CN110015192B - Fuel cell hybrid power system, power supply unit and charging control method - Google Patents
Fuel cell hybrid power system, power supply unit and charging control method Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fuel cell hybrid power system, a power supply unit and a charging control method, wherein the method comprises the following steps of firstly detecting the charge state value of a power cell, and then judging whether the charge state value is greater than a set charge state value: if the charge state value is larger than the set charge state value, controlling the DC/DC between the fuel cell and the power cell to ensure that the fuel cell does not charge the power cell; otherwise, controlling the DC/DC between the fuel cell and the power cell to ensure that the fuel cell charges the power cell by constant current in stages; the stages are divided according to the state of charge value of the power battery, the charging current of each stage is different, and the charging current of the stage with the small state of charge value of the power battery is larger than that of the stage with the large state of charge value of the power battery. The control method is simple, reliable and effective, and the fuel cell does not need to follow the power change of the whole vehicle, so that the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged, the service life of the power cell is ensured, and meanwhile, the energy management strategy of the whole vehicle is simple and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cell automobiles, and particularly relates to a fuel cell hybrid power system, a power supply unit and a charging control method.
Background
In recent years, the problem of environmental pollution has become increasingly serious. In order to cope with global energy shortage, environmental pollution and the like, vigorous development of energy automobiles has been promoted, and more people are looking at fuel cell vehicles with zero emission.
The power system of a fuel cell vehicle is a main sign that the fuel cell vehicle is distinguished from other types of vehicles, including internal combustion engine vehicles, battery electric vehicles, and oil-electric hybrid vehicles. The dynamic characteristics of the fuel cell are difficult to meet the frequent change of the vehicle load, so the fuel cell is not the only power source of the system, and auxiliary power source devices are needed to supplement and improve the system in terms of power output, so as to form a fuel cell hybrid power system, wherein the auxiliary power devices comprise a storage battery and a super capacitor. The fuel cell charges the auxiliary power system, and further the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged to become a hot spot of phase competition.
The hybrid power system of the fuel cell automobile has multiple structural types.
In version 1, both the fuel cell and the auxiliary power unit are connected directly in parallel to the inlet of the motor controller as shown in fig. 1-1.
Version 2, based on version 1, a boost DC/DC converter is used between the fuel cell and the motor controller, as shown in fig. 1-2.
The version 1 may be referred to as a direct fuel cell hybrid system, and the version 2 may be referred to as an indirect fuel cell hybrid system.
The chinese patent application No. 200310103253.3 discloses a power distribution method for a fuel cell hybrid power system, which fully utilizes the steady-state characteristics and the transient characteristics of a power cell of a fuel cell through a power distribution optimization algorithm, but the power of the fuel cell changes along with the power of the whole vehicle, the service life of the fuel cell is difficult to be ensured and prolonged, and the energy management strategy also becomes complicated and difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fuel cell hybrid power system, a power supply unit and a charging control method, which are used for solving the problem of shortened service life of a fuel cell when the power of the fuel cell needs to change along with the power of a whole vehicle in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a charging control method of a power supply unit of a fuel cell hybrid power system, which comprises the following method schemes:
the first method scheme comprises the following steps:
detecting the state of charge value of the power battery, and judging whether the state of charge value is greater than a set state of charge value:
if the charge state value is larger than the set charge state value, controlling a DC/DC converter between the fuel cell and the power cell to ensure that the fuel cell does not charge the power cell;
otherwise, controlling a DC/DC converter between the fuel cell and the power cell to charge the power cell by constant current in stages; the stages are divided according to the state of charge value of the power battery, the charging current of each stage is different, and the charging current of the stage with the small state of charge value of the power battery is larger than that of the stage with the large state of charge value of the power battery.
And in the second method scheme, on the basis of the first method scheme, the stages are divided into three stages according to the state of charge values of the power battery.
In the third method, on the basis of the second method, the three stages are respectively a first stage, a second stage and a third stage, and the charging current is sequentially reduced, so that the relationship between the charging current of each stage and the maximum charging current of each stage is as follows:
and is
Wherein, IaIs the maximum charging current of the first stage, IbIs the maximum charging current of the second stage, IcAnd alpha (t) is the coefficient of the charging current at the moment t, and alpha (t-1) is the coefficient of the charging current at the moment t-1.
