CN105227341A - 用于通过内容中心网络管理装置的系统和方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
装置可以处理来自通过内容中心网络管理本地装置的远程装置的命令。操作中,所述装置可以接收管理装置资源的兴趣,使得所述兴趣的名称包括与所述装置资源关联的名称或名称前缀,并包括管理所述资源的命令。如果所述装置确定所述名称前缀与所述本地装置对应,则所述装置分析所述兴趣的命令以确定装置资源,并对所述装置资源执行资源管理操作。如果所述名称前缀与所述本地装置不对应,则所述装置使用所述兴趣的名称前缀执行最长前缀匹配查询以确定所述兴趣的目的。如果所述兴趣的目的对应于所述本地装置的组件,则所述装置将所述兴趣转发到所述组件或所述组件的本地代理。
Description
技术领域
本申请一般涉及远程装置管理。并且更具体地,本申请涉及通过内容中心网络监视或控制装置。
背景技术
在内容中心网络(CCN)中,客户端装置可以通过传播包括数据名称的兴趣消息来获得此数据。CCN中的中间路由器向与兴趣的名称前缀关联的任何内容生产者传播此兴趣。接收兴趣的内容生产者可以生成并返回满足兴趣(例如内容对象的名称确切地与兴趣包中的名称匹配)的内容对象。路由器然后沿与兴趣消息穿过的相反的路径将内容对象转发到客户端装置,利用路由器中由兴趣消息剩下的相反路径信息。
CCN架构被设计成允许客户端有效、安全地获得数据,而不管数据来自哪里。然而,典型的CCN网络不允许管理员有效地监视或配置网络中装置的分层。
发明内容
一个实施例提供用于通过内容中心网络(CCN)管理装置的方法。这些装置可以包括计算机(例如膝上型计算机、服务器、移动装置)、网络装置(例如交换机)或器械(例如智能TV、温度调节装置等)。操作中,装置(例如路由器或数据转发装置)可以接收管理装置资源的兴趣,使得兴趣的名称包括与装置资源关联的名称或名称前缀,并包括管理装置资源的命令。装置使用兴趣的名称执行最长前缀匹配查询以确定兴趣的目的(destination)。如果兴趣的目的包括本地装置的组件,则装置将兴趣转发到本地装置的组件的代理。
在CCN中,每项内容是分别被命名的,每项数据绑定到将该数据与任何其它项数据相区分的唯一名称,诸如相同数据的其它形式或来自其它来源的数据。此唯一名称允许客户端通过传播指示此唯一名称的请求或兴趣请求数据,并且可以获得与数据的存储位置、网络位置、应用和传输手段无关的数据。以下术语描述CCN架构的元件:
内容对象(ContentObject):单一一项命名数据,其绑定到唯一名称。内容对象是“永久的”,这意味着内容对象可以在计算装置内或者在不同的计算装置中移动,但不会改变。如果内容对象的任何组成变化,则出现变化的实体创建包括更新内容的新内容对象,并且将新内容对象绑定到新唯一名称。
唯一名称(UniqueName):CCN中的名称通常是与位置无关的,唯一地标识内容对象。数据转发装置不管内容对象的网络地址或物理位置如何,可以使用名称或名称前缀将包向生成或存储内容对象的网络节点转发。在一些实施例中,名称可以是分层结构的可变长度标识符(HSVLI)。HSVLI可以分成几个分层组成,这些组成可以以各种方式构造。例如,个别的名称组成parc,home,ccn和test.txt可以以左对齐的前缀为主的方式构造,形成名称“/parc/home/ccn/test.txt.”。因此,名称“/parc/home/ccn”可以是“/parc/home/ccn/test.txt.”的“父”或“前缀”。附加组成可以用来区分内容项目的不同形式,诸如合作文档。
兴趣(Interest):指示对一项数据的请求的包,包括该项数据的名称(或名称前缀)。数据消费者可以在信息中心网络中传播请求或兴趣,CCN路由器可以向可以提供所请求数据的存储装置(例如缓存服务器)或数据生产者播送,以满足请求或兴趣。
CCN架构的描述在美国专利申请号12/338,175(发明人VanL.Jacobson和DianaK.Smetters于2008年12月18日提交的名称为“ControllingtheSpreadofInterestsandContentinaContentCentricNetwork”)中有描述。
在一些实施例中,最长前缀匹配查询结果可以包括多个组件。同样,装置可以向多个组件转发兴趣,并从多个组件中的每个组件接收内容对象(CO),使得各个内容对象提供对于相应组件的状态信息。装置然后生成包括来自多个内容对象的状态信息的状态信息汇总,并返回满足兴趣的内容对象。
