CN105269137A - Intermediate frequency spot welding method for aluminum alloy and zinc-plated high-strength steel dissimilar material - Google Patents
Intermediate frequency spot welding method for aluminum alloy and zinc-plated high-strength steel dissimilar material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105269137A CN105269137A CN201410356043.3A CN201410356043A CN105269137A CN 105269137 A CN105269137 A CN 105269137A CN 201410356043 A CN201410356043 A CN 201410356043A CN 105269137 A CN105269137 A CN 105269137A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intermediate frequency spot welding method for an aluminum alloy and zinc-plated high-strength steel dissimilar material and belongs to the technical field of metal material welding. According to the intermediate frequency spot welding method, spot-welding electrodes are adopted for welding aluminum alloy and zinc-plated high-strength steel. The side of the aluminum alloy is provided with the radius tip electrode with the diameter of 30-100 mm, and the side of the zinc-plated high-strength steel is the flat electrode with the diameter of 8-15 mm. According to the intermediate frequency spot welding method, generation of splashing can be reduced in the spot welding process, and adhesion of a workpiece and the electrodes and an alloying reaction are prevented. Meanwhile, the size of a spot-welding nugget on the side of the aluminum alloy is increased, the growth behavior of an intermetallic compound on the interface of the aluminum alloy/zinc-plated high-strength steel is controlled, and generation of fragile FexAly intermetallic compound is reduced. The performance of an aluminum alloy and zinc-plated high-strength steel dissimilar material intermediate frequency spot-welded connector obtained through optimization of the technological parameters of resistance spot welding is significantly improved, and the tensile shearing force of the spot-welded connector can be as high as 5400 N. The thickness of the intermetallic compound on the interface of the aluminum alloy/zinc-plated high-strength steel is controlled to be below 5.0 [mu]m.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Metal Material Welding technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method of aluminium alloy and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency.
Background technology
Under the urgent situation of resource scarcity and environmental pollution, automotive light weight technology is one of auto industry field countermeasure realizing energy-saving and emission-reduction.The approach of automobile lightweight mainly comprises the use of lightweighting materials, the optimal design of vehicle structure, the application of advanced manufacturing technology.The usage ratio increasing the light material such as aluminium alloy and high-strength steel in body of a motor car is the most direct effective method of automobile lightweight.Steel/aluminium composite body the frame structure adding aluminium alloy part in high-strength steel structure vehicle body is that current auto industry field realizes light-weighted main design thought and technological approaches.Therefore, aluminium alloy is the problem needing solution in automobile manufacturing process badly with the connection (welding) of high-strength steel foreign material.
In auto industry, the method for attachment of aluminium and steel still adopts traditional mechanical connection manner, as gluedd joint, riveting (comprising self-pierce riveting), bolt connection etc.Not only complex process, efficiency are low in these methods of attachment, surface quality unsightly, and the performance such as mechanical connecting joint fails to be formed firmly metallurgical binding, its corrosion and fatigue is often lower than homogeneous material welding point, is difficult to realize high-quality and efficient connection.
Due to the thermophysical property between aluminium and steel foreign material as fusing point, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity factor, resistivity and linear expansion coefficient etc. exist larger difference, and the solid solubility of Fe in Al is low, causes the weldability between aluminium and steel foreign material poor.According to conventional fused weldering as TIG arc welding, MIG/MAG arc welding, CO
2gas shielded arc weldings etc., electric resistance welding such as industrial frequency AC spot welding etc., easily produce the firmly crisp defect such as intermetallic compound, shrinkage cavity, crackle in joint, and the severe exacerbation performance of welding point, is difficult to reach usage requirement.Therefore, further investigation aluminium alloy and high-strength steel welding dissimilar materials feature, the solder technology of exploitation practicality and high efficiency becomes one of the key issue and technological difficulties of aluminium alloy and high-strength steel scale application in automobile industry.
