CN105237519A - 深蓝色电致发光化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
深蓝色电致发光化合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
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- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- ORFSSYGWXNGVFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium 4-amino-6-[[4-[4-[(8-amino-1-hydroxy-5,7-disulfonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]diazenyl]-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonic acid Chemical compound COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=C(C=C2)N=NC3=C(C4=C(C=C3)C(=CC(=C4N)S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O)O)OC)N=NC5=C(C6=C(C=C5)C(=CC(=C6N)S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O)O.[Na+] ORFSSYGWXNGVFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl borate Chemical compound COB(OC)OC WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D409/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
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- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6574—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only oxygen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. cumarine dyes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6576—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only sulfur in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. benzothiophene
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种深蓝色电致发光化合物及其制备方法和应用。所述化合物具有式I所示结构,其中:X为O或S;R1为H、卤素、氰基、烷基、烷氧基或磷酸酯基;R2为H、二苯基膦氧基、二苯氨基或咔唑基。先制备二苯并呋喃(或二苯并噻吩)-4-频哪醇硼酸酯前躯体和菲并咪唑前躯体,再通过偶联反应得到式I化合物。该化合物制备方法易操作且产率高,化合物呈现深蓝色荧光,单色性能较好,以之为发光材料制备的OLED器件具有深蓝色发射,启动电压3.6V,最大外量子效率达1.63%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机电致发光技术领域,特别涉及作为发光层材料的新型化合物,以及该化合物的制备方法和相关器件。
背景技术
有机电致发光器件(有机EL元件)作为最具发展潜力的一代显示产品,在便携式设备和照明等领域逐渐显露其独特的优势。相对于传统光源,有机电致发光器件具有面光源发光、大尺寸可弯折、环境友好(无汞)、高功率效率转化、低成本等特点。在商业化的使用中,全彩显示及白光照明都离不开三原色:红,绿,蓝。目前,综合性能优异的红光和绿光材料被不断报道并持续刷新着效率记录,然而作为高能量的蓝色发光材料,由于其存在带隙与载流子注入/传输平衡之间的矛盾,阻碍了其效率的提高,因而发展相对缓慢。尽管磷光材料在器件效率上具有优势,但自身的宽带隙,难于找到长寿命和纯蓝色(CIE:y坐标<0.25)的磷光材料,与此同时,设计满足高三线态能级的主体材料具有极大挑战。因此,设计具有长寿命深蓝色荧光材料是当前OLED市场的主要目标。
发明内容
为了解决现有发深蓝光的有机发光材料种类稀少,器件启动电压过高的问题,本发明提供了一种利用菲并咪唑为核构筑的新型蓝色荧光材料,咪唑环的非中心对称结构具有n型材料的吸电子性质,同时能够通过分子修饰连接电子给体与受体基团;菲是具有三个苯环的稠环化合物,高的共轭体系有利于降低分子非辐射跃迁从而提高荧光量子产率,在光热稳定性方面也具有一定优势。菲并咪唑结合了两者的优势,在荧光光谱发射和器件光热稳定性方面潜力突出。此外,菲并咪唑在合成中具有灵活的分子修饰能力,通过改变分子的激发态性质调控分子的最大发射范围从紫光至浅蓝色,这类蓝光材料在电致发光器件中极具潜力。
具体的,本发明提供的深蓝色电致发光化合物具有式I所示的通式结构:
其中,X为O或S;R1为H、卤素、氰基、烷基、烷氧基或磷酸酯基;R2为H、二苯基膦氧基、二苯氨基或咔唑基。
