CN105225907A - The coaxial window construction of a kind of wideband high-power - Google Patents
The coaxial window construction of a kind of wideband high-power Download PDFInfo
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- CN105225907A CN105225907A CN201510598420.9A CN201510598420A CN105225907A CN 105225907 A CN105225907 A CN 105225907A CN 201510598420 A CN201510598420 A CN 201510598420A CN 105225907 A CN105225907 A CN 105225907A
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Abstract
The invention discloses the coaxial window construction of a kind of wideband high-power, belong to vacuum electron device microwave energy transmission window technical field.On the basis of the coaxial window of ripple of being expert at, ceramic window both sides introduce one section of air or vacuum gap, utilize the coaxial outer conductor ladder therefore produced to produce additional capacitor, jointly realize the impedance matching at window center with matching diaphragm.The coaxial window of this structure can by the gap thickness of the ceramic window both sides of adjustment, the radius of diaphragm, thickness and position, realizes the traveling wave in the impedance matching at window place and window, thus has large power capacity; Meanwhile, the gap thickness of ceramic window both sides can be adjusted, reduce diaphragm radius, reach the object reducing electric field near diaphragm, and the coaxial window of this structure have wider bandwidth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vacuum electron device microwave energy transmission window technical field, be specifically related to the coaxial window construction of a kind of wideband high-power.
Background technology
Microwave energy transmission window is one of critical component of vacuum electron device, and its function is isolated at the high vacuum environment in device and extraneous atmospheric environment, is transferred to load or antenna reflectingly by as far as possible little for high frequency power simultaneously.The performance of microwave energy transmission window has material impact to the frequency band of device, power capacity, reliability and life-span.
In the large-scale high power devices such as electron linear accelerator, international linear collider, neutron spallation source, often use coaxial window.These high power devices require that coaxial window can transmit the power of hundreds of kilowatt more than hundred megawatts, and the phenomenon that electrical breakdown, Secondary-emission multipbcation etc. cause ceramic window to lose efficacy does not occur.The simplest coaxial window is the coaxial window of half-wavelength, is that insertion one section of thickness t is half guide wavelength (t=λ ' in coaxial line
g/ 2) ceramic window, λ '
gfor the guide wavelength of assigned frequency in window.To this assigned frequency, window is completely transparent, and electromagnetic wave can pass through to areflexia.The window surface field of the coaxial window of this half-wavelength is larger, easily causes the electrical breakdown of pottery and multipactor and causes the inefficacy of microwave window.In order to reduce the electric field on ceramic window surface, develop the coaxial window of row ripple.The coaxial window of row ripple is by the matching element in the both sides of ceramic window coupling perception or capacitive, the distance of the adjustment size of matching element and itself and ceramic window, make the input impedance on window surface equal with the characteristic impedance of window, thus realize the transmission of electromagnetic areflexia at window place.Fig. 1 is shown in by structure and the Electric Field Distribution schematic diagram of the coaxial window of half-wavelength and the coaxial window of row ripple.The window surface field of the coaxial window of half-wavelength is larger, and the ripple propagated in ceramic window is standing wave (feature of standing wave: electric field amplitude has node and antinode).The ripple propagated in the ceramic window of the coaxial window of row ripple is row ripple (row baud point: the amplitude of electric field is smooth), and the electric field on window surface is lower, effectively can avoid electrical breakdown and the multipactor of window, improves power capacity.Meanwhile, the standing-wave ratio impact on window of the window thickness of the coaxial window of row ripple is smaller, can the thick window of selection and comparison with the requirement of satisfied machinery and sealing strength.
The structure of the coaxial window of half-wavelength as shown in Figure 2, is made up of the coaxial window of coaxial line and half-wavelength.As shown in Figure 3, by coaxial inner conductor 1, coaxial outer conductor 2, ceramic window 3 is formed with microwave matching element 4 the coaxial window construction of row ripple.The microwave matching element adopted is on coaxial inner conductor, introduce certain thickness metallic membrane, realizes the areflexia of assigned frequency electromagnetic wave at window center transmit by the distance adjusting diaphragm radius, diaphragm thickness and diaphragm and window center.Although the coaxial traveling wave window of this structure effectively reduces the electric field on window surface, in order to realize impedance matching, the outer radius of matching diaphragm is larger, easily causes the electric field near matching diaphragm too large and causes sparking or electric field breakdown.Meanwhile, the coaxial traveling wave curtain heading tape of this structure is wide narrow, is only suitable for use in the not high vacuum electron device of bandwidth requirement.Not competent in the occasion all higher to bandwidth sum power requirement.
