CN105262503B - A kind of multidiameter delay generation device and method based on group delay calibration - Google Patents
A kind of multidiameter delay generation device and method based on group delay calibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN105262503B CN105262503B CN201510429818.XA CN201510429818A CN105262503B CN 105262503 B CN105262503 B CN 105262503B CN 201510429818 A CN201510429818 A CN 201510429818A CN 105262503 B CN105262503 B CN 105262503B
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of multidiameter delay generation device and method suitable for baseband channel simulator, and time delay and group delay calibration filter calibration time delay are produced by multiphase filter；The present invention produces the coefficient of multiphase filter and is transferred to FPGA, multipath time-delayed signals are produced by the digital baseband signal filtering collected to AD in FPGA on computers according to the multidiameter delay parameter of user setting；Multipath time-delayed signals are measured by external instrument and obtain time delay error, on computers according to time delay error, filter freguency response weighted mean square error is minimized by solving, obtain the coefficient of group delay calibration wave filter, FPGA is transferred to after multiphase filter coefficient and group delay calibration filter coefficient are merged, by filtering the multipath time-delayed signals after being calibrated to digital baseband signal in FPGA.Therefore, the present invention has higher multidiameter delay resolution ratio and precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless information transfer technical field, more particularly to a kind of multidiameter delay production based on group delay calibration
Generating apparatus, further relates to a kind of multidiameter delay production method based on group delay calibration.
Background technology
Baseband channel simulator can simulate influence of the practical communication scene to radio signal propagation, to assess wireless channel
Performance provides effective means, is widely used in the research and development and test of communication equipment.
As the fast development of science and technology, people are higher and higher to baseband channel simulator performance requirement.Wireless signal
Influenced to produce multipath effect by communication environments around in transmitting procedure, signal reaches receiving terminal by several paths, and every
The time delay in path all changes over time.Therefore, baseband channel simulator needs the multidiameter delay generation device for having precision higher.
Multidiameter delay generation device collects digital baseband signal by AD, and when carrying out multipath to it using FPGA
Prolong.The multidiameter delay resolution ratio that usual user requires is far above the sample rate of AD, so when can not directly be sampled by the AD that is delayed
Clock realizes time delay.
Existing scheme uses software and radio technique, first by digital baseband signal interpolation and low-pass filtering increase letter
Number data transfer rate, improve the time resolution of signal, high-resolution time delay then carried out to signal, recover letter finally by extracting
Number data transfer rate, the baseband signal delayed when obtaining.
In practical applications, since baseband signal has very high data transfer rate, low-pass filter work clock after interpolation
Frequency is greater than the data transfer rate, and hardware is difficult to realize.Therefore, the multiphase filtering of interpolation and low-pass filtering is obtained by the derivation of equation
One low-pass filter is divided into multiple branching filters by structure, the structure, while after interpolation is moved on to low-pass filtering, effectively
Operation efficiency is improved, while interpolation can be delayed with signal below and extraction abbreviation, the structure after abbreviation is only filtered by multiple branches
Ripple device is formed.Signal passes through a branching filter, will obtain the time delay of respective branch, and the work clock of the structure can be
AD sampling clocks, are easy to hardware realization.
There are finite word length effect and computing rounding-off mistake for wave filter when algorithm is realized for existing multidiameter delay generation device
Difference, in hardware realization, the placement-and-routing of FPGA programs can produce time delay, and work clock can also have shake, and the above problem is all
The resolution ratio and precision that can make multidiameter delay cannot be guaranteed.
The content of the invention
For disadvantage mentioned above of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of multidiameter delay based on group delay calibration and produces
Device and method, with reference to multiphase filter time delay method, group delay calibration wave filter is used according to the time delay error that measurement obtains
Multidiameter delay is calibrated, ensures the high-resolution and precision of multidiameter delay.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of multidiameter delay generation device based on group delay calibration, including：Time delay coefficients calculation block, calibration factor meter
Calculate module and quantify transport module, AD acquisition modules, time delay module, DA output modules and latency measurement module；
Time delay module is realized by FIR filter group, is that the signal in each path adds a FIR filter, by this
FIR filter realizes the time delay of signal；
Time delay coefficients calculation block and calibration factor computing module are according to what FIR filter group was calculated in relevant parameter
Number；
FPGA will be transferred to after the coefficient fixed point by data-interface by quantifying transport module, and the time delay module of FPGA will
Each coefficient is loaded into the FIR filter of respective path, and the AD digital baseband signals gathered are filtered after end of transmission, are obtained
To multipath time-delayed signals；
Multipath time-delayed signals are exported after channel simulation is handled by DA；
Latency measurement module measurement DA output signal, obtain time delay error of each path with respect to reference path, by when
Delay difference is input to time delay coefficients calculation block；
Time delay coefficients calculation block calculates the group delay calibration filter coefficient in each path according to time delay error, passes through and is
Number merges, and obtains final calibration factor.
