CN110000296A - A kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device and connection method without rivet - Google Patents
A kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device and connection method without rivet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110000296A CN110000296A CN201910316441.5A CN201910316441A CN110000296A CN 110000296 A CN110000296 A CN 110000296A CN 201910316441 A CN201910316441 A CN 201910316441A CN 110000296 A CN110000296 A CN 110000296A
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- laser
- riveting
- ultrasonic vibration
- turn over
- hole
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- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/008—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00 involving vibration, e.g. ultrasonic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/02—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal by folding, e.g. connecting edges of a sheet to form a cylinder
- B21D39/026—Reinforcing the connection by locally deforming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of laser melting coatings and ultrasonic vibration, and auxiliary to be combined to turn over riveting attachment device without rivet, comprising: pedestal has the first through hole；Under turn over riveting formed punch, be resiliently supported in the first through hole；Ultrasonic vibration installation turns over riveting ram bottom under connection, and is able to drive down and turns over riveting formed punch to top impact；Blank holder, it is internal that there is the second through hole；Riveting formed punch is turned over, is actively installed in the second through hole, and can be slided up and down along second through hole；Cladding interlayer is formed between riveting metal using laser cladding apparatus, avoid the generation of electrochemical corrosion, formed punch realization is driven to turn over riveting in conjunction with ultrasonic vibration installation, reduce the residual stress generated in riveting process, the surface strength at riveted joint is effectively increased, a kind of laser melting coating is additionally provided and ultrasonic vibration combines auxiliary to turn over riveting connection method without rivet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dissimilar metals without rivet technical field, and in particular to a kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration knot
It closes the device for assisting turning over riveting connection without rivet and a kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combines auxiliary to turn over riveting connection method without rivet.
Background technique
With the development of the automobile industry, increasingly prominent for the requirement of automotive light weight technology.In addition to using light-weight high-strength material
It substitutes other than traditional steel, processing and interconnection technique are also being kept updating.No rivet is using stamping equipment and specially
Standard connection mold can form one in junction by a punching course using the plastic deformation of material itself
The dot inlayed mutually, thus connects plate.Compare traditional diamond-making technique, such as welding and gluing, no rivet
Have many advantages, such as not need that raw material, quality of connection are light, can connect different materials, be connected firmly, is easy to operate, is low in cost, and
With the continuous maturation that technology develops, no rivet has become the main way of light sheet material connection.
However, when being riveted, the poor metal of plasticity is easy to produce metal fatigue at riveted joint, it is serious can
It can crack, or even fracture, influence joint performance.At different metal materials riveted joint, it is also possible to because air is wet
Larger equal influence is spent, electrochemical corrosion is generated.Therefore, it is necessary to use new technology, to solve these problems of joint, and into
The performance of one step raising connector.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has designed and developed a kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combines auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device without rivet, uses
Laser cladding apparatus forms cladding interlayer between riveting metal, avoids the generation of electrochemical corrosion, fills in conjunction with ultrasonic vibration
It sets and formed punch realization is driven to turn over riveting, reduce the residual stress generated in riveting process, effectively increase the surface at riveted joint
Intensity.
The present invention also provides a kind of laser melting coatings and ultrasonic vibration, and auxiliary to be combined to turn over riveting connection method without rivet, gives steel plate
The forming method of cladding layer and the problem of turn over riveting process, effectively improve connector crackle between aluminium sheet, power to equipment and
Pressure requirements are low, save process time, reduce processing cost.
A further object of the invention is that the inner wall of nipple orifice has been impacted using ultrasonic activation, has refined the gold on wall surface
Belong to crystal grain, reduces the residual stress for even being eliminated and turning over riveting generation, improve the bonding strength and service life of connector.
Technical solution provided by the invention are as follows:
A kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device without rivet, comprising:
Pedestal has the first through hole；
Under turn over riveting formed punch, be coaxially resiliently supported in first through hole；
Ultrasonic vibration installation, connect it is described under turn over riveting ram bottom, and be able to drive it is described under turn over riveting formed punch along described in
The sliding of first through hole；
Blank holder is co-axially located above the pedestal, and has the second through hole；
Riveting formed punch is turned over, is coaxially located in second through hole, and can be slided up and down along second through hole；
First laser cladding apparatus is rotatably supported in second through hole, can make the riveting being disposed below
It connects metal surface and forms first annular cladding layer；
Second laser cladding apparatus is rotatably supported at second through hole bottom, and it is molten to be located at the first laser
Below coating device, the riveting metal surface of position at its center can be made to form the second annular cladding layer.