在一些实施例中,状态信息汇总可以包括来自多个组件的状态信息的编辑,和/或可以包括将多个组件的状态信息进行聚合的一个或多个聚合值。
在一些实施例中,组件保持包括组件变量、计数值和/或配置状态的状态信息。
在一些实施例中,组件包括本地装置的硬件组件,代理可以代表硬件组件在本地装置上运行。
在一些实施例中,组件包括软件组件或硬件组件,所述软件组件或硬件组件包括用于处理兴趣的代理。
在一些实施例中,组件可以包括接口卡、温度传感器、风扇控制器、转发信息库(FIB)、未决兴趣表(PIT)或内容存储(CS)。
一个实施例提供基于其名称前缀促进管理一个或多个装置资源的装置。操作中,装置可以接收用于管理装置资源的第一兴趣,使得兴趣的名称包括装置的名称或名称前缀以及用于监视和配置装置资源的命令。如果装置确定第一兴趣的名称对应于本地装置,则装置分析第一兴趣的命令,以确定装置的装置资源,并确定对装置资源执行的资源管理操作。装置然后对装置资源执行资源管理操作。
在一些实施例中,资源管理操作使装置为装置资源配置配置参数。
在一些实施例中,资源管理操作使装置监视装置资源的属性。
在一些实施例中,命令包括详细聚合命令,资源管理操作使装置监视本地装置的多个资源的属性。
在一些实施例中,命令包括聚合汇总命令,资源管理操作使装置通过本地装置的多个资源计算聚合属性。
在一些实施例中,命令包括警告配置命令,资源管理操作配置装置以响应于检测到满足预定条件发送警告。
在一些实施例中,当装置确定满足警告条件时,装置处理警告以生成警告消息,并通过内容中心网络将警告消息发送到预定目标装置。
在一些实施例中,在发送警告消息时,装置通过第一兴趣确定预定目标装置的路由前缀。装置生成包括路由前缀和警告消息的第二兴趣,并通过内容中心网络传播第二兴趣。
在一些实施例中,第一兴趣由待接收警告消息的预定目标装置发起。在发送警告消息时,装置生成名称包括第一兴趣的名称,有效载荷包括警告消息的内容对象。装置然后通过内容中心网络返回满足第一兴趣的内容对象,并向预定目标装置提供警告消息。
附图说明
图1图解说明根据实施例的促进通过内容中心网络管理装置的示例性计算环境。
图2图解说明根据实施例的示例性路由器,路由器的组件可以通过内容中心网络被远程管理。
图3图解说明根据实施例的网络路由器的示例性名称分层。
图4呈现根据实施例的说明在装置上处理装置-管理兴趣的方法的流程图。
图5呈现根据实施例说明转发装置-管理兴趣的方法的流程图。
图6呈现根据实施例说明当满足警告条件时配置装置以通过内容中心网络返回警告消息的方法的流程图。
图7图解说明根据实施例的促进通过内容中心网络管理装置的示例性设备。
图8图解说明根据实施例的促进通过内容中心网络管理装置的示例性计算机系统。
在图中,相同的附图标记指相同的附图元件。
具体实施方式
给出以下描述使得本领域技术人员能够制造和使用实施例,以下描述是在特定应用和其需求的背景下提供的。对所公开实施例的各种改进对本领域技术人员是非常显然的,在不偏离本申请的精神和范围下,本文中定义的通用原理可以应用于其它实施例和应用。因此,本发明不局限于所显示的实施例,而是给予与本文中公开的原理和特征一致的最宽范围。
概述
本发明的实施例提供在装置上运行的代理或后台程序,解决了通过CCN网络远程地监视或配置装置的问题。装置可以以要被管理或控制的每个装置在名称空间分层中具有唯一路由前缀的方式构成或连接分层名称空间。
要远程地管理这些装置的计算机(或应用或任何装置)可以通过生成包括装置的路由前缀的兴趣的名称,向特定装置或装置组件传播兴趣。兴趣的名称还可以指定用于监视或配置装置或组件的参数或属性的查询。例如,系统管理员可以使用个人计算机或服务器上的CCN应用(或服务)来配置机构的名称空间上的多个装置。同样,计算机或服务器可以通过内容中心网络传播装置-监视兴趣,以从名称空间和机构的网络上的多个装置采集实时统计信息。如果在采集的信息中检测到问题,则装置可以发布警告,并且可以周期性生成描述网络性能的报告。
在一些实施例中,装置或组件可以基于到相邻节点(诸如到局域网(LAN)或广域网(WAN)路由器)的路由前缀生成其自身的唯一的名称前缀。替代性地,装置可以例如基于其在机构的网络中的位置,从负责向机构的名称空间中的装置分配唯一的路由前缀的机构的服务器获得唯一的路由前缀。每个路由前缀对装置是唯一的,这允许其它装置直接向期望装置发送包(例如CCN兴趣)。
