fixing device.
The device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system is characterized in that the shape of the outer frame is consistent with that of the cylinder.
The device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system is characterized in that the sectional area of the bottom side of the barrel body is smaller than that of the top side of the barrel body.
The utility model provides an observe device that rice root system grows and distributes, its characterized in that, outer frame includes a plurality of stay tubes, fixing device is including setting up the solid fixed ring between the stay tube, gu fixed ring and stay tube fixed connection, the wire side is installed on solid fixed ring.
The device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system is characterized in that the outer frame is in contact with the inner wall of the barrel body.
The device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system is characterized in that a gap is formed between the outer frame and the inner wall of the barrel body.
The device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system is characterized in that the barrel body is annular, and the diameter of the bottom side of the barrel body is smaller than that of the top side of the barrel body; the net surface is round; the area of the net surface close to the bottom of the barrel body is smaller than that of the net surface far away from the bottom of the barrel body.
The device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system is characterized in that the supporting frame comprises a gripping part, and the gripping part is arranged on the outer frame.
The invention has the advantages that: the device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system can measure the morphological indexes of the root system in the growth and development process of rice, such as fresh weight, dry weight, number, length, volume and the like of roots, and can also conveniently observe and measure the spatial distribution of the rice root system, such as the root layer distribution proportion, the root length density and the like. The whole device has the advantages of ingenious design, simple structure, low production cost, simple and convenient operation, accurate and reliable result and suitability for large-scale popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of an apparatus for observing the growth distribution of rice roots according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the bucket of the apparatus for observing the growth distribution of rice roots according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the supporting frame of the device for observing the growth distribution of rice roots according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a mesh surface in the device for observing the growth distribution of rice roots according to the present invention.
The meaning of the reference symbols in the figures:
1. the barrel comprises a barrel body, 2, a support frame, 3, a net surface, 4, a barrel body, 5, a barrel bottom, 6, a top side, 7, a bottom side, 8, a barrel opening, 9, an outer frame, 10, a fixing device, 11, an outer side, 12, an inner side, 13, a support pipe, 14, a fixing ring, 15 and a gripping part.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system of the present invention comprises: bucket 1, support frame 2, a plurality of wire side 3, support frame 2 sets up in bucket 1, along support frame 2 direction of height installation wire side 3. The present invention is not limited to the type of plant observed, but preferably, the present invention is most suitable for observing the root system of rice. The innovation point of the invention can be embodied most when the rice root system is observed. This is because the whole growth process of rice is basically under the condition of flooding environment, and the sampling difficulty is larger than that of dry-land crops. Therefore, this example is provided to illustrate the practice of the present invention with rice as an example. When observing other plant roots, the process of observing rice can be imitated, and the invention is not repeated.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the sampling is incomplete and the rice cannot show the real growth state in the soil. Therefore, the invention designs a barrel 1, a support frame 2 is arranged in the barrel 1, a net surface 3 is arranged on the support frame 2, and then the barrel 1 is filled with soil matrix. Rice seeds are placed in the soil. The barrel 1 is used as a container to realize the functions of soil and water conservation. In the process from the germination of rice seeds in soil to the growth of mature rice, the root system of the rice is fixed in the barrel 1, and further, the root system of the rice can extend into the supporting frame 2 and the grids of the net surfaces 3 with different heights so as to be fixed by the supporting frame 2 and the net surfaces 3. Thereby exhibiting the intact morphology of the root system in the soil. When taking out the observation, because bucket 1 and support frame 2 are separable, consequently can mention support frame 2, take out it from bucket 1, because in the soil parcel this moment on support frame 2 and the wire side 3, the root system is located soil again, mentioning 2 in-process of support frame, can avoid using tools to excavate soil etc. to the sample that consequently has avoided causing is incomplete. After being taken out, the root morphology indexes such as fresh weight, dry weight, number, length, volume and the like of roots in the rice growth and development process can be measured. In addition, the root system has already deepened into the net surface 3 of different height at this moment, so can facilitate observing and determining the spatial distribution of the rice root system again, such as the root layer distribution proportion and root length density, etc.. The whole device has simple structure, convenient operation and accurate and reliable result.