At present, Chinese scholars and engineers and technicians attempt adopting Solid-State Welding, electric arc molten-soldering, laser melts-method such as soldering and friction stir welding realizes welding of aluminium and steel foreign material, concrete grammar and feature as follows:
(1) Solid-State Welding
Solid-State Welding method is when such as explosive welding (EW), magnetic field impulse weldering, supersonic welding, friction welding (FW) etc. are for aluminium and steel welding dissimilar materials, mainly utilize additional high-intensity magnetic field power (magnetic field impulse weldering), static pressure (supersonic welding), frictional force (friction welding (FW)) etc. that mechanical oscillation cause bring out aluminium to be welded and steel foreign material workpiece produces high speed plastic stream at contact surface place and becomes, extrude the oxide-film on contact surface, bring rising sharply of temperature to facilitate interfacial reaction behavior simultaneously, thus realize the metallurgical binding of aluminium and steel foreign material.The input of solid phase welding heat is lower, can effectively reduce the thickness of compound layer between aluminium and steel interface metal, improves the mechanical property of welding point.But the shape of welder's part or structure often treated by Solid-State Welding welding equipment and dimensional requirement is higher, is difficult to the demand meeting auto industry mass production.
(2) molten-soldering
Molten-soldering adopts TIG electric arc, MIG electric arc or laser as thermal source, doses the method that aluminium base or zinc-base welding wire welds with steel foreign material workpiece aluminium.For suppressing the growth of intermetallic compound in welding point, reducing the defect such as shrinkage cavity and crackle, needing that strict to control welding procedure non-fusible to ensure steel mother metal, aluminum mother plate and wire melting also spread over the surface of steel, thus are formed and melt-soldered fitting.Molten-soldering is still in the laboratory research stage at present, and molten-soldered fitting is easily in aluminium/steel interface fracture, limits the lifting of welding quality.
(3) friction stir welding
Friction stir welding as thermal source, forms the method that strong metallurgical is combined by mixing needle High Rotation Speed and stirring-head shoulder and aluminium to be welded and steel workpiece frictional heat at aluminium and steel interface.Because the input of agitating friction welding heat is less, the intermetallic compound growth at aluminium/steel interface is suppressed, and improves welding quality to a certain extent.But aluminium and steel friction stir welding are still in research and probe, and cost is higher, is not yet applied in automobile manufacturing field.
One of the widest welding method is used as in automobile manufacturing process, if realize aluminium alloy and the high-quality and efficient connection of high-strength steel by resistance spot welding method, by significant increase aluminium alloy and high-strength steel use amount in the car, thus to provide the necessary technical basis for automobile lightweight.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of aluminium alloy and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency, the method implementation is simple, can weld aluminium alloys for automobile with zinc coated high strength steel foreign material.The method can avoid the generation of splash in welding process, also effectively can control the growth behavior of compound between aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel interface metal simultaneously, reduces fragility Fe
xal
ythe generation of intermetallic compound, promotes aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint performance.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A method for aluminium alloy and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency, the method adopts spot-wedling electrode to aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel welding, thus obtain the intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint of aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel foreign material.Described spot-wedling electrode has the special end face pattern through optimizing, and aluminum alloy side is the radius tip electrode of diameter 30-100mm, and zinc coated high strength steel side is the flat electrode of diameter 8-15mm.Described aluminium alloy is 6000 line aluminium alloy plates, and described zinc coated high strength steel is galvanizing high-strength IF steel plate.Described spot-wedling electrode material is CuCr alloy.Described radius tip electrode and flat electrode surface roughness Ra value should lower than 0.8 μm.
By adopting the spot-wedling electrode with the special end face pattern of optimization with the electric current distribution state in aluminium alloy described in accurate adjustment and described high-strength steel faying face, described electrode and described aluminium alloy contact surface, described electrode and described zinc coated high strength steel contact surface, described aluminium alloy plate and described high strength steel plate, thus reduce the generation of the splash in intermediate frequency resistance spot welding process, prevent adhesion and the alloying reaction of workpiece and electrode; Also can improve the size of described aluminum alloy side nugget simultaneously, effectively control the growth behavior of compound between described aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel interface metal, reduce fragility Fe
xal
ythe generation of intermetallic compound.