Summary of the invention
In order to effectively reduce the electric field near matching diaphragm, taking into account bandwidth simultaneously, the present invention proposes the coaxial window construction of a kind of wideband high-power.On the basis of the coaxial window of row ripple shown in Fig. 3, introduce one section of air or vacuum gap in ceramic window both sides, utilize the coaxial outer conductor ladder therefore produced to produce additional capacitor, jointly realize the impedance matching at window center with matching diaphragm.The coaxial window of this structure can by the gap thickness of the ceramic window both sides of adjustment, the radius of diaphragm, thickness and position, realizes the traveling wave in the impedance matching at window place and window, thus has large power capacity; Meanwhile, the gap thickness of ceramic window both sides can be adjusted, reduce diaphragm radius, reach the object reducing electric field near diaphragm, and the coaxial window of this structure have wider bandwidth.
The present invention specifically adopts following technical scheme:
The coaxial window construction of a kind of wideband high-power, comprises coaxial inner conductor, coaxial outer conductor, ceramic window and microwave matching diaphragm, it is characterized in that: described ceramic window both sides are equipped with one section of air or vacuum gap.
The outer radius of described air or vacuum gap is greater than the inside radius of coaxial outer conductor.
Described ceramic window outer radius is more than or equal to gap outer radius.
The characteristic impedance that described coaxial inner conductor radius is corresponding with outer conductor inside radius is standard coaxial line impedence, as 50 ohm of standard coaxial lines.
Present invention achieves the impedance matching condition that the equivalent input impedance on window surface is equal with coaxial ceramic window characteristic impedance, also achieve the traveling wave in coaxial ceramic window; Near reduction microwave matching diaphragm while electric field, improve power capacity and bandwidth.Compared with prior art, the invention provides the coaxial window of a kind of wideband high-power, effectively can reduce the electric field near ceramic window surface and microwave matching diaphragm, improve the power capacity of microwave window, there is the feature of wide band simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the coaxial window of half-wavelength and the structure of the coaxial window of row ripple and electric field amplitude distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the tomograph of the coaxial window of a kind of half-wavelength;
Fig. 3 is the tomograph of the coaxial window of a kind of row ripple;
Fig. 4 is the tomograph of the coaxial window of wideband high-power that the present invention proposes;
Fig. 5 is the physical dimension figure of the coaxial window of a L-band half-wavelength;
Fig. 6 is the physical dimension figure of the coaxial window of the capable ripple of a L-band;
Fig. 7 is the physical dimension figure of the coaxial window of a wideband high-power;
The S11 frequency characteristic correlation curve that Fig. 8 is three kinds of structures shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is the Electric Field Distribution correlation curve of three kinds of structures shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.
Embodiment
Below by way of instantiation and accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention.
The present embodiment provides a kind of L-band wideband high-power coaxial window, and carries out performance comparison with the coaxial window of the capable ripple of L-band and the coaxial window of L-band half-wavelength.The assigned frequency f of three kinds of windows
0for 1.3GHz.
The physical dimension of the coaxial window of half-wavelength is shown in Fig. 5.Wherein, coaxial inner conductor radius a
1for 13.385mm, coaxial outer conductor inside radius b
1for 30.8mm, internal and external conductor material is monel, and coaxial inner conductor and coaxial outer conductor form 50 ohm of standard coaxial lines.The thickness t of pottery window
1for 36.8mm, ceramic window adopts aluminium oxide, and relative dielectric constant is 9.8.
The physical dimension of the coaxial window of row ripple is shown in Fig. 6.Wherein, coaxial inner conductor and coaxial outer conductor size and material identical with the coaxial window of half-wavelength.The thickness t of pottery window
2for 20mm, outer radius R
2for 71mm, ceramic window adopts aluminium oxide, and relative dielectric constant is 9.8.Matching diaphragm material is monel, outer radius r
2for 22.785mm, thickness l
2for 10mm, the center distance L of matching diaphragm and ceramic window
2for 35.765mm.
The physical dimension of the coaxial window of wideband high-power is shown in Fig. 7.Wherein, coaxial inner conductor and outer conductor size and material and the coaxial window of half-wavelength and the coaxial window of row ripple identical.The material of pottery window is all identical with the coaxial window of row ripple with size.Matching diaphragm material is monel, outer radius r
3for 18mm, thickness l
3for 10mm, the center distance L of matching diaphragm and ceramic window
3for 45.5mm.The Air gap thickness g of pottery window both sides is 9.5mm, and outer radius is identical with ceramic window is 71mm.Here, the coaxial window of wideband high-power have employed the diaphragm of more minor radius, reduces the electric field near diaphragm.
Utilize 3 D electromagnetic Flow Field Numerical simulation software HFSS to carry out simulation calculation to three kinds of coaxial windows of L-band, obtain S11 frequency characteristics and see Fig. 8.As can be seen from result of calculation, double wavelength coaxial window, the reflection coefficient S11 between 1.29GHz to 1.32GHz is less than-30dB, and namely its-30dB bandwidth approximately only has 30MHz.To the coaxial window of row ripple, the reflection coefficient S11 between 1.24GHz to 1.46GHz is less than-30dB, and-30dB bandwidth is 220MHz.And the reflection coefficient S11 of the coaxial window of wideband high-power between 0.9GHz to 1.51GHz is less than-30dB, correspondence-30dB bandwidth is 610MHz.Obviously, the coaxial window of wideband high-power that the present invention proposes has wider bandwidth, and its-30dB bandwidth reaches 2.7 times of the coaxial window of row ripple, 20 times of the coaxial window of half-wavelength.
