CN105255498A - Preparation of compound soil conditioner capable of reducing cadmium accumulation of paddy rice - Google Patents
Preparation of compound soil conditioner capable of reducing cadmium accumulation of paddy rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN105255498A CN105255498A CN201510637950.XA CN201510637950A CN105255498A CN 105255498 A CN105255498 A CN 105255498A CN 201510637950 A CN201510637950 A CN 201510637950A CN 105255498 A CN105255498 A CN 105255498A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound soil conditioner capable of reducing cadmium accumulation of paddy rice. The compound soil conditioner capable of reducing cadmium accumulation of the paddy rice is prepared from, by mass, 60%-70% of medical stone, 15%-20% of lime, 15%-20% of phosphatic fertilizer and 1%-5% of auxiliaries. By means of the compound soil conditioner, the cadmium content in the paddy rice can be effectively decreased, and the cadmium content can be generally decreased by 50 percent or above. The compound soil conditioner has the advantages of being low in cost, quick in effect, high in reliability, environmentally friendly, safe and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation reducing the composite soil modifier of paddy rice Cd accumulation, belong to environmental science and soil science research field.
Background technology
China's heavy-metal contaminated soil reaches 1.8 hundred million mu, and perhaps the soil of wherein only cadmium pollution just reaches about 8,000 ten thousand mu, and if the agricultural land soil in Yang Shuo, Guangxi is owing to being subject to Pb-Zn deposits contaminated wastewater, the cadmium content in agricultural land soil reaches 10-136mg/kg; Around Daye, hubei Province copper works, the farmland of 10km scope contains cadmium exhaust emission due to what discharge by chimney, and polluted agricultural land area reaches 8700 hectares; The rice terrace in township of Xiangshui County, suburbs, Xiang Tan, by large 2212.9 hectares of heavy metal contamination area, accounts for 68.84% of rice terrace area, wherein main comparatively serious with cadmium pollution.
Cadmium is a kind of heavy metal high to human toxicity.People eat the cadmium rice that exceeds standard can make cadmium enrichment in human body, and cadmium is deposited on bone, makes osteoporosis, causes osteomalacia, pathologic fracture and bone finally can be caused to shorten, be out of shape, develop into itai-itai disease.The minamata disease that Japan occurs is exactly that people eat the cadmium rice that exceeds standard and cause.Cadmium is also a kind of carcinogens, and cadmium has very strong carcinogenesis to the lung of animal, suprarenal gland, testis, the multiple organ such as prostate gland and hemopoietic system.Cadmium hiding in human body can reach 10-30, mostly is chronic seizures by the cadmium poisoning of food as rice etc. causes, and chronic poisoning the most easily damages that the kidney,spleen,liver of people is dirty waits organ, also can cause degradation under anaemia, reproductive function.
For current paddy soil and the day by day serious present situation of rice heavy metal cadmium, carry out a large amount of relevant paddy soil of administering both at home and abroad and polluted and the method for cadmium content in reduction rice.As biological restoration, agriculture control method, gongwu method.Biological restoration reparation is thorough, but repairing efficiency is long; Agricultural control method is effective and feasible for the soil that heavy metal pollution degree is low, but poor for the soil effect that heavy metal pollution degree is higher.Expending of gongwu method is higher, is applicable to the less area of contaminated area.How selecting and to develop a kind of optimum, most economical, the most effective soil remediation method is the great difficult problem of this area always.Wherein adopt chemical original position passivator physical adsorption one comparatively economical, the good method of effect.Lime is as a kind of alkaline matter of cheapness, the pH value of soil can be improved, reduce the available state of heavy metal in soil cadmium, medical stone is as a kind of natural aluminosilicate mineral material, the a large amount of aluminium elements be rich in have dual regulation to soil pH value, and the vesicular structure of medical stone makes it have good adsorption to cadmium.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, modulate a kind of composite soil modifier reducing paddy rice Cd accumulation, it is low that soil improvement agent has cost, safe and efficient, the good feature of effect.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of preparation reducing the composite soil modifier of paddy rice Cd accumulation, is characterized in that described compound land improving is formed by the component mixed preparing of following massfraction: medical stone 60-70%; Lime 15-20%; Phosphate fertilizer 15-20%, auxiliary agent 1-5%.