Described intermediate frequency pinpoint welding procedure is: described aluminum alloy surface through mechanical grinding to remove fine and close Al
2o
3oxide-film, described zinc coated high strength steel surface is cleaned through acetone with wipe oil; The spot-wedling electrode of the special end face pattern of described optimization is installed on the soldering turret of intermediate frequency D.C. resistance spot-welding equipment respectively, and wherein, described flat electrode is placed in the stiff end of soldering turret, and described radius tip electrode is placed in the tache motorice of soldering turret; Described 6000 line aluminium alloy plates and described galvanizing high-strength IF steel plate being overlapped is positioned on described flat electrode, and described flat electrode is positioned at overlapping regions center, described galvanizing high-strength IF steel plate surface; Carry out welding according to the intermediate frequency spot welding parameter of setting, obtain aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint.
The primary voltage of described intermediate frequency D.C. resistance spot-welding equipment is 380V, and primary frequency is 50Hz, and secondary frequencies is 1kHz, and secondary short circuited electric current is 30kA to the maximum, and electrode pressure is 9kN to the maximum.The technological parameter of described intermediate frequency spot welding optimization is: spot welding current is 10-26kA, and weld interval is 0.05-0.4s, and electrode pressure is 1.0-5.0kN, and squeeze time is 0.2-0.4s, holds time as 0.3-0.4s.
Spot welding splash is there is not in described intermediate frequency spot welding, after adopting the technological parameter welding optimized, there is not adhesion and the alloying reaction of workpiece and electrode in described aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint surface, in tack-weld, the size of aluminum alloy side nugget is 10.1mm to the maximum; Between described aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel interface metal, Compound Phase consists of Fe
2al
5and Fe
4al
13, thickness is less than 4.0 μm; The aluminum alloy side surface indentation degree of depth is 17% of aluminium alloy thickness of slab, and the shearing that draws of tack-weld reaches as high as 5400N.
Aluminium alloy and the failure mode of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint in tensile shear testing process are that button ruptures, and crackle, along the expansion of tack-weld periphery aluminium alloy mother metal place, does not occur faying face fracture mode.
The inventive method is mainly used in welding of automobile 6000 line aluminium alloy plates and automobile panel galvanizing high-strength IF steel plate.
The present invention has following advantage with existing aluminium alloy compared with the method for high-strength steel foreign material resistance spot welding:
1. way of realization is simple, and cost is lower, convenient operation, easy large-scale production application.This welding equipment selected by intermediate-frequeney point soldering method is intermediate frequency D.C. resistance mash welder, and supporting soldering turret is suspension type, and electrode adopts CuCr alloy material.Utilize centre numerically controlled lathe or Special electric polar cap trimming device can process end surface shape through optimizing and the electrode of size, and electrode end surface is easy to finishing in batch pinpoint welding procedure, contributes to the lifting of production efficiency.
2. compared with traditional industrial frequency AC spot welding, aluminium alloy of the present invention and the resistance spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency have welding current export precise and stable, power factor is high, symmetrical network load, to net press impact less, save the features such as electric energy, therefore stable technical process is high, inhibit the generation of spot welding splash, reduce the alloying reaction of electrode and workpiece, reduce the scaling loss of electrode, and improve the surface quality of spot welding.
