CN105259334A - Multi-functional large-scale physical model pouring and loading test device - Google Patents
Multi-functional large-scale physical model pouring and loading test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105259334A CN105259334A CN201510854759.0A CN201510854759A CN105259334A CN 105259334 A CN105259334 A CN 105259334A CN 201510854759 A CN201510854759 A CN 201510854759A CN 105259334 A CN105259334 A CN 105259334A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 131
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-functional large-scale physical model pouring and loading test bed. A first front face combined-type steel structure guard plate is connected with a second front face combined-type steel structure guard plate, a third front face combined-type steel structure guard plate, a fifth front face combined-type steel structure guard plate and a first side face guard plate, a fourth front face combined-type steel structure guard plate is connected with the second front face combined-type steel structure guard plate, the third front face combined-type steel structure guard plate, the fifth front face combined-type steel structure guard plate and a second side face loading plate, the second front face combined-type steel structure guard plate is connected with the first side face guard plate, the fourth front face combined-type steel structure guard plate and the second side face loading plate, and a high-strength organic glass guard plate is connected with the first front face combined-type steel structure guard plate, the second front face combined-type steel structure guard plate, the third front face combined-type steel structure guard plate, the fourth front face combined-type steel structure guard plate, the fifth front face combined-type steel structure guard plate, the first side face guard plate and the second side face loading plate. The multi-functional large-scale physical model pouring and loading test device is simple in structure, capable of visually monitoring and recording the whole model test process in real time and greatly beneficial for research of a physical model test of a rock-soil-similar material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to that Rock soil similar material physical model is built, maintenance, load test technical field, more specifically relate to a kind of multi-functional large scale analog material physical model and build load test stand, be applicable in the whole process of various intensity Rock soil similar material physical experiments, the building of large scale rock-soil material model, maintenance, excavation, loading and monitoring.
Background technology
Along with the development of China's economic society, the quickening of urbanization process, increasing permanent resident population pours in limited city space.Increase the contradiction with land used anxiety for solving urban population, increasing city starts using underground space development underground traffic.The excavation of subterranean tunnel cavern will inevitably cause disturbance to protolith, causes surrouding rock stress distribution again, and then affects the safety and stablization of surface buildings.When particularly carrying out tunnel excavation in the ravelly ground that Surrounding Rock Strength is lower, the physical mechanics proterties of weak surrounding rock in construction simulation process is carried out early stage by analog material physical experiments, and then push away construction parameter by model test is counter, this is under complex geological condition, ensures that the safety and stablization of engineering are significant.In underground tunnel project work progress, different cavern excavation orders, different construction methods, will inevitably produce different impacts to country rock.Finding a kind of quick, economical, safety, efficiently working procedure is a problem comparatively paying close attention to of industry in recent years.Along with construction technology level and mechanical development, underground engineering tunnel excavated section is increasing, and the construction disturbance caused surface buildings is also increasing.In order to ensure the safety and stablization of engineering, in work progress, all can strengthen the displacement deformation monitoring to above ground structure and surrounding rock of chamber.The frequency that in urban construction, large cross-section tunnel engineering occurs gets more and more, and the problems thereupon brought also become increasingly complex.Therefore, large cross-section tunnel excavation has become important in current underground works and unavoidable problem.
At present, in research weak broken formation tunnel excavation construction process, the Main Means of coffer mechanics behavior mostly is numerical analysis and model test, and the construction method of large scale, large cross-section tunnel and adjoining rock stability Journal of Sex Research are the major subjects in this direction.Although numerical analysis method has simple and easy to do advantage when studying comparatively complicated construction problem, mathematical calculation model is often quite different with Practical Project geologic condition.Therefore, nearly all Important Project, the similarity material test of certain ratio of similitude all can be adopted to carry out construction simulation operating mode, and some engineerings even adopt the prototype test of 1:1.In weak-fracture zone, excavate cavern con struction, because Surrounding Rock Strength is lower, easily the phenomenons such as collapse in cavern, country rock breaks occur, therefore under this kind of Surrounding Rock Strength condition, similarity material test becomes indispensable operation.
In the process of carrying out similarity material test, choose the key that the similar material mixture meeting Test in Situ mechanics parameter is the method.This just requires to carry out a large amount of proportioning tests: choose different material mixture ratios, and production standard test specimen determines final proportioning by uniaxial compressive test, direct shear test etc.Simultaneously low-intensity large-scale model building, maintenance, excavation, need supporting test-bed equipment in the process such as loading.In recent years, lot of domestic and international scholar is also constantly advancing and is developing this type of model test method and technology.Existing many scholars have carried out a large amount of work in geomechanical model test, obtain many useful achievements and conclusion.