Preferably, the first laser cladding apparatus includes:
First annulus is rotatably supported in second through hole；
At least one first hinge bar, one end and first annulus are hinged, and can rotate with first annulus；
Longitudinal laser emitter is detachably connected the first hinge bar other end；
First powder feeding box, setting are located at longitudinal laser emitter side in the first hinge bar other end, and
It, can be to pulverized powder below with spray head.
Preferably, the first laser cladding apparatus includes:
First annular sliding rail is detachably secured in second through hole；
At least one first hinge bar, one end connect the first annular sliding rail, and can be along the first annular cunning
Rail sliding；
Longitudinal laser emitter is detachably connected the first hinge bar other end；
First powder feeding box, setting are located at longitudinal laser emitter side in the first hinge bar other end, and
It, can be to pulverized powder below with spray head.
Preferably, first hinge bar is telescopic rod.
Preferably, the second laser cladding apparatus includes:
Second annulus is rotatably supported at second through hole bottom；
At least one lateral laser emitter, is detachably connected second annulus, and can be with second annulus
Rotation；
Second powder feeding box, setting rotate, institute in the lateral laser emitter side with the lateral laser emitter
Stating the second powder feeding box has second spray head, can be to central-injection powder.
Preferably, the second laser cladding apparatus includes:
Second endless glide is detachably secured to described second through bottom；
At least one lateral laser emitter, is detachably connected second circular orbit, and can be along described second
Endless glide sliding；
Second powder feeding box, setting rotate, institute in the lateral laser emitter side with the lateral laser emitter
Stating the second powder feeding box has second spray head, can be to central-injection powder.
A kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting connection method without rivet, comprising:
Step 1: preparing the steel plate and aluminium sheet with through-hole, aluminium sheet is placed on above the pedestal, it then will be described
Steel plate overlays above the aluminium sheet, and blank holder is driven to compress steel plate and aluminium sheet；
Step 2: opening first laser cladding apparatus, the longitudinal direction laser emitter and the first powder feeding box are with speed v
Synchronous rotary while spraying cladding powder, using laser illumination, forms annular first cladding area on the steel plate；
It is impacted Step 3: starting ultrasonic vibration device turns over riveting formed punch under driving to the aluminium sheet, drills through the same of aluminium sheet completely
When formed have certain thickness bushing；
Step 4: opening second laser cladding apparatus, the transverse direction laser emitter and the second powder feeding box are with speed
V ' synchronous rotary while spraying cladding powder, using laser illumination, forms annular second cladding on the outside of the bushing
Area；
Step 5: turning over riveting formed punch downlink described in pushing, bushing is routed up to two sides, riveting knot structure is turned in formation.
Preferably, the rotation speed calculation formula of the longitudinal laser emitter and the first powder feeding box are as follows:
Wherein, v is the rotation speed of longitudinal laser emitter and the first powder feeding box, and π is radian, and n is first laser
The longitudinal laser emitter quantity for including in cladding apparatus, t are laser cladding layer setting time；
The rotation speed calculation formula of the transverse direction laser emitter and the second powder feeding box are as follows:
Wherein, v ' is the rotation speed of the lateral laser emitter and the second powder feeding box, and π is radian, and n ' is the
The longitudinal laser emitter quantity for including in dual-laser cladding apparatus, t are laser cladding layer setting time.
It preferably, further include bush inside impact process in the step 3 comprising:
Riveting formed punch is turned under fixation, starts ultrasonic vibration installation, and the bushing circular hole of formed punch side knock aluminium sheet is driven with frequency f
Inner wall；Wherein, the calculation formula of the frequency f are as follows:
Wherein, f is the frequency of ultrasonic vibration installation, and G turns over the elasticity modulus of riveting formed punch, I under beingPThe pole of riveting formed punch is turned under
The moment of inertia, J are vibration inertia, and λ is impact amplitude, and value is 0.08~0.1mm, and u is response time, CnFor response coefficient, σHFor
Oscillating Coefficients, D are bushing aperture.
