CN105280990B - Multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device and its energy management method - Google Patents
Multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device and its energy management method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device and its energy management method.The device includes fuel cell-powered circuit, lithium ion battery current supply circuit, fuel battery power control unit, lithium ion battery power control unit.Compared with prior art, the multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device and its energy management method of the present invention is while the reliable power supply to load is ensured, energy management is carried out to fuel cell and lithium ion battery, improves the service life and safety coefficient of two kinds of batteries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of batteries, more particularly to multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device and its
Energy management method.
Background technology
In recent years, a large amount of uses of the mankind to fossil fuel result in very serious pollution problem, plus coal, oil etc.
The increasingly reduction of fossil energy, global energy shortage become increasingly conspicuous with environmental issue, exploitation and profit of the national governments to new energy
With all paying much attention to, thus research and develop cleaning, the novel energy of environmental protection is of great significance.Hydrogen Energy is a kind of environmentally friendly energy
Source, its emission are generally water, without CO2 and other harmful substances.Fuel cell is exactly to be changed using a kind of energy of Hydrogen Energy
Device, electric energy is converted into by the chemical energy of hydrogen-rich gas.Fuel cell be one kind by electrochemical reaction reactive material
Chemical energy be converted into the power generator of electric energy, since its power generation process is not related to the burning of fuel, thus from Carnot cycle
Limitation, energy conversion efficiency is high, and fuel cell is generally using hydrogen-oxygen as reactive material, also close with power density and energy
The advantages of degree is high, clean and effective, power bracket is wide, in mobile power, household electrical source, field of traffic, distributed power station and submarine
It is with a wide range of applications Deng field.However, when load demand power changes greatly, output characteristic of fuel cell can not expire
Foot loads fast-changing requirement.The shortcomings of softer and power response is slower there are characteristic curve due to fuel cell, no
It is too suitable that directly to the change of vehicle constant power, more frequently power supply use is done in load.
Output of the existing fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power system in fuel cell cascade DC/DC converters
Directly mount Li-ion batteries piles on dc bus, this hybrid power collocation form although reduce to fuel battery power and
The requirement of dynamic property, but lack and preferable energy management and effective pipe to lithium ion battery are carried out to hybrid power system
Reason, so that lithium ion battery charging-discharging cycle is chaotic, reduces the service life and system performance of battery.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device
And its energy management method, while the reliable power supply to load is ensured, energy is carried out to fuel cell and lithium ion battery
Buret is managed, and improves the service life and safety coefficient of two kinds of batteries.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
The present invention provides a kind of multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device, it is characterised in that described
Multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device includes：
Fuel cell-powered circuit, the input terminal in the fuel cell-powered circuit are connected with fuel cell, the fuel
The output terminal in battery powered circuit is connected with load；Electric energy is sent to institute by the fuel cell-powered circuit from the input terminal
State output terminal；
Lithium ion battery current supply circuit, first end and the lithium ionic cell unit phase of the lithium ion battery current supply circuit
Even, its second end is connected with the output terminal parallel connection in the fuel cell-powered circuit, so as to connect the load；The lithium ion
Electric energy is sent to the second end by battery powered circuit under different conditions from the first end, or is transmitted from the second end
To the first end；
The fuel battery power control unit being connected with the fuel cell-powered circuit, for detecting the fuel cell
The state of unit, and produce the first state signal for representing the cell of fuel cell state；And with the lithium ion battery
The lithium ion battery power control unit that current supply circuit is connected, for detecting the state of the lithium ionic cell unit, and produces
Represent the second status signal of the state of the lithium ionic cell unit；
The lithium ion battery power control unit and the fuel battery power control unit are connected with each other, the lithium from
Sub- battery power control unit sends second status signal to the fuel battery power control unit；The fuel electricity
Pond power control unit sends the first state signal to the lithium ion battery power control unit；The fuel cell
Power control unit is passed according to the first state signal and the second status signal control fuel cell-powered circuit
Send to the electric energy of the output terminal；The lithium ion battery power control unit is according to the first state signal and described second
Status signal controls the electric energy power and direction of transfer in the lithium ion battery current supply circuit.
In one embodiment, the multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device further includes：
Light current power supply unit, for absorbing electric energy at the lithium ionic cell unit, and gives the fuel battery power
Control unit and the lithium ion battery power control unit provide light current.