同样,路由前缀包括分层名称结构,沿网络的路由器可以基于装置的唯一路由前缀使用分层名称结构来将包转发到特定的目标装置。注意,与互联网协议(IP)网络不同,路由前缀本质上是分层的,没有固定长度。同样,注意,路由前缀不是如当前互联网中的IP前缀,而是基于装置的名称的。例如,到装置的路由器或网关可以具有为目标装置的路由前缀的子集(名称前缀)的路由前缀。因此,对目标装置的兴趣可以基于匹配路由器或网关的路由前缀的兴趣的名称前缀的一部分首先传播到路由器或网关。路由器或网关然后在本地转发信息库(FIB)中执行本地最长前缀匹配查询,以确定用于转发兴趣的接口,并使用此接口来将兴趣转发到目标装置。
还要注意,可以直接使用CCN路由前缀来将兴趣转发给目标装置。与互联网域名不同,计算机在向目标装置发送兴趣之前,不需要首先将CCN路由前缀解析成固定长度的IP地址。同样,与IP网络不同,CCN路由器不需要执行网络地址解析(NAT)就将局域网(LAN)外部的兴趣转发到LAN内的装置。而是,兴趣沿着由路由前缀定义的从与兴趣的最高级名称前缀关联的装置开始、在名称与兴趣的路由前缀匹配的装置或装置组件结束的网络路径被转发。
图1图解说明根据实施例的促进通过内容中心网络(CCN)管理装置的示例性计算环境100。具体地,计算环境100包括用于机构的CCN102(诸如企业CCN)。CCN102可以包括一组路由器104,路由器基于其路由前缀通过CCN102转发兴趣。
例如,路由器104可以是名称为“PARC”的网络中的组件。路由器104.1可以包括订阅者边缘路由器,订阅者边缘路由器可以使CCN102与互联网服务提供商(ISP)相接。ISP可以向路由器104.1转发具有名称前缀“/parc”的任何兴趣,因此,路由器104.1可以具有根路由前缀“/parc”。客户端装置106例如可以通过在兴趣的名称中包括路由前缀“/parc”将兴趣传播到CCN102中的装置。
路由器组104.2-104.6可以驻存在PARC上的计算机科学实验室(CSL)中。路由器104.2-104.6和此实验室中的任何其它装置的路由前缀都可以以名称前缀“/parc/csl”开始。具体地,路由器104.2可以是CSL的边缘路由器,并且可以有路由前缀“/parc/csl”。CSL实验室中的另一路由器104.3可以向名称为“group2”的分组的一个或多个办公室或房间提供网络访问,并且可以被配置成具有路由前缀“/parc/csl/group2”。这些房间之一的路由器可以有路由前缀:
“/parc/csl/group2/router1”。
可以给在CSL实验室的这个房间中的装置分配路由前缀:
“/parc/csl/group2/{device_name}”。
这里,{device_name}对应于装置的本地名称。
图2图解说明根据实施例的示例性路由器200,路由器200的组件可以通过内容中心网络被远程管理。具体地,路由器200可以包括与网络(诸如计算机网络)接口的一组接口卡206。接口卡206可以各自包括一组网络端口(例如以太网端口),网络端口各自将装置与网络相接。路由器200还可以包括一组传感器,诸如温度传感器202,并且可以包括调节路由器200中的温度的一组风扇204。在一些实施例中,路由器200可以执行监视和控制路由器200的各种资源的代理或后台程序。例如,此代理可以监视每个接口卡206的温度传感器202,并且可以控制风扇204以确保每个接口卡206工作于可接受的温度范围内。
路由器200还可以包括CCN相关资源,诸如转发信息库(FIB)208、未决兴趣表(PIT)210和内容存储(CS)212。在路由器200上运行的代理可以使用FIB208、PIT210和CS212以处理输入的兴趣和内容对象。此外,当此代理接收包括管理本地资源的命令的兴趣时,路由器200上的代理可以处理这些命令以监视和/或配置本地资源。例如,代理可以处理兴趣以监视或控制温度传感器202或风扇204,或者甚至是本地CCN资源(例如FIB208、PIT210或CS212)。
如果兴趣涉及有其自己的代理的资源,则路由器200本地的代理可以将兴趣转发至资源专用的代理。例如,每个接口卡206可以包括处理器和存储器,并且可以包括在处理器和存储器上执行的代理。如果路由器200上的代理接收名称前缀涉及接口卡206.2的兴趣,则本地代理可以将兴趣转发到接口卡206.2以进行进一步处理。
尽管上文的示例涉及路由器,但本文中呈现的技术还可以适用于现在已知或以后开发的任何电子装置。例如,服务器、个人计算机或联网设备可以执行监视和控制各个本地资源并允许这些本地资源通过内容中心网络被远程地管理的代理或后台程序。