The most basic configuration of the present embodiment is described above, and in order to better achieve the object of the present invention, a more detailed embodiment is given below and described with reference to fig. 1 to 4. As shown in figure 1, the device for observing the growth distribution of the rice root system is disclosed, wherein the barrel 1 is preferably a round barrel 1, because the containing volume of the round barrel 1 is the largest relative to the materials of the barrels 1 with other shapes. The rice root systems are distributed shallowly in the soil, mainly distributed in a 0-25cm soil layer, and the appearance shape looks like an inverted peach, so that the design can meet the space requirement of the growth of the rice root system; on the other hand, compared with the design of 'equal thickness from top to bottom' and 'thickness from bottom to top', the material of the barrel 1 and the amount of the soil matrix filled in the barrel can be saved, so that the barrel 1 avoids the situation that the root system can not present a complete shape in the soil due to the shape limitation of the barrel 1 to the maximum extent. Further, the support frame 2 is preferably a stainless steel frame, and similarly, the mesh surface 3 is preferably a stainless steel mesh surface 3. This is because the stainless steel material has good rust-proof characteristic to reinforcing support frame 2, wire side 3 life.
As shown in fig. 2, the barrel 1 comprises a barrel body 4 and a barrel bottom 5, the barrel body 4 comprises a top side 6 and a bottom side 7, the barrel bottom 5 is installed on the bottom side 7 of the barrel body 4, the top side 6 of the barrel body 4 is provided with a barrel opening 8, and the support frame 2 is arranged in the barrel 1 enclosed by the barrel body and the barrel bottom 5. The support frame 2, the substrate and the seeds are filled into the barrel 1 from the barrel opening 8.
As shown in fig. 3, the supporting frame 2 comprises an outer frame 9, a fixing device 10, wherein the outer frame 9 comprises an outer side 11 and an inner side 12 which are opposite, the fixing device 10 is installed on the inner side 12 of the outer frame 9, and the fixing device 10 is distributed at different heights on the inner side 12 of the outer frame 9; the wire side 3 is mounted on a fixture 10. The outer frame 9 is intended to constitute the structure of the support frame 2 itself, while the function of the fixing means 10 should at least be to fix the mesh surface 3 at different heights of the outer frame 9. Further, the fixing device 10 may also serve to further reinforce the strength of the outer frame 9, and the like. It should be noted that the invention is not limited to the particular configuration of the fixing means 10 and the outer frame 9, and that, although an example is given in fig. 3, a structure with similar functions may be adopted by a person skilled in the art. For example, the fixing means 10 may be a hook or the like connected to the outer frame 9.
As a significant improvement of the present invention, the outer frame 9 is shaped to conform to the barrel 4. That is, when the tub 4 is in the shape of the drum 1, the outer frame 9 is also in the shape. And the shape and the outline of the outer frame 9 are consistent with those of the barrel body 4. The reason for this is that, first, the position of the outer frame 9 within the tub 4 is more limited. The problem that when the support frame 2 is taken out due to the fact that the shape and the outline are inconsistent, soil is broken and loosened due to the fact that the shape and the outline are inconsistent, and root systems in the soil are broken or the positions of the root systems are greatly changed is avoided. So that the sampling is incomplete and the rice cannot show the real growth state in the soil.
As a further preference, the bottom side 7 of the bucket body 4 is smaller in cross-sectional area than the top side 6. Therefore, the tub 1 should have a shape of being thick at the top and thin at the bottom. The supporting frame 2 has the advantages that the shape of the outer frame 9 is consistent with that of the barrel body 4, and the upper part of the supporting frame is thick and the lower part of the supporting frame is thin. When the support frame 2 is taken out, the support frame is not easy to be blocked and is convenient to lift. The problem that soil is loosened and broken in the taking-out process due to clamping is avoided, and accordingly the root system in the soil is broken or the position of the root system is greatly changed. Thus, the sampling is incomplete and the rice cannot show the real growth state in the soil. In addition, the upper part is thick and the lower part is thin, so that compared with the design of consistent thickness, the material is saved, the using amount of the soil matrix is reduced, and the cost is reduced. In addition, because staving 4, support frame 2 all need use a plurality ofly in the actual production, go up thick thin setting down, be convenient for in the transportation, bucket 1 and bucket 1 can overlap and establish together, and support frame 2 can overlap and establish together, have made things convenient for the transportation.
