CN105275636B - 用于求出内燃机运行时氮氧化物排放量的方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
- F02D41/1461—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine
- F02D41/1462—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine with determination means using an estimation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/025—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining temperatures inside the cylinder, e.g. combustion temperatures
- F02D35/026—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining temperatures inside the cylinder, e.g. combustion temperatures using an estimation
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- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/0065—Specific aspects of external EGR control
- F02D2041/0067—Determining the EGR temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
- F02D2200/0414—Air temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0611—Fuel type, fuel composition or fuel quality
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0614—Actual fuel mass or fuel injection amount
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/0065—Specific aspects of external EGR control
- F02D41/0072—Estimating, calculating or determining the EGR rate, amount or flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
- F02D41/1456—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio with sensor output signal being linear or quasi-linear with the concentration of oxygen
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于求出内燃机(2)运行时的氮氧化物排放量的方法。根据燃烧室(10)内的燃烧温度以及根据燃烧后的氧含量求出氮氧化物排放连。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于求出内燃机运行时氮氧化物排放量的方法。
背景技术
已知若干设计用于确定氮值的方法。
DE 10 2011 075 875 A1涉及一种用于计算内燃机的未处理的NOx排放量的方法。为此使用内燃机的运行参数。校正功能考虑到了增压压力。
由DE 10 2010 041 907 A1已知一种用于运行内燃机的方法,在该方法中,借助NOx模型来求出建模的NOx值。尤其考虑到了喷射系统的构件公差和空气系统的构件公差。为氮氧化物排放量求出的值例如用于校正燃料喷射量和/或尿素喷射量,以便改善催化剂的功能以及因此最终总体上减少氮氧化物。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题通过一种按按照本发明所述的方法解决。通过根据在燃烧室内的燃烧温度以及根据燃烧后的氧含量求出氮氧化物排放量,可以有利地也在内燃机的瞬间的运行范围内可靠地求出氮氧化物排放量。瞬间的运行范围例如指的是负荷下降或负荷增长,它们随相比之前的燃烧冲程所配量的燃料质量的增长或所配量的燃料质量的减小而来。有利的是,用所建议的方法可以达到相比NOx传感器的值有所提高的精度以及因此可以更佳地监控或甚至替换NOx传感器。取消NOx传感器时会有利地节省传感器的费用以及因此切断了可能的错误源头。
在一种有利的实施形式中,根据三个事先确定的参数求出氮氧化物排放量,这简化了计算消耗。
在一种有利的实施形式中,专门通过在发动机出口区域内借助氮氧化物传感器测得的氮氧化物排放量来求出内燃机的三个事先被确定的参数以及将它们储存。因此在应用期间确定了一套参数,一种类型的所有内燃机都配备有这套参数。
在一种有利的实施形式中,所测得的氮氧化物排放量被低通过滤。根据至少一个在内燃机的静止的状态下求出的经低通过滤的氮氧化物排放量来求出事先确定的参数。静止的状态包括内燃机的基本上保持不变的转速。所测得的氮氧化物排放量的低通过滤被用于考虑到废气流穿过从发动机出口直至氮氧化物传感器的路段的宣传。因此在内燃机的运行参数动态变化时,在此设定的模型的和NOx传感器的两个NOx参数的变得可能有可比性。内燃机的运行状态的动态的变化例如包括内燃机的转速的变化。低通过滤尤其有利于三个参数的确定,因为避免了或强烈减少了值的偏差。
本发明的其它的特征、应用可能性和优势由接下来对本发明的附图所示的实施例的说明得出。在此,所有已说明的或示出的特征本身或任意组合形成了本发明的主题,与它们在权利要求中的摘要或它们的回引无关以及与它们在说明书或附图中的措辞或描绘无关。
附图说明
唯一的附图示出了带有进气系统、排气系统和废气再循环系统的内燃机。
具体实施方式
唯一的附图示出了带有进气系统4、排气系统6和废气再循环系统8的内燃机2。此外还示出了燃烧室10。此外示出了区域12至20。所示的内燃机2按汽油机燃烧方法、柴油机燃烧方法或其它的燃烧方法伴随将燃料经由喷射器22直接喷入燃烧室10而工作。在汽油发动机中,用火花塞24完成对由空气和喷入的燃料构成的燃烧室填充物的火花点火。若内燃机2是柴油发动机,那么可以取消火花塞24。
每一个燃烧室10都被活塞26活动式密封以及通过进气系统4用空气填充。燃烧室10的经燃烧的填充物被射出进入排气系统6。燃烧室填充物的转变由换气阀28和30控制。废气再循环系统8在废气回收阀32被打开时被这样运行,使得废气被引回到燃烧室10中,以便减小内燃机10的未处理的氮氧化物排放。进气系统4从新鲜空气侧起将来自分区12的气体输送到分区16中以及最终输送给燃烧室10。废气再循环系统8在分区12和分区16之间返回通到进气系统4。分区16也被称为进气管。
排气系统6具有一个NOx传感器34,它将它的信号输送给控制器36。随方法的实施方案的不同可以取消NOx传感器34。此外,排气系统在区域18内或区域18前具有一个λ传感器38,它处在到废气再循环系统的分支之前。用传感器40检测曲轴的转动位置。此外,还可以在内燃机2的其它区域中布置未被示出的另外的温度传感器或其它的传感器。控制器36被这样构造,使得可以实施在此未示出的若干方法。控制器36为此尤其配设有一个数字的计算设备,该计算设备上可以实施一个计算机程序。
用传感器38可以例如求出燃烧后还在废气中存在的氧含量。但取代传感器38的是也能在燃烧室10布置一个传感器,用其可以求出燃烧后的氧含量。在另一个实施形式中,根据其它已经在控制器中存在的参数求出燃烧后的氧含量。
优选基于接下来说明的方程式13来计算燃烧期间燃烧室10内的燃烧温度。在一种有利的形式中,根据预定的参数求出未处理的NOx排放量,这简化了计算消耗。
存在两种可行方案来选择湿度。在第一种可行方案中提供一个传感器以用于测量湿度,以及传感器值可以被用来改善现有模型的结果的精度。在第二种可行方案中,没有传感器可供用于选择湿度以及在所说明的时间间隔内使用一个固定的值。
因此针对燃烧前在燃烧室10内的质量组成得出了一种按方程式5的相互联系。
燃烧后的质量组成相比燃烧前燃烧室10内的质量组成的变化,表示了按方程式(6)的质量组成,其中,表示燃烧前的氧气质量,其中,是在区域12中的氧气的份额,其中,用于柴油内燃机以及用于汽油内燃机,其中,是燃烧前的燃料质量,其中,是氮氧化物的摩尔质量,其中,是在燃烧冲程k中的材料量,以及其中,质量组成的指数“C”代表“combustion”,亦即燃烧。,其中,表示针对完全燃烧的最小的极限。对汽油来说。对柴油内燃机来说可以求出的值,这个值改善了模型的精度。
Claims (9)
6.按权利要求1所述的方法,其中,在内燃发动机类型特定的情况下通过在发动机出口(20)的区域中的氮氧化物传感器(34)的所测得的氮氧化物排放量求出并存储三个事先确定的参数a1、a2、a3。
7.按权利要求1所述的方法,其中,在内燃发动机(2)的基本上静止的状态中求出事先确定的参数a1、a2、a3。
8.用于运行内燃发动机(2)的控制器(36),该控制器配设有数字的计算设备,在该计算设备上能运行计算机程序,所述计算机程序实施按前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法。
9.按权利要求8所述的控制器(36),其中,所述数字的计算设备是微处理器。
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DE102014210841.1 | 2014-06-06 | ||