In one embodiment, the fuel cell-powered circuit includes：
DC/DC converters, for the electric energy of the input terminal to be converted to the electric energy of the output terminal；
The first switch being connected between the DC/DC converters and the cell of fuel cell；
The fuel cell current detection circuit being connected between the DC/DC converters and the cell of fuel cell, is used
In the first current signal for producing the electric current for representing to flow through the cell of fuel cell；
The fuel battery voltage detection circuit being connected between the DC/DC converters and the cell of fuel cell, is used
In the first voltage signal for producing the voltage for representing the cell of fuel cell；
The system output voltage detection circuit being connected with the output terminal of the DC/DC converters, for producing described in expression
The tertiary voltage signal of output end voltage,
The fuel battery power control unit is according to first current signal, the first voltage signal and described
Three voltage signals produce the first state signal.
In one embodiment, the lithium ion battery current supply circuit includes：
Two-way DC/DC converters, when the lithium ionic cell unit is in charged state, the two-way DC/DC conversion
Electric energy is sent to the first end by device from the second end, to charge to the lithium ionic cell unit；When the lithium ion
When battery unit is in discharge condition, electric energy is sent to the second end by the two-way DC/DC converters from the first end,
So that the lithium ionic cell unit externally discharges；
The second switch being connected between the two-way DC/DC converters and the lithium ionic cell unit；
The lithium ion battery voltage detection circuit being connected with the lithium ionic cell unit, for detecting the lithium-ion electric
The voltage of pool unit, and second voltage signal is produced according to the voltage of the lithium ionic cell unit；
The lithium ion battery current detection circuit being connected with the lithium ionic cell unit, for detecting the lithium-ion electric
The electric current of pool unit, and the second current signal is produced according to the electric current of the lithium ionic cell unit,
The lithium battery power control unit is according to producing second current signal and the second voltage signal
Second status signal.
In one embodiment, when the first state signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in normal condition and institute
State the second status signal and represent that the lithium ionic cell unit is in under-voltage condition, then the lithium ion battery power control unit
The two-way DC/DC converters are controlled, to charge to the lithium ionic cell unit；Described in being represented when the first state signal
Cell of fuel cell is in normal condition and second status signal represents that the lithium ionic cell unit is in normal condition,
Then the lithium ion battery power control unit controls the second switch, to close the lithium ionic cell unit；When described
First state signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in under-voltage condition and second status signal represents the lithium ion
Battery unit is in normal condition, then the lithium ion battery power control unit controls the two-way DC/DC converters by institute
The electric energy for stating lithium ionic cell unit is sent to the load, to charge for the load.
In one embodiment, when the first state signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in low-pressure state and institute
When stating the second status signal and representing that the lithium ionic cell unit is in low-pressure state, then the lithium ion battery Power Control list
Member controls the second switch to close the lithium ionic cell unit, and fuel battery power control unit control institute
First switch is stated to close the cell of fuel cell.
In one embodiment, when the cell of fuel cell is in the normal condition and works as the cell of fuel cell
Output voltage when being less than predetermined voltage threshold, the fuel battery power control unit reduces accounting for for the DC/DC converters
Empty ratio, to increase the output voltage of the cell of fuel cell；When the cell of fuel cell in the normal condition and
When the output current of the cell of fuel cell is more than predetermined current threshold, the fuel battery power control unit increases institute
The duty cycle of DC/DC converters is stated, to reduce the output current of the cell of fuel cell.
Present invention also offers a kind of multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power energy management method, it is special
Sign is that the multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power energy management method includes：
The state of cell of fuel cell is detected, and produces the first state signal for representing the cell of fuel cell state,
The cell of fuel cell is connected by DC/DC converters with load；
The state of lithium ionic cell unit is detected, and produces the second state letter for representing the lithium ionic cell unit state
Number, the lithium ionic cell unit is connected by two-way DC/DC converters with the load；
When the first state signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in normal condition and second status signal
Represent that the lithium ionic cell unit is in under-voltage condition, then the two-way DC/DC converters are controlled, with to the lithium-ion electric
Pool unit charges；
When the first state signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in normal condition and second status signal
Represent that the lithium ionic cell unit is in normal condition, then the two-way DC/DC converters are controlled, to close the lithium ion
Battery unit；And
When the first state signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in under-voltage condition and second status signal
Represent that the lithium ionic cell unit is in normal condition, then control the two-way DC/DC converters by the lithium ion battery
The electric energy of unit is sent to the load, with for the load supplying.
In one embodiment, the multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power energy management method also wraps
Include：
Detection flows through the first current signal of circuit between the DC/DC converters and the cell of fuel cell；
Detect the first voltage signal of the cell of fuel cell；
Detect the tertiary voltage signal of the output terminal of the DC/DC converters；
First shape is produced according to first current signal, the first voltage signal and the tertiary voltage signal
State signal.