In this embodiment, when the barrel 1 is used, the bottom side 7 of the barrel 1, the inside 12 of which has a diameter (which may be referred to as the inside diameter), of 26cm, and the top side 6 of the barrel 4, the inside 12 of which has a diameter (which may be referred to as the inside diameter), of 36 cm. Further, it is preferable that the tub 1 is made of high-quality polypropylene plastic because the high-quality polypropylene plastic has high impact resistance, is tough in mechanical properties, and is resistant to various organic solvents and acid and alkali corrosion. The barrel 1 is composed of a circular barrel body 4 and a barrel bottom 5, the barrel bottom 5 is sealed, and the whole size is 36cm x 26cm x 40cm (namely, the inner opening diameter is internally multiplied by the inner diameter). Generally, rice root systems are distributed in soil in an inverted peach shape. The depth of the distribution from the soil surface is between 0 and 25 cm. Hereby, it can be achieved that the root system is completely in the inner side 12 of the outer frame 9.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, the outside 11 of the outer frame 9 and the inner wall of the tub 4 are in contact with each other. The intuitive expression of this arrangement is that the support frame 2, as shown in fig. 1, is dimensioned to fit the tub 1 and can be placed inside it, so that no gap is present between the outside 11 of the outer frame 9 and the inner wall. Because there is not the clearance, consequently when filling soil matrix, soil just can not get into between support frame 2 and the staving 4, therefore the root of rice has just also avoided stretching into between support frame 2 and the staving 4, and in the support frame 2 process of mentioning, has avoided the earth between support frame 2 and the staving 4 to be driven, causes the fracture of more soil, not hard up to consequently the root system in the soil breaks or the position takes place big change. Of course, in addition to this preference, a gap is provided between the outside 11 of the outer frame 9 and the inner wall of the tub 4 if necessary. Preferably, the difference between the diameter of the outer frame 9 and the inner wall of the barrel 4 is 0-5 cm. Thereby avoiding excessive clearance.
As shown in FIG. 1, the barrel 4 of the present embodiment has a circular ring shape, and the diameter of the bottom side 7 of the barrel 4 is smaller than that of the top side 6 of the barrel 4; the support 2 preferably has a circular shape; the net surface 3 is circular; the area of the net surface 3 which is closer to the bottom of the barrel body 4 is smaller than the area of the net surface 3 which is farther from the bottom of the barrel body 4. Meanwhile, the uppermost ring of the support frame 2 is provided with a gripping part 15, namely the gripping part 15 is arranged on the outer frame 9, so that the lifting is convenient; the stainless steel net surface 3 (preferably with the diameter of the mesh being 1 cm) is laid in the stainless steel frame every 10cm of soil layers from the bottom 5 to the opening 8 of the barrel.
The preferred embodiment of the support frame 2 is also shown in this embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, the outer frame 9 includes a plurality of support pipes 13, the fixing device 10 includes fixing rings 14 disposed between the support pipes 13, the fixing rings 14 are fixedly connected to the support pipes 13, and the mesh surface 3 is mounted on the fixing rings 14. The support frame 2 is formed by welding 5 stainless steel fixing rings 14 and 4 stainless steel support tubes 13. The fixing rings 14 are preferably circular rings, the fixing rings 14 are distributed on the support pipe 13 at equal intervals, the support pipe 13 is at a height of 40cm, a first fixing ring 14 is arranged at the bottom end of the support pipe 13, a second fixing ring 14 is arranged at a position 10cm away from the bottom end of the support pipe 13, a third fixing ring 14 is arranged at a position 20cm away from the bottom end of the support pipe 13, a fourth fixing ring 14 is arranged at a position 30cm away from the bottom end of the support pipe 13, and a fifth fixing ring 14 is arranged at the top end of the support pipe 13. Adjacent retaining rings 14 are therefore spaced 10cm apart. The fixing rings 14 here serve to fix the web 3 at different heights of the outer frame 9, while further reinforcing the strength of the outer frame 9. The net surface 3 is arranged on the support frame 2, then the support frame 2 is placed in the barrel 1, and the first fixing ring 14 is contacted with the barrel bottom 5. The fifth securing ring 14 is flush with the bung 8. Therefore, the mesh surface 3 is distributed every 10cm from the bottom 5 to the opening 8. The net surface 3 has the function of supporting soil so as to fix the position of the root system. The mesh side 3 is shaped as shown in figure 4. Further, the mesh diameter is preferably 1 to 2 cm. If the mesh diameter is too large, it is difficult to support the soil, and if it is too small, it may restrict the root growth. Further, the area of the net surface 3 closer to the bottom of the barrel body 4 is smaller than that of the net surface 3 farther from the bottom of the barrel body 4. From bottom to top, the specifications of the mesh surface 3 are respectively 25cm, 27.5cm, 30cm, 32.5cm and 35 cm. The stainless steel frame is matched with the stainless steel frame in a shape with thick upper part and thin lower part, so that the weight is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
The procedure for using the present invention is given below.
