CN104037473A - Novel ultra wide band box type output window - Google Patents

Novel ultra wide band box type output window Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104037473A
CN104037473A CN201410249460.8A CN201410249460A CN104037473A CN 104037473 A CN104037473 A CN 104037473A CN 201410249460 A CN201410249460 A CN 201410249460A CN 104037473 A CN104037473 A CN 104037473A
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waveguide
box type
output window
type output
window
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CN201410249460.8A
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CN104037473B (en
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王建勋
郑源
罗勇
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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Abstract

The invention provides a novel ultra wide band box type output window which is used for solving the problem that the existing box type output window is narrow in relative working band width. The ultra wide band box type output window comprises a rectangular waveguide, a round waveguide and a round medium window piece welded in the middle of the round waveguide in a sealing mode. Two ends of the round waveguide are connected the rectangular waveguide, and the rectangular waveguide is connected right in the middle of the section of the round waveguide. The novel ultra wide band box type output window is characterized in that the round waveguide is a similar O-shaped waveguide, the length is 0.25*sigma, and sigma is TE11 waveguide wavelength. The novel ultra wide band box type output window adopts the mixed mode transmission of TE11 and TM11, the working bandwidth is effectively expanded to 45%, and drifting of a center frequency point is effectively avoided. The similar O-shaped round waveguide effectively improves the transmission mode purity and further optimizes the transmission characteristic parameters of the box type output window. The box type output window is compact in structure and good in air tightness, has high power capacity, still has good transmission performance under certain machining errors and reduces machining difficulty.