In one embodiment, the multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power energy management method also wraps
Include：
Detection flows through the second electric current letter of circuit between the two-way DC/DC converters and the lithium ionic cell unit
Number；
Detect the second voltage signal of the lithium ionic cell unit；
Second status signal is produced according to second current signal and the second voltage signal.）
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
1. the present invention monitors fuel electricity in real time using fuel battery voltage detection circuit and fuel cell current detection circuit
The output voltage electric current in pond, energy management and the running protection to fuel cell are realized by fuel battery power control unit,
Fuel cell operation is prevented in low pressure or over-current state, in order to avoid irreversible infringement is caused to fuel cell or reduces its work
Performance.
2. the lithium ion battery power control unit in the present invention can monitor the operating parameter of lithium ion battery in real time,
Predict the SOC value of lithium ion battery, can not only realize the overcurrent and low-voltage variation during lithium-ion electric tank discharge, and can realize
Ion battery group automatic charging management, to maintain Li-ion batteries piles SOC dynamic equilibrium in certain a small range, extend lithium from
The service life of sub- battery.
3. the present invention there is efficient DC/DC converters, can by fuel cell output unstable voltage transformation into
The DC voltage of stable loading demand, under the action of energy management strategies, make Li-ion batteries piles as auxiliary power supply and
Power back-off, it is fuel cell-powered to become main power supply mode, be conducive to protect ion battery group, extend making for ion battery group
Use the service life.
4. the present invention energy management apparatus comprehensive as one, has considered the coordination control of total system, has reduced
The complexity and maintenance difficulties of system, improves the stability and reliability of hybrid power system power supply.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show the schematic diagram of hybrid power system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 show multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device according to an embodiment of the invention
Structure chart.
Fig. 3 show multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power energy pipe according to an embodiment of the invention
Manage method flow diagram.
Embodiment
Detailed description will be provided to the embodiment of the present invention below.Although the present invention will combine some embodiments
It is illustrated and illustrates, but should be noted that the present invention is not merely confined to these embodiments.On the contrary, to the present invention
The modification of progress or equivalent substitution, should all cover among scope of the presently claimed invention.
In addition, in order to better illustrate the present invention, numerous details is given in embodiment below.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that without these details, the present invention can equally be implemented.It is right in other example
It is not described in detail in known method, flow, element and circuit, in order to highlight the purport of the present invention.
Fig. 1 show the schematic diagram of hybrid power system 1000 according to an embodiment of the invention.Hybrid power system
1000 include cell of fuel cell 101, lithium ionic cell unit 201, load 301 and multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery
Mixed power plant 10.Multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device 10 and cell of fuel cell 101, lithium from
Sub- battery unit 201 is connected with load 301.Multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device 10 is in fuel cell
Electric energy is transmitted between unit 101, lithium ionic cell unit 201 and load 301.
Fig. 2 show multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device 10 according to an embodiment of the invention
Structure chart.As shown in Fig. 2, multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device 10 includes fuel cell-powered time
Road 100, lithium ion battery current supply circuit 200, light current power supply unit 300, fuel battery power control unit 400 and lithium-ion electric
Pond power control unit 500.The input terminal in fuel cell-powered circuit 100 is connected with cell of fuel cell 101, and fuel cell supplies
The output terminal of electrical circuit 100 is connected with load 301.Electric energy is sent to institute by fuel cell-powered circuit 100 from the input terminal
State output terminal.The first end of lithium ion battery current supply circuit 200 is connected with lithium ionic cell unit 201, its second end and fuel
The output terminal in battery powered circuit 200 is in parallel to be connected, so as to connect load 301.Lithium ion battery current supply circuit 200 is in different shapes
Electric energy is sent to the second end from the first end under state, or the first end is sent to from the second end.
Fuel battery power control unit 400 is connected with fuel cell-powered circuit 100.Fuel battery power control unit
The state of 400 detection cell of fuel cell 101, and produce the first state signal for representing 101 state of cell of fuel cell.Lithium from
Sub- battery power control unit 500 is connected with lithium ion battery current supply circuit 200.Lithium ion battery power control unit 500 is examined
The state of lithium ionic cell unit 201 is surveyed, and produces the second status signal for representing 201 state of lithium ionic cell unit.
Lithium ion battery power control unit 500 and fuel battery power control unit 400 are connected with each other.Lithium ion battery
Power control unit 500 sends second status signal to fuel battery power control unit 400.Fuel battery power control
Unit 400 processed sends the first state signal to lithium ion battery power control unit 500.Fuel battery power control is single
Member 400 is according to the first state signal and second status signal control fuel cell-powered circuit 100 to be sent to
The electric energy of output terminal.Lithium ion battery power control unit 500 is according to the first state signal and second status signal
Control the electric energy power and direction of transfer in lithium ion battery current supply circuit 200.