上述卤素指F、Cl、Br和I;上述烷基优选为C1-C6烷基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基和叔丁基等;上述烷氧基优选为C1-C6的烷氧基,例如甲氧基(–OCH3)、乙氧基(–OCH2CH3)等;上述磷酸酯基优选为–PO(OCnH2n+1),其中n=1~4的自然数,例如–PO(OCH2CH3)、–PO(OCH3)。
在本发明的具体实施方式中,提供了深蓝色有机发光材料2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑和2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑,以及它们的制备方法。
2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑的分子式为C40H26N2O2,结构式如下:
2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑的分子式为C40H26N2OS,结构式如下:
本发明的式I所示的深蓝色电致发光化合物可以通过如下方法制备得到:
1)式1化合物在非质子性溶剂中经溴化和硼酸化反应制备前躯体3;
2)以9,10-菲二酮(化合物4)、4-溴苯甲醛(化合物5)、化合物6和醋酸铵为原料,醋酸为溶剂,通过一锅法环化制备菲并咪唑前躯体7;
3)利用前驱体3和前驱体7在钯(0)催化剂存在下,采用非质子性溶剂,四丁基溴化铵为配体,在碱性环境中通过偶联反应得到式I所示的深蓝色电致发光化合物。
上述步骤1)优选以四氢呋喃、二氧六环或甲苯为反应溶剂,在无水无氧(如氩气保护),-78℃~0℃的条件下进行。
上述步骤2)的反应在无氧条件下进行,pH值控制为4~5.5之间,优选在120℃温度下回流反应24~30h
上述步骤3)在避光、无氧条件下进行,优选以四氢呋喃、二氧六环或甲苯为溶剂,所述钯(0)催化剂例如四(三苯基膦)钯,由NaOH提供碱性环境,回流反应24~30h。
本发明的式I化合物可作为发光材料用于有机电致发光器件的制备,例如作为发光层材料用于非掺杂型电致发光器件的制备。
本发明制备的深蓝色有机发光材料,如2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑和2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑为纯度极高的白色粉末状固体;经发光性能测试,它们在室温条件下二氯甲烷溶液中呈现深蓝色荧光,最大发射波长为分别为421nm和423nm,而且所呈现的单色性能比较好。当将发光材料旋涂成薄膜状态后,它们的最大发射波长发生约18nm的红移,最大发射波长均为440nm,表现出纯度极高的深蓝光荧光,77K下材料的荧光寿命为分别为7.24μs和6.62μs,并且该类有机发光材料的稳定性强,可长期空气中长时间放置。本发明的方法简单易操作且产率高,产率达到80%以上。
本发明选择了n型电子传输性菲并咪唑为核,通过构筑具有电子给予体的二苯并呋喃和二苯并噻吩单元的设计战略,得到了具有双极传输性质的深蓝色有机发光材料,该材料的色坐标y轴值小于0.15,显示出潜在的深蓝色发光材料,将该类有机分子作为发光层材料制备成非掺杂型电致发光器件得到了3.6V的启动电压,解决现有发深蓝光的有机发光材料种类稀少,器件启动电压过高的问题。
附图说明
图1是有机发光材料2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑(材料D)和2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑(材料E)的紫外光谱图;
图2是有机发光材料2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑(材料D)和2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑(材料E)在二氯甲烷溶液中的荧光发射光谱图;
图3是有机发光材料2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑(材料D)和2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑(材料E)在薄膜状态下的荧光发射光谱图;
图4是有机发光材料2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑的寿命衰减曲线图;
图5是有机发光材料2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑的寿命衰减曲线图;
图6是本发明实施例3和4制备的有机电致发光器件的结构图;
图7是本发明实施例3和4制备的有机电致发光器件的电压-亮度特征曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例进一步描述本发明的技术方案,但本领域的技术人员应该理解,本发明的范围不应局限于实施例所公开的内容,在不脱离本发明的实质和精神的范围内,各种替换和修改都是可能的。
实施例1
本实施例制备的深蓝色有机发光材料为:2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑,其分子式是C40H26N2O2,结构式为:
具体制备步骤如下:
1、制备前躯体二苯并呋喃-4-频哪醇硼酸酯