图3图解说明根据实施例的网络路由器的示例性名称分层300。路由器可以通过网络配置服务器被分配路由前缀“/parc/csl/group2/router1”,所述网络配置服务器被配置成通过接合“/parc”名称空间的装置或者通过任何其它适当的网络管理工具分配路由前缀。
路由器可以包括一组内部组件(例如接口卡),所述内部组件各自具有可以接受用于监视或管理组件的兴趣的代理。例如,路由器1中的每个接口卡可以包括运行接口卡的代理的处理器。路由器可以给每个内部组件分配本地名称,并且可以向兴趣的名称中指定本地名称的内部组件转发兴趣。这允许路由器向名称为“LineCard2”的接口卡转发兴趣“/parc/csl/group2/router1/LineCard2”。同样,每个接口卡可以运行其端口中每个端口的代理,使得端口的代理可以通过接口卡本身被分配本地名称。
一旦路由器被分配唯一的路由前缀,路由器或远程装置可以通过内容中心网络控制或监视路由器的资源。例如,管理员可以使用他自己的个人计算机通过传播对以下前缀的兴趣来监视或配置LineCard2的端口P1:
“/parc/csl/group2/router1/LineCard2/P1”(1)
兴趣可以通过规定包括参数和值的查询来配置端口参数。在一些实施例中,兴趣的名称可以构造为:
“{prefix}/q={parameter}/{new_value}”(2)
其中,{prefix}包括prefix(1),“q={parameter}/{new_value}”规定具有所述参数和所述值的查询。在一些实施例中,兴趣可以包括兴趣消息中作为有效载荷的参数和新值。兴趣的名称可以是“{prefix}”,兴趣可以包括规定查询参数和值的显式有效载荷。
在一些实施例中,查询可以配置端口速度、可用带宽、虚拟LAN(VLAN)信息、以太网供电(PoE)状态(例如使能、禁止)和服务质量(QoS)参数。例如,兴趣可以使用以下查询来配置端口的端口速度:
“/parc/csl/group2/router1/LineCard2/P1/q=port_speed/10mbps”(3)
一旦此兴趣到达路由器1,路由器1上的代理执行最长前缀匹配查询(例如在本地FIB上),以识别LineCard2,并向在LineCard2上运行的代理转发兴趣。类似地,在LineCard2上运行的代理执行最长前缀匹配查询以将兴趣转发到端口P1的本地代理。端口P1的代理然后处理兴趣,将端口速度设置成10mbps,并且可以返回应答操作的内容对象。
在一些实施例中,兴趣可以监视来自一个或多个装置或资源的测量值或计数值。例如,兴趣的名称可以构造为:
“{prefix_of_device_or_component}/q={parameter}(4)
涉及路由器或接口卡的兴趣可以监视例如转发包的数目、丢弃包的数目、平均包大小的计数值或者任何其它的路由器特定的测量值或参数。因此,一旦兴趣
“/parc/csl/group2/router1/LineCard2/P1/q=dropped_packets”(5)
到达LineCard2的端口P1的代理,此代理读指定在端口P1上已经被丢弃的包的总数的本地“dropped_packets”值。代理然后生成并返回包括兴趣的名称并包括内容对象的主体中丢弃包的数目的内容对象。
在一些实施例中,兴趣可以从多个组件中查询聚合数据。聚合数据可以列出来自多个组件中每个组件的各个值,或者可以包括量化来自一组组件的聚合值的单个值。聚合值可以在路由器级、在接口卡级、在端口级或者在虚拟端口级被采集和/或汇总。
例如,兴趣:
“/parc/csl/group2/router1/LineCard2/q=dropped_packets/detailed”(6)
包括预定字“detailed”,其通知LineCard2上的代理生成列出在每个端口上丢弃的包的数目的详细报告。对于每个端口,LineCard2通过生成类似于(6)的兴趣来处理兴趣,以查询来自每个端口的“dropped_packets”值。如果端口本身包括虚拟端口,则端口可以生成并在所有虚拟端口上返回“dropped_packets”值的详细报告。一旦LineCard2获得每个端口的各个值,LineCard2可以生成并返回包括兴趣名称(6)并且包括从内容对象的主体中的每个端口接收的“dropped_packets”值的内容对象。
举另一个示例,兴趣