Alternatively, the cycle of the FIR filter work clock is identical with AD sampling clocks.
Based on above device, present invention also offers a kind of multidiameter delay production method based on group delay calibration, according to
The multidiameter delay parameter of user setting, produces the coefficient of multiphase filter and is transferred to FPGA, lead in FPGA on computers
Cross the digital baseband signal filtering collected to AD and produce multipath time-delayed signals；Multidiameter delay is measured by latency measurement module to believe
Number time delay error is obtained, on computers according to time delay error, pass through to solve and minimize filter freguency response weighted mean square and miss
Difference, obtains the coefficient of group delay calibration wave filter, is passed after multiphase filter coefficient and group delay calibration filter coefficient are merged
It is defeated to arrive FPGA, by filtering the multipath time-delayed signals after being calibrated to digital baseband signal in FPGA.
Alternatively, time delay coefficients calculation block and calibration factor computing module are calculated FIR according to relevant parameter and filter
The coefficient of device group, specifically includes following steps：
Time delay coefficients calculation block is according to the multidiameter delay resolution ratio T of user setting firstsWith each path relative to ginseng
Examine the time delay value τ in pathm, the coefficient of multiphase filter is calculated, wherein, m=1~M, M are path number, by selecting multiphase to filter
The branching filter coefficient of ripple device, obtains time delay coefficient.
Alternatively, the multiphase filtering algorithm of the multiphase filter comprises the following steps：
Step (1), multiphase filter prototype lowpass filter use raised cosine filter, its unit impulse response is：
Wherein, TbFor wave filter symbol period, α is rolloff-factor, according to multidiameter delay resolution ratio TsTo formula (1) discretization,
It can obtain
Step (2), if interpolation multiple I=Tb/Ts, α=1, formula (2) abbreviation is
Step (3), multiphase filter is converted to by low-pass filter, if raised cosine filter exponent number is N, then each branch
Filter coefficient number is n, wherein n=N/I, its unit impulse response is
sk={ h (k), h (k+2I) ..., h (k+ (n-1) I) } k=0~I-1 (4)
Step (4), according to the τ in M pathmThe branching filter coefficient s of the corresponding time delay of selectionk, wherein k=τm/Ts, obtain
To time delay coefficient, and send it to quantization transport module.
Alternatively, transport module is quantified by the skFPGA, the time delay of FPGA are transferred to by data-interface after fixed point
Module is by each skThe FIR filter of respective path is loaded into, the AD digital baseband signals gathered are filtered after end of transmission
Ripple, obtains multipath time-delayed signals.
Alternatively, time delay coefficients calculation block is according to time delay error σmCalculate the group delay calibration wave filter system in each path
Number, is merged by coefficient, obtains final calibration factor, including following calculation procedure：
Step (11), judges σmWhether index is entirely reached, if then time delay coefficient is final calibration factor, if otherwise
Perform step (12)；
Step (12), the ideal frequency response function of construction group delay calibration wave filter are：
Wherein, ω is digital angular frequency, and f is normalized numerical frequency, fuIt is affined upper frequency limit；
Step (13), the frequency response function for constructing FIR filter are：
Wherein, the coefficient of wave filter is hr=(hr(0), hr(1) ..., hr(N-1))T；
Step (14), according to Hi(f) solved by formula (7) with H (f) and minimize filter freguency response weighted mean square mistake
Difference, obtains hr；
Wherein, WkIt is non-negative weighing vector, for controlling the constrained degree of each frequency point；
Step (15), by skAnd hrMerged by convolution algorithm, obtain a final calibration factor in path；
Repeat the above steps (12)~(15), and the calibration factor in all paths, and the amount of sending it to are completed until calculating
Change transport module.