In above-mentioned composite soil modifier, the particle diameter of described medical stone is more than 200 orders, containing a large amount of aluminium elements in medical stone, makes medical stone have dual regulation to soil pH value, for acid soil, can improve the pH value of soil; And for alkaline soil, then can reduce the pH value of soil, make the pH value of soil trend towards neutrality, improve the physico-chemical property of soil.The vesicular structure of medical stone makes it to the Cd in soil simultaneously
2+there is stronger adsorption.
In above-mentioned composite soil modifier, the main component of described lime is Ca (OH)
2, lime can heighten the pH value of soil, reduces the available state of Cadmium in Soil.
In above-mentioned composite soil modifier, described phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium superphosphate, tricalcium phosphate.Phosphate fertilizer can be formed with heavy metal cadmium and precipitate, and reduces the activity of Cadmium in Soil.
In above-mentioned composite soil modifier, described auxiliary agent be anti-caking agent, slow-release material and ore floatation agent one, two or more.
In above-mentioned composite soil modifier, the consumption of described modifying agent is every mu of 100-350kg.Use composite soil modifier and comprise following step: before fertilising that acidic cadmium polluted soil is turned over, soil improvement agent Homogeneous phase mixing is sprinkling upon the surface of the dirty soil of heavy metal cadmium, then carrying out Soil tillage makes soil improvement agent fully mix with acidic cadmium polluted soil, and balance completes the improved, process of soil for 5 ~ 7 days.Use base manure after improvement, stir.
The know-why of the invention described above technical scheme is mainly based on following 2 points:
(1) make P in soil H slowly increase by adding soil improvement agent unslaked lime, thus impel available Cd in soil to conversions such as indissoluble state cadmium hydroxides, the final biological effectiveness reducing Cadmium in Soil.
(2) medical stone has strong electrostatic attraction and can adsorb heavy metal cadmium ion in soil, in medical stone, a small amount of iron ion and mn ion can absorb site with separaant competitive plant in addition, and a large amount of healthy trace elements with household simultaneously in medical stone can promote paddy growth.
The present invention compared with prior art advantage is: the unslaked lime of first the present invention's employing and medical stone, not only wide material sources, cost is lower, and safety and environmental protection, can not cause secondary pollution, effectively can reduce the biological effectiveness of Cadmium in Soil.Secondly soil improvement method of the present invention is simple to operate, and the strong and instant effect of reliability, effectively can reduce the content of cadmium in rice.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in more detail; it is important to point out that following examples can not be interpreted as the restriction to invention protection domain; some nonessential improvement and adjustment that the person skilled in the art in this field makes the present invention according to foregoing invention content, must belong to protection scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1
The present embodiment adopts field plot (paddy rice) test, to verify the impact that soil improvement agent of the present invention is accumulated paddy rice cadmium.Test site is carried out in rural area near Lu Kou town, Zhuzhou County, is acidic cadmium polluted soil (reddish yellow mud) for examination soil.After measured:
The chemical property pH of this reddish yellow mud is 6.0, full dose cadmium 3.6mg/kg, and in rice, cadmium content is 1.9mg/kg.
Following two process are done to above-mentioned implementation process:
A, control group, do not use soil improvement agent of the present invention;
B, use composite soil modifier every mu 250kg of the present invention and process above-mentioned acidic cadmium polluted soil (reddish yellow mud), soil improvement agent main composition is: medical stone 60%, lime 20%, phosphate fertilizer 18%, auxiliary agent 2%.Specifically comprise the following steps: before fertilising that acidic cadmium polluted soil is turned over, soil improvement agent Homogeneous phase mixing is sprinkling upon the surface of the dirty soil of acid heavy metal cadmium, then carrying out Soil tillage makes soil improvement agent fully mix with acidic cadmium polluted soil, balance and use base manure again after five days, stir.
