CN105313866A - 具有混合动力驱动的机动车辆 - Google Patents

具有混合动力驱动的机动车辆 Download PDF

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CN105313866A
CN105313866A CN201510324589.5A CN201510324589A CN105313866A CN 105313866 A CN105313866 A CN 105313866A CN 201510324589 A CN201510324589 A CN 201510324589A CN 105313866 A CN105313866 A CN 105313866A
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brake
power actuated
actuated vehicle
cylinder
main brake
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CN105313866B (zh
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F·波佩
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/12—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/24—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general with additional mechanical or electromagnetic braking
    • B60L7/26—Controlling the braking effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B60L7/18—Controlling the braking effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/24—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general with additional mechanical or electromagnetic braking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/10—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
    • B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • B60T11/16—Master control, e.g. master cylinders
    • B60T11/20—Tandem, side-by-side, or other multiple master cylinder units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/58—Combined or convertible systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/58—Combined or convertible systems
    • B60T13/585—Combined or convertible systems comprising friction brakes and retarders
    • B60T13/586—Combined or convertible systems comprising friction brakes and retarders the retarders being of the electric type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/68—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/68—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
    • B60T13/686—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves in hydraulic systems or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/04—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
    • B60T7/042—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/18—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of braking systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18109—Braking
    • B60W30/18127—Regenerative braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D61/00—Brakes with means for making the energy absorbed available for use
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/18—Braking system
    • B60W2510/182—Brake pressure, e.g. of fluid or between pad and disc

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有混合动力驱动的机动车辆，其包括可以由电动机器驱动的至少一个车轮，其中提供了一个恢复装置，该恢复装置准许在制动过程中在恢复阶段恢复能量，其中一个制动系统配备有一个踏板、至少一个主制动缸以及至少一个车轮制动器，该至少一个车轮制动器基于该踏板的移动借助于制动压力来流体性地激活该车轮制动器，其中提供了在该恢复阶段减小制动压力的一个减压阀装置，并且其中提供了用于补偿该减压阀装置的液压效果的一个补偿器，其中在该减压阀装置的有效范围内提供了两个主制动缸，这两个主制动缸的活塞是经由连接元件而彼此刚性地联接的。