And a fourth method scheme is that on the basis of the first method scheme, when the vehicle is in the braking and sliding states, the feedback energy for controlling braking and sliding does not enter the fuel cell and the power cell.
The invention also provides a power supply unit of the fuel cell hybrid power system, which comprises the following power supply unit scheme:
the first power supply unit scheme comprises a fuel cell and a power cell, wherein the fuel cell is in power supply connection with the power cell, a DC/DC converter is connected between the fuel cell and the power cell, and the DC/DC converter is used for enabling the fuel cell not to charge the power cell when the charge state value of the power cell is larger than a set charge state value; otherwise, the fuel cell is charged to the power battery by constant current in stages; the stages are divided according to the state of charge value of the power battery, the charging current of each stage is different, and the charging current of the stage with the small state of charge value of the power battery is larger than that of the stage with the large state of charge value of the power battery.
And in the second power supply unit scheme, on the basis of the first power supply unit scheme, the stage is divided into three stages according to the state of charge value of the power battery.
And on the basis of the second power supply unit scheme, the three stages are respectively a first stage, a second stage and a third stage, and the charging current is reduced in sequence, so that the relationship between the charging current of each stage and the maximum charging current of each stage is as follows:
and is
Wherein, IaIs the maximum charging current of the first stage, IbIs the maximum charging current of the second stage, IcAnd alpha (t) is the coefficient of the charging current at the moment t, and alpha (t-1) is the coefficient of the charging current at the moment t-1.
And a fourth power supply unit scheme, wherein on the basis of the first power supply unit scheme, the power supply system further comprises a diode arranged on a power supply circuit of the power battery, the cathode of the diode is used for being connected with the motor inverter, and the anode of the diode is used for being connected with the fuel battery and the power battery.
The invention also provides a fuel cell hybrid power system, which comprises the following system schemes:
the system comprises a first system scheme and a second system scheme, wherein the first system scheme comprises a power supply unit of a fuel cell hybrid power system connected with a motor inverter, the power supply unit comprises a fuel cell and a power cell, the fuel cell is in power supply connection with the power cell, a DC/DC converter is connected between the fuel cell and the power cell, and the DC/DC converter is used for enabling the fuel cell not to charge the power cell when the charge state value of the power cell is larger than a set charge state value; otherwise, the fuel cell is charged to the power battery by constant current in stages; the stages are divided according to the state of charge value of the power battery, the charging current of each stage is different, and the charging current of the stage with the small state of charge value of the power battery is larger than that of the stage with the large state of charge value of the power battery.
And in the second system scheme, on the basis of the first system scheme, the phases are divided into three phases according to the state of charge values of the power batteries.
In the third system scheme, on the basis of the second system scheme, the three stages are a first stage, a second stage and a third stage respectively, and the charging current is reduced in sequence, so that the relationship between the charging current of each stage and the maximum charging current of each stage is as follows:
and is
Wherein, IaIs the maximum charging current of the first stage, IbIs the maximum charging current of the second stage, IcAnd alpha (t) is the coefficient of the charging current at the moment t, and alpha (t-1) is the coefficient of the charging current at the moment t-1.
And a fourth system scheme is that on the basis of the first system scheme, the system further comprises a diode arranged on a power supply circuit of the power battery, wherein the cathode of the diode is used for being connected with the motor inverter, and the anode of the diode is used for being connected with the fuel battery and the power battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the charging control method of the power supply unit of the fuel cell hybrid power system controls the DC/DC between the fuel cell and the power cell when the state of charge value of the power cell is lower than the set state of charge value, so that the fuel cell charges the power cell by constant current in stages; otherwise, the fuel cell is not charged to the power battery. The control method is simple, reliable and effective, and the power of the fuel cell does not need to change along with the power of the whole vehicle, so that the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged, the service life of the power cell is ensured, and meanwhile, the energy management strategy of the whole vehicle is simple and reliable.
The power supply unit of the fuel cell hybrid power system controls the working mode of the fuel cell by adopting the method, so that the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged, and the whole vehicle energy management strategy of the fuel cell hybrid power system based on the power supply unit is simple and reliable.
