CN105223515A - A kind of lithium-ion-power cell charge state estimation method - Google Patents

A kind of lithium-ion-power cell charge state estimation method Download PDF

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CN105223515A
CN105223515A CN201510669746.6A CN201510669746A CN105223515A CN 105223515 A CN105223515 A CN 105223515A CN 201510669746 A CN201510669746 A CN 201510669746A CN 105223515 A CN105223515 A CN 105223515A
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ion
lithium
power cell
charge
vehicle
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刘海洋
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FAW Group Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of lithium-ion-power cell charge state estimation method, it is according to vehicle lithium-ion-power cell condition selecting corresponding lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge modification method: method one: if vehicle leaves standstill and leave standstill more than 2 hours, then utilize the vehicle monomer voltage that powers on to carry out the correction of lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge: vehicle lithium-ion-power cell leave standstill more than 2 hours and above time, now vehicle powers on, the monomer voltage signal that battery management system gathers is close to open circuit (OCV value) magnitude of voltage of monomer, this magnitude of voltage is utilized to carry out the correction of battery charge state, method two: if lithium-ion-power cell enters charging flow, the monomer voltage in charging overshoot is then utilized to carry out the correction of lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge: in charging set charging process, utilize the cell voltage value correction battery charge state of battery management system Real-time Collection, require that charging current is less than 1/7th of battery capacity.