Preferably, the cladding powder is NiCrBSi powder, and coating thickness is 0.2~0.6mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
The present invention has designed and developed a kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combines auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device without rivet, uses
Laser cladding apparatus forms cladding interlayer between riveting metal, avoids the generation of electrochemical corrosion, fills in conjunction with ultrasonic vibration
It sets and formed punch realization is driven to turn over riveting, reduce the residual stress generated in riveting process, effectively increase the surface at riveted joint
Intensity forms self-locking using rivet and other adapters by the deformation of aluminium sheet, alleviates the quality of joint.
It is preparatory hole punch that laser melting coating of the present invention and ultrasonic vibration, which turn over riveting connection method without rivet in conjunction with auxiliary,
It carries out turning over riveting processing again, process light plate does not deform, and only the lower aluminium sheet of the preferable hardness of plasticity deforms, and avoids
Connector crackle, the stress being likely to occur in riveting process concentrate the case where even generating joint breaking.And steel plate does not deform, and keeps away
Exempt from the difficult problem of high-strength steel deformation, it is also smaller to the power and pressure requirements of equipment, the energy is saved, cost is reduced.
The present invention has impacted the inner wall of nipple orifice using ultrasonic activation, has refined the metal grain on wall surface, reduces very
To the residual stress for turning over riveting generation is eliminated, the bonding strength and service life of connector are improved.
The present invention adds Ni-based cladding layer using laser melting coating between steel plate and aluminium sheet joint, and cladding layer solidification is protected
While pressure, intensity after not only increasing aluminium sheet deformation, and can effectively avoid being easy to produce between steel plate and aluminium sheet
Electrochemical corrosion.
For the riveting method of the addition adhesive such as existing viscous riveting, the time of laser melting coating fusing and solidification is all
It is very short, the cured technique of viscose glue and time before riveting can be saved, is improved work efficiency.Laser cladding layer thickness is in 0.2-
It is uniform and thin between 0.6mm, the problem of glue-line fracture being easy to appear when can be to avoid viscous riveting and glue-line are unevenly distributed.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that laser melting coating of the present invention and ultrasonic vibration are shown in conjunction with the structure that auxiliary turns over riveting attachment device without rivet
It is intended to.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of pedestal of the present invention.
Fig. 3 be it is of the present invention under turn over the structural schematic diagram of riveting formed punch.
Fig. 4 be it is of the present invention under turn over the scheme of installation of riveting formed punch and elastic device.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of blank holder of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of first laser cladding apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is another example structure schematic diagram of first laser cladding apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of second laser cladding apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is another example structure schematic diagram of second laser cladding apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 10 is of the present invention to turn over the position of plate and deformation state schematic diagram before riveting.
Figure 11 is the position view of the present invention for turning over the first cladding area and the second cladding area before riveting.
Figure 12 is position and the deformation state signal of the plate of the present invention after turning over riveting and laser melting coating for the first time
Figure.
Figure 13 is position and the deformation state signal of the plate of the present invention after turning over riveting and laser melting coating for the second time
Figure.
Figure 14 is the process that riveting connection method is turned in laser melting coating of the present invention and ultrasonic vibration in conjunction with auxiliary without rivet
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification text
Word can be implemented accordingly.
As shown in Figure 1, laser melting coating provided by the invention and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device without rivet, wrap
Include: pedestal 110, under turn over riveting formed punch 120, ultrasonic vibration installation 130, blank holder 140, turn over riveting formed punch 150, first laser cladding
Device 160 and second laser cladding apparatus 170.
