CN105220664A - There is the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage - Google Patents
There is the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage Download PDFInfo
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- CN105220664A CN105220664A CN201510711993.8A CN201510711993A CN105220664A CN 105220664 A CN105220664 A CN 105220664A CN 201510711993 A CN201510711993 A CN 201510711993A CN 105220664 A CN105220664 A CN 105220664A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ecological fishway with multistage flow passage, comprise fishpond, it at least also comprises, and low flow velocity crosses fish passage, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage and high flow rate crosses fish passage; Low flow velocity crosses fish passage, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage and high flow rate is crossed fish passage and is all formed in fishpond, and the bearing of trend that low flow velocity crosses fish passage, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage and high flow rate crosses fish passage is all consistent with the direction of current.Implement technical scheme of the present invention, this ecological fishway can meet the migration demand of various fish in river fishes ecological community, and what improve fish pass crosses fish effect.Thus the kind crossing fish increases, and can maintain species diversity and the ecological homeostasis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to migration fishes and cross resist technology field, dam, especially a kind of ecological fishway with multistage flow passage.
Background technology
Fish pass relates to " engineering and natural harmony coexist " extremely important ingredient in Modern Water Conservancy engineering; the Shi Bei world " bio-diversity conservation treaty " certainly and put forth effort the aquatic ecosystem bio-diversity conservation measure of praising highly, for protection Fish Germplasm Resources, purifies water, maintains species diversity and the ecological homeostasis has very important meaning.
The pattern of current fish pass has a variety of, mainly contain technical fish pass and the ecological fishways such as water tank type fish pass, baffle-type fish pass (Denier fish pass), vertical seam type fish channel, but no matter be which kind of fish pass pattern, its design is all for a certain specific fish object excessively, such as there are the fish of higher economic worth, as salmon, trout etc., or some treasures Endemic fish, as mandarin sturgeon etc.But generally there are tens of kinds of even hundreds of fish composition groups in natural river aquatic ecosystem, various fish have different migration periods, different flow velocitys is adapted in each migration period, therefore traditional fish pass design has significant limitation, caused fingerling class single, species diversity and the ecological homeostasis can not be maintained.
Ecological community's characteristic of fish objectively needs the fish pass with multistage flow passage, to meet the migration demand of various fish in group.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, provides a kind of ecological fishway with multistage flow passage of improvement
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of ecological fishway with multistage flow passage, comprise fishpond, and it at least also comprises, and low flow velocity crosses fish passage, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage and high flow rate crosses fish passage; Described low flow velocity crosses fish passage, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage and high flow rate is crossed fish passage and is all formed in described fishpond, and the bearing of trend that described low flow velocity crosses fish passage, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage and high flow rate crosses fish passage is all consistent with the direction of current.
Of the present invention have in the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage, and described ecological fishway also comprises multiple partition wall, and described multiple partition wall is arranged in described fishpond, and described fishpond is divided into several fishpond unit.
Of the present invention have in the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage, each partition wall offers the fish pass of multiple different in width, and position of opening on each partition wall is consistent, the described fish pass on the same position of opening that the direction of current is run through successively forms that low flow velocity crosses fish passage, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage or high flow rate crosses fish passage.
Of the present invention have in the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage, is interconnected between adjacent described fishpond unit by described fish pass, and be formed with water-head between adjacent described fishpond unit.
Of the present invention have in the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage, and described ecological fishway also comprises the multiple erratic boulders be arranged on bottom described fishpond.
Of the present invention have in the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage, the bearing of trend that described low flow velocity crosses fish passage, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage and high flow rate crosses fish passage is furnished with respectively the described erratic boulder of varying number and size.
Of the present invention have in the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage, and the height of described erratic boulder is 0.9 ~ 1.1 times of design head, and the width of described erratic boulder is corresponding 1.1 ~ 1.3 times of crossing the width of fish passage.
Of the present invention have in the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage, and described partition wall is the partition wall adopting block stone overlap joint or build by laying bricks or stones; The height of described partition wall is 0.9 ~ 1.1 times of design head.
Of the present invention have in the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage, is formed with gap between described block of stone.
Of the present invention have in the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage, and the base slope gradient of described ecological fishway is between 1:30 ~ 1:120, and the base slope of described ecological fishway is continuous grade or discontinuous slope.
Implement technical scheme of the present invention, at least there is following beneficial effect: in the fishpond of this ecological fishway, be at least formed with that low flow velocity crosses fish passage, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage and high flow rate crosses fish passage, make this ecological fishway can meet the migration demand of various fish in river fishes ecological community, what improve fish pass crosses fish effect.Thus the kind crossing fish increases, and can maintain species diversity and the ecological homeostasis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic top plan view of the ecological fishway in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of the multistage flow passage of ecological fishway in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of the multistage flow passage of ecological fishway in another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of the multistage flow passage of ecological fishway in another embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, 1, fishpond; 11, low flow velocity crosses fish passage; 12, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage; 13, high flow rate crosses fish passage; 2, partition wall; 3, fish pass; 4, erratic boulder.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and effect, now contrast accompanying drawing and describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 shows a kind of ecological fishway with multistage flow passage in the present invention, and this ecