AU2015100339A4 - A compound power system for an electrical vehicle - Google Patents

A compound power system for an electrical vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
AU2015100339A4
AU2015100339A4 AU2015100339A AU2015100339A AU2015100339A4 AU 2015100339 A4 AU2015100339 A4 AU 2015100339A4 AU 2015100339 A AU2015100339 A AU 2015100339A AU 2015100339 A AU2015100339 A AU 2015100339A AU 2015100339 A4 AU2015100339 A4 AU 2015100339A4
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Australia
Prior art keywords
power system
super capacitor
converter
engine
bus bar
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AU2015100339A
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Ming Li
Xiaoyu Yan
Shichun Yang
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Beihang University
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Beihang University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

Abstract The invention discloses a compound power system for electric vehicle, comprising a power battery, a super capacitor, the first DC/DC converter, a engine generator set, an AC/DC inverter, a protective resistor, the second DC/DC converter, a bus bar for the power system, a controller for the compound power system. The bus bar for the power system carries a load; the engine generator set is connected to the bus bar for the power system via the AC/DC inverter; the power battery is directly connected to the bus bar for the power system; the super capacitor is connected to the bus bar for the power system via the first DC/DC converter; the protective resistor is connected to the bus bar for the power system via the second DC/DC converter; the controller for the compound power system outputs actuation signals to the AC/DC inverter, the first DC/DC converter, and the second DC/DC converter, so as to control the engine generator set, the super capacitor and the protective resistor. The invention prolongs the lifetime of the power battery.