In one embodiment, multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device 10 further includes light current power supply
Unit 300.Light current power supply unit 300 is connected with lithium ionic cell unit 201.Light current power supply unit 300 is from lithium ion battery list
Electric energy is obtained at member 201, and is provided to fuel battery power control unit 400 and lithium ion battery power control unit 500 weak
Electricity.
In one embodiment, fuel cell-powered circuit 100 includes DC/DC converters 104, electronic switch K1, fuel
Battery current detection circuit 102 and fuel battery voltage detection circuit 103.DC/DC converters 104 are by fuel cell-powered circuit
The electric energy that 100 input terminal voltage is converted to its output terminal is adapted to the voltage loaded.Electronic switch K1 is connected to DC/DC converters
On circuit between 104 and cell of fuel cell 101.Fuel cell current detection circuit 102 is connected to DC/DC converters 104
On circuit between cell of fuel cell 101.Fuel cell current detection circuit 102 produces expression and flows through cell of fuel cell
First current signal of 101 electric current.Fuel battery voltage detection circuit 103 is connected to DC/DC converters 104 and fuel cell
On circuit between unit 101.Fuel battery voltage detection circuit 103 produces the of the voltage for representing cell of fuel cell 101
One voltage signal.System output voltage detection circuit 205 is connected with the output terminal of DC/DC converters 104.System output voltage is examined
Slowdown monitoring circuit 205 produces the tertiary voltage signal for representing fuel cell-powered 100 voltage of circuit.In one embodiment, fuel electricity
Pond power control unit 400 is produced according to first current signal, the first voltage signal and the tertiary voltage signal
The first state signal.Specifically, fuel battery power control unit 400 is according to first current signal and described
One voltage signal calculates the charge state value of cell of fuel cell 101（SOC）, and according to first current signal, described
First voltage signal and the tertiary voltage signal judge the working status of cell of fuel cell 101, are converted by varying DC/DC
Energy management and running protection, its state of the duty cycle realization of device 104 to fuel cell include：Over-pressed, under-voltage and normal shape
State.
In one embodiment, lithium ion battery current supply circuit 200 includes two-way DC/DC converters 204, switch K2, lithium
Ion battery voltage detecting circuit 202 and lithium ion battery current detection circuit 203.Filled when lithium ionic cell unit 201 is in
During electricity condition, electric energy is sent to the first end by two-way DC/DC converters 204 from the second end, with to lithium ion battery
Unit 201 charges；When lithium ionic cell unit 201 is in discharge condition, two-way DC/DC converters 204 are by electric energy from described
First end is sent to the second end, so that the lithium ionic cell unit externally discharges..
Lithium ion battery voltage detection circuit 202 is connected with lithium ionic cell unit 201.Lithium ion battery voltage detection electricity
The voltage of lithium ionic cell unit 201 is detected on road 202, and produces second voltage letter according to the voltage of lithium ionic cell unit 201
Number.Lithium ion battery current detection circuit 203 is connected with lithium ionic cell unit 201.Lithium ion battery current detection circuit 203
The electric current of lithium ionic cell unit 201 is detected, and the second current signal is produced according to the electric current of lithium ionic cell unit 201.Lithium
Battery power control unit 500 produces second state according to second current signal and the second voltage signal to be believed
Number.Specifically, lithium battery power control unit 500 calculates lithium according to second current signal and the second voltage signal
The charge state value of ion battery cell 201（SOC）, and according to the charge state value（SOC）Judge lithium ionic cell unit
201 working status, its state include：Overvoltage, low pressure and normal condition.
In one embodiment, fuel battery power control unit 400 changes DC/DC converters according to first state signal
104 duty cycle, realizes the energy management to fuel cell, such as：, then can closed and disconnected by closing or disconnecting switch K1
The discharge loop of cell of fuel cell 101.
In one embodiment, when the first state signal represents that cell of fuel cell 101 is in normal condition and institute
State the second status signal and represent lithium ionic cell unit 201 when being in under-voltage condition, then lithium ion battery power control unit 500
Two-way DC/DC converters 204 are controlled, to charge to lithium ionic cell unit 500.Specifically, two-way DC/DC converters are made
204 send the output terminal of electric energy from DC/DC converters 104 to lithium ionic cell unit 201, so as to lithium ionic cell unit
201 chargings.During charging, by controlling two-way DC/DC converters 204 to control the charging of lithium ionic cell unit 201
Electric current and charging voltage so that lithium ionic cell unit 201 is in a normal charged state, such as：First constant current is quickly filled
Electricity, then constant pressure carry out constant-voltage charge.