3. by adopting the electrode of the end face shape optimized, effectively can adjust the electric current distribution state in aluminium alloy and high-strength steel faying face, electrode and aluminium alloy contact surface, electrode and zinc coated high strength steel contact surface, aluminium alloy plate and high strength steel plate, thus reduce the generation of the splash in intermediate frequency resistance spot welding process, prevent adhesion and the alloying reaction of workpiece and electrode, reduce aluminum alloy side pad surface depth of cup; Also can improve the size of aluminum alloy side nugget simultaneously, effectively control the growth behavior of compound between aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel interface metal, reduce fragility Fe
xal
ythe generation of intermetallic compound.On this basis, the generation of spot defects can be suppressed further by the optimization of spot welding parameter, improve the intensity of tack-weld.Therefore, the aluminium alloy that obtains of the present invention and zinc coated high strength steel tack-weld quality are better than the tack-weld that adopts traditional F type electrode resistance spot welding to obtain.
4. neither need in welding process of the present invention additionally to add battery lead plate to prevent the adhesion of electrode and workpiece, the spot welding of aluminium/ladle cladding plate as intermediate layer auxiliary aluminum alloy and zinc coated high strength steel need not be dosed again to reduce the thickness of compound layer between aluminium/steel interface metal, therefore the present invention report with these correlative studys compared with have that technique is simple, production efficiency is high, cost is low and tack-weld quality advantages of higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency spot welding process schematic; Wherein: figure (b) is the top view of workpiece bridging arrangement in figure (a).
In figure: 1-zinc coated high strength steel plate; 2-aluminium alloy plate; 3-aluminium alloy nugget; 4-aluminum alloy side radius tip electrode; 5-zinc coated high strength steel side flat electrode; 6-overlapping regions.
Fig. 2 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint shaping surface photo; Wherein: (a) aluminum alloy side; (b) zinc coated high strength steel side.
Fig. 3 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint cross section macrograph.
The stereoscan photograph of compound between Al/Fe interface metal in the middle part of Fig. 4 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint.
Al/Fe interface zone zone X ray detecting diffraction analysis results in the middle part of Fig. 5 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint.
The stress strain curve of Fig. 6 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint.
The post-rift pattern of button of Fig. 7 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint.
Fig. 8 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint shaping surface photo; Wherein: (a) aluminum alloy side; (b) zinc coated high strength steel side.
Fig. 9 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint cross section macrograph.
The stereoscan photograph of compound between Al/Fe interface metal in the middle part of Figure 10 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint.
Figure 11 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint shaping surface photo; Wherein: (a) aluminum alloy side; (b) zinc coated high strength steel side.
Figure 12 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint cross section macrograph.
Figure 13 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material traditional F type electrode intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint shaping surface photo; Wherein: (a) aluminum alloy side; (b) zinc coated high strength steel side.
Figure 14 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material traditional F type electrode intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint cross section macrograph.
The stereoscan photograph of compound between Al/Fe interface metal in the middle part of Figure 15 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material traditional F type electrode intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint.
Al/Fe interface zone zone X ray detecting diffraction analysis results in the middle part of Figure 16 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material traditional F type electrode intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint.