“/parc/csl/group2/router1/LineCard2/q=dropped_packets/summary”(7)包括预定字“summary”的查询,这通知LineCard2上的代理生成LineCard2的所有端口上丢弃包的数目的汇总。LineCard2通过从端口(和其虚拟端口)查询每个端口的“dropped_packets”值,来处理兴趣,并将LineCard2的每个端口(和虚拟端口)的丢弃包的数目相加,计算新的“dropped_packets”值。一旦LineCard2计算聚合“dropped_packets”值,LineCard2可以生成并返回在内容对象的主体中包括兴趣名称(7)并包括聚合“dropped_packets”值的内容对象。
在一些实施例中,系统管理员可以传播查询CCN名称分层内的装置集合的兴趣。例如,兴趣“/parc/esl/q=dropped_packets/detailed”(8)可以到达具有路由前缀“/parc/csl/”的CSL部门的路由器。此CSL路由器可以通过在CCN名称分层上更低的一个等级上的所有装置上重复以处理兴趣(8),从而查询这些装置的丢弃包的数目的详细报告。CSL路由器可以通过生成CCN名称分层中每个装置(或组件)的新的兴趣包,并从每个装置或组件接收匹配的内容对象来进行此操作。CSL路由器然后解析它接收的内容对象,生成汇总来自它接收的内容对象的信息的新的内容对象,并使用此新创建的内容对象对原始兴趣进行响应。
CCN分层中的装置可以包括CSL路由器本地的接口卡和/或端口,并且可以包括名称前缀为“/parc/csl/{device_name}”的其它路由器或装置。这些路由器还查询比他们低一等级的路由器,以及每个本地接口卡和/或端口。每个接口卡然后查询每个端口以获得在每个端口和虚拟端口上丢弃包的数目的详细报告。这样,如果机构的网络中有大量的装置,则系统管理员可以发布一个兴趣以从CCN名称分层内的装置集合获得详细报告。
代理还可以监视或配置CCN相关的资源,诸如转发兴趣库(FIB)、未决兴趣表(PIT)或内容存储(CS)。管理员的计算装置可以向装置发送兴趣,以查询PIT中的表项的数目。例如,装置可以传播查询:“/parc/csl/group2/PIT/q=/bbc/headlines/PendingInterests”(9)。兴趣(9)中的查询查询路由前缀“/parc/esl/group2”的路由器名称前缀为“/bbc/headlines”的未决的兴趣的数目。
管理员的计算机还可以传播兴趣以改变或配置远程装置上的CCN资源。在一些实施例中,兴趣可以配置FIB、PIT或CS资源,以创建、修改或删除资源中的表项。例如,管理员可以使用兴趣“/parc/csl/group2/FIB/q=/bbc/headlines/InterfaceSet=2,3”(10)在名称空间“/parc/csl/group2”对路由器修改FIB表项,以将名称空间“/bbc/headlines”的出接口变成接口集“2,3”。
举另一示例,管理员可以使用兴趣:“/parc/csl/group2/CS/q=/bbc/headlines/CS=2G”(11)在路由前缀“/parc/csl/group2”修改路由器的内容存储,以将名称空间“/bbc/headlines”的最大缓存大小修改为2GB。此配置路由器,以限制缓存到2GB的名称前缀“/bbc/headlines”的内容的数目。管理员还可以传播其它缓存配置兴趣,以限制其它名称前缀缓存的内容的数量。例如,管理员可以通过规定查询中的根名称前缀“/”传播以下兴趣,以配置内容存储,从而限制所有内容的缓存大小为10GB:
“/parc/csl/group2/CS/q=/=2G”(12)。
处理装置-管理兴趣
图4呈现根据实施例的说明在装置上处理装置-管理兴趣的方法400的流程图。操作中,装置(例如独立装置或独立装置的组件)可以接收用于管理装置的兴趣消息(操作402)。例如,本地装置可以包括代理,代理处理通过一个或多个接口接收的兴趣,并管理本地装置的资源集。兴趣消息包括路由前缀和命令。因此,本地代理可以使用路由前缀确定是本地处理兴趣还是将兴趣转发到被监视或管理的目标装置(或装置组件)。