Description

具有混合动力驱动的机动车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及具有混合动力驱动的机动车辆，该机动车辆包括可以由电动机器驱动的至少一个车轮，其中提供了一个恢复装置，该恢复装置准许在制动过程中在恢复阶段恢复能量，其中制动系统配备有一个踏板、至少一个主制动缸以及至少一个车轮制动器，该至少一个车轮制动器基于该踏板的移动借助于制动压力来流体性地激活该车轮制动器，其中提供了在该恢复阶段中减小制动压力的一个减压阀装置，并且其中提供了用于补偿该减压阀装置的液压效果的一个补偿器。
背景技术
DE102010008018A1披露了这样的机动车辆。在此背景下，前车桥是由电动机器驱动的并且后车桥是由内燃发动机驱动的。在本发明中，也假定了机动车辆的这个实施例，但是不限于这样的驱动系统。在制动过程的情况下，作用在前车桥上的电动机器还可以被用作发电机，其结果是制动能量被转化成电能并且液压制动系统被卸除了负荷。在此背景下已知的是提供一个减压阀装置以便能够在该恢复阶段期间调节该液压制动系统。在此已经证明不利的是，驾驶员通过制动踏板的反作用而体验到这个调节过程是破坏性的。为了避免这个缺点，DE102010008018A1披露了使用用于抵消该减压阀装置的液压效果的一种所谓的补偿器。然而，这个已知的解决方案具有的缺点是，它仅可以应用于具有平衡梁系统的制动系统并且由于纯液压操作方法，仍会出现减压阀装置的效果减速(虽然最小)。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是使得能够获得一种机动车辆，这种机动车辆具有混合动力驱动并且以有成本效益且简单的方式避免上述缺点。
这个目的是借助于以下事实而实现的：在该减压阀装置的有效范围内提供两个主制动缸，其活塞经由一个连接元件彼此刚性地联接。以此方式，容易地且直接确保了，这些主制动缸的活塞在用于前车桥的情况下在该恢复阶段仍维持在被致动的位置中。
在第一实施例中，提供了一个平衡梁，该平衡梁操作性地连接至踏板上并且在各自情况下邻接一个主制动缸。这个实施例尤其适用于运动型汽车。在尤其对道路批准的乘用车有利的第二实施例中，提供一个串联式主缸(Tandemgeberzylinder)作为第一主制动缸。
该第一主制动缸被有利地实施为一个补偿器并且被流体性地连接至一个均衡室上。该均衡室可以具有一个弹簧元件，由于其构型，制动液压系统的体积刚度与该均衡室的体积刚度相同。
该减压阀装置可以有利地包括一个液压致动器和一个平衡缸，该平衡缸包括一个平衡活塞，该平衡活塞被可移位地安排以便接纳液压体积并提供两个液压室，其中第一液压室是流体地连接至该第一主制动缸并且第二液压室流体地连接至该第二主制动缸。该液压致动器有利地经由3位4通伺服阀流体地连接至一个分开的液压单元上。替代地还可能的是，该液压致动器能够通过一个中央液压单元被致动。
附图说明
将通过参照附图更详细地解释本发明，在附图中：
图1示出了具有制动系统第一实施例的机动车辆的液压回路图，并且
图2示出了具有制动系统第二实施例的机动车辆的液压回路图。
具体实施方式
图1以液压回路图的形式示出了机动车辆2。在前车桥上提供了两个前车轮4、6(未进一步展示)。在后车桥上对应地安排了后车轮8、10(未进一步展示)。该机动车辆2也可以被称为混合动力车辆并且具有一个电动机器(未进一步展示)，该电动机器操作性地连接至前车桥上并且具有一个内燃发动机(未进一步展示)，该内燃发动机操作性地连接至后轮轴(Hinterradachse)上。应清楚的是，存在大量的所谓混合动力驱动，这些都落入本发明的保护范围内。
在此背景下，一方面在前车桥的车轮4、6被该电动机器驱动时该电动机器发挥电动机的作用。此外，在电动机器充当发电机的恢复阶段中，所述电动机器可以在该机动车辆的制动过程中将所产生的两个量的制动能量转化为电能。在机动车辆2的制动过程中的能量回收也被称为恢复。在制动过程中回收的能量可以被储存在蓄电池或电容器中。
除了起到制动作用的恢复之外，机动车辆2包括一个液压制动系统12。在此背景下，提供了在所谓的平衡梁16上起作用的一个踏板14。这个平衡梁16用于设定前车桥与后车桥之间并且因此前车轮4与6或后车轮8与10之间的制动压力分布。关于对前车轮4、6的制动压力分布，平衡梁16邻接第一主制动缸和第二主制动缸18、20(该第一主制动缸和第二主制动缸带有相应的活塞19、21)，其中第二主制动缸20流体性地连接至被安排在前车轮4、6上的车轮制动器22、24上。平衡梁16的相反侧邻接第三主制动缸26，该第三主制动缸以已知的方式流体性地连接至后车轮8、10的车轮制动器28、30上。作用在前车轮4、6上的制动压力和作用在后车轮8、10上的制动压力是以已知的方式借助于传感器32、34来监测的。
如已经描述的，该电动机器操作性地连接至机动车辆2的前车桥上并且在恢复阶段充当发电机来在制动过程中将所产生的制动能量转化为电能。接着为了在恢复阶段减小制动系统12的制动压力，提供了一个减压阀装置36，以用于以对应的方式减小在前车轮4、6的车轮制动器22、24处存在的制动压力。减压阀装置36在本示例性实施例中由供应该压力的一个分开的液压单元38构成。液压单元38经由3位4通伺服阀40连接至一个液压致动器42上。制动压力可以借助于这个液压致动器42来增大或减小，其结果是在该恢复阶段中制动压力可以在减压阀装置36的有效区域中(在这种情况下为前车桥)进行适配。为此目的，致动器42作用在包括平衡活塞46的一个平衡缸44上，该平衡活塞被可移位地安排，其方式为使得可以在两个液压室48、50中获得液压体积。第一液压室48在此流体性地连接至第一主制动缸18上并且第二液压室50流体性地连接至第二主制动缸20上。此外第一主制动缸18流体性地连接至均衡室52上，其中均衡室52具有一个弹簧元件54以便确保，制动液压系统在前车桥区域中的体积刚度与均衡室52的体积刚度相同。以此方式，第一主制动缸18充当一个补偿器，该补偿器避免了在使用减压阀装置36时该制动踏板14经历的作为破坏性的移动。为此目的，第一主制动缸18的活塞19经由刚性连接杆55直接连接至第二主制动缸20的活塞21上。
下文中制动系统12的描述局限于对减压阀装置的有效区域(也就是前车桥)的解释。只要该电动机器的恢复没有发生，制动系统12就充当常规的制动系统，其中制动过程是经由踏板14触发的并且制动压力经由平衡梁16和第一主制动缸18被传递至第二制动压力缸20，所述制动压力缸20以已知的方式流体性地连接至车轮制动器22、24上。车轮制动器28、30流体性地连接至第三主制动缸26上。
如果接着启动恢复阶段，则这必然造成前车桥区域中的制动压力的减小。在此背景下，平衡活塞46通过液压致动器42向右移，这将引起第一液压室50中并且因此还有车轮致动器22、24处的压力下降。回过来，在第一液压室48中发生压力增大，该压力被传递至均衡室52并且被弹簧元件54吸收，其结果是体积刚度并且因此主制动缸18、20的活塞19、21的位置保持相同。这样避免了破坏性的反作用效果。
图2示出了如通常用于道路批准的乘用车中的制动系统12第二实施例的液压回路图。代替平衡梁16(在这方面参见图1)，在此使用了操作性地连接至第一主制动缸18‘上的一个单杠杆安排17。第一主制动缸18‘在此被实施为一个串联式主缸，该串联式主缸具有形成两个液压室60、62的两个活塞56、58。在此背景下，液压室60流体性地被指派给后轮轴的车轮制动器28、30。液压室62是与图1中的第一主制动缸18的液压室可比较的并且在此与第二主制动缸21一起对作用在车轮制动器22、24上的制动压力负责。因此，第一主制动缸18‘的液压空间62也被认为是补偿器的作用。第二活塞58同样经由连接元件55刚性地联接至第二主制动缸的活塞21上。
在恢复阶段发生制动压力的减小，如图1所描述的。