The first step is as follows: installation of the device: a. firstly, a first layer of net surface 3 at the bottom is placed on a fixing ring 14 at the bottom of a support frame 2; b. put into the barrel 1 together; c. loading soil matrix to a height of 10cm, placing the second layer of net surface 3, loading soil matrix to a height of 20cm, placing the third layer of net surface 3, loading soil matrix to a height of 30cm, placing the fourth layer of net surface 3, and finally loading soil matrix to a height of 40cm, namely filling the barrel 1, and finishing the installation.
The second step is that: planting rice: a. sowing 3 rice seeds in a central 1-2cm deep soil layer at intervals of 1-2cm, covering soil and watering; b. and thinning when the 3 rd leaf of the rice grows out, and keeping 1 piece of strong rice to continue growing until the rice is mature.
The third step: observation assay (sampling observation assay can be performed at any time of rice growth and development): a. lifting the support frame 2 out of the tub 1 with two grips 15; b. carefully washing each layer of soil matrix with running water, wherein the support frame 2, the net surface 3 and the rice root system are completely presented, and the depth and the width of the root system in the soil body distribution are integrally measured; c. shearing off each layer of root system by clinging to the net surface 3 with a pair of scissors, and weighing to obtain fresh weight; d. weighing the fresh and heavy root system, scanning an image of the fresh and heavy root system by using a Scanner (Epson Expression 1680 Scanner, Seiko Epson Corp., Tokyo, Japan), and analyzing by using a WinRHIO root system analysis system (Regent Instruments Inc., Quebec, Canada) to measure the number, length, volume and the like of each layer of root system; e. drying the root system to constant weight, and measuring the dry weight of each layer of root system; f. the root system distribution proportion = the ratio of fresh weight or dry weight of each layer of root system, and the root length density = the total root length of each layer of root system/the volume of each layer of soil body.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent variations fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A device for observing the growth distribution of rice roots is characterized by comprising: the supporting frame is arranged in the barrel, and the net surfaces are arranged along the height direction of the supporting frame; the barrel comprises a barrel body and a barrel bottom, the barrel body comprises a top side and a bottom side, the barrel bottom is installed at the bottom side of the barrel body, the top side of the barrel body is provided with a barrel opening, and the support frame is arranged in the barrel defined by the barrel body and the barrel bottom;
the supporting frame comprises an outer frame and fixing devices, the outer frame comprises an outer side and an inner side which are opposite, the fixing devices are arranged on the inner side of the outer frame, and the fixing devices are distributed at different heights on the inner side of the outer frame; the net surface is arranged on the fixing device; the shape of the outer frame is consistent with that of the cylinder; the sectional area of the bottom side of the barrel body is smaller than that of the top side of the barrel body;
the outer frame comprises a plurality of supporting tubes, the fixing device comprises fixing rings arranged among the supporting tubes, the fixing rings are fixedly connected with the supporting tubes, and the net surface is arranged on the fixing rings; the outer side of the outer frame is in contact with the inner wall of the barrel body; a gap is formed between the outer side of the outer frame and the inner wall of the barrel body;
the barrel body is annular, and the diameter of the bottom side of the barrel body is smaller than that of the top side of the barrel body; the net surface is round; the area of the net surface close to the bottom of the barrel body is smaller than that of the net surface far away from the bottom of the barrel body; the support frame comprises a gripping part which is arranged on the outer frame; the diameter of the meshes of the mesh surface is 1-2 cm;
when the supporting frame is taken out, the grabbing piece on the supporting frame is grabbed and pulled out of the barrel from bottom to top.
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| CN201510876843.2A CN105359870B (en) | 2015-12-03 | 2015-12-03 | Observe device that rice root system grows and distributes |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105724097B (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2018-09-07 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of novel rice potting system |
| CN108398285A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-14 | 河南大学 | Device and its application method for radicula sampling and fine root production monitoring |
| CN108713493B (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2022-07-26 | 安徽农业大学 | A bucket cultivated in a pot for analyzing heat up to wheat root system distribution state influence |
| CN108925281B (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2023-01-10 | 安徽农业大学 | A bucket cultivated in a pot for analyzing heat is to influence of wheat root system distribution state |
| CN113740495B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-07-14 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) | Method for measuring garlic root system dynamic distribution width |
| CN114088892A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-25 | 安徽农业大学 | Potato root system in-situ observation test device |
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| CN204104458U (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2015-01-21 | 上海市农业生物基因中心 | A kind of device observing rice seedling Root morphology |
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| CN204104458U (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2015-01-21 | 上海市农业生物基因中心 | A kind of device observing rice seedling Root morphology |
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