Current existing testing equipment comes with some shortcomings part: 1. existing mould is when production standard test specimen, and because analog material intensity is low, mostly occur demoulding failure, and test specimen is damaged, causes waste of material, affects test progress; 2. model load test stand pattern is fixed, and can not meet the excavation requirement under different condition, existing most of test-bed cannot realize the operating condition of test of " adding confined pressure "; 3. low-intensity analog material strain brick makes mould poor efficiency, consumptive material, success ratio are low.The multi-functional large scale Rock soil similar material model test stand device that the present invention relates to, can meet that large-scale model body is built, maintenance, excavation, loading and monitoring requirement, by monitoring element pre-buried in model, binding tests stand itself, realizes the Real-Time Monitoring record to surrouding rock stress, change in displacement rule in digging process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to there are provided and a kind ofly can meet the test unit of simulating each intensity Similar Material of Rockmass physical experiments, structure simple and flexible, model test stand front is bolted burst assembly type backplate, adopt special high strength organic glass backplate inside backplate, and model test stand side is supporting hydraulic loaded equipment.When this test-bed can simulate each intensity rock excavation, the construction operating mode under different caverns section, different excavation sequence, different confined pressure condition, achieves the real-time monitoring record intuitively to model test overall process.Greatly be conducive to the research of Rock soil similar material physical experiments.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Load testing machine built by a kind of multi-functional large scale physical model, and it comprises: the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate, second positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate, high-strength transparent organic glass backplate, first side apron, second side loaded plate, electronic separated type hydraulic jack, Stress control table, ground set bolt, rolling bearing, assembled bolt, is characterized in that: the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate respectively with the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate and the first side apron are connected, the 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate respectively with the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate, second side loaded plate be connected, the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate respectively with the first side apron, 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate, second side loaded plate be connected, high-strength organic glass backplate respectively with the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate, second positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate, first side apron and the second side loaded plate are connected, and rolling bearing is connected with the second side loaded plate with electronic separated type hydraulic jack respectively, by the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate, second positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate entirety is fixed on test-bed, and load test stand the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate built by multi-functional large scale physical model, second positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate connects into arrangement by assembled bolt burst, is conducive to carrying out flexible dismounting, can meet the requirement of different cavern excavation section configuration and position when constructing, the supporting high-strength organic glass backplate intensity in model test stand front is high, and can observe the progressive evolution that in model digging process, country rock breaks intuitively.The supporting electronic separated type hydraulic jack in test-bed side, lifting jack is loaded model by side loaded plate, can simulate the excavating condition under high confining pressure condition; The topology layout flexibly of model test stand entirety, is convenient to bury measuring sensor underground in model, arranges monitoring instrument equipment.This model test stand can meet that large-scale model body is built, maintenance, excavation, loading and monitoring requirement, by monitoring element pre-buried in model, binding tests stand itself, realizes the Real-Time Monitoring record to surrouding rock stress, change in displacement rule in digging process.
The present invention has following advantage and effect:
1. model builds the yardstick of load test stand own comparatively greatly, can meet the requirement of large scale ratio of similitude physical experiments; 2. the steel construction backplate that test-bed front is with bolts, can as required, flexibly the shape of Controlling model body excavated section and position; 3. the electronic separated type hydraulic jack that test-bed side is supporting is directly connected with side loaded plate, can load, can simulate the excavating condition under high confining pressure condition to model; 4. be high-strength organic glass backplate inside test-bed front steel construction backplate, the boundary condition requirement of model test frame can be met, again can in model digging process, the progressive evolution Real Time Observation monitoring of rock masses fracturing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that load testing machine schematic diagram built by a kind of multi-functional large scale physical model.
Fig. 2 is this model test stand positive combination formula steel construction backplate schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a kind of transparent high-strength organic glass backplate schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is this model test stand side loaded plate schematic diagram.
Displacement change curve in time when Fig. 5 is this model test stand model excavation.