When the first state signal represents that cell of fuel cell 101 is in normal condition and the second status signal table
Show that the lithium ionic cell unit 201 is in normal condition, then 500 controlling switch K2 of lithium ion battery power control unit, with
Close lithium ionic cell unit 201.When the first state signal represents that cell of fuel cell 101 is in under-voltage condition and described
Second status signal represents that lithium ionic cell unit 201 is in normal condition, then lithium ion battery power control unit 500 controls
The electric energy of lithium ionic cell unit 201 is sent to load 301 by two-way DC/DC converters 204, with for the power supply of load 301.
That is, when load demand power is larger, cell of fuel cell 101 is in under-voltage condition, and two-way DC/DC becomes
The output voltage of lithium ion battery is converted to load electricity by parallel operation 204 under the control of lithium ion battery power control unit 500
Pressure, makes lithium ion battery supplying power for outside；When load power demand is normal or smaller, lithium ion battery power control unit 500
Change two-way 204 working method of DC/DC converters, lithium ion battery is in charged state or closed mode.
Fig. 3 show multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power energy pipe according to an embodiment of the invention
Manage method flow diagram 3000.
In step 3001, the state of cell of fuel cell is detected, and produces and represents the cell of fuel cell state
First state signal, the cell of fuel cell are connected by DC/DC converters with load.In one embodiment, detection stream
The first current signal through circuit between the DC/DC converters and the cell of fuel cell；Detect the fuel cell list
The first voltage signal of member；Detect the tertiary voltage signal of the output terminal of the DC/DC converters；Believed according to first electric current
Number, the first voltage signal and the tertiary voltage signal produce the first state signal.
In step 3002, the state of lithium ionic cell unit is detected, and produces and represents the lithium ionic cell unit shape
Second status signal of state, the lithium ionic cell unit are connected by two-way DC/DC converters with the load.In a reality
Apply in example, detection flows through the second current signal of circuit between the two-way DC/DC converters and the lithium ionic cell unit；
Detect the second voltage signal of the lithium ionic cell unit；Produced according to second current signal and the second voltage signal
Raw second status signal.
In step 3003, when the first state signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in normal condition and described
Second status signal represents that the lithium ionic cell unit is in low-pressure state, then the two-way DC/DC converters is controlled, with right
The lithium ionic cell unit charging.In step 3004, when the first state signal is represented at the cell of fuel cell
Represent that the lithium ionic cell unit is in normal condition in normal condition and second status signal, then control described two-way
DC/DC converters, to close the lithium ionic cell unit.In step 3005, when described in first state signal expression
Cell of fuel cell is in under-voltage condition and second status signal represents that the lithium ionic cell unit is in normal condition,
Then control the two-way DC/DC converters that the electric energy of the lithium ionic cell unit is sent to the load, to be born to be described
Load fills power supply.
The workflow of multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device is made below with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3
More detailed description.
After the completion of system installation and debugging, closure switch K2 first, passes through light current power supply unit by Li-ion batteries piles 310
300 provide light current to whole system, after light current power supply is normal, fuel battery power control unit 400 and lithium ion battery work(
Rate control unit 500 starts, and control unit 400 and 500 initializes each controller and operating parameter of whole system first, inspection
The state parameter of examining system each unit；Then DC/DC converters 104, two-way DC/DC converters 204 are started；Then closure is opened
K1 is closed, starting fluid battery unit, by the fuel cell-powered circuit 100 of fuel cell access hybrid power system, system is each
A control unit just enters fully automatic working pattern, external output power.
Fuel cell control unit 400 passes through fuel cell current detection circuit 102 and fuel battery voltage detection circuit
103 constantly detect output voltage, the electric current of cell of fuel cell, judge whether fuel cell enters low pressure or overcurrent protection.When
The output current that fuel cell output voltage is measured less than its permitted minimum output voltage or fuel cell reaches limit value
When, then fuel battery power control circuit reduces the output work of fuel cell by reducing the duty cycles of DC/DC converters 104
Rate, so as to lift the output voltage of fuel cell or reduce its output current；It is more than fuel when measuring fuel cell output voltage
Battery minimum output voltage, then fuel battery power control circuit 400 make by varying the duty cycle of DC/DC converters 104
The voltage of 104 output terminal of DC/DC converters, that is, system output voltage stabilization is in preset value.