Description

A kind of lithium-ion-power cell charge state estimation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge (SOC) evaluation method of a kind of plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV) and pure electric automobile (EV), also can be applied to the lithium-ion-power cell new-energy automobile of other type, belong to new-energy automobile power battery management system (BMS) technical field.
Background technology
Recent years, lithium-ion-power cell, at hybrid vehicle (HEV), achieves widespread use in plug-in hybrid vehicle and pure electric automobile.Because lithium-ion-power cell monomer voltage exists platform area (particularly the lithium-ion-power cell monomer of LiFePO4 type), and the complicated service condition of automobile, therefore lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge estimation, being one of battery management system Core Feature, is also one of battery management system exploitation difficult point.Accurate, stable lithium-ion-power cell charge state estimation method is provided, for raising present battery management system performance and new-energy automobile power battery industrialization, there is huge impetus, considerable economic benefit will be produced.
At present both at home and abroad large quantity research has done to the estimation of lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge in car load enterprise, lithium battery company, scientific research institutions, and the method generally adopted in current paper and patent comprises: AH integration method, open-circuit voltage modification method, Kalman filtering modification method.
After the present invention adopts vehicle to leave standstill certain hour (require leave standstill 2 hours and more than), when vehicle powers on, battery management system gathers the monomer voltage correction SOC method in initial monomer voltage correction SOC method and charging set charging process, is applicable to plug-in hybrid-power automobile and the pure electric automobile with charge function.Vehicle leave standstill certain hour (require leave standstill 2 hours and more than, this time can be different according to battery behavior, new time value is determined by monomer assays) after, utilize the initial monomer voltage correction SOC method gathered also to be applicable to HEV automobile when vehicle powers on.The research that current profit carries out the estimation of lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge in this way have not been reported.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of lithium-ion-power cell charge state estimation method, its strong adaptability, fully can meet the requirement of lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge estimation precision.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of lithium-ion-power cell charge state estimation method, comprises the following steps:
Step one, battery management system initialization, judge vehicle lithium-ion-power cell state;
Step 2, according to vehicle lithium-ion-power cell condition selecting corresponding lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge modification method:
Method one: if vehicle leaves standstill and leave standstill more than 2 hours, then utilize the vehicle monomer voltage that powers on to carry out the correction of lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge: vehicle lithium-ion-power cell leave standstill more than 2 hours and above time, now vehicle powers on, the monomer voltage signal that battery management system gathers, close to open circuit (OCV value) magnitude of voltage of monomer, utilizes this magnitude of voltage to carry out the correction of battery charge state;
Method two: if lithium-ion-power cell enters charging flow, the monomer voltage in charging overshoot is then utilized to carry out the correction of lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge: in charging set charging process, utilize the cell voltage value correction battery charge state of battery management system Real-time Collection, this method is only applicable to low current charge situation, be not suitable for rapid charge process, require that charging current is less than 1/7th of battery capacity;
If when vehicle is in driving process or does not meet in above-mentioned two kinds of modification methods any one correction conditions, directly enter step 3;
Step 3, AH integral method is utilized to calculate lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge in real time.
The present invention adopts the synthesis of method one and method two to carry out power battery charged state estimation; To the correction conditions of state-of-charge, revise data, verification experimental verification has done omnibearing analysis, has good effect and actual promotional value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge estimation of the present invention overall flow block diagram.
The operating mode electric current of the measurement condition 1 (25% ~ 70%SOC) that state-of-charge accuracy test is used in Fig. 2 the present invention.
The operating mode electric current of the measurement condition 2 (15%SOC) that state-of-charge accuracy test is used in Fig. 3 the present invention.
Fig. 4 lithium ion battery single order electric model.
Embodiment
A kind of lithium-ion-power cell charge state estimation method provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
Step one, battery management system initialization, judge vehicle lithium-ion-power cell state;
Step 2, according to vehicle lithium-ion-power cell condition selecting corresponding lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge modification method:
Method one: if vehicle leaves standstill and leave standstill more than 2 hours, then utilize the vehicle monomer voltage that powers on to carry out the correction of lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge: vehicle lithium-ion-power cell leave standstill more than 2 hours and above time, now vehicle powers on, the monomer voltage signal that battery management system gathers, close to open circuit (OCV value) magnitude of voltage of monomer, utilizes this magnitude of voltage to carry out the correction of battery charge state;
Method two: if lithium-ion-power cell enters charging flow, the monomer voltage in charging overshoot is then utilized to carry out the correction of lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge: in charging set charging process, utilize the cell voltage value correction battery charge state of battery management system Real-time Collection, require that charging current is less than 1/7th of battery capacity;
If when vehicle is in driving process or does not meet the correction conditions of above-mentioned two kinds of modification methods, directly enter step 3;
Step 3, AH integral method is utilized to calculate lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge in real time.
Core concept of the present invention be standing 2 hours (this time needs to re-start test according to different monomers character and determines) and above time, utilize the magnitude of voltage correction battery charge state gathered in battery management system initialization procedure, labor is carried out to its theoretical foundation below.
The first, when electrokinetic cell leave standstill reach 2 hours and above time, the accumulation ion caused in charge and discharge process can progressively spread, and reaches ionic equilibrium state.The second, testing by burying temperature sensor in monomer underground, leaving standstill after 1.5 hours, temperature return in monomer is to consistent with environment temperature, under steady temperature and state-of-charge, the lithium-ion battery monomer single order electric model of composition graphs 4, the resistance in Fig. 4 and electric capacity are similar to be thought for steady state value; From Q (t) computing formula in formula (1), when t=5RC (5RC approximates greatly 100 seconds), the capacitance voltage in Fig. 4 can reach more than 99% of steady state voltage value, and now capacity effect is approximate can ignore.In conjunction with above two reasons, select herein to leave standstill 2 hours and above time carry out power battery charged state correction there is good theoretical foundation.