Claims (8)

1.一种具有混合动力驱动的机动车辆，该机动车辆包括能被电动机器驱动的至少一个车轮(4，6，8，10)，其中提供了一个恢复装置，该恢复装置准许在制动过程中在恢复阶段恢复能量，其中一个制动系统(12)配备有一个踏板(14)、至少一个主制动缸(18，20，26)以及至少一个车轮制动器(22，24，28，30)，该至少一个车轮制动器基于该踏板(14)的移动借助于制动压力来流体性地激活该车轮制动器(22，24，28，30)，其中提供了在该恢复阶段减小制动压力的一个减压阀装置(36)，并且其中提供了用于补偿该减压阀装置(36)的液压效果的一个补偿器(18)，其特征在于，在该减压阀装置(36)的有效范围内提供了两个主制动缸(18，18‘；20)，这两个主制动缸的活塞(19，21；58，21)是经由连接元件(55)彼此刚性地联接的。
2.如权利要求1所述的机动车辆，其特征在于，提供了一个平衡梁(16)，该平衡梁操作性地连接至该踏板上(14)并且在各自情况下邻接一个主制动缸(18，26)。
3.如权利要求1所述的机动车辆，其特征在于，提供了一个串联式主缸作为第一主制动缸(18’)。
4.如权利要求1至3之一所述的机动车辆，其特征在于，该第一主制动缸(18；18’)被实施为一个补偿器并且流体地连接至一个均衡室(52)上。
5.如权利要求4所述的机动车辆，其特征在于，该均衡室(52)具有一个弹簧元件(54)。
6.如权利要求1至5之一所述的机动车辆，其特征在于，该减压阀装置(36)包括一个液压致动器(42)和一个平衡缸(44)，该平衡缸包括一个平衡活塞(46)，该平衡活塞被可移位地安排以便接纳液压体积并且提供两个液压室(48，50)，其中第一液压室(48)流体性地连接至该第一主制动缸(18；18’)上并且第二液压室(50)流体性地连接至该第二主制动缸(20)上。
7.如权利要求6所述的机动车辆，其特征在于，该液压致动器(42)经由一个3位4通伺服阀(40)而流体性地连接至一个分开的液压单元(38)上。
8.如权利要求6所述的机动车辆，其特征在于，该液压致动器(42)能够通过一个中央液压单元被致动。
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