The post-rift pattern of faying face of Figure 17 aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material traditional F type electrode intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention adopts the spot-wedling electrode of the special end face pattern through optimizing to carry out intermediate frequency spot welding, thus obtains the high-quality intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint of aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel foreign material.Described aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency pinpoint welding procedure are as shown in Figure 1.Specific embodiment of the invention process is as follows:
First zinc coated high strength steel plate 1 surface to be welded is cleaned through acetone with wipe oil, then air-dry; Then utilize the mode of mechanical grinding (adopt No. 800 SiC sand paper hand-ground or utilize and polish with the sander of emery wheel grinding-head) to remove the Al of aluminium alloy plate 2 surface compact to be welded
2o
3oxide-film.Electrode material selects CuCr alloy, numerically controlled lathe or Special electric polar cap finishing machine is utilized to process the end surface shape of optimization and the electrode of size, the i.e. flat electrode 5 of diameter D2 to be the radius tip electrode 4 of 30-100mm and diameter D1 be 8-15mm, the roughness Ra value of electrode end surface should lower than 0.8 μm.Intermediate frequency D.C. resistance spot-welding equipment selected by welding equipment, and its technical indicator is as follows: primary voltage is 380V, and primary frequency is 50Hz, and secondary frequencies is 1kHz, and secondary short circuited electric current is 30kA to the maximum, and electrode pressure is 9kN to the maximum.Radius tip electrode 4 and flat electrode 5 are mounted on the soldering turret of intermediate frequency D.C. resistance spot-welding equipment, wherein, flat electrode is placed in the stiff end of soldering turret, and radius tip electrode is placed in the tache motorice of soldering turret, the stationarity of bridging arrangement when this arrangement can ensure workpiece to be welded and electrode effect.Zinc coated high strength steel plate 1 and aluminium alloy plate 2 being overlapped is positioned on flat electrode, and flat electrode 5 is positioned at the center of the surperficial overlapping regions 6 of described zinc coated high strength steel plate 1.According to the technological parameter that set intermediate frequency spot welding is optimized, (spot welding current is 10-26kA, weld interval is 0.05-0.4s, electrode pressure is 1.0-5.0kN, squeeze time is 0.2-0.4s, holds time as 0.3-0.4s) on the human-computer interaction interface of intermediate-frequeney point soldering equipment, carry out corresponding programming.Carry out intermediate frequency spot welding to zinc coated high strength steel plate 1 and aluminium alloy plate 2 lap joint, welding process parameter is controlled automatically by the programmed instruction finished in advance, namely successively through precompressed, welding, maintenance three phases.In welding process, the aluminum alloy melting of zinc coated high strength steel plate 1/ aluminium alloy plate 2 interface forms nugget 3, and zinc coated high strength steel side is melted; The aluminium alloy of melting is sprawled fast on zinc coated high strength steel surface and wetting, forms metallurgical binding, finally obtain zinc coated high strength steel plate 1 and aluminium alloy plate 2 foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint under the effect of atom counterdiffusion and interfacial reaction.
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment and comparative example.
Embodiment 1
The chemical composition of zinc coated high strength steel plate to be welded is (wt.%): C0.01%, Si0.09%, Mn0.51%, S0.01%, P0.05%, Nb0.02%, Ti0.01%, Fe surplus; Zincincation adopts Double-side hot zinc-plated, and galvanized layer thickness is 8 μm; Main phase structure is α-Fe, and yield strength is 260MPa, and tensile strength is 410MPa, and percentage elongation is 32%; Zinc coated high strength steel plate utilizes linear cutter to become 100mm × 25mm × 1mm.The chemical composition of aluminium alloy plate to be welded is (wt.%): Mg0.45%, Si0.56%, Cu0.15%, Mn0.45%, Zn0.01%, Fe0.19%, V0.08%, Ti0.02%, Al surplus; Initial supply of material state is T6 state; Main phase structure is α-Al, and yield strength is 270MPa, and tensile strength is 310MPa, and percentage elongation is 15%; Aluminium alloy plate utilizes linear cutter to become 100mm × 25mm × 1.5mm.Intermediate-frequeney point soldering method of the present invention is adopted to weld, wherein, spot-wedling electrode material is CuCr alloy, and aluminum alloy side electrode is the radius tip electrode of diameter 70mm, zinc coated high strength steel lateral electrode is the flat electrode of diameter 10mm, and two kinds of electrode surface roughness Ra values are 0.8 μm.Intermediate-frequeney point Welding Selecting parameter is as follows: spot welding current is 22kA, and weld interval is 0.3s, and electrode pressure is 3.5kN, and squeeze time is 0.4s, holds time as 0.4s.