Q(t)=Q0e-t/RC+e-t/RC∫iet/RCdt(1)
The present invention has researched and developed lithium-ion-power cell charge state estimation method, and its global design flow process as shown in Figure 1.The present invention only studies for the SOC modification method in Fig. 1, does not study AH integration method.One be vehicle time of repose reach 2 hours and above time, when vehicle powers on battery management system gather monomer voltage signal close to open circuit (OCV value) magnitude of voltage of monomer, utilize this magnitude of voltage to carry out the correction of battery charge state; Two is in charging set charging process, when SOC is greater than 80%, utilizes battery management system to gather the method for monomer voltage correction SOC.
One. utilize battery management system to gather monomer voltage correction SOC method when vehicle powers on after leaving standstill
A company plug-in hybrid power car power battery charged state adopts AH integration method to calculate state-of-charge in vehicle travel process, if but only utilize AH integral method, due to A company electrokinetic cell current sample error be≤± 2.5%, vehicle travels through long-time, the cumulative errors of state-of-charge can be caused, the requirement of car load to SOC cannot be met.A company plug-in hybrid power car carries out bench test according to NEDC operating mode, after within 8 hours, stand Operation mode cycle terminates, the state-of-charge cumulative errors that its AH integration method causes reaches ± and 6%, if for up to more than one day, can accumulate more big error, the correction evaluation method therefore carrying out state-of-charge is very necessary.
No matter be open-circuit voltage correction power battery charged state method at present, or Kalman filtering correction power battery charged state method all expects open-circuit voltage values accurately, utilize the corresponding relation between open-circuit voltage values and state-of-charge to obtain high-precision state-of-charge estimated value, therefore obtain open-circuit voltage values accurately, for accurate estimation power battery charged state, there is decisive role.
This method is exactly to obtain open-circuit voltage values.When vehicle time of repose reaches 2 hours and be above, when vehicle powers on, the monomer voltage of battery management system collection is approximately equal to open-circuit voltage values.This method is in conjunction with the actual service condition of vehicle (A company new-energy automobile is in the demonstrating running project in certain city of China), and namely in most cases vehicle can meet the requirement of standing 2 hours every day; And the voltage characteristic of lithium ion battery, namely reach 2 hours and above time, the voltage of battery cell enters steady state (SS); Now vehicle powers on, at BMS initial phase, when electrokinetic cell electric current is 0 ampere, BMS gathers each monomer voltage in electrokinetic cell, then calculate the mean value of electrokinetic cell monomer voltage, utilize this battery cell average voltage, table look-up 1 (when monomer changes, table 1 data need to be redeterminated by test) in monomer voltage and state-of-charge corresponding relation collection of illustrative plates, obtain the state-of-charge modified value of correspondence.
Table 1
Sequence number Cell voltage value/mv Target SOC value
1 >3342 100
2 ∈(3335,3342] 90
3 ∈(3325,3335] 80
4 ∈(3314,3325] 70
5 ∈(3307,3314] 65
6 ∈(3295,3307] 60
7 ∈(3287,3295] 50
8 ∈(3276,3287] 35
9 ∈(3262,3276] 30
10 ∈(3241,3262] 25
11 ∈(3222,3241] 20
12 ∈(3213,3222] 15
13 ∈(3203,3213] 10
14 ∈(2998,3203] 5
15 ≤32998 0.5
AH integration is utilized to calculate power battery charged state in real time in vehicle travel process and when not meeting correction conditions; When utilization after meeting vehicle and leaving standstill powers on monomer voltage correction SOC, carry out corresponding correction.Both combine, and can ensure that the electrokinetic cell monomer state-of-charge of LiFePO4 type is in ± 6% accuracy rating, meets the requirement of vehicle and battery management system.It should be noted that and utilize this method to need the monomer voltage sampling precision of battery management system to reach≤± 2mV.
Two. utilize battery management system to gather monomer voltage correction SOC method in charging set charging process
For plug-in hybrid power and pure electric automobile, this method is supplementing method one.
Plug-in hybrid vehicle and pure electric automobile all have charging set charge function, the correction reason of carrying out power battery charged state when the present invention considers that charging set charges has following 2 points: first, when battery assembly state-of-charge is greater than 80%, monomer whose open-circuit voltage values enlarges markedly with SOC value rate of change, and this creates condition for correction; Its charging battery electric current of the plug-in hybrid vehicle of the second, A company is 1/7th of battery capacity, belongs to low current charge.
Because ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer is little in the change of platform area monomer voltage, for preventing occurring corrective action by mistake in platform area, the present invention selectes state-of-charge correction when charging when power battery charged state is greater than 80%; And selected SOC is 80%, 85%, 90% these three discrete state-of-charge points carry out the correction of electrokinetic cell monomer voltage and state-of-charge.
Utilizing monomer charge and discharge testing of equipment to go out SOC is 80%, 85%, 90% 3 point, different temperatures, cell voltage value time different charging current (≤5A).And these data are stored in battery management system, battery management system utilize Real-time Collection to monomer voltage table look-up, when the cell voltage value of Real-time Collection is equal with the table look-up different temperatures, electric current, the monomer voltage under state-of-charge that obtain, power battery charged state is adapted to value corresponding in 80%, 85%, 90%.
Three. test result
Charge state estimation method of the present invention has been applied in the power battery management system of A company plug-in hybrid vehicle at present.Before vehicle application, carried out the bench test of electrokinetic cell assembly state-of-charge precision, test is divided into SOC=15%, 25%, 35%, 50%, 70% 5 starting condition, utilizes Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and NEDC tri-operating modes to carry out loop test.
The consistance of pretest inspection electrokinetic cell monomer, application claims electrokinetic cell monomer leave standstill 7 days and above time voltage difference≤4mV.Utilize the SOC initial value of DIGATRON charge and discharge equipment motivation of adjustment battery assembly, adjust to SOC=15% respectively, 25%, 35%, 50%, 70%, then carry out 24 Operation mode cycles to each SOC point, state of cyclic operation is shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and NEDC operating mode.After circulation completes, battery assembly is left standstill more than 2 hours, the SOC value that record battery management system reports.After having recorded, battery assembly is discharged into cutoff voltage value and carries out capacity check, obtain the state-of-charge estimation error result in table 2.
Table 2
Can be found out by the test result of table 2, the state-of-charge estimation modification method of the present invention's exploitation, be applied to the electrokinetic cell of the plug-in hybrid power LiFePO4 type of A company, its power battery charged state estimation precision can reach≤and ± 6%, meet the plug-in motor vehicle driven by mixed power request for utilization of the estimation precision requirement of lithium iron phosphate dynamic battery state-of-charge and A company.