As shown in Fig. 2, the center of pedestal 110 has the first stepped through hole 111, under turn over riveting formed punch 120 and pass through bullet
Property device 112 be supported in the first through hole 111, ultrasonic vibration installation 130 turns over 120 bottom of riveting formed punch under connecting, and being capable of band
Top impact of the riveting formed punch 120 to pedestal 110 is turned under dynamic；
As shown in figure 3, in another embodiment, under to turn over riveting formed punch 120 include punch body 121 and skirt section 122, formed punch master
Body 121 is cylindricality, and it is ring for accommodating ultrasonic vibration installation 130, skirt section 122 that bottom, which has cylindrical hole 121a, cylindrical hole 121a,
Shape, inner ring integrally connected punch body 121 are located at 121 middle part of punch body.
In another embodiment, stepped throughhole is provided among pedestal 110, lower section small-bore is 7mm, for connecting outside
Power-equipment and control system.Top large aperture is 15mm, turns over riveting under for installing the first spring 123 and second spring 124
Formed punch 120.Under turn over riveting formed punch 12- skirt section diameter be 14mm, to constrain its left and right displacement.
In another embodiment, the matrix that riveting formed punch 120 is turned under is the cylinder of diameter 6mm, and upper surface gradually tapers up
For the disc of a diameter 3mm, there is 1mm fillet at the edge that disc is shunk, convenient for turning over the progress of riveting.Under turn over riveting formed punch 120
Inside is provided with deep hole, aperture 4mm, wherein ultrasonic vibration apparatus 1 of the close installation with diameter.Riveting knot beam is being turned over for the first time
Afterwards, power device does not remove power, and by turning over the impact wall surface of riveting formed punch 120 under the drive of ultrasonic vibration apparatus 130, the attack time is
3s。
As shown in figure 4, elastic device 112 includes the first spring 123 and second spring 124, the first spring 123 is set in punching
In head main body 121, in the accommodation space that 122 lower section of skirt section is formed with 111 bottom of the first through hole；124 sets of second spring
It is located in punch body 121, in the receiving hole formed above skirt section 122 and at the top of the first through hole, as a kind of excellent
Choosing, the first spring 123 and second spring 124 are spiral compression spring, and coefficient of elasticity is 1300~1700N/mm.Due to first
Spring 123 is identical with the coefficient of elasticity of second spring 124, so when turning over riveting 120 uplink of formed punch under, the effect of two springs
Power can cancel out each other, and power device need to only provide the power for pushing formed punch 120 itself, support without being additionally provided power
Disappear the elastic force of spring.Under turn over riveting formed punch 120 since contacting aluminium sheet after stroke be 6mm.
The pulling force that riveting formed punch 120 overcomes elastic device 112 is turned in use, opening under ultrasonic vibration installation 130 drives, along the
The top of 111 bottom seat 110 of pass through aperture is impacted, and impact vibration device 130 is closed, and elastic device 112 turns over riveting formed punch under pulling
120 reset.
As shown in figure 5, the center of blank holder 140 has the second stepped through hole 141,150 activity of riveting formed punch is turned over
It is located in the second through hole 141, and can be slided up and down along the second through hole 141；As a preference, turning over riveting formed punch 150
It is 15mm as a kind of diameter for preferably turning over 150 top of riveting formed punch, with blank holder 5 for the variable diameters cylindrical body that circular arc is excessive
Small-bore cooperation, the diameter 5mm of lower section, less than aperture of the aluminium sheet after turning over riveting for the first time, and bottom surface has 1mm fillet excessive.
Arc surface can gradually rout up aluminium sheet when turning over riveting for the second time, and avoiding generating larger deformation suddenly causes aluminium sheet to rupture, and final
The problems such as being rounded shapes outside the connector of formation, the even tip of electrochemical corrosion, marginal discharge being concentrated to avoid stress.
Turning over stroke of the riveting formed punch after contacting aluminium sheet is 6mm.
As shown in fig. 6, first laser cladding apparatus 160 is rotatably supported in the second through hole 141, first laser cladding
Device rotation 160, can form annular cladding layer, first laser cladding apparatus 160 in the riveting metal surface being disposed below
Including the first annulus 161, at least one first hinge bar 162, longitudinal laser 163 and the first powder feeding box 164.First annulus
161 are rotatably supported in the second through hole 141；One end of first hinge bar 162 is hinged with the first annulus 161, and can be with
The rotation of first annulus 161；Longitudinal laser emitter 163 is detachably connected the other end of the first hinge bar 162 by bolt, and first
Its other end that the first hinge bar 162 is arranged in of powder feeding box 164 is located at 163 side of longitudinal laser emitter, and has spray head,
It can be to pulverized powder below.