代理确定兴趣的名称前缀是否与本地代理的路由前缀匹配(操作404)。如果不匹配,兴趣不由本地代理处理。因此,代理确定与兴趣的名称前缀关联的装置或组件(操作406),并将兴趣转发到目标装置或资源的代理(操作408)。此目标代理可以在不同的装置或组件上执行,或者可以是在本地装置上运行并管理本地装置的一个或多个资源的代理。例如,本地装置可以包括一组组件,该组组件各自包括执行代理的处理器。举另一个示例,本地装置可以执行一组子代理,该组子代理各自管理本地装置的资源集。路由器的子代理可以生成资源,诸如传感器(例如温度计)、风扇、接口卡、图形卡和/或装置的任何其它组件。个人装置的子代理可以管理资源,诸如智能手机的图像传感器、全球定位系统(GPS)传感器、加速度计和/或在装置上运行的任何应用。其它示例性资源可以包括例如装置的FIB、PIT或CS。
另一方面,如果兴趣的名称前缀与本地装置的路由前缀匹配,则兴趣已经到达被管理的目标装置。为了处理兴趣,装置的代理确定被兴趣管理的一个或多个资源(操作410),并确定对(若干)资源执行的操作(操作412)。装置对一个或多个资源执行操作(操作414),并且返回包括对(若干)资源执行操作产生的结果的内容对象(操作416)。
在一些实施例中,兴趣可以指定在跨越CCN名称空间分层的一个或多个等级的各个子代理上配置或监视资源的命令。例如,命令可以请求路由器监视来自多个接口卡的多个端口的网络统计。在一些实施例中,这些接口卡可以包括执行代理的处理单元。替代性地,本地装置可以执行每个接口卡的代理。这些接口卡代理对应于CCN名称空间分层的更低等级,作为路由器代理的子代理。
本地代理可以通过生成并传播涉及多个子代理中每个子代理的兴趣,对资源执行兴趣的操作(操作414)。这些子代理然后处理兴趣,以配置或监视处于或低于CCN名称空间的分段的资源。继续上文的示例,这些接口卡中每个的子代理收集接口卡的统计信息,并返回包括此统计信息的内容对象。一旦本地代理从子代理接收内容对象,则本地代理可以生成包括聚合或汇总来自各个子代理的结果的另一内容对象。
图5呈现根据实施例说明转发装置-管理兴趣的方法500的流程图。操作中,装置可以转发不针对本地装置的兴趣。装置可以使用兴趣的名称前缀在FIB(或者在包括转发信息的任何其它数据结构中)中执行最长前缀匹配查询(操作502),并确定匹配表项是否存在(操作504)。如果匹配表项不存在,则本地装置不需要处理兴趣。
否则,装置从查询结果获得转发信息(操作506),并确定匹配表项是否对应于本地管理资源(操作506)。本地管理资源可以包括不包括其自己的代理的任何组件。装置可以给这些组件中的每个分配名称前缀,并且可以发起和执行这些组件中每个的代理。如果兴趣的名称前缀对应于本地管理组件,则装置识别组件的代理(操作508),并将兴趣转发到此代理(操作510)。
另一方面,如果兴趣的名称前缀不用于本地管理资源,则装置将兴趣转发到与兴趣的名称前缀关联的目标组件(操作512)。目标组件的代理然后可以转发兴趣,或者本地处理兴趣。
警告消息
装置或组件上的代理还可以在检测到预定条件时发送警告消息。管理员可以配置代理,以通过向代理传播警告配置兴趣从而生成警告。在一些实施例中,警告配置兴趣可以具有形式:
{component_prefix}/alert={attribute}/{attribute_value}(13)
在警告配置兴趣中,{component_prefix}包括到被配置成发布警告的组件的路由前缀。同样,{attribute}和{attribute_value}的结合规定对于属性发布警告的标准。替代性地,警告配置兴趣可以对触发警告的条件指定显式表达式,并且可以指定显式属性集以在警告消息中返回。
在一些实施例中,管理员的计算装置可以传播警告配置兴趣以查询来自组件的警告消息。例如,计算装置上的代理可以周期性地传播组件的路由前缀的兴趣,以查询警告。除警告已经被触发,或者警告在警告配置兴趣超时之前被触发之外,目标组件(和组件上的代理)可以忽略警告配置兴趣。如果警告被触发,则组件可以响应于最近的或下一警告配置兴趣返回内容对象。内容对象可以包括警告兴趣的名称,并且可以在有效载荷中包括警告消息。
在一些实施例中,目标组件可能需要管理员具有有效许可以查询特定属性或计数值,或者设置特定的配置参数。因此,管理员的计算装置可以生成包括管理员的安全信息的警告配置兴趣。安全信息可以包括在兴趣名称结尾处或者作为兴趣名称的名称组成的加密用户证书(例如用户标识符或密码)。目标组件上的代理然后验证管理员的许可以在响应于查询兴趣或警告配置兴趣之前,读或修改限制属性。