Alternatively, quantify transport module and detect whether final calibration factor is changed, passed if not changing without coefficient
It is defeated；
If the change by its fixed point after be transferred to FPGA, the time delay module of FPGA is by the h in each pathdIt is loaded into correspondence
The FIR filter in path, is filtered the digital baseband signal of AD collections, obtains multipath time-delayed signals.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) multiphase filter time-delay method is combined, multidiameter delay is calibrated using group delay calibration wave filter, it is ensured that
The precision of multidiameter delay；
(2) obtained according to the multidiameter delay error of measurement by solving minimum filter freguency response weighted mean square error
Filter coefficient is calibrated, and is merged with the time delay coefficient of multiphase filter, high-precision multidiameter delay is produced to signal.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of multidiameter delay generation device functional block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the time delay coefficients calculation block of the present invention and calibration factor computing module are calculated according to relevant parameter
The work flow diagram of the coefficient of FIR filter group；
The multiphase filtering algorithm that Fig. 3 is the present invention realizes block diagram；
Fig. 4 is the calibration Filter Principle block diagram in the path of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention proposes a kind of multidiameter delay generation device and method suitable for baseband channel simulator, by more
Phase filter produces time delay and group delay calibration filter calibration time delay；Multidiameter delay parameter of the invention according to user setting,
The coefficient of multiphase filter is produced on computers and is transferred to FPGA, is believed in FPGA by the digital baseband collected to AD
Number filtering produce multipath time-delayed signals；Multipath time-delayed signals are measured by external instrument and obtain time delay error, on computers root
According to time delay error, filter freguency response weighted mean square error is minimized by solving, obtain group delay calibration wave filter is
Number, is transferred to FPGA, by numeral in FPGA after multiphase filter coefficient and group delay calibration filter coefficient are merged
Baseband signal filters the multipath time-delayed signals after being calibrated.Therefore, the present invention has higher multidiameter delay resolution ratio and essence
Degree.
The multidiameter delay generation device based on group delay calibration to the present invention and method carry out detailed below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Explanation.
As shown in Figure 1, the multidiameter delay generation device of the invention based on group delay calibration includes：The time delay coefficient of computer
Computing module, calibration factor computing module and quantization transport module, AD acquisition modules, the time delay module of FPGA, DA output modules
With latency measurement module.
Time delay module is realized by FIR filter group, is that the signal in each path adds a FIR filter, by this
Wave filter realizes the time delay of signal.
Time delay coefficients calculation block and calibration factor computing module are according to what FIR filter group was calculated in relevant parameter
Number, its work flow diagram is as shown in Fig. 2, time delay coefficients calculation block is according to the multidiameter delay resolution ratio T of user setting firstsWith
Each path relative to reference path time delay value τm, using software and radio technique, the coefficient of multiphase filter is calculated, its
In, m=1~M, M are path number.By selecting the branching filter coefficient of multiphase filter, time delay coefficient is obtained.
As shown in figure 3, the multiphase filtering algorithm of multiphase filter comprises the following steps：
Step (1), multiphase filter prototype lowpass filter use raised cosine filter, its unit impulse response is
Wherein, TbFor wave filter symbol period, α is rolloff-factor.According to multidiameter delay resolution ratio TsTo formula (1) discretization,
It can obtain
Step (2), if interpolation multiple I=Tb/Ts, α=1, formula (2) can using abbreviation as
Step (3), multiphase filter is converted to by low-pass filter, if raised cosine filter exponent number is N, then each branch
Filter coefficient number is n, wherein n=N/I, its unit impulse response is
sk={ h (k), h (k+2I) ..., h (k+ (n-1) I) } k=0~I-1 (4)
Step (4), according to the τ in M pathmThe branching filter coefficient s of the corresponding time delay of selectionk, wherein k=τm/Ts, obtain
To time delay coefficient, and send it to quantization transport module.
Quantify transport module by the s in above-mentioned pathkFPGA, the time delay mould of FPGA are transferred to by data-interface after fixed point
Block is by each skThe FIR filter of respective path is loaded into, the AD digital baseband signals gathered are filtered after end of transmission,
Obtain multipath time-delayed signals.
The cycle of FIR filter work clock is identical with AD sampling clocks, is Tb.Multipath time-delayed signals pass through other letters
Exported after road simulation process by DA.
The signal exported using latency measurement apparatus measures DA, obtains time delay error of each path with respect to reference path
σm, time delay error, is input to the time delay coefficients calculation block of computer by wherein m=1~M.
Time delay coefficients calculation block is according to σmThe group delay calibration filter coefficient in each path is calculated, is closed by coefficient
And final calibration factor is obtained, calculation procedure is specific as follows：
Step (11), judges σmWhether index is entirely reached, if then time delay coefficient is final calibration factor, if otherwise
Perform step (12).