As shown in fig. 7, in another embodiment, first laser cladding apparatus 160 includes: that first annular sliding rail 161a passes through
Bolt is detachably secured in the second through hole 141；At least one first hinge bar 162, one end connect first annular sliding rail
161a, and can be slided along first annular sliding rail 161a；Longitudinal laser emitter 163 is detachably connected first hingedly by bolt
The other end of bar 162, the setting of the first powder feeding box 164 are located at longitudinal laser emitter 163 1 in 162 other end of the first hinge bar
Side, and there is spray head, it can be to pulverized powder below.
As a preference, the first hinge bar 162 is telescopic rod.Longitudinal laser emitter 163 and the first hinge bar 162
Quantity is four, and the first powder feeding box 164 is provided with NiCrBSi powder.
When forming cladding layer, first laser cladding apparatus 160 is opened, longitudinal laser emitter is driven by the first annulus 161
163 and first powder feeding box 164 rotate, NiCrBSi powder is sprayed in the cladding area in rotary course downwards vertically, and opens longitudinal direction
Laser forms annular second cladding layer in cladding area；
Or laser emitter 163 is slided along first annular sliding rail 161a, the cladding area in rotary course downwards is vertical
NiCrBSi powder is sprayed, and opens longitudinal laser, forms annular cladding layer in cladding area,
High temperature and efficient feature due to laser melting coating, so the action time of laser melting coating is in 1s or so, solidification
Between in 3-6s or so.
As shown in figure 8, second laser cladding apparatus 170 includes: the second annulus 171, at least one lateral laser emitter
172 and the second powder feeding box 173, the second annulus 171 is rotatably supported at 141 bottom of the second through hole, and the second annulus 171 is located at the
One annulus, 161 lower section, at least one lateral laser emitter 172 are detachably connected the second annulus 171, and can be with the second annulus
171 rotations；The setting of second powder feeding box 173 is rotated in lateral 172 side of laser emitter with the lateral laser emitter 172,
Second powder feeding box 173 has second spray head, can be to central-injection powder.
As shown in figure 9, second laser cladding apparatus 170 includes: the second endless glide 171a, at least one lateral laser hair
Emitter 172 and the second powder feeding box 173, the second endless glide 171a are detachably secured to 141 bottom of the second through hole by bolt；
At least one lateral laser emitter 172 is detachably connected the second annular endless glide 171 by bolt, and can be along the second ring
Shape sliding rail 171 slides；Second powder feeding box 173 is located at 172 side of lateral laser emitter, rotates with lateral laser emitter 172,
Second powder feeding box 172 has second spray head, can be to central-injection powder.
It is 4 as a kind of preferably laterally 172 quantity of laser, the second powder feeding box 173 is provided with NiCrBSi powder, shape
When at cladding layer, second laser cladding apparatus 170 is opened, drives lateral laser emitter 172 and second to send by the second annulus 171
Powder box 173 rotates, and sprays NiCrBSi powder to the cladding area of 171 inside of the second annulus in rotary course, and open lateral laser
Device forms annular cladding layer in cladding area.
As shown in figure 13, the return under the effect of elastic device 112 of riveting formed punch 120 is turned under.Under program, the first annulus
161 reset, and longitudinal laser emitter 166 of 140 inner upper of blank holder is rotated by 90 ° around articulated shaft, close to 140 side of blank holder
Wall, in order to turn over 150 downlink of riveting formed punch.The lateral laser emitter 1723 of 140 bottom of blank holder is in a manner of synchronous powder feeding system
NiCrBSi powder is laterally sprayed to the second cladding area in a vertical state at this time and carries out cladding, while the second annulus 171
All areas of the second cladding area of cladding are rotated by 90 ° with the angular speed of 30 °/s.While cladding layer ot-yet-hardened, starting is dynamic
Power device, promotion turn over 150 downlink of riveting formed punch, 220 vertical portion of aluminium sheet are routed up to two sides.