Result of the test shows, aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint shaping surface good (as shown in Figure 2), there is not the alloying reaction with flat electrode in zinc coated high strength steel side surface, simultaneously, there is circular impression in aluminum alloy side surface, the adhesion with radius tip electrode does not appear in solder joint center.Aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint is formed along with the counterdiffusion of atom and interfacial reaction in the effect of sprawling of solid-state high-strength steel moistened surface by the aluminium alloy of fusing, and therefore it belongs to molten-soldered fitting (Fig. 3).As shown in Figure 3, there is not the defect such as shrinkage cavity, crackle in tack-weld aluminium/steel interface, and tack-weld aluminium alloy nugget size is 10.1mm, and the aluminum alloy side surface indentation degree of depth is 17% of aluminium alloy thickness of slab.Aluminium alloy in tack-weld/zinc coated high strength steel interface creates intermetallic compounds layer, and its thickness is heart place the highest (4.0 μm) (Fig. 4) within a fitting.Zone X ray detecting diffraction analysis results shows, intermetallic compound is by Fe
2al
5and Fe
4al
13composition (Fig. 5).Tack-weld draws shearing to reach 5400N (Fig. 6), draws and cuts process center tap with button fracture mode destruction (Fig. 7).
Embodiment 2
The material of zinc coated high strength steel plate to be welded and aluminium alloy plate and workpiece size are all identical with embodiment 1.Intermediate-frequeney point soldering method of the present invention is adopted to weld, wherein, spot-wedling electrode material is CuCr alloy, and aluminum alloy side electrode is the radius tip electrode of diameter 70mm, zinc coated high strength steel lateral electrode is the flat electrode of diameter 12mm, and two kinds of electrode surface roughness Ra values are 0.8 μm.Intermediate-frequeney point Welding Selecting parameter is as follows: spot welding current is 24kA, and weld interval is 0.35s, and electrode pressure is 3.5kN, and squeeze time is 0.4s, holds time as 0.4s.
Result of the test shows, aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint shaping surface good (as shown in Figure 8), and the adhesion with radius tip electrode does not all appear in zinc coated high strength steel side surface and aluminum alloy side surface.There is not the defect such as shrinkage cavity and crackle in tack-weld aluminium/steel interface, aluminium alloy nugget size is 9.5mm, and the aluminum alloy side surface indentation degree of depth is 16% (Fig. 9) of aluminium alloy thickness of slab.Aluminium alloy in tack-weld/zinc coated high strength steel interface creates intermetallic compounds layer (Fe
2al
5and Fe
4al
13), its thickness is heart place the highest (3.8 μm) (Figure 10) within a fitting.Tack-weld draws shearing to reach 5000N, draws to cut process center tap and destroy with button fracture mode.
Embodiment 3
The material of zinc coated high strength steel plate to be welded and aluminium alloy plate and workpiece size are all identical with embodiment 1.Intermediate-frequeney point soldering method of the present invention is adopted to weld, wherein, spot-wedling electrode material is CuCr alloy, and aluminum alloy side electrode is the radius tip electrode of diameter 100mm, zinc coated high strength steel lateral electrode is the flat electrode of diameter 10mm, and two kinds of electrode surface roughness Ra values are 0.8 μm.Intermediate-frequeney point Welding Selecting parameter is as follows: spot welding current is 25kA, and weld interval is 0.4s, and electrode pressure is 4kN, and squeeze time is 0.4s, holds time as 0.4s.
Result of the test shows, aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint shaping surface good (as shown in figure 11), and the adhesion with radius tip electrode does not all appear in zinc coated high strength steel side surface and aluminum alloy side surface.There is not defect in tack-weld aluminium/steel interface, aluminium alloy nugget size is 9.2mm, and the aluminum alloy side surface indentation degree of depth is 13.6% (Figure 12) of aluminium alloy thickness of slab.Tack-weld draws shearing to reach 5100N, draws to cut process center tap and destroy with button fracture mode.
Comparative example
The material of zinc coated high strength steel plate to be welded and aluminium alloy plate and workpiece size are all identical with embodiment 1.Traditional F type electrode intermediate-frequeney point soldering method is adopted to weld.The spot welding parameter optimized is selected as follows: spot welding current is 9kA, and weld interval is 0.3s, and electrode pressure is 3kN, and squeeze time is 0.4s, holds time as 0.4s.