在氩气保护下,将10–12g的二苯并呋喃溶解于100–200mL的四氢呋喃溶剂中,并以650r/min的速度搅拌均匀,得混合溶液;将反应体系至于干冰丙酮浴中保持低温,向上述混合溶液中以10滴/min~20滴/min的速度,滴加30–45mL的正丁基锂的正己烷溶液,滴加结束后体系自然回至室温搅拌4~8h,再将体系至于干冰丙酮浴中加入25–30g的1,2-二溴乙烷的的四氢呋喃溶剂中,滴加结束后体系自然回至室温搅拌10~15h,用冷肼除去溶剂。再将反应体系至于干冰丙酮浴中保持低温,向上述混合溶液中以10滴/min~20滴/min的速度,滴加10–12mL的正丁基锂的正己烷溶液,滴加结束后体系自然回至室温搅拌0.5~1h,加入3–5mL的硼酸三甲酯搅拌1h回至室温,在0℃温度下加入20–40mL配置一定浓度的盐酸酸化,反应结束后加入二氯甲烷和水,萃取有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋转蒸发后得到产物加入频哪醇于甲苯中80℃温度下反应10~15h,反应结束后加入二氯甲烷和水,萃取有机相用无水硫酸镁干燥,旋转后用乙酸乙酯/石油醚作为淋洗剂柱层析得到白色粉末A,即二苯并呋喃-4-频哪醇硼酸酯。
2.制备前躯体2-(4-溴苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-菲并咪唑
在氩气保护下,将0.2–0.3g4-溴苯甲醛,0.2–0.3g9,10-菲二酮,0.8–1.0g4-甲氧基苯胺,0.3–0.5g醋酸铵,50–100mL乙酸一锅法加入至反应瓶中,在120℃温度下回流反应24~30h,反应结束后过滤产物,并用体积比为1:1的乙酸/水洗涤产物,产物用二氯甲烷/石油醚作为淋洗剂柱层析,提纯得到绿色粉末C。
3.制备2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑
在避光氩气保护下,将0.3–0.5g的产物A与0.3–0.6的产物C加入至溶剂四氢呋喃中,该反应中以四(三苯基膦)钯作为催化剂,一定浓度的NaOH的水溶液为碱,四丁基溴化铵作为配体,该体系保持回流反应24~30h,反应结束后加入饱和氯化铵,混合溶液用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相用无水硫酸镁干燥,旋转后用二氯甲烷作为淋洗剂柱层析,得到白色粉末D,即2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑。
实施例2
本实施例制备的深蓝色有机发光材料为:2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑,其分子式是C40H26N2OS,结构式为:
制备方法包括以下步骤:
1、制备前躯体二苯并噻吩-4-频哪醇硼酸酯
方法如实施例1的步骤1所述,将反应物由二苯并呋喃替换为二苯并噻吩,得到白色粉末B,即二苯并噻吩-4-频哪醇硼酸酯。
2.制备前躯体2-(4-溴苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-菲并咪唑
方法同实施例1的步骤2。
3.制备2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑
方法如实施例1步骤3所述,只是将反应物由产物A换为产物B,制得白色粉末E,即2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑。
实施例3
将深蓝色有机发材料2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑作为发光层材料制备非掺杂型电致发光器件A,具体步骤如下:
1.将ITO玻璃在有机溶剂中清洗,并用氮气吹干,曝露在紫外-臭氧氛围中30min。
2.在4.0×10–4Pa的真空度下,以0.1–0.2nm/s的速率依次蒸镀空穴阻挡层、空穴传输层、发光层、电子传输层的材料,最后用LiF/Al作为阴极。器件的结构如下:ITO/MoOx(2nm)/NPB(40nm)/发光材料D(30nm)/TPBi(40nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm),见图6中(a)。其中,NPB为N,N'-二苯基-N,N'-(1-萘基)-1,1'-联苯-4,4'-二胺;TPBi为1,3,5-三(1-苯基-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)苯。
实施例4
将深蓝色有机发材料2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑作为发光层材料制备非掺杂型电致发光器件B,具体步骤如下:
1.将ITO玻璃在有机溶剂中清洗,并用氮气吹干,曝露在紫外-臭氧氛围中30min。
2.在4.0×10–4Pa的真空度下,以0.1–0.2nm/s的速率依次蒸镀空穴阻挡层、空穴传输层、发光层、电子传输层的材料,最后用LiF/Al作为阴极。器件的结构如下:ITO/MoOx(2nm)/NPB(40nm)/发光材料E(30nm)/TPBi(40nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm),见图6中(b)。其中,NPB为N,N'-二苯基-N,N'-(1-萘基)-1,1'-联苯-4,4'-二胺;TPBi为1,3,5-三(1-苯基-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)苯。
有机发光材料2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑和2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑采用PerkinElmerLambda35UV/VisSpecttrometer仪器进行紫外光谱图测试,如图1所示,由图1可知本实施方式制得的有机发光材料在紫外区有3个吸收带。