图6呈现根据实施例说明当满足警告条件时配置装置以通过内容中心网络返回警告消息的方法600的流程图。操作中,装置上的代理可以接收包括警告配置命令的兴趣(操作602)。警告配置命令规定生成警告的条件,并且可以包括用于生成警告消息的指令。代理可以从警告配置命令获得警告条件(操作604),并确定警告条件是否被满足(操作606)。例如,代理可以周期性地处理一组警告的警告条件,或者可以在检测到警告条件中出现的变量有变化时处理警告条件。
如果代理确定满足警告条件,则代理继续生成警告消息(例如通过执行用于生成消息的警告的指令)(操作608)。在一些实施例中,警告消息可以包括预定消息,或者可以包括使用代理可用的数据动态生成的消息。而且,警告的指令可以配置代理,以从本地资源和/或其它代理收集数据,在警告消息中包括详细日志。详细日志可以是警告消息的一部分,或者可以作为警告消息的附件被包括。
代理然后可以将警告消息返回兴趣的资源,或者返回预定的路由前缀。例如,代理可以确定警告配置命令是否规定路由前缀(操作610)。如果规定,则代理生成其名称包括路由前缀和警告消息的兴趣(操作612)。警告配置兴趣可以具有形式:
{routable_prefix}/alert={component_prefix}/{alert_message}(14)
在兴趣(14)中,{routable_prefix}包括兴趣目的的预定路由前缀,{component_prefix}包括到发布警告的装置或组件的路由前缀。同样,{alert_message}包括被报告到预定的路由前缀的警告消息。代理可以创建包括排列的(marshalled)警告消息的兴趣。在一些实施例中,代理可以创建包括携带警告消息的显式有效载荷的兴趣。代理然后通过内容中心网络传播兴趣(操作614)。其它CCN节点然后向与路由前缀关联的一个或多个安全装置转发警告的兴趣。这些安全装置可以或者可以不包括传播初始兴趣的装置。
如果警告配置命令不规定路由前缀,则代理可以向接收兴趣的装置返回警告消息。代理可以生成包括初始兴趣的名称,并且其有效载荷包括警告消息的内容对象(操作616)。代理然后返回内容对象,以满足兴趣(操作618)。其它CCN节点沿由初始兴趣建立的相反的路径传播内容对象。例如,管理员可以使用个人计算装置周期性传播包括本地代理的路由前缀,并查询特定类型警告的代理的兴趣。代理可以忽视兴趣,直到警告的条件满足或者兴趣超时。如果在一个兴趣超时之后警告的条件得到满足,则代理可以使用下一兴趣的内容对象返回警告消息。
图7图解说明根据实施例的促进通过内容中心网络管理装置的示例性设备700。设备700可以包括多个模块,所述模块可以通过有线或无线通信信道彼此通信。设备700可以使用一个或多个集成电路实现,并且可以包括比图7中所示的更多或更少的模块。进一步地,设备700可以集成于计算机系统中,或者实现为能够与其它计算机系统和/或装置通信的单独的装置。具体地,设备700可以包括通信模块702、查询模块704、兴趣处理模块706、兴趣转发模块708和警告生成模块710。
在一些实施例中,通信模块702可以接收管理装置资源的兴趣,使得兴趣包括名称前缀和对于装置资源的命令。查询模块704可以使用兴趣的名称前缀执行最长前缀匹配查询,以确定兴趣的目的。兴趣处理模块706可以处理针对设备700的兴趣,以对设备700的资源执行资源管理操作。兴趣转发模块708可以转发针对设备700的组件或针对设备700的名称空间内的另一装置的代理的兴趣。警告生成模块710可以响应于检测到满足预定条件发布警告。
图8图解说明根据实施例的促进通过内容中心网络管理装置的示例性计算机系统802。计算机系统802包括处理器804、存储器806和存储装置808。存储器806可以包括充当管理存储器的易失性存储器(例如RAM),并且可以用来存储一个或多个存储器池。而且,计算机系统802可以耦连到显示装置810、键盘812和定位装置814。存储装置808可以存储操作系统816、代理818和数据830。
代理818可以包括指令,这些指令在由计算机系统802执行时,可以引起计算机系统802执行在本申请中描述的方法和/或处理。具体地,代理818可以包括用于接收对管理装置资源的兴趣的指令,使得兴趣包括名称前缀和对于装置资源的命令(通信模块820)。进一步地,代理818可以包括用于使用兴趣的名称前缀执行最长前缀匹配查询以确定兴趣的目的的指令(查询模块822)。
代理818还可以包括用于处理针对代理818的兴趣以对代理818的资源执行资源管理操作的指令(兴趣处理模块824)。代理818还可以包括用于转发针对代理818的组件或者针对代理818的名称空间内的另一装置的代理的兴趣的指令(兴趣转发模块826)。代理818还可以包括响应于检测到满足预定条件发布警告的指令(警告生成模块828)。