Claims (1)

1. a lithium-ion-power cell charge state estimation method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step one, battery management system initialization, judge vehicle lithium-ion-power cell state;
Step 2, according to vehicle lithium-ion-power cell condition selecting corresponding lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge modification method:
Method one: if vehicle leaves standstill and leave standstill more than 2 hours, then utilize the vehicle monomer voltage that powers on to carry out the correction of lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge: vehicle lithium-ion-power cell leave standstill more than 2 hours and above time, now vehicle powers on, the monomer voltage signal that battery management system gathers, close to the open-circuit voltage values of monomer, utilizes this magnitude of voltage to carry out the correction of battery charge state;
Method two: if lithium-ion-power cell enters charging flow, the monomer voltage in charging overshoot is then utilized to carry out the correction of lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge: in charging set charging process, utilize the cell voltage value correction battery charge state of battery management system Real-time Collection, require that charging current is less than 1/7th of battery capacity;
If when vehicle is in driving process or does not meet in above-mentioned two kinds of modification methods any one correction conditions, directly enter step 3;
Step 3, AH integral method is utilized to calculate lithium-ion-power cell state-of-charge in real time.
CN201510669746.6A 2015-10-13 2015-10-13 A kind of lithium-ion-power cell charge state estimation method Pending CN105223515A (en)

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Cited By (11)

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CN106443459A (en) * 2016-09-06 2017-02-22 中国第汽车股份有限公司 Evaluation method of state of charge of vehicle lithium ion power battery
CN106585396A (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-04-26 上海理工大学 Redundancy active monitoring electric automobile charging charger control method
CN107656209A (en) * 2017-08-25 2018-02-02 北京智行鸿远汽车有限公司 The battery SOC display methods and system of a kind of electric automobile
CN108107374A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-06-01 北京传嘉科技有限公司 The battery power quantity display method and device of terminal device
CN110015192A (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-07-16 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 A kind of fuel cell hybrid system, power supply unit and charge control method
CN110531274A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-12-03 江西优特汽车技术有限公司 A kind of power battery SOC Prediction System and method
CN111487537A (en) * 2020-05-29 2020-08-04 重庆金康新能源汽车有限公司 Method and system for modifying state of charge estimation
CN111505505A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-07 东风汽车有限公司 Lithium battery state of charge calculation and correction method for hybrid power system and electronic equipment
CN113419185A (en) * 2021-06-22 2021-09-21 盛德东南(福建)新能源科技有限公司 Monomer capacity detection method and system for lithium ion power storage battery
CN114089207A (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-02-25 北京国家新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 Battery capacity feature extraction method

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CN106154175B (en) * 2016-06-29 2018-11-06 成都雅骏新能源汽车科技股份有限公司 Rechargeable battery state-of-charge estimating system based on dynamic differential pressure and workflow
CN106154175A (en) * 2016-06-29 2016-11-23 成都雅骏新能源汽车科技股份有限公司 Rechargeable battery state-of-charge estimating system and workflow based on dynamic differential pressure
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CN110015192A (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-07-16 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 A kind of fuel cell hybrid system, power supply unit and charge control method
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CN108107374A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-06-01 北京传嘉科技有限公司 The battery power quantity display method and device of terminal device
CN110531274A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-12-03 江西优特汽车技术有限公司 A kind of power battery SOC Prediction System and method
CN111505505A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-07 东风汽车有限公司 Lithium battery state of charge calculation and correction method for hybrid power system and electronic equipment
CN111487537A (en) * 2020-05-29 2020-08-04 重庆金康新能源汽车有限公司 Method and system for modifying state of charge estimation
CN111487537B (en) * 2020-05-29 2022-05-27 重庆金康新能源汽车有限公司 Method and system for modifying state of charge estimation
CN113419185A (en) * 2021-06-22 2021-09-21 盛德东南(福建)新能源科技有限公司 Monomer capacity detection method and system for lithium ion power storage battery
CN113419185B (en) * 2021-06-22 2024-02-02 盛德东南(福建)新能源科技有限公司 Method and system for detecting monomer capacity of lithium ion power storage battery
CN114089207A (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-02-25 北京国家新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 Battery capacity feature extraction method

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Application publication date: 20160106