Lithium ion battery power control unit 500 can pass through lithium ion battery current detection circuit 203 and lithium-ion electric
Cell voltage detection circuit 202 monitors the voltage and current of lithium ionic cell unit 201 in real time, predicts the SOC value of lithium ion battery,
When measuring SOC value less than the minimum value set, lithium ion battery power control unit 500 changes two-way DC/DC converters 204
Working method, lithium ion battery is in charged state, and Charge Management is carried out to lithium ion battery.Lithium ion battery fills
Fulgurite reason includes two stages, i.e., first carries out constant-current charge, when the voltage of lithium ion battery reaches charge cutoff voltage, then it is right
Lithium ion battery carries out constant-voltage charge；When lithium ion battery charge to SOC value it is higher when, lithium ion battery power control unit
500 change the working method of two-way DC/DC converters 204, lithium ion battery is in external discharge condition.At lithium ion battery
When external discharge condition, lithium ion battery power control unit 500 becomes according to system output voltage by varying two-way DC/DC
The duty cycle of parallel operation 204, makes two-way 204 output voltage stabilization of DC/DC converters in preset value, and detects lithium ion battery in real time
Output voltage electric current, to ensure the safe operation of lithium ion battery.
When bearing power is smaller, the fuel cell output voltage that fuel battery power control unit 400 measures it is excessive or
The output current of person's fuel cell is too small, and fuel cell should not be operated in high pressure or low current condition, this can be to fuel electricity
Certain infringement is caused in pond, leads at this time between fuel battery power control unit 400 and lithium ion battery power control unit 500
Communicate, change the working method of two-way DC/DC converters 204, lithium ionic cell unit 201 is in charged state；When
When load power demand is larger, lead between fuel battery power control unit 400 and lithium ion battery power control unit 500
Letter, makes lithium ionic cell unit 201 be in external discharge condition, makes up the power shortage of cell of fuel cell.
When cell of fuel cell 101 is for unsaturated vapor, the output voltage of fuel cell can be caused to be consistently less than its electric discharge and cut
Only voltage, then fuel cell enter low-voltage variation state, i.e. fuel battery power control unit 400 is disconnected by electronic switch K1
Cell of fuel cell 101 and the connection of Energy Management System.At this time, whole system lithium ionic cell unit 500 individually externally supplies
Electricity.If the SOC value that lithium ion battery power control unit 500 measures lithium ion battery is relatively low and when supply is still insufficient, lithium
Ion battery power control unit 500 disconnects the connection of lithium ion battery and Energy Management System by electronic switch K2, then whole
A system not supplying power for outside.When fuel cell supplies abundance again, fuel battery power control unit 400 detects fuel electricity
The output end voltage in pond is more than its and starts voltage, and controls electronic switch K1 to close, cell of fuel cell supplying power for outside again.This
When, communicate between fuel battery power control unit 400 and lithium ion battery power control unit 500, close switch K2, lithium
Ion battery cell 201 and 101 common supplying power for outside of cell of fuel cell make cell of fuel cell 101 to the power supply of load 301
While also charge to lithium ionic cell unit 201.
Compared with prior art, multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device and its energy of the invention
Management method has the advantages that：
1. the present invention is monitored in real time using fuel battery voltage detection circuit 103 and fuel cell current detection circuit 102
The output voltage electric current of fuel cell, the running protection to fuel cell is realized by fuel battery power control unit 400, is prevented
Only fuel cell operation is in low pressure or over-current state, in order to avoid irreversible infringement is caused to fuel cell or reduces its workability
Energy.Such as：When cell of fuel cell 101 is in under-voltage or over-current state, fuel battery power control unit 400 disconnects switch
K1, so as to close the conductive path of fuel battery power control unit 400, to avoid because battery overcurrent or it is under-voltage and to fuel
Battery unit 101 causes to damage.
2. the lithium ion battery power control unit 500 in the present invention can monitor the operation ginseng of lithium ion battery in real time
Number, predicts the SOC value of lithium ion battery, can not only realize the overcurrent and low-voltage variation during lithium-ion electric tank discharge, and can be with
Ion battery group automatic charging management is realized, to maintain Li-ion batteries piles SOC dynamic equilibrium to extend in certain a small range
The service life of lithium ion battery.Such as：When lithium ionic cell unit 201 is in under-voltage or over-current state, lithium ion battery
Power control unit 400 disconnects switch K2, so that the conductive path of lithium ion battery power control unit 200 is closed, to avoid
Because battery overcurrent is under-voltage and lithium ionic cell unit 201 is caused to damage.
3. the present invention there is efficient DC/DC converters, can by fuel cell output unstable voltage transformation into
The DC voltage of stable loading demand, under the action of energy management strategies, make Li-ion batteries piles as auxiliary power supply and
Power back-off, it is fuel cell-powered to become main power supply mode, be conducive to protect ion battery group, extend making for ion battery group
Use the service life.