Description

Novel ultrabroad band box type output window
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave electron tube field, relate to a kind of output device for microwave vacuum pipe, be specially a kind of novel ultrabroad band box type output window.
Background technology
Microwave electron tube is the device that power conversion that the electron institute of motion is in a vacuum carried becomes microwave energy.Electron gun produces electron beam, and electron beam interacts with radio-frequency field under vacuum environment, and electronic kinetic energy is changed into high-frequency energy.In order to ensure the vacuum environment of device, must use window to realize the isolation between high vacuum state in atmosphere outside and microwave tube.
High-power output window is the critical component of HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES electron tube, accelerator and other HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES electronic systems, and its quality often determines the success or failure of microwave device development.High-power output window has various ways, and now widely used microwave output window has box type window, rectangular window, ladder window, coaxial window, many windows window etc.
At present, in HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES electron tube, particularly broadband electron tube, use and the most generally work in round TE 11the box type output window of pattern.Tradition box type output window structure as shown in Figure 1, comprises rectangular waveguide, circular waveguide and the seal welding circular dielectric disk in window in the middle of circular waveguide, and wherein circular waveguide two ends connect respectively the middle that rectangular waveguide, rectangular waveguide are connected in circular waveguide cross section.Due to the difference of window and permittivity of vacuum, traditional box type window is used TE 11single mode transport, is difficult to obtain wide band transmission characteristic, and its relative bandwidth generally only has 20%～30%; Meanwhile, when operating frequency increases, it is very thin that the thickness of window becomes, and causes the power capacity that box type output window can bear to reduce, and can cause centre frequency to drift about.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel ultrabroad band box type output window, for overcoming the narrow problem of the relative bandwidth of operation of existing box type output window.This box type output window adopts TE 11and TM 11mixed mode transmissions, effectively widen its bandwidth of operation to 45%, and effectively avoid its center frequency point to drift about.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: novel ultrabroad band box type output window, comprise rectangular waveguide, circular waveguide and the seal welding circular dielectric disk in window in the middle of the circular waveguide, wherein circular waveguide two ends connect respectively the middle that rectangular waveguide, rectangular waveguide are connected in circular waveguide circular section; It is characterized in that, described circular waveguide is class 0 type circular waveguide, and its length is that 0.25 λ, λ are TE 11guide wavelength.
Further, the minor axis length of described class 0 type circular waveguide equals the length of rectangular waveguide square-section.
Further, described class 0 type circular waveguide is elliptic waveguide.
Preferably, described circular dielectric disk in window is the circular dielectric disk in window of sapphire.
Novel ultrabroad band box type output window provided by the invention, in its structure, compressing circular waveguide length is that (λ is TE to 0.25 λ 11guide wavelength), at TE 11transmission mode is introduced TM outward 11transmission mode, realizes TE 11and TM 11mixed mode transmissions, effectively widen its working band width; And the total center frequency point of two kinds of patterns, in more rational position, is effectively avoided the drift of center frequency point.But TM 11the introducing of transmission mode inevitably can be introduced more high order parasitic mode, the present invention adopts class 0 type circular waveguide, in the situation that do not disturb the structure of the field distribution of transmission mode to destroy the field distribution of higher modes simultaneously, make box type output window there is good transmission characteristic parameter.
To sum up, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. the present invention adopts TE 11and TM 11mixed mode transmissions, widened high frequency bandwidth, meet the transmission coefficient s in 40% relative bandwidth 21>=0.18dB and reflection coefficient application demand;
2. box type output window of the present invention adopts class 0 type circular waveguide, has effectively improved transmission mode purity, has further optimized box type output window transmission characteristic parameter.
Box type output window compact conformation of the present invention, air-tightness good, there is larger power capacity, under certain mismachining tolerance, still there is good transmission performance, reduced difficulty of processing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is traditional box type output window structural representation, and wherein 1 is that rectangular waveguide, 2 is that circular dielectric disk in window, 3 is circular waveguide.
Fig. 2 is the Circular waveguides schematic diagram of traditional box type output window.
Fig. 3 is box type output window structural representation of the present invention, and wherein 1 is that rectangular waveguide, 2 is that the circular dielectric disk in window of sapphire, 3 is class 0 type circular waveguide.
Fig. 4 is box type output window class 0 type Circular waveguides schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is box type output window rectangular waveguide of the present invention and class 0 type circular waveguide junction schematic cross-section.
Fig. 6 is box type output window actual measurement S Parameter Map in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the maximum field value schematic diagram of each Frequency point of box type output window in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For convenience of description; at this, adopted 36～52GHz box type output window to be elaborated to novel ultra broadband box type output window structure of the present invention; but; protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; based on other frequency ranges of the present invention; in the technical scope that other mixed mode transmissions and any people who is familiar with this technology disclose in the present invention, the variation that can expect or replacement, all should be encompassed in of the present invention comprise scope within.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claims.
As shown in Figure 1, this structure has comprised rectangular waveguide 1, circular waveguide 3 and dielectric disk in window 2 to traditional box type output window structure; Wherein rectangular waveguide general selection standard rectangular waveguide BJ400 or BJ200; Employing radius is the standard round waveguide that 3.2mm, length are 2.35mm, as shown in Figure 2; Dielectric disk in window is used sapphire material to be made, and its thickness is that 0.2mm, radius are 4mm (being slightly larger than the radius of the circular waveguide being attached thereto so that welding).This traditional box type window adopts single mode transport: the TE in the rectangular waveguide of common box type window 10mode Coupling goes out TE in circular waveguide 11pattern, TE 11through window, at another circular waveguide and rectangular waveguide junction, be again converted into TE 10pattern, completes the transmitting procedure of electromagnetic wave in box type window.The effective bandwidth that adopts this mode to meet in processing and working strength situation at the thickness that guarantees window is 20%～30%.
The novel ultrabroad band box type output window that the present embodiment provides, its structure as shown in Figure 3, comprise rectangular waveguide 1, circular waveguide 3 and the seal welding circular dielectric disk in window 2 in the middle of the circular waveguide, wherein circular waveguide two ends connect respectively the middle that rectangular waveguide, rectangular waveguide are connected in circular waveguide circular section; It is characterized in that, described circular waveguide is class 0 type circular waveguide, and its length is that 0.25 λ, λ are TE 11guide wavelength.Wherein, circular dielectric disk in window 1 for pyroconductivity be 23.1W/m*C, thermal deformation coefficient is 8e-006M/C, the circular dielectric disk in window of sapphire that Young's modulus is 690000000000N/m2, its radius is 4.1mm, thickness is 0.21mm; Rectangular waveguide adopts standard rectangular waveguide BJ400; Class 0 type circular waveguide is made by high purity oxygen free copper, and waveguide length is 1.06mm; Class 0 type circular waveguide major axis is 3.2mm, and class 0 type circular waveguide minor axis length equals the length of rectangular waveguide square-section and is positioned on the symmetry axis parallel with appearance of square-section; Rectangular waveguide and class 0 type circular waveguide junction schematic cross-section are as shown in Figure 5.The part that the radius of sapphire dielectric disk in window is slightly larger than circular waveguide radius is for convenient welding Monel ring.
The present embodiment is compressed to 1.2mm by the length of circular waveguide from 2.4mm, makes the TE of rectangular waveguide 11pattern can be coupled out TM at circular waveguide the high-end of transmission band 11transmission mode, completes electromagnetic wave in the transmission of box type output window circular waveguide section, has expanded the transmission bandwidth of box type output window.But such change can make transmission band low side introduce less desirable other higher-order of oscillation patterns in box type window, their existence can affect the propagation characteristic parameter of box type window and disturb the normal work of box type window, therefore needs to eliminate.The present invention has adopted class 0 type circular waveguide as shown in Figure 4, to transmission mode TE 11and TM 11affect in very little situation and greatly suppressed high order parasitic mode, guaranteed that box type output window has good transmission characteristic parameter at full transmission band.
The novel ultrabroad band box type output window providing in the present embodiment, in 36GHz-46GHz frequency range with TE 11pattern is transmission mode, at 46GHz～50GHz, adopts TE 11and TM 11mixed mode be transmission mode, and TM 11the main mould of transmission when pattern is 50～52GHz.Be illustrated in figure 6 the S parameter testing result figure of mixed mode transmissions, the reflection coefficient S of box type window in the band limits of 36～52GHz 11all can be less than-18dB, widen the high frequency bandwidth of box type output window, optimize transmission characteristic.
In order to guarantee that the designed mixed mode output window of the present invention can effectively carry out HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES transmission and have certain reliability, novel box type window is carried out to power capacity analysis and heat analysis below.
In engineering application, the thickness of window is an important index.Because if window thickness is excessively thin, window may be can't stand that excessive thermal stress is breakdown or burst because holding; And blocked up, can greatly increase reflection again.Take through-put power 10KW as example, the power capacity of box type window is analyzed.With respect to the box type window of single mode transport, the present embodiment is owing to introducing mixed mode transmissions by the length of compression circular waveguide, so may exist the electric field of mixed mode to surpass the situation of the puncture voltage 30KV/cm of air.In order to guarantee that designed box type window can meet certain power capacity, the present invention has analyzed the maximum field value of each frequency in box type window, as shown in Figure 7.Can find out: in box type window of the present invention, maximum field is all less than 30KV/cm, so the geometric space of design can hold enough power capacities by following formula:
P br = 0.6 * ad * 1 - ( 1 2 a ) 2 ( MW )
Calculate: P br=0.025 (MW)=25 (KW)
Owing to existing, reflection and internal field are inhomogeneous, through experience power capacity: P ≈ 1/2*P br=12.5 (KW) are so the new flask type window of this patent design can meet the requirement of transmission 10KW power.
The present invention simultaneously adopts sapphire material as circular dielectric disk in window, and its pyroconductivity is 23.1W/m*C, and thermal deformation coefficient is 8e-006M/C, and Young's modulus is 690000000000N/m2.By Poisson's equation Analysis of programming known power be the Temperature Distribution of window under 10KW condition within safe range, guarantee the steady operation of box type output window.