Lateral laser emitter 172 and longitudinal laser 163 use solid state laser, high, the high-efficient, light with power
Beam quality is good, line width, the operation is stable and it is indeformable to thin-walled cladding, avoid the characteristics of aluminium alloy collapses.Since it can
To reach 400W power, and it is small to agglomerate hot spot.So can in 1s melted surface cladding material, and laser dimensions are very
Small, transmitter spray head is connected to external control devices by the internal connection line road of blank holder 140, the spray in blank holder 140
Area of bed only has 3-5mm, spot diameter 3mm.
As shown in figure 14, a kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting connection method without rivet, comprising:
Step S310, steel plate 210 and aluminium sheet 220 with through-hole are prepared；
Step S320, aluminium sheet 220 is placed on 110 top of pedestal, steel plate 210 is then overlayed into 220 top of aluminium sheet, and
Driving blank holder compresses steel plate 210 and aluminium sheet 220；
Step S330, first laser cladding apparatus 160 is opened, longitudinal laser emitter 163 and the first powder feeding box 164 are with speed
DegreeSynchronous rotary while spraying cladding powder, using laser illumination, forms annular first cladding on the steel plate
Area；
Step S340, starting ultrasonic vibration device 130 turns over riveting formed punch 120 under driving and impacts to 220 aluminium sheets, drills through aluminium completely
Being formed while plate 220 has certain thickness bushing；
Step S350, riveting formed punch is turned under fixing, starts ultrasonic vibration installation, and formed punch side knock aluminium sheet is driven with frequency f
Bushing circular-hole internal-wall；Wherein, the calculation formula of frequency f are as follows:
Wherein, f is the frequency of ultrasonic vibration installation, and unit Hz, G turn over the elasticity modulus of riveting formed punch, unit N/ under being
m2, IPThe polar moment of inertia of riveting formed punch, unit m are turned under4, J is vibration inertia, unit kgm2, λ is impact amplitude, value
It is response time, C for 0.08~0.1mm, unFor response coefficient, numerical value 2.69m/s, σHFor Oscillating Coefficients, numerical value is
0.291, D is bushing aperture.
Step S360, second laser cladding apparatus 170 is opened, lateral laser emitter 172 and the second powder feeding box 173 are with speed
DegreeSynchronous rotary while spraying cladding powder, using laser illumination, forms annular second on the outside of the bushing
Cladding area；
Step S370, riveting formed punch downlink is turned over described in promotion, bushing is routed up to two sides, and riveting knot structure is turned in formation；
Wherein, v is the rotation speed of longitudinal laser emitter and the first powder feeding box, and π is radian, and n is first laser
The longitudinal laser emitter quantity for including in cladding apparatus, t are laser cladding layer setting time, and value is 3s~6s；V ' for institute
The rotation speed of lateral laser emitter and the second powder feeding box is stated, π is radian, and n ', which is in second laser cladding apparatus, includes
Longitudinal laser emitter quantity, t be laser cladding layer setting time, value be 3s~6s.
In another embodiment, cladding powder is NiCrBSi powder, and coating thickness is 0.2~0.6mm.
Implement to be described further for a thickness of the steel plate of 2mm and with a thickness of the aluminium sheet riveting of 2mm
As shown in figs. 10-11, Step 1: first to 220 aperture of steel plate 210 and aluminium sheet before riveting, and pedestal is placed on in
Between 110 and blank holder 140, for steel plate 210 upper, two boards are pressed on pedestal 110 under, using blank holder 140 by aluminium sheet 220
On.
Wherein, 210 aperture of steel plate is 10mm, and 11 aperture of aluminium sheet is 4mm, the border circle of the first cladding area and the second cladding area
Diameter 7mm, the first cladding area and the second cladding area are the annulus of width 3mm, correspond to the deformed area of aluminium sheet 220 when turning over riveting every time
Domain.