The fuel cell hybrid power system adopts the power supply unit of the fuel cell hybrid power system to supply power, and controls the fuel cell to charge the power battery based on the method, so that the power of the fuel cell does not need to change along with the power of the whole vehicle, the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged, and the reliability of the fuel cell hybrid power system is further ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1-1 is a diagram of a fuel cell hybrid system of the type 1;
FIGS. 1-2 are diagrams of a fuel cell hybrid system of the type 2;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the segment allowable charging current of a power cell;
fig. 3 is a control logic diagram of a thermostat.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The method of the present invention is now applied to an indirect fuel cell hybrid system as shown in fig. 1-2.
The auxiliary power device comprises a power battery pack and a super capacitor pack. The fuel cell is connected with a boost DC/DC converter through an electric power main connection wire, the output end of the boost DC/DC converter is connected with the anode of a diode, the cathode of the diode is connected with a motor inverter, and the output end of the motor inverter is connected with a driving motor. And a power battery pack is connected in parallel with an electric power main line between the boosting DC/DC converter and the diode. And a super capacitor bank is connected in parallel with a power main line between the cathode of the diode and the motor inverter.
The terminal voltage of the fuel cell is matched with the voltage level of the system direct current bus by the boosting of the boosting DC/DC converter, the voltage of the system direct current bus and the power output capacity of the fuel cell have no coupling relation, and the boosting DC/DC converter maintains the voltage of the direct current bus at a voltage point or range which is most suitable for the operation of a motor system.
In the system, braking and sliding feedback energy only enters the super battery due to the existence of the one-way diode.
Based on the hybrid system described above, the control logic shown in FIG. 2 is employed.
Detecting the SOC of the power battery pack, and judging whether the value is greater than a set value SOCc：
If the SOC of the power battery pack is larger than the SOCcIf so, controlling the boost DC/DC converter to stop the output of the fuel cell, namely, the charging current I is equal to 0;
if the SOC of the power battery pack is less than or equal to the SOCcAnd controlling the boost DC/DC converter to charge the fuel cell to the power battery pack in a constant current stage by stage, wherein the stages are divided according to the charge state value of the power battery pack, the charging current of each stage is different, and the charging current of the stage with the large charge state value of the power battery pack is larger than that of the stage with the small charge state value of the power battery pack.
Fig. 2 shows a segmented allowable charging current diagram of the power battery pack. In this embodiment, the number of phases is set to 3, specifically:
1) when the SOC of the power battery pack is less than or equal to the SOCaWhen the maximum charging current is equal to Ia；
2) When the SOC of the power battery pack is larger thanSOCaAnd is less than or equal to SOCbWhen the maximum charging current is equal to Ib；
3) When the SOC of the power battery pack is larger than the SOCbAnd is less than or equal to SOCcWhen the maximum charging current is equal to Ic。
As shown in fig. 3, thermostat control logic is provided. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) when the SOC of the power battery pack is less than or equal to the SOCaWhen the thermostat control coefficient α (t) is 1;
2) when the SOC of the power battery pack is larger than the SOCaAnd is less than or equal to SOCcWhen the thermostat control coefficient α (t) is α (t-1);
3) when the SOC of the power battery pack is larger than the SOCcWhen the thermostat control coefficient α (t) is 0.
Namely:
through the setting of the constant temperature control logic, when the electric energy of the fuel cell engine is extracted to charge the power battery pack, the charging current I of the power battery pack is charged by the boost DC/DC converterdcα (t), the specific functional expression is as follows:
the method is adopted to charge the power battery pack, the method is simple and reliable, the fuel cell does not need to change along with the power of the whole vehicle, and only needs to work in a constant current mode in stages through the boosting DC/DC converter, so that the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged.
For α (t), it is actually a set back interval control method, i.e. α (t) has a back interval from 0 to 1 or from 1 to 0, in order to avoid 0 and 1 oscillation.
The invention also provides a power supply unit of the fuel cell hybrid power system, which comprises a fuel cell and a power cell, wherein the fuel cell is connected with the power cell in a power supply manner, a DC/DC converter is connected between the fuel cell and the power cell, and the DC/DC converter is used for enabling the fuel cell not to charge the power cell when the charge state value of the power cell is greater than the set charge state value; otherwise, the fuel cell is charged to the power battery by constant current in stages; the stages are divided according to the state of charge value of the power battery, the charging current of each stage is different, and the charging current of the stage with the small state of charge value of the power battery is larger than that of the stage with the large state of charge value of the power battery.