Result of the test shows, aluminium alloy/zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint shaping surface poor (as shown in figure 13), and the alloying reaction with electrode appears in zinc coated high strength steel side surface, and the adhesion with electrode appears in aluminum alloy side surface.In tack-weld, the diameter of aluminium alloy nugget is 5.8mm (Figure 14), and tack-weld aluminium/steel interface produces the intermetallic compounds layer (as shown in figure 15) that thickness reaches 13 μm.Zone X ray detecting diffraction analysis results shows, intermetallic compound is by Fe
2al
5and Fe
4al
13composition (Figure 16).Tack-weld draws shearing to be 3200N, draws and cuts process center tap with faying face fracture mode destruction (Figure 17).Therefore the welding quality adopting intermediate-frequeney point soldering method of the present invention to carry out aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel plate is significantly better than adopting traditional F type electrode intermediate-frequeney point soldering method.
Claims (10)
1. a method for aluminium alloy and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency, the method adopts spot-wedling electrode to aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel welding, thus obtain the intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint of aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel foreign material; It is characterized in that: in described spot-wedling electrode: described aluminum alloy side is the radius tip electrode of diameter 30-100mm, described zinc coated high strength steel side is the flat electrode of diameter 8-15mm.
2. the method for aluminium alloy according to claim 1 and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency, is characterized in that: described aluminium alloy is 6000 line aluminium alloy plates, and described zinc coated high strength steel is galvanizing high-strength IF steel plate.
3. the method for aluminium alloy according to claim 1 and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency, is characterized in that: described spot-wedling electrode material is CuCr alloy.
4. the method for aluminium alloy according to claim 1 and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency, is characterized in that: described radius tip electrode and flat electrode surface roughness Ra value should lower than 0.8 μm.
5. the method for aluminium alloy according to claim 2 and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency, is characterized in that: described intermediate frequency pinpoint welding procedure is: described aluminum alloy surface through mechanical grinding to remove fine and close Al
2o
3oxide-film, described zinc coated high strength steel surface is cleaned through acetone with wipe oil; Described spot-wedling electrode is installed on the soldering turret of intermediate frequency D.C. resistance spot-welding equipment, and wherein, described flat electrode is placed in the stiff end of soldering turret, and described radius tip electrode is placed in the tache motorice of soldering turret; Described 6000 line aluminium alloy plates and described galvanizing high-strength IF steel plate being overlapped is positioned on described flat electrode, and described flat electrode is positioned at overlapping regions center, described galvanizing high-strength IF steel plate surface; Carry out welding according to the intermediate frequency spot welding parameter of setting, obtain described aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint.
6. the method for aluminium alloy according to claim 5 and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency, it is characterized in that: the primary voltage of described intermediate frequency D.C. resistance spot-welding equipment is 380V, and primary frequency is 50Hz, and secondary frequencies is 1kHz, secondary short circuited electric current is 30kA, and electrode pressure is 9kN.
7. the method for aluminium alloy according to claim 5 and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency, it is characterized in that: the technological parameter of described intermediate frequency spot welding is: spot welding current is 10-26kA, weld interval is 0.05-0.4s, electrode pressure is 1.0-5.0kN, squeeze time is 0.2-0.4s, holds time as 0.3-0.4s.
8. the method for aluminium alloy according to claim 7 and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency, it is characterized in that: in described intermediate frequency pinpoint welding procedure, spot welding splash does not occur, there is not adhesion and the alloying reaction of workpiece and electrode in described aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint surface, in tack-weld, the size of aluminum alloy side nugget is 10.1mm to the maximum; Between described aluminium alloy and zinc coated high strength steel interface metal, Compound Phase consists of Fe
2al
5and Fe
4al
13, thickness is less than 4.0 μm; The described aluminum alloy side surface indentation degree of depth is 17% of aluminium alloy thickness of slab, and the shearing that draws of tack-weld reaches as high as 5400N.