As shown in figure 12, Step 2: the longitudinal laser 163 being mounted on above aperture is in a manner of synchronous powder feeding system, to
NiCrBSi powder is sprayed vertically and carries out cladding in one cladding area.High temperature and efficient feature due to laser melting coating, laser melting coating
Action time in 1s or so, setting time is in 3-6s or so.When cladding carries out, by pre-set program, control the
One annulus 161 drives articulated mounting and laser emitter to be rotated by 90 °, and annulus angular velocity of rotation is 30 °/s, the first cladding area of cladding
Entire area.
Step 3: starting power device in cladding layer ot-yet-hardened, 120 uplink of riveting formed punch being turned under promotion, by aluminium sheet
It routs up upwards 220 parts beyond 210 hole of steel plate.Riveting formed punch 120 is turned under fixing after routing up, and starts ultrasonic vibration installation 130,
The circular-hole internal-wall of formed punch side knock aluminium sheet 220 is driven with the frequency of 20KHz, impact amplitude is 0.1mm.
As shown in figure 13, Step 4: turning over the return under the effect of elastic device 112 of riveting formed punch 120.Under program,
First annulus 161 resets, and longitudinal laser emitter 166 of 140 inner upper of blank holder is rotated by 90 ° around articulated shaft, close to flanging
140 side walls are enclosed, in order to turn over 150 downlink of riveting formed punch.The lateral laser emitter 1723 of 140 bottom of blank holder is with synchronous powder feeding system
Mode laterally spray NiCrBSi powder to the second cladding area in a vertical state at this time and carry out cladding, while second
Annulus 171 is rotated by 90 ° all areas of the second cladding area of cladding with the angular speed of 30 °/s.While cladding layer ot-yet-hardened,
Start power device, promotion turns over 150 downlink of riveting formed punch, 220 vertical portion of aluminium sheet is routed up to two sides.
Pressure maintaining certain time turns over the reset of riveting formed punch 150, takes out connector.
Wherein, during turning over riveting, the hole of steel plate 210, aluminium sheet 220 hole, turn over riveting formed punch 120, under turn over riveting formed punch 150
Guarantee centering.
The present invention has designed and developed a kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combines auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device without rivet, uses
Laser cladding apparatus forms cladding interlayer between riveting metal, avoids the generation of electrochemical corrosion, fills in conjunction with ultrasonic vibration
It sets and formed punch realization is driven to turn over riveting, reduce the residual stress generated in riveting process, effectively increase the surface at riveted joint
Intensity forms self-locking using rivet and other adapters by the deformation of aluminium sheet, alleviates the quality of joint.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and legend shown and described herein.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device without rivet characterized by comprising
Pedestal has the first through hole；
Under turn over riveting formed punch, be coaxially resiliently supported in first through hole；
Ultrasonic vibration installation, connect it is described under turn over riveting ram bottom, and be able to drive it is described under turn over riveting formed punch along described first
Through hole sliding；
Blank holder is co-axially located above the pedestal, and has the second through hole；
Riveting formed punch is turned over, is coaxially located in second through hole, and can be slided up and down along second through hole；
First laser cladding apparatus is rotatably supported in second through hole, and the riveting being disposed below can be made golden
Metal surface forms first annular cladding layer；
Second laser cladding apparatus is rotatably supported at second through hole bottom, is located at the first laser cladding and fills
Lower section is set, the riveting metal surface of position at its center can be made to form the second annular cladding layer.
2. laser melting coating according to claim 1 and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device, feature without rivet
It is, the first laser cladding apparatus includes:
First annulus is rotatably supported in second through hole；
At least one first hinge bar, one end and first annulus are hinged, and can rotate with first annulus；
Longitudinal laser emitter is detachably connected the first hinge bar other end；
First powder feeding box, setting is located at longitudinal laser emitter side in the first hinge bar other end, and has
Spray head, can be to pulverized powder below.
3. laser melting coating according to claim 1 and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device, feature without rivet
It is, the first laser cladding apparatus includes:
First annular sliding rail is detachably secured in second through hole；
At least one first hinge bar, one end connect the first annular sliding rail, and can be sliding along the first annular sliding rail
It is dynamic；
Longitudinal laser emitter is detachably connected the first hinge bar other end；
First powder feeding box, setting is located at longitudinal laser emitter side in the first hinge bar other end, and has
Spray head, can be to pulverized powder below.