数据830可以包括通过本申请中描述的方法和/或过程作为输入请求的或作为输出生成的任何数据。具体地,数据830可以存储至少配置属性和一个或多个性能度量的计数值。
在此详细描述中描述的数据结构和代码通常存储于计算机可读存储介质上,计算机可读存储介质可以是可以存储代码和/或数据以由计算机系统使用的任何装置或介质。计算机可读存储介质包括但不限于易失性存储器、非易失性存储器、磁和光存储装置(诸如磁盘驱动器、磁带、CD(光盘)、DVD(数字通用盘或数字视频盘))或能够存储现在已知或以后开发的计算机可读介质的其它介质。
在详细描述部分描述的方法和过程可以体现为代码和/或数据,这些代码和/或数据可以存储在如上文描述的计算机可读存储介质中。当计算机系统读、执行计算机可读存储介质上存储的代码和/或数据时,计算机系统执行体现为数据结构和代码并存储于计算机可读存储介质中的方法和过程。
而且,上面描述的方法和过程可以包括于硬件模块中。这些模块可以包括但不限于专用集成电路(ASIC)芯片、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、和/或现在已知或以后开发的其它可编程逻辑器件。当硬件模块被激活时,硬件模块执行其中包括的方法和过程。
Claims (9)
1.一种计算机实现的方法,包括:
由装置接收管理装置资源的兴趣,其中,所述兴趣的名称包括与所述装置资源关联的名称或名称前缀,并包括所述装置资源的命令;
使用所述兴趣的名称执行最长前缀匹配查询,以确定所述兴趣的目的;
从最长前缀匹配查询结果确定所述兴趣的目的文件包括本地装置的组件;以及
将所述兴趣转发到所述本地装置的组件的代理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述最长前缀匹配查询结果包括多个组件,并且其中,所述方法还包括:
将所述兴趣转发到所述多个组件;
从所述多个组件中的每一个组件接收内容对象CO,其中,各个内容对象包括通过在相应组件上执行命令产生的结果;
生成包括由所述多个内容对象产生的信息的结果汇总的内容对象;以及
返回所述内容对象以满足所述兴趣。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中,所述结果汇总包括以下中的至少一个:
由所述多个组件生成的结果的编缉;以及
聚合由所述多个组件产生的结果的一个或多个聚合值。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中,来自所述相应组件的结果包括以下中的至少一个或多个:
一个或多个度量的组件变量;
一个或多个度量的计数值;以及
配置状态。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述组件包括所述本地装置的硬件组件,并且其中,所述代理代表所述硬件组件在所述本地装置上运行。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述组件包括软件组件或硬件组件,所述软件组件或硬件组件包括用于处理所述兴趣的代理。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述组件包括以下中的至少一个:
接口卡;
温度传感器;
风扇控制器;
转发信息库FIB;
未决兴趣表PIT;以及
内容存储CS。
8.一种计算机实现的方法,包括:
由装置接收管理装置资源的第一兴趣,其中,所述兴趣的名称包括所述装置资源的名称或名称前缀和监控或配置所述装置资源的命令;以及
响应于确定所述第一兴趣的名称与所述本地装置对应,分析所述第一兴趣的命令以确定所述装置的资源,并确定要对所述装置资源执行的资源管理操作;以及
对所述装置资源执行所述资源管理操作。
9.一种存储指令的非暂态计算机可读存储介质,所述指令在由计算机执行时引起所述计算机执行方法,所述方法包括:
接收管理装置资源的第一兴趣,其中,所述兴趣的名称包括所述资源的名称或名称前缀和监控或配置所述装置资源的命令;
响应于确定所述第一兴趣的名称与所述本地装置对应,分析所述第一兴趣的命令以确定所述装置的装置资源,并确定要对所述装置资源执行的资源管理操作;以及
对所述装置资源执行所述资源管理操作。
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