4. the present invention energy management apparatus comprehensive as one, has considered the coordination control of total system, has reduced
The complexity and maintenance difficulties of system, improves the stability and reliability of hybrid power system power supply.
Embodiment and attached drawing are only the common embodiment of the present invention specifically above.Obviously, claims are not being departed from
Can there are various supplements, modification on the premise of the present invention spirit and invention scope that are defined and replace.Those skilled in the art
It should be understood that the present invention in practical applications can be according to specific environment and job requirement on the premise of without departing substantially from invention criterion
It is varied from form, structure, layout, ratio, material, element, component and other side.Therefore, the embodiment of disclosure herein
It is merely to illustrate and unrestricted, the scope of the present invention is defined by appended claim and its legal equivalents, and is not limited to before this
Description.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device, it is characterised in that the multikilowatt fuel electricity Pond/lithium ion battery hybrid power device includes：Fuel cell-powered circuit, the input terminal in the fuel cell-powered circuit are connected with fuel cell, the fuel cell The output terminal of current supply circuit is connected with load；Electric energy is sent to described defeated by the fuel cell-powered circuit from the input terminal Outlet；Lithium ion battery current supply circuit, the first end of the lithium ion battery current supply circuit are connected with lithium ionic cell unit, its Second end is connected with the output terminal parallel connection in the fuel cell-powered circuit, so as to connect the load；The lithium ion battery Electric energy is sent to the second end by current supply circuit under different conditions from the first end, or is sent to institute from the second end State first end；The fuel battery power control unit being connected with the fuel cell-powered circuit, for detecting the cell of fuel cell State, and produce the first state signal for representing the cell of fuel cell state；AndThe lithium ion battery power control unit being connected with the lithium ion battery current supply circuit, for detecting the lithium-ion electric The state of pool unit, and produce the second status signal of the state for representing the lithium ionic cell unit；The lithium ion battery power control unit and the fuel battery power control unit are connected with each other, the lithium-ion electric Pond power control unit sends second status signal to the fuel battery power control unit；The fuel cell work( Rate control unit sends the first state signal to the lithium ion battery power control unit；The fuel battery power Control unit controls the fuel cell-powered circuit to be sent to according to the first state signal and second status signal The electric energy of the output terminal；The lithium ion battery power control unit is according to the first state signal and second state Signal controls the electric energy power and direction of transfer in the lithium ion battery current supply circuit；The lithium ion battery current supply circuit includes：Two-way DC/DC converters, when the lithium ionic cell unit is in charging shape During state, electric energy is sent to the first end by the two-way DC/DC converters from the second end, with to the lithium ion battery Unit charges；When the lithium ionic cell unit is in discharge condition, the two-way DC/DC converters are by electric energy from described One end is sent to the second end, so that the lithium ionic cell unit externally discharges；The second switch being connected between the two-way DC/DC converters and the lithium ionic cell unit；The lithium ion battery voltage detection circuit being connected with the lithium ionic cell unit, for detecting the lithium ion battery list The voltage of member, and second voltage signal is produced according to the voltage of the lithium ionic cell unit；The lithium ion battery current detection circuit being connected with the lithium ionic cell unit, for detecting the lithium ion battery list The electric current of member, and the second current signal is produced according to the electric current of the lithium ionic cell unit,Lithium battery power control unit produces second state according to second current signal and the second voltage signal Signal；When the first state signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in normal condition and second status signal represents The lithium ionic cell unit is in under-voltage condition, then the lithium ion battery power control unit controls the two-way DC/DC Converter, to charge to the lithium ionic cell unit；When the first state signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in Normal condition and second status signal represent that the lithium ionic cell unit is in normal condition, then the lithium ion battery Power control unit controls two-way DC/DC converters, to close the lithium ionic cell unit；When the first state signal table Show that the cell of fuel cell is in under-voltage condition and second status signal represents that the lithium ionic cell unit is in just Normal state, then the lithium ion battery power control unit control the two-way DC/DC converters by the lithium ion battery list The electric energy of member is sent to the load, with for the load supplying.
- 2. multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute Multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device is stated to further include：Light current power supply unit, controls for obtaining electric energy at the lithium ionic cell unit, and to the fuel battery power Unit and the lithium ion battery power control unit provide light current.