DE102014210841.1A DE102014210841A1 (de) | 2014-06-06 | 2014-06-06 | Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Stickoxid-Emission beim Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine |
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US5219227A (en) * | 1990-08-13 | 1993-06-15 | Barrack Technology Limited | Method and apparatus for determining burned gas temperature, trapped mass and NOx emissions in an internal combustion engine |
JPH06108903A (ja) * | 1992-09-28 | 1994-04-19 | Unisia Jecs Corp | 内燃機関の燃焼制御装置 |
US6405122B1 (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 2002-06-11 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for estimating data for engine control |
US6810659B1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2004-11-02 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method for determining emission control system operability |
US6422003B1 (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2002-07-23 | General Motors Corporation | NOX catalyst exhaust feedstream control system |
JP2002195071A (ja) * | 2000-12-25 | 2002-07-10 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 内燃機関制御装置 |
US6490860B1 (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2002-12-10 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Open-loop method and system for controlling the storage and release cycles of an emission control device |
DE10148663A1 (de) * | 2001-10-02 | 2003-04-10 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Abgasreinigungsanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine |
US6697729B2 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2004-02-24 | Cummins, Inc. | System for estimating NOx content of exhaust gas produced by an internal combustion engine |
US6882929B2 (en) * | 2002-05-15 | 2005-04-19 | Caterpillar Inc | NOx emission-control system using a virtual sensor |
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JP3861869B2 (ja) * | 2003-11-06 | 2006-12-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関のNOx発生量推定方法 |
FR2878569B1 (fr) * | 2004-11-26 | 2007-03-02 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Dispositif et procede de determination de la quantite de nox emise par un moteur diesel de vehicule automobile et systemes de diagnostic et de controle de fonctionnement du moteur comprenant un tel dispositif |
US7676318B2 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2010-03-09 | Detroit Diesel Corporation | Real-time, table-based estimation of diesel engine emissions |
JP4830912B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-05 | 2011-12-07 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
JP2009264176A (ja) * | 2008-04-23 | 2009-11-12 | Yanmar Co Ltd | ガスエンジン制御装置 |
DE102009055058B4 (de) * | 2009-12-21 | 2024-03-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Steuergerät zur Berechnung der NOx-Rohemissionen eines Verbrennungsmotors |
US8453431B2 (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2013-06-04 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Engine-out NOx virtual sensor for an internal combustion engine |
DE102010041907B4 (de) | 2010-10-04 | 2022-12-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102011075875B4 (de) | 2011-05-16 | 2024-02-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Steuergerät zur Berechnung der NOx-Rohemissionen einer Brennkraftmaschine |
EP2574763A1 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-03 | Volvo Car Corporation | NOx emission estimation method and arrangement |
FR2982824B1 (fr) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-11-22 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de commande en regime transitoire d'un systeme de propulsion hybride d'un vehicule |
KR101317410B1 (ko) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-10-10 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | 녹스 발생량 예측 방법 |
WO2013130744A1 (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-06 | Wayne State University | Using ion current signal for engine performance and emissions measuring techniques and methods for doing the same |
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DE102014210841A1 (de) | 2015-12-17 |
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CN105275636A (zh) | 2016-01-27 |
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