Claims (4)

1. novel ultrabroad band box type output window, comprises rectangular waveguide, circular waveguide and the seal welding circular dielectric disk in window in the middle of circular waveguide, and wherein circular waveguide two ends connect respectively the middle that rectangular waveguide, rectangular waveguide are connected in circular waveguide circular section; It is characterized in that, described circular waveguide is class 0 type circular waveguide, and its length is that 0.25 λ, λ are TE 11guide wavelength.
2. by novel ultrabroad band box type output window described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the minor axis length of described class 0 type circular waveguide equals the length of rectangular waveguide square-section.
3. by novel ultrabroad band box type output window described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described class 0 type circular waveguide is elliptic waveguide.
4. by novel ultrabroad band box type output window described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described circular dielectric disk in window is the circular dielectric disk in window of sapphire.
CN201410249460.8A 2014-06-06 2014-06-06 New ultrabroad band cell type output window Active CN104037473B (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104465274A (en) * 2014-12-04 2015-03-25 电子科技大学 Novel broadband high-average-power air cooling structure output window
CN104979145A (en) * 2015-05-14 2015-10-14 电子科技大学 Designing method of millimeter wave varied box type window
CN105225907A (en) * 2015-09-18 2016-01-06 电子科技大学 The coaxial window construction of a kind of wideband high-power
CN105489975A (en) * 2016-02-02 2016-04-13 中国科学院电子学研究所 Microwave output window and manufacturing method thereof
CN108242581A (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-07-03 核工业西南物理研究院 Based on sapphire pulse HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES transmissive window
CN113066710A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-07-02 东南大学 Metamaterial structure for energy transmission window

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104465274A (en) * 2014-12-04 2015-03-25 电子科技大学 Novel broadband high-average-power air cooling structure output window
CN104979145A (en) * 2015-05-14 2015-10-14 电子科技大学 Designing method of millimeter wave varied box type window
CN104979145B (en) * 2015-05-14 2017-01-25 电子科技大学 Designing method of millimeter wave varied box type window
CN105225907A (en) * 2015-09-18 2016-01-06 电子科技大学 The coaxial window construction of a kind of wideband high-power
CN105225907B (en) * 2015-09-18 2018-02-13 电子科技大学 A kind of coaxial window construction of wideband high-power
CN105489975A (en) * 2016-02-02 2016-04-13 中国科学院电子学研究所 Microwave output window and manufacturing method thereof
CN108242581A (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-07-03 核工业西南物理研究院 Based on sapphire pulse HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES transmissive window
CN113066710A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-07-02 东南大学 Metamaterial structure for energy transmission window
CN113066710B (en) * 2021-03-24 2023-08-08 东南大学 Metamaterial structure for energy transmission window

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