In above-mentioned two process, the chemical fertilizer of process, agricultural chemicals and irrigation management are all consistent, and paddy rice balances the content of cadmium in test water rice after five days paddy rice maturations in adding soil improvement agent.Test result is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1 affects result to rice cadmium content
Above-mentioned table 1 test result shows, use soil improvement agent of the present invention on cadmium content impact in rice significantly, use the content that soil improvement agent of the present invention effectively can reduce cadmium in rice, be reduced to 0.65mg/kg from 1.9mg/kg, reduction amplitude reaches 65.79%.
embodiment 2
The present embodiment adopts field plot (paddy rice) test, to verify the impact that soil improvement agent of the present invention is accumulated paddy rice cadmium.Test site is carried out in farmland near Li-ling city Xian Xia town, is acidic cadmium polluted soil (reddish yellow mud) for examination soil.After measured:
The chemical property pH of this reddish yellow mud is 6.3, full dose cadmium 0.56mg/kg, and in rice, cadmium content is 0.35mg/kg.
Following two process are done to above-mentioned implementation process:
A, control group, do not use soil improvement agent of the present invention;
B, use composite soil modifier every mu 200kg of the present invention and process above-mentioned acidic cadmium polluted soil (reddish yellow mud), soil improvement agent main composition is: medical stone 70%, lime 13%, phosphate fertilizer 15%, auxiliary agent 2%.Specifically comprise the following steps: before fertilising that acidic cadmium polluted soil is turned over, soil improvement agent Homogeneous phase mixing is sprinkling upon the surface of the dirty soil of acid heavy metal cadmium, then carrying out Soil tillage makes soil improvement agent fully mix with acidic cadmium polluted soil, balance and use base manure again after five days, stir.
In above-mentioned two process, the chemical fertilizer of process, agricultural chemicals and irrigation management are all consistent, and paddy rice balances the content of cadmium in test water rice after five days paddy rice maturations in adding soil improvement agent.Test result is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1 affects result to rice cadmium content
Above-mentioned table 1 test result shows, use soil improvement agent of the present invention on cadmium content impact in rice significantly, use the content that soil improvement agent of the present invention effectively can reduce cadmium in rice, be reduced to 0.14mg/kg from 0.32mg/kg, reduction amplitude reaches 60%.
Claims (4)
1. can reduce a preparation for the composite soil modifier of paddy rice Cd accumulation, it is characterized in that described compound land improving is formed by the component mixed preparing of following massfraction: medical stone 60-70%; Lime 15-20%; Phosphate fertilizer 15-20%, auxiliary agent 1-5%.
2., in above-mentioned composite soil modifier, the particle diameter of described medical stone is more than 200 orders.
3. soil improvement agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that the main component of described lime is Ca (OH)
2, lime can heighten the pH value of soil, reduces the available state of Cadmium in Soil.
4. in above-mentioned composite soil modifier, described phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium superphosphate, tricalcium phosphate, and phosphate fertilizer can be formed with heavy metal cadmium and precipitate, and reduces the activity of Cadmium in Soil.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107801461A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-03-16 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Rice field base applies passivating material drop living imposed with tillering stage and combining for zinc fertilizer antagonism drops cadmium method |
| CN108219793A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-29 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of compound cadmium pollution soil modifying agent of Si/Fe and its methods for making and using same |
| CN108277017A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-13 | 广西大学 | It is a kind of to reduce heavy metal in soil arsenic, the soil conditioner of antimony available state and its application method |
| CN108929694A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-12-04 | 芜湖格丰环保科技研究院有限公司 | It is a kind of for administering the soil conditioner and preparation method thereof in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland |
| CN109097052A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-28 | 哈密国家农业科技园区管委会 | A kind of natural medical stone agricultural soil heavy metal deactivator and preparation method thereof |
| CN109503293A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-22 | 广西景鹏科技有限公司 | A kind of inorganic compounding soil conditioner |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108219793A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-29 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of compound cadmium pollution soil modifying agent of Si/Fe and its methods for making and using same |
| CN108277017A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-13 | 广西大学 | It is a kind of to reduce heavy metal in soil arsenic, the soil conditioner of antimony available state and its application method |
| CN109097052A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-28 | 哈密国家农业科技园区管委会 | A kind of natural medical stone agricultural soil heavy metal deactivator and preparation method thereof |
| CN108929694A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-12-04 | 芜湖格丰环保科技研究院有限公司 | It is a kind of for administering the soil conditioner and preparation method thereof in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland |
| CN109503293A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-22 | 广西景鹏科技有限公司 | A kind of inorganic compounding soil conditioner |
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Application publication date: 20160120 |