- 3. multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute Stating fuel cell-powered circuit includes：DC/DC converters, for the voltage by the voltage conversion of the input terminal for the output terminal；The first switch being connected between the DC/DC converters and the cell of fuel cell；The fuel cell current detection circuit being connected between the DC/DC converters and the cell of fuel cell, for producing First current signal of the raw electric current for representing to flow through the cell of fuel cell；The fuel battery voltage detection circuit being connected between the DC/DC converters and the cell of fuel cell, for producing The first voltage signal of the raw voltage for representing the cell of fuel cell；The system output voltage detection circuit being connected with the output terminal of the DC/DC converters, the output is represented for producing The tertiary voltage signal of terminal voltage,The fuel battery power control unit is according to first current signal, the first voltage signal and the 3rd electricity Signal is pressed to produce the first state signal.
- 4. fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when described One status signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in under-voltage condition and second status signal represents the lithium-ion electric When pool unit is in under-voltage condition, then the lithium ion battery power control unit controls the second switch to close the lithium Ion battery cell, and the fuel battery power control unit controls first switch to close the cell of fuel cell.
- 5. fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that when the combustion Material battery unit is in the normal condition and when the output voltage of the cell of fuel cell is less than predetermined voltage threshold, institute The duty cycle that fuel battery power control unit reduces the DC/DC converters is stated, to increase the defeated of the cell of fuel cell Go out voltage；When the cell of fuel cell is in the normal condition and when the output current of the cell of fuel cell is more than During predetermined current threshold, the fuel battery power control unit increases the duty cycle of the DC/DC converters, with described in reduction The output current of cell of fuel cell.
- A kind of 6. multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power energy management method, it is characterised in that the multikilowatt Fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power energy management method includes：The state of cell of fuel cell is detected, and produces the first state signal for representing the cell of fuel cell state, it is described Cell of fuel cell is connected by DC/DC converters with load；The state of lithium ionic cell unit is detected, and produces the second status signal for representing the lithium ionic cell unit state, The lithium ionic cell unit is connected by two-way DC/DC converters with the load；When the first state signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in normal condition and second status signal represents The lithium ionic cell unit is in under-voltage condition, then the two-way DC/DC converters is controlled, with to the lithium ion battery list Member charging；When the first state signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in normal condition and second status signal represents The lithium ionic cell unit is in normal condition, then the two-way DC/DC converters is controlled, to close the lithium ion battery Unit；AndWhen the first state signal represents that the cell of fuel cell is in under-voltage condition and second status signal represents The lithium ionic cell unit is in normal condition, then controls the two-way DC/DC converters by the lithium ionic cell unit Electric energy be sent to the load, with for the load supplying.
- 7. multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power energy management method according to claim 6, its feature It is, the multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power energy management method further includes：Detection flows through the first current signal of circuit between the DC/DC converters and the cell of fuel cell；Detect the first voltage signal of the cell of fuel cell；Detect the tertiary voltage signal of the output terminal of the DC/DC converters；The first state letter is produced according to first current signal, the first voltage signal and the tertiary voltage signal Number.
- 8. the multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power energy management method according to claim 6 or 7, its It is characterized in that, the multikilowatt fuel cell/lithium ion battery hybrid power energy management method further includes：Detection flows through the second current signal of circuit between the two-way DC/DC converters and the lithium ionic cell unit；Detect the second voltage signal of the lithium ionic cell unit；Second status signal is produced according to second current signal and the second voltage signal.
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| CN106910917B (en) * | 2017-02-11 | 2019-04-02 | 佛山索弗克氢能源有限公司 | Tubular type SOFC Fuel Cell Control System |
| CN107453467B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2020-07-10 | 华中科技大学 | Solid oxide fuel cell hybrid energy management system for ocean buoy |
| CN110015192B (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2021-03-02 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Fuel cell hybrid power system, power supply unit and charging control method |
| CN109713337B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-12-03 | 中科军联（张家港）新能源科技有限公司 | Direct methanol fuel cell and lithium ion battery hybrid output device and output method |
| CN110254296A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-20 | 中船动力研究院有限公司 | Control method, power unit and the dynamical system of hybrid power unit peculiar to vessel |
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| US5929594A (en) * | 1996-08-29 | 1999-07-27 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel-cells system, electric vehicle with fuel-cells system, and method of controlling supply of electric power |
| CN101478049A (en) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-07-08 | 思柏科技股份有限公司 | Mixed electric power device for fuel cell |
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| TW543260B (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2003-07-21 | Reveo Inc | Power generation and distribution system/network having interruptable power source and refuelable and rechargeable metal-air fuel cell battery subsystem |
| JP5303419B2 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2013-10-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Fuel cell power generation system and operation method thereof |
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| US5929594A (en) * | 1996-08-29 | 1999-07-27 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel-cells system, electric vehicle with fuel-cells system, and method of controlling supply of electric power |
| CN101478049A (en) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-07-08 | 思柏科技股份有限公司 | Mixed electric power device for fuel cell |
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