Step (12), the ideal frequency response function of construction group delay calibration wave filter are：
Wherein, ω is digital angular frequency, and f is normalized numerical frequency, fuIt is affined upper frequency limit.
From formula (5) it can be seen that in 0 ＜ f ＜ fuIt is 1 that the amplitude-frequency response of wave filter is permanent in frequency range, and group delay is constant to be
D+σm, wherein, D is the inherent delay that wave filter itself introduces.D is related with filter order, so the wave filter in each path
Exponent number is identical.
Step (13), the frequency response function for constructing FIR filter are：
Wherein, the coefficient of wave filter is hr=(hr(0), hr(1) ..., hr(N-1))T。
Step (14), according to Hi(f) solved by formula (7) with H (f) and minimize filter freguency response weighted mean square mistake
Difference, obtains hr。
Wherein, WkIt is non-negative weighing vector, for controlling the constrained degree of each frequency point.
Formula (7) can try to achieve globally optimal solution in specific implementation by the CVX tool boxes of Matlab.
Step (15), by skAnd hrMerged by convolution algorithm, obtain a final calibration factor in path, Fig. 4 is shown
The calibration Filter Principle block diagram in one path；
Wherein,It is convolution algorithm.
Repeat the above steps 12~15, the calibration factor in all paths is completed until calculating, and send it to quantization and pass
Defeated module.
Quantify transport module and detect whether final calibration factor is changed, transmitted if not changing without coefficient.If more
Change, will be transferred to FPGA after its fixed point, the time delay module of FPGA is by the h in each pathdIt is loaded into the FIR filters of respective path
Ripple device, is filtered the digital baseband signal of AD collections, obtains multipath time-delayed signals.
Of the invention multidiameter delay generation device and method based on group delay calibration, with reference to multiphase filter time delay method,
Multidiameter delay is calibrated using group delay calibration wave filter, it is ensured that the precision of multidiameter delay；According to the multidiameter delay of measurement
Error obtains calibration filter coefficient, and and multiphase filter by solving minimum filter freguency response weighted mean square error
Time delay coefficient merge, high-precision multidiameter delay is produced to signal.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. multidiameter delay generation device based on group delay calibration, it is characterised in that including：Time delay coefficients calculation block, Calibration factor computing module and quantization transport module, AD acquisition modules, time delay module, DA output modules and latency measurement module；Time delay module is realized by FIR filter group, is that the signal in each path adds a FIR filter, is filtered by the FIR Ripple device realizes the time delay of signal；The coefficient of FIR filter group is calculated according to relevant parameter for time delay coefficients calculation block and calibration factor computing module；FPGA will be transferred to after the coefficient fixed point by data-interface by quantifying transport module, and the time delay module of FPGA will be each Coefficient is loaded into the FIR filter of respective path, and the digital baseband signal gathered after end of transmission to AD acquisition modules is filtered Ripple, obtains multipath time-delayed signals；Multipath time-delayed signals are exported after channel simulation is handled by DA output modules；The signal of latency measurement module measurement DA output module outputs, obtains time delay error of each path with respect to reference path, Time delay error is input to time delay coefficients calculation block；Time delay coefficients calculation block calculates the group delay calibration filter coefficient in each path according to time delay error, is closed by coefficient And obtain final calibration factor.
- 2. the multidiameter delay generation device based on group delay calibration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the FIR filters The cycle of ripple device work clock is identical with AD sampling clocks.
- 3. a kind of multidiameter delay production method based on 1 or 2 described device of claim, it is characterised in that according to user setting Multidiameter delay parameter, on computers produce multiphase filter coefficient and be transferred to FPGA, by being adopted to AD in FPGA The digital baseband signal filtering that collection module collects produces multipath time-delayed signals；Multidiameter delay is measured by latency measurement module to believe Number time delay error is obtained, on computers according to time delay error, pass through to solve and minimize filter freguency response weighted mean square and miss Difference, obtains the coefficient of group delay calibration wave filter, is passed after multiphase filter coefficient and group delay calibration filter coefficient are merged It is defeated to arrive FPGA, by filtering the multipath time-delayed signals after being calibrated to digital baseband signal in FPGA.
- 4. multidiameter delay production method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in thatThe coefficient of FIR filter group is calculated according to relevant parameter for time delay coefficients calculation block and calibration factor computing module, Specifically include following steps：Time delay coefficients calculation block is according to the multidiameter delay resolution ratio T of user setting firstsWith each path relative to reference path Time delay value τm, the coefficient of multiphase filter is calculated, wherein, m=1~M, M are path number, by selecting multiphase filter Branching filter coefficient, obtains time delay coefficient.