4. laser melting coating according to claim 2 or 3 and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device without rivet, special
Sign is that first hinge bar is telescopic rod.
5. laser melting coating according to claim 1 and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device, feature without rivet
It is, the second laser cladding apparatus includes:
Second annulus is rotatably supported at second through hole bottom；
At least one lateral laser emitter, is detachably connected second annulus, and can rotate with second annulus；
Second powder feeding box, setting are rotated in the lateral laser emitter side with the lateral laser emitter, and described the
Two powder feeding boxes have second spray head, can be to central-injection powder.
6. laser melting coating according to claim 1 and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting attachment device, feature without rivet
It is, the second laser cladding apparatus includes:
Second endless glide is detachably secured to described second through bottom；
At least one lateral laser emitter is detachably connected second circular orbit, and can be along second annular
Sliding rail sliding；
Second powder feeding box, setting are rotated in the lateral laser emitter side with the lateral laser emitter, and described the
Two powder feeding boxes have second spray head, can be to central-injection powder.
7. a kind of laser melting coating and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting connection method without rivet characterized by comprising
Step 1: preparing the steel plate and aluminium sheet with through-hole, aluminium sheet is placed on above the pedestal, then by the steel plate
It overlays above the aluminium sheet, and blank holder is driven to compress steel plate and aluminium sheet；
Step 2: opening first laser cladding apparatus, the longitudinal direction laser emitter is synchronous with speed v with the first powder feeding box
Rotation while spraying cladding powder, using laser illumination, forms annular first cladding area on the steel plate；
It is impacted Step 3: starting ultrasonic vibration device turns over riveting formed punch under driving to the aluminium sheet, shape while drilling through aluminium sheet completely
At with certain thickness bushing；
Step 4: opening second laser cladding apparatus, the transverse direction laser emitter and the second powder feeding box are same with speed v '
Step rotation while spraying cladding powder, using laser illumination, forms annular second cladding area on the outside of the bushing；
Step 5: turning over riveting formed punch downlink described in pushing, bushing is routed up to two sides, riveting knot structure is turned in formation.
8. laser melting coating according to claim 7 and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting connection method, feature without rivet
It is, the rotation speed calculation formula of the longitudinal direction laser emitter and the first powder feeding box are as follows:
Wherein, v is the rotation speed of longitudinal laser emitter and the first powder feeding box, and π is radian, and n is first laser cladding
The longitudinal laser emitter quantity for including in device, t are laser cladding layer setting time；
The rotation speed calculation formula of the transverse direction laser emitter and the second powder feeding box are as follows:
Wherein, v ' is the rotation speed of the lateral laser emitter and the second powder feeding box, and π is radian, and n ' is second sharp
The longitudinal laser emitter quantity for including in light cladding apparatus, t are laser cladding layer setting time.
9. laser melting coating according to claim 7 or 8 and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting connection method without rivet, special
Sign is, further includes bush inside impact process in the step 3 comprising:
Riveting formed punch is turned under fixation, starts ultrasonic vibration installation, in the bushing circular hole that formed punch side knock aluminium sheet is driven with frequency f
Wall；Wherein, the calculation formula of the frequency f are as follows:
Wherein, f is the frequency of ultrasonic vibration installation, and G turns over the elasticity modulus of riveting formed punch, I under beingPThe pole inertia of riveting formed punch is turned under
Square, J are vibration inertia, and λ is impact amplitude, and value is 0.08~0.1mm, and u is response time, CnFor response coefficient, σHFor vibration
Coefficient, D are bushing aperture.
10. laser melting coating according to claim 9 and ultrasonic vibration combine auxiliary to turn over riveting connection method, feature without rivet
It is, the cladding powder is NiCrBSi powder, and coating thickness is 0.2~0.6mm.
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| CN201910316441.5A CN110000296B (en) | 2019-04-19 | 2019-04-19 | Laser cladding and ultrasonic vibration combined auxiliary rivet-free turning and riveting connection device and connection method |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN112719096A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-30 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Riveting tool for gasket assembly of ion flame detector |
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| CN110000296B (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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