The invention also provides a fuel cell hybrid power system, which comprises a power supply unit of the fuel cell hybrid power system, wherein the power supply unit is connected with a motor inverter and comprises a fuel cell and a power cell; otherwise, the fuel cell is charged to the power battery by constant current in stages; the stages are divided according to the state of charge value of the power battery, the charging current of each stage is different, and the charging current of the stage with the small state of charge value of the power battery is larger than that of the stage with the large state of charge value of the power battery.
The fuel cell hybrid power system and the power supply system thereof are substantially characterized in that the method described above is adopted, and the power supply unit and the system are not described in detail because the method is described in detail.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for controlling charging of a power supply unit of a fuel cell hybrid system, comprising the steps of:
detecting the state of charge value of the power battery, and judging whether the state of charge value is greater than a set state of charge value:
if the charge state value is larger than the set charge state value, controlling a DC/DC converter between the fuel cell and the power cell to ensure that the fuel cell does not charge the power cell;
otherwise, controlling a DC/DC converter between the fuel cell and the power cell to charge the power cell by constant current in stages; the stages are divided into three stages according to the state of charge value of the power battery, the three stages are respectively a first stage, a second stage and a third stage, the charging current is reduced in sequence, and the relationship between the charging current of each stage and the maximum charging current of each stage is as follows:
and is
Wherein, IaIs the maximum charging current of the first stage, IbIs the maximum charging current of the second stage, IcThe maximum charging current of the third stage, wherein alpha (t) is the coefficient of the charging current at the time t, and alpha (t-1) is the coefficient of the charging current at the time t-1; the α (t) is changed from 0 to 1 or from 1 to 0.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the regenerative energy for controlling braking and coasting is not introduced into the fuel cell and the power cell when the braking and coasting state is established.
3. A power supply unit of a fuel cell hybrid power system comprises a fuel cell and a power cell, wherein the fuel cell is in power supply connection with the power cell, and a DC/DC converter is connected between the fuel cell and the power cell; otherwise, the fuel cell is charged to the power battery by constant current in stages; the stages are divided into three stages according to the state of charge value of the power battery, the three stages are respectively a first stage, a second stage and a third stage, the charging current is reduced in sequence, and the relationship between the charging current of each stage and the maximum charging current of each stage is as follows:
and is
Wherein, IaIs the maximum charging current of the first stage, IbIs the maximum charging current of the second stage, IcThe maximum charging current of the third stage, wherein alpha (t) is the coefficient of the charging current at the time t, and alpha (t-1) is the coefficient of the charging current at the time t-1; the α (t) is changed from 0 to 1 or from 1 to 0.
4. The power unit of a fuel cell hybrid system according to claim 3, further comprising a diode provided on a power supply line of the power cell, the diode having a cathode for connection to the motor inverter and an anode for connection to the fuel cell and the power cell.
5. A fuel cell hybrid power system comprises a power supply unit of the fuel cell hybrid power system, wherein the power supply unit is connected with a motor inverter and comprises a fuel cell and a power cell; otherwise, the fuel cell is charged to the power battery by constant current in stages; the stages are divided into three stages according to the state of charge value of the power battery, the three stages are respectively a first stage, a second stage and a third stage, the charging current is reduced in sequence, and the relationship between the charging current of each stage and the maximum charging current of each stage is as follows:
and is
Wherein, IaIs the maximum charging current of the first stage, IbIs the maximum charging current of the second stage, IcThe maximum charging current of the third stage, wherein alpha (t) is the coefficient of the charging current at the time t, and alpha (t-1) is the coefficient of the charging current at the time t-1; the α (t) is changed from 0 to 1 or from 1 to 0.
6. The fuel cell hybrid system according to claim 5, further comprising a diode disposed on the power supply line of the power cell, the diode having a cathode for connection to the motor inverter and an anode for connection to the fuel cell and the power cell.
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| CN112366769B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2023-07-04 | 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | NiH battery charging control system and method in purging stage |
| CN112977088A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-18 | 陈俊霖 | Control method of fuel cell vehicle |
| CN113733938B (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-08-04 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Power battery charging method, charging system, hybrid power system and train |
| CN115182823B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2023-08-11 | 西安交通大学 | Fuel self-adaptive control system based on ion current signal |
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