同时,对有机发光材料2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑和2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑通过EDINBURGHINSTRUMENNTSFLSP920仪器进行荧光光谱图,如图2和图3所示。由图2可知有机发光材料2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑和2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑在二氯甲烷溶于中呈现深蓝色荧光,而且所呈现的单色性能比较好,即归一化的条件下,最大发射峰波长分别为λmax=421nm和λmax=423nm,半高宽分别为62nm和53nm。如图3所示,有机发光材料2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑和2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑在薄膜状态下的最大发射波长均为λmax=440nm。
有机发光材料2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑和2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑采用EDINBURGHINSTRUMENNTSFLSP920仪器进行寿命衰减测试,如图4和图5所示。由图4和图5可知有机发光材料2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑和2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑在77K下的荧光寿命分别为7.24μs和6.62μs。
实施例1和2制备2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑和2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑的产率为80%~100%。以它们作为发光层,实施例3和4制备的非掺杂型电致发光器件如图6所示,在器件制备后未进行封装状态下直接进行电压-亮度曲线测试,测试结果如图7所示。两个器件在亮度为1cd/m2时对应的器件启动电压均为3.6V。
Claims (10)
1.一种深蓝色电致发光化合物,具有式I所示的通式结构:
式I中,X为O或S;R1为H、卤素、氰基、烷基、烷氧基或磷酸酯基;R2为H、二苯基膦氧基、二苯氨基或咔唑基。
2.如权利要求1所述的深蓝色电致发光化合物,其特征在于,所述烷基为C1-C6烷基;所述烷氧基为C1-C6的烷氧基;所述磷酸酯基为–PO(OCnH2n+1),其中n=1~4的自然数。
3.如权利要求1所述的深蓝色电致发光化合物,其特征在于,所述化合物为2-(4-二苯并呋喃-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑或2-(4-二苯并噻吩-4-苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)菲并咪唑。
4.权利要求1~3任一所述深蓝色电致发光化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)式1化合物在非质子性溶剂中经溴化和硼酸化反应制备前躯体3;
2)以9,10-菲二酮、4-溴苯甲醛、化合物6和醋酸铵为原料,醋酸为溶剂,通过一锅法环化制备菲并咪唑前躯体7;
3)利用前驱体3和前驱体7在钯(0)催化剂存在下,采用非质子性溶剂,四丁基溴化铵为配体,在碱性环境中通过偶联反应得到式I所示的深蓝色电致发光化合物;
5.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1)在无水无氧、-78℃~0℃的条件下进行。
6.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2)在无氧条件下进行,pH值控制为4~5.5之间,在120℃温度下回流反应24~30h。
7.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3)在避光、无氧条件下进行,以四(三苯基膦)钯为催化剂,由NaOH提供碱性环境,回流反应24~30h。
8.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1)和3)中所述非质子性溶剂为四氢呋喃、二氧六环或甲苯。
9.权利要求1~3任一所述深蓝色电致发光化合物作为发光材料在有机电致发光器件中的应用。
10.一种有机电致发光器件,包括阳极、空穴阻挡层、空穴传输层、发光层、电子传输层和阴极,其特征在于,所述发光层材料为权利要求1~3任一所述的深蓝色电致发光化合物。
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CN106450014A (zh) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-22 | 四川大学 | 一种深蓝色有机电致发光器件及其制备方法 |
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TWI640513B (zh) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-11-11 | 國立清華大學 | 咪唑雜菲化合物以及包含其的有機發光二極體 |
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CN115894460A (zh) * | 2022-07-29 | 2023-04-04 | 黑龙江大学 | 苯并杂环苯基菲并咪唑化合物、其制备方法及用途 |
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