9. the method for aluminium alloy according to claim 8 and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency, it is characterized in that: described aluminium alloy and the failure mode of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate-frequeney point plumb joint in tensile shear testing process are that button ruptures, along the expansion of tack-weld periphery aluminium alloy mother metal place, there is not faying face fracture mode in crackle.
10. the method for aluminium alloy according to claim 1 and the spot welding of zinc coated high strength steel foreign material intermediate frequency, is characterized in that: the method is used for welding of automobile 6000 line aluminium alloy plates and automobile panel galvanizing high-strength IF steel plate.
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106583900A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-04-26 | 深圳倍声声学技术有限公司 | Resistance spot welding method for moving iron receiver parts |
| CN106736000A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-31 | 上海交通大学 | Electrode system for improving steel aluminum dissimilar metal joint for resistance spot welding performance |
| CN107262955A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-20 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Aluminum steel welding point |
| CN108802049A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-13 | 上海大学 | Demarcate the method and its application of joint for resistance spot welding central defect |
| CN109048021A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-21 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of band pole weldering welding procedure suitable for multi-layered sheet |
| CN109048020A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-21 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of band pole weldering welding procedure suitable for aluminum steel dissimilar metal |
| CN110000296A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-12 | 吉林大学 | A kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device and connection method without rivet |
| CN110125525A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-16 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | The joint method of dissimilar metal plate |
| CN110877147A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2020-03-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Asymmetric resistance spot welding method for steel and aluminum |
| CN112183010A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-05 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Design method for reliability of reflow soldering process parameters based on IMC thickness control |
| CN113333956A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-03 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Resistance spot welding-laser composite spot welding method for aluminum steel dissimilar metal |
| US11351624B2 (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2022-06-07 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for joining dissimtilar metal plates |
| CN114643834A (en) * | 2022-03-06 | 2022-06-21 | 丹阳市金业来车辆装饰件有限公司 | Preparation method of air duct hanging plate |
| CN114850676A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-05 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Welding method combining resistance spot welding and laser spot welding of metal sheet |
| CN116493722A (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-07-28 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Resistance spot welding method of ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy plate added with intermediate layer zinc |
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| CN106736000A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-31 | 上海交通大学 | Electrode system for improving steel aluminum dissimilar metal joint for resistance spot welding performance |
| CN106583900B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2019-03-15 | 深圳倍声声学技术有限公司 | A kind of resistance spot welding method for moving-iron receiver component |
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| CN110000296A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-12 | 吉林大学 | A kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device and connection method without rivet |
| CN110000296B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2024-03-26 | 吉林大学 | Laser cladding and ultrasonic vibration combined auxiliary rivet-free turning and riveting connection device and connection method |
| CN110877147A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2020-03-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Asymmetric resistance spot welding method for steel and aluminum |
| CN112183010A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-05 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Design method for reliability of reflow soldering process parameters based on IMC thickness control |
| CN112183010B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2023-01-03 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Design method for reliability of reflow soldering process parameters based on IMC thickness control |
| CN113333956A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-03 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Resistance spot welding-laser composite spot welding method for aluminum steel dissimilar metal |
| CN114643834A (en) * | 2022-03-06 | 2022-06-21 | 丹阳市金业来车辆装饰件有限公司 | Preparation method of air duct hanging plate |
| CN114850676A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-05 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Welding method combining resistance spot welding and laser spot welding of metal sheet |
| CN114850676B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-07-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Welding method for combining resistance spot welding and laser spot welding of metal sheet |
| CN116493722A (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-07-28 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Resistance spot welding method of ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy plate added with intermediate layer zinc |
| CN116493722B (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-09-22 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Resistance spot welding method of ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy plate added with intermediate layer zinc |
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