Description

Description A compound power system for an electric vehicle Technical Field The invention relates to the field of a compound power storage device for an electric vehicle comprising a power battery, a super capacitor, a controller and an engine generator set. The energy distribution is carried out reasonably via the controller of the compound power device. Background Art Energy crisis and environmental pollution cause a worldwide revolution for the power system of vehicle. To protect the environment, save nonrenewable energy source and optimize energy utilization mode, it is necessary to develop new energy vehicle. With the development of pure electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle, the global vehicle industry is now entering an energy conservation and emission reduction era. Due to the current situation of the power battery for electric vehicle, it still needs a long time for the popularization of pure electric vehicle presently. Thus, the power storage device is a indispensable component for the clean energy vehicle in the future, and the performance thereof will directly determine the performance of the vehicle and lead the development direction of new energy vehicle. An advanced and compact electric energy storage system with high energy density and high power is needed for electric vehicle. However, currently single type of power storage device can't supply high energy density and high power, meanwhile has excellent economy. At present, the driving range of electric vehicle with power battery or super capacitor far less than the range of conventional vehicle. The power battery has a higher specific energy and a lower specific power than super capacitor. Summary To solve the problems above, the invention proposes a compound power system for electric vehicle, which has high energy capacity, high specific power, and long lifetime. The compound power system for electric vehicle according to the invention comprises a power 1 battery, a super capacitor and a bidirectional DC/DC converter, an engine generator- set and a bidirectional AC/DC inverter, a protective resistor and a DC/DC converter, a controller and a bus bar for the compound power system. The engine generator set is connected to the bus bar for the system via the bidirectional AC/DC inverter. The super capacitor is connected to the bus bar via the bidirectional DC/DC converter. The protective resistor is connected to the bus bar via the DC/DC converter. The power battery is directly connected to the bus bar. According to the invention, the power battery behaves as amain energy storage unit, and is connected to the bus bar all the time, providing current to the bus bar or absorbing current from the bus bar. The super capacitor behaves as pulse power source, providing the bus bar with peak power or absorbing the energy of regenerative braking from the bus bar, so as to decrease the voltage fluctuations in the bus bar. In this way. the operation status of the power battery is stabilized, and its lifetime will be prolonged. The engine generator set functions as a backup energy storage unit. When the battery power is insufficient, the engine generator- set supplies energy to the bus bar; at the same time, it can charge the power battery. Thus the driving range of the vehicle will be increased. The compound power system can efficiently absorb the regenerative braking energy of the electric vehicle via the power battery and the super capacitor. When the regenerative braking energy exceeds the current absorbing capacity of the power battery and the super capacitor, the controller for the compound power system actuates the DC/DC converter for the protective resistor to activate the resistor so as to absorb the excessive regenerative braking energy, such that the compound power system is protected from damaging. When it is necessary to start the engine generator set, the AC/DC inverter transforms the DC in the bus bar for the power system to the AC that can actuate the motor/generator to start the engine. At this time, the motor/generator behaves as a motor. After the engine is started, the motor/generator operates in generator mode, and supplies current to the bus bar for the power system via the AC/DC inverter. Advantages of the invention are as follows. The super capacitor in the invention can be charged and discharged in a quick manner, such that 2 it is suitable to be charged or discharged in a rush when the compound power system, has the transient peak charging or discharging current, especially in the situation where vehicle starting or braking is frequent in the city traffic. At the same time, the charging and discharging current of the power battery is stabilized. In this way the lifetime of the power battery is prolonged. Meanwhile, the capacity of the system - can be substantially increased via the engine generator set, and therefore the driving range of the electric vehicle is extended. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is the schematic view showing the invention. wherein, 1 - a power battery 2 - a super capacitor 3 - the first DC/DC converter 4 - an engine generator set 5 - an AC/DC inverter 6 - a protective resistor 7 - the second DC/DC converter 8 - a bus bar for the power system 9 - a controller for the compound power system Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments Hereinafter the invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying figures. As shown in Figure 1, the invention proposes a compound power system for electric vehicle, which comprises a power battery 1, a super capacitor 2, the first DC/DC converter 3, an engine generator- set 4, an AC/DC inverter 5, a protective resistor 6, the second DC/DC converter 7, a bus bar 8 for the system, and a controller 9 for the compound power system. Comprised of 113 lithium iron phosphate cells connected in series, the power battery loutputs a 361V voltage and has a capacity of 11OAh. The cells with 11OAh and 3.2V, from ZHICHENG CHAMPION GROUP, LTD., GUNADONG, are commercially available for the power battery. 3 Comprised of 134 super capacitor units connected in series, the super capacitor 2 has a 361V rated voltage and a capacity of 22F. The super capacitor units with 316V and 22F from MAXWELL Company, USA are commercially available for the super capacitor. The engine generator set 4 comprise an engine, a gearbox and an AC motor/generator, wherein the engine is an internal combustion engine using gasoline or diesel, the motor/generator is a switched reluctance motor or a permanent magnet synchronous motor, the engine is connected to the AC motor/generator via the gearbox, and the AC motor/generator is connected to the AC/DC inverter 5. The bus bar 8 for the power system carries a load. The engine generator set 4 is connected to the bus bar 8 via the AC/DC inverter 5. the power battery 1 is directly connected to the bus bar 8. The super capacitor 2 is connected to the bus bar 8 via the first DC/DC converter 3. The protective resistor 6 is connected to the bus bar 8 for the power system via the second DC/DC converter 7. The controller 9 for the compound power system outputs actuation signals to the AC/DC inverter 5, the first DC/DC converter 3, the second DC/DC converter 7, so as to control the engine generator set 4, the super capacitor 2 and the protective resistor 6. After the vehicle is started, the controller 9 for the compound power system first judges the capacity of the power battery 1. If the capacity is higher than a valve value (for example, 20%), the engine generator set 4 will not be started. If not, the engine generator set 4 will be started. Then, the charging status of the super capacitor 2 is judged. In the case that the charging status is lower than a valve value (for example, 50%), the compound power system is controlled to charge the super capacitor 2 via the first DC/DC converter 3. In the case that the vehicle runs, the power battery 1 provides average power; when the vehicle accelerates or climbs up along a slope, and thus the controller 9 gets the data that the vehicle requires a higher power from the compound power system, the super capacitor 2 is actuated to provide the peak power if the controller 9 for the compound power system judges its charging status is higher than a valve value (such as 20%). When the controller 9 for the compound power system judges that the capacity of the power battery 1 is lower than a valve value (for example, 20%), the engine generator set 4 is started. That is, the controller 9 for the compound power system controls the AC/DC inverter 5 to transfer the DC in the bus bar 8 to AC so as to operate the motor/generator. At this time, the motor/generator 4 behaves as a motor. such that the engine is started. After the engine is started, the motor/generator operates in generator mode, and provides current to the bus bar 8 for the power system via the AC/DC inverter 5 so as to charge the power battery 1. Once the capacity of the power battery 1 is higher than a valve value (for example, 80%), the engine generator set 4 is shut off. When the electric vehicle regenerates braking energy, the super capacitor 2 will be charged in priority, based on the charging status of the super capacitor 2 and the power battery 1 judged by the controller 9. In the case that the regenerative braking energy is higher than the absorbing ability of the super capacitor 2 and the power battery 1, the second DC/DC converter 7 is controlled to actuate the protective resistor 6 to consume a portion of the regenerative braking energy so as to protect the compound power system. 5

Claims (6)