- 5. multidiameter delay production method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the multiphase filtering of the multiphase filter is calculated Method comprises the following steps：Step (1), multiphase filter prototype lowpass filter use raised cosine filter, its unit impulse response is：Wherein, TbFor wave filter symbol period, α is rolloff-factor, according to multidiameter delay resolution ratio TsTo formula (1) discretization, can obtainStep (2), if interpolation multiple I=Tb/Ts, α=1, formula (2) abbreviation isStep (3), multiphase filter is converted to by low-pass filter, if raised cosine filter exponent number is N, then each branch's filtering Device coefficient number is n, wherein n=N/I, its unit impulse response issk={ h (k), h (k+2I) ..., h (k+ (n-1) I) } k=0~I-1 (4)Step (4), according to the τ in M pathmThe branching filter coefficient s of the corresponding time delay of selectionk, wherein k=τm/Ts, obtain time delay Coefficient, and send it to quantization transport module.
- 6. multidiameter delay production method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that quantify transport module by the skFixed point FPGA is transferred to by data-interface afterwards, the time delay module of FPGA is by each skThe FIR filter of respective path is loaded into, is transmitted After to AD acquisition modules collection digital baseband signal be filtered, obtain multipath time-delayed signals.
- 7. multidiameter delay production method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that time delay coefficients calculation block according to when be delayed Poor σmThe group delay calibration filter coefficient in each path is calculated, is merged by coefficient, obtains final calibration factor, including Following calculation procedure：Step (11), judges σmWhether index is entirely reached, if then time delay coefficient is final calibration factor, if otherwise performing Step (12)；Step (12), the ideal frequency response function of construction group delay calibration wave filter are：Wherein, ω is digital angular frequency, and f is normalized numerical frequency, fuIt is affined upper frequency limit；Step (13), the frequency response function for constructing FIR filter are：Wherein, the coefficient of wave filter is hr=(hr(0), hr(1) ..., hr(N-1))T；Step (14), according to Hi(f) solved by formula (7) with H (f) and minimize filter freguency response weighted mean square error, obtained hr；Wherein, WkIt is non-negative weighing vector, for controlling the constrained degree of each frequency point；Step (15), by skAnd hrMerged by convolution algorithm, obtain a final calibration factor in path；Repeat the above steps (12)~(15), and the calibration factor in all paths is completed until calculating, and sends it to quantization and pass Defeated module.
- 8. multidiameter delay production method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that quantify transport module and detect final calibration Whether coefficient is changed, and is transmitted if not changing without coefficient；If the change by its fixed point after be transferred to FPGA, the time delay module of FPGA is by the h in each pathdIt is loaded into respective path FIR filter, to AD acquisition modules collection digital baseband signal be filtered, obtain multipath time-delayed signals.
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| CN107623507B (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2020-03-27 | 上海复旦微电子集团股份有限公司 | Digital filter |
| CN106200761A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-07 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of based on low sampling rate high-precision target range delay control method |
| CN106488548B (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2019-09-17 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of determination method and device of indoor multipath error |
| CN106533593B (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2019-12-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Dynamic multipath time delay simulation device and method based on synchronous random access memory |
| CN108809742B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2021-08-24 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method and device for determining radio bearer repeatability |
| CN110311742A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-10-08 | 上海创远仪器技术股份有限公司 | Realize the method tested channel simulator multipath delay |
| CN114860633A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-08-05 | 深圳市双翼科技股份有限公司 | Automatic calibration method and device for time delay signal, terminal equipment and storage medium |
| CN115021768A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Four-way parallel sampling method, device, equipment and medium based on polyphase filtering |
| CN115001450B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2023-03-24 | 成都志诚信通科技合伙企业(有限合伙) | Multi-channel multiphase digital beam forming method and device |
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| CN101136679B (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2012-06-20 | 普天信息技术研究院 | Time delay compensation process in mobile communication system |
| CN101471904B (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2011-11-09 | 清华大学 | Multi-path channel estimation method |
| EP2357846A1 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-08-17 | Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH | Group-delay based bass management |
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| CN103163449B (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2016-04-06 | 河海大学常州校区 | Signal circuit time delay detection system |
| CN103905351B (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2017-03-29 | 湖南国科微电子股份有限公司 | A kind of DVB T2 channel estimation methods and system |
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