Extract the electric field amplitude distribution vertically at 2mm place above half-wavelength coaxial window inner wire, and the electric field amplitude distribution vertically at 2mm place above the coaxial window of row ripple and the coaxial fenestrated membrane sheet of wideband high-power, the results are shown in Figure 9.Result of calculation shows, double wavelength coaxial window, and the electric field on ceramic window surface is equal with the electric field strength in coaxial line, and up to 537V/mm, window center electric field strength is reduced to about 170V/mm; Field in ceramic window is stationary field.To the coaxial window of row ripple, the electric field amplitude on window surface a little more than the electric field amplitude at window center, and all at about 200V/mm, far below the electric field 350V/mm in coaxial line.Because diaphragm radius is larger, the electric field near diaphragm is stronger, and electric field amplitude reaches 1000V/mm.For the coaxial window of wideband high-power that the present invention proposes, the electric field amplitude on ceramic window surface a little less than the electric field amplitude at window center, and is all less than 200V/mm.Compared to the electric field amplitude 428V/mm in coaxial line, the electric field strength near window reduces over half.Meanwhile, owing to have employed the matching diaphragm than more minor radius in the coaxial window of row ripple, the electric field strength near diaphragm is also reduced near 750V/mm, is about 75% of the electric field amplitude near the coaxial fenestrated membrane sheet of row ripple.
By the calculating of the coaxial window of wideband high-power that proposes with the present invention the coaxial window of the half-wavelength of L-band, the coaxial window of row ripple and analysis, the coaxial window of wideband high-power that the present invention proposes has the feature of wide bandwidth, effectively can reduce the electric field near window surface and matching diaphragm simultaneously, be conducive to the bandwidth expanding coaxial window, improve the power capacity of coaxial window, avoid the phenomenon that the electric field breakdown etc. of coaxial window causes microwave window to lose efficacy.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, embodiment described here is to help reader understanding's principle of the present invention, should be understood to that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to so special statement and embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other various concrete distortion and combination of not departing from essence of the present invention according to these technology enlightenment disclosed by the invention, and these distortion and combination are still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the coaxial window construction of wideband high-power, comprises coaxial inner conductor, coaxial outer conductor, ceramic window and microwave matching diaphragm, it is characterized in that: described ceramic window both sides are equipped with one section of air or vacuum gap.
2. the coaxial window construction of a kind of wideband high-power as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the outer radius of described air or vacuum gap is greater than the inside radius of coaxial outer conductor.
3. the coaxial window construction of a kind of wideband high-power as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described ceramic window outer radius is more than or equal to gap outer radius.
4. the coaxial window construction of a kind of wideband high-power as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the characteristic impedance that described coaxial inner conductor radius is corresponding with outer conductor inside radius is standard coaxial line impedence.
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| CN201510598420.9A CN105225907B (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2015-09-18 | A kind of coaxial window construction of wideband high-power |
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| CN105225907A true CN105225907A (en) | 2016-01-06 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108156744A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-12 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | The power input coupler of double hot window types |
| CN109742005A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-10 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of coaxial delivery of energy window suitable for wideband high-power |
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| CN203588965U (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-05-07 | 南京三乐电子信息产业集团有限公司 | Space traveling wave tube power transmission device with high reliability and high power capacity |
| CN104037473A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-09-10 | 电子科技大学 | Novel ultra wide band box type output window |
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2015
- 2015-09-18 CN CN201510598420.9A patent/CN105225907B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203588965U (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-05-07 | 南京三乐电子信息产业集团有限公司 | Space traveling wave tube power transmission device with high reliability and high power capacity |
| CN104037473A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-09-10 | 电子科技大学 | Novel ultra wide band box type output window |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| H.MATSUMOTO.ET: "A NEW DESIGN FOR A SUPER-CONDUCTING CAVITY INPUT COUPLER", 《PROCEEDINGS OF 2005 PARTICLE ACCELERATOR CONFERENCE》 * |
| X.HANUS.ET: "Coaxial TW Window for Power Couplers and Multipactor Considerations", 《PROCEEDINGS OF 1995 WORKSHOP ON RF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108156744A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-12 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | The power input coupler of double hot window types |
| CN109742005A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-10 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of coaxial delivery of energy window suitable for wideband high-power |
| CN109742005B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-06-12 | 电子科技大学 | Coaxial energy transmission window suitable for broadband high power |
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| CN105225907B (en) | 2018-02-13 |
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