1. A compound power system for electric vehicle comprises a power battery, a super capacitor, the first DC/DC converter, a generator-engine set, an AC/DC inverter, a protective resistor, the second DC/DC converter, a bus bar for the system, a controller for the compound power system; wherein, the bus bar carries a load; the engine generator set is connected to the bus bar for the power system via the AC/DC inverter; the power battery is directly connected to the bus bar for the power system; the super capacitor is connected to the bus bar for the power system via the first DC/DC converter; the protective resistor is connected to the bus bar for the power system via the second DC/DC converter; the controller for the compound power system outputs actuation signals to the AC/DC inverter, the first DC/DC converter, and the second DC/DC converter, so as to control the engine generator set, the super capacitor and the protective resistor.
2. A compound power system for electric vehicle according to Claim 1, wherein the power battery comprises a plurality of lithium iron phosphate cells connected in series.
3. A compound power system for electric vehicle according to Claim 1, wherein the super capacitor comprised a plurality of super capacitor units connected in series.
4. A compound power system for electric vehicle according to Claim 1, wherein the engine generator set comprises an engine, a gearboxand an AC motor/generator, wherein the engine is connected to the AC motor/generator via the gearbox, and the AC motor/generator is connected to the AC/DC inverter.
5. A compound power system for electric vehicle according to Claim 4, wherein the engine is an internal combustion engine using gasoline or diesel, and the motor/generator is a switched reluctance motor or a permanent magnet synchronous motor. 6
6. A compound power system for electric vehicle according to Claim 1, wherein, after the vehicle is started, the controller for the compound power system first judges the capacity of the power battery; if the capacity is higher than a valve value, the engine generator set will not be started; If not, the engine generator set will be started; then, the charging status of the super capacitor is judged; in the case that the charging status is lower than a valve value, the compound power system is controlled to charge the super capacitor in priority via the first DC/DC converter; in the case that the vehicle runs, the power battery provides average power; when the power system has a higher power from the controller for the compound power system, the super capacitor is actuated via the first DC/DC converter to provide a peak power if the controller for the compound power system judges its charging status is higher than a valve value; when the controller for the compound power system judges that the capacity of the power battery is lower than a valve value, the engine generator set is started: that is, the controller for the compound power system controls the AC/DC inverter to transfer the DC in the bus bar to AC so as to operate the motor/generator; at this time, the motor/generator behaves as a motor., such that the engine is started; after the engine is started, the motor/generator operates in an generator mode, and provides current to the bus bar for the power system via the AC/DC inverter so as to charge the power battery; once the capacity of the power battery is higher than a valve value, the engine generator set is shut off; when the electric vehicle regenerates braking energy, the super capacitor 2 will be charged in priority, based on the charging status of the power battery and the super capacitor ; in the case that the regenerative braking energy is higher than the absorbing ability of the super capacitor and the power battery, the second DC/DC converter is controlled to actuate the protective resistor to consume a portion of the regenerative braking energy so as to protect the compound power system. 7
AU2015100339A 2014-05-29 2015-03-18 A compound power system for an electrical vehicle Ceased AU2015100339A4 (en)

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CN201410234418.9A CN104015626A (en) 2014-05-29 2014-05-29 Hybrid power system for electric car
CN201410234418.9 2014-05-29

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CN105253028A (en) * 2015-11-19 2016-01-20 福建省福工动力技术有限公司 Control method and device for hybrid power supply stroke-adding type electric vehicle
CN112531864A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-03-19 苏州英威腾电力电子有限公司 Hybrid energy storage system and generator inverter system

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CN104608644B (en) * 2015-01-19 2017-06-06 北京工业大学 A kind of electric automobile is segmented composite braking system and its energy reclaiming method
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CN105978323A (en) * 2016-06-16 2016-09-28 上海电机学院 Improved type composite power supply circuit for electric vehicle
CN106564398B (en) * 2016-11-08 2018-12-07 西安交通大学 A kind of vehicle-mounted hybrid power system and control method of electric car
CN106532891B (en) * 2017-01-11 2023-11-14 云南昆船智能装备有限公司 Super capacitor and storage battery hybrid energy storage and power supply charging method
DE102017201485A1 (en) 2017-01-31 2018-08-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft A method and arrangement for determining the charge capacity and health of an electrical energy store
CN107199894B (en) * 2017-04-12 2019-08-23 浙江中车电车有限公司 A kind of pure electric automobile composite power source hierarchical control method
CN107813708A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-03-20 北京理工大学 A kind of range extended electric vehicle power system and its control method
CN109818402A (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-28 北京机电工程研究所 A kind of vehicular energy system
CN108075540B (en) * 2017-12-15 2021-03-26 电子科技大学 High-power energy power system for helicopter and control method
CN111422074A (en) * 2018-11-24 2020-07-17 赵文祥 Energy-saving and environment-friendly electric vehicle
CN113595220B (en) * 2021-07-20 2024-01-19 北京航空航天大学 Power coordination method for super-capacitor-fuel cell hybrid power special vehicle
CN114572015A (en) * 2021-08-26 2022-06-03 北京工业大学 Large-scale unmanned serving trolley based on composite power supply
CN117175646B (en) * 2023-11-02 2024-03-12 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Energy storage participation primary frequency modulation control method and system for hybrid energy storage system

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CN105253028A (en) * 2015-11-19 2016-01-20 福建省福工动力技术有限公司 Control method and device for hybrid power supply stroke-adding type electric vehicle
CN112531864A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-03-19 苏州英威腾电力电子有限公司 Hybrid energy storage system and generator inverter system
CN112531864B (en) * 2020-12-03 2023-08-22 苏州英威腾电力电子有限公司 Hybrid Energy Storage System and Generator Inverter System

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CN104015626A (en) 2014-09-03

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