Wherein: the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1A, second positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1B, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1C, 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1D, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1E, transparent high-strength organic glass backplate 2, first side apron 3A, second side loaded plate 3B, electronic separated type hydraulic jack 4(model DQF-200), Stress control table 5(model DQF-200), ground set bolt 6, rolling bearing 7, assembled bolt 8.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Load testing machine (stand) built by a kind of multi-functional large scale physical model, and it is by the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1A, second positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1B, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1C, 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1D, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1E, transparent high-strength organic glass backplate 2, first side apron 3A, second side loaded plate 3B, electronic separated type hydraulic jack 4(model DQF-200), Stress control table 5(model DQF-200), ground set bolt 6, rolling bearing 7, assembled bolt 8 forms, and it is characterized in that: the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1A respectively with the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1B, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1C, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1E and the first side apron 3A be connected, the 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1D respectively with the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1B, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1C, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1E, second side loaded plate 3B be connected, the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1B respectively with the first side apron 3A, 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1D, second side loaded plate 3B be connected, high-strength organic glass backplate 2 respectively with the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1A, second positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1B, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1C, 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1D, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1E, first side apron 3A and the second side loaded plate 3B be connected, rolling bearing 7 respectively with electronic separated type hydraulic jack 4, second side loaded plate 3B is connected, by the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1A, second positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1B, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1C, 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1D, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1E entirety is fixed on test-bed, and load test stand the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1A built by multi-functional large scale physical model, second positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1B, 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1C, 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1D, 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1E connects into arrangement by assembled bolt 8 burst, is conducive to carrying out flexible dismounting, and then meets the requirement to excavation section configuration and position under different construction conditions.Inside model test stand first positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1A, the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1B, the 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1C, the 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1D, the 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1E, (supporting) transparent high-strength organic glass backplate 2 is housed, it can meet the requirement of intensity, can observe again progressive the process that in model digging process, country rock breaks intuitively.The supporting electronic separated type hydraulic jack 4(model DQF-200 in test-bed side), directly act on side second side loaded plate 3B, and then confined pressure is applied to model, second side loaded plate 3B is connected with test-bed by rolling bearing 7, electronic separating jack 4 self is fixed on ground, laboratory by ground set bolt 6, and this design can simulate the excavating condition under high confining pressure condition; The topology layout flexibly of model test stand entirety, is convenient to bury measuring sensor underground in model, arranges monitoring instrument equipment.
During concrete enforcement, the course of work that load test stand built by a kind of multi-functional large scale physical model is as follows: after the proportioning of model test analog material each component in early stage is determined, carry out placement layer by layer, vibrate by proportioning to model, compacting.Before building, need according to shown in Fig. 1, first positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1A, the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1B, the 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1C, the 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1D, the 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1E entirety are fixed on test-bed, fixed by transparent high-strength organic glass backplate 2, electronic separated type hydraulic jack 4 and the second side loaded plate 3B are in original state simultaneously.After everything in readiness, carry out placement layer by layer, vibrate, compacting, maintenance work.That model test stand front adopts is the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1A, the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1B, the 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1C, the 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1D, the 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1E, after model making maintenance completes, can according to test needs, by the assembled bolt 8 in front, select different burst backplates to carry out assembling combination, and then meet the requirement of different excavated section shape and position.When model test stand first positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1A, the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1B, the 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1C, the 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1D, the 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate 1E all remove, model front is only by the constraint of high-strength organic glass backplate 2, now, model front all appears intuitively, is convenient to the progressive evolution observing the breakage of country rock body.When not needing initiatively to add confined pressure when field condition decision model body excavates, second side loaded plate 3B can be fixed, if desired initiatively confined pressure is added, then by electronic separated type hydraulic jack 4 and the second side loaded plate 3B, confined pressure loading is carried out to model, during loading, lifting jack 4 directly acts on the second side loaded plate 3B, and the second side loaded plate 3B is moved inward by rolling bearing 7, applies evenly load to model.Confined pressure size is controlled by Stress control table 6.
Claims (3)
1. a load testing machine built by multi-functional large scale physical model, and it comprises the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1A), second positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1B), 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1C), 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1D), 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1E), transparent high-strength organic glass backplate (2), first side apron (3A), second side loaded plate (3B), electronic separated type hydraulic jack (4), rolling bearing (7), assembled bolt (8), is characterized in that: the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1A) respectively with the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1B), 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1C), 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1E) and the first side apron 3A are connected, the 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1D) respectively with the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1B), 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1C), 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1E), second side loaded plate (3B) be connected, the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1B) respectively with the first side apron (3A), 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1D), second side loaded plate (3B) be connected, high-strength organic glass backplate (2) respectively with the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1A), second positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1B), 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1C), 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1D), 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1E), first side apron (3A) and the second side loaded plate (3B) are connected, rolling bearing (7) respectively with electronic separated type hydraulic jack (4), second side loaded plate (3B) is connected, by the first positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1A), second positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1B), 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1C), 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1D), 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1E) entirety is fixed on test-bed.
2. load testing machine built by the multi-functional large scale physical model of one according to claim 1, and the first described positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1A), the second positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1B), the 3rd positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1C), the 4th positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1D), the 5th positive combination formula steel construction backplate (1E) inner side are equipped with transparent high-strength organic glass backplate 2.
3. load testing machine built by the multi-functional large scale physical model of one according to claim 1, the second described side loaded plate (3B) is connected with test-bed by rolling bearing (7), and electronic separating jack (4) is fixed on ground by ground set bolt (6).
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| CN110736820A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-31 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Model test device of landslide area pipeline safety |
| WO2020118776A1 (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-18 | 山东大学 | True three-dimensional physical model testing system for simulating burst water disaster in deep cavern |
| CN111811938A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-23 | 重庆大学 | Strain brick and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105259334B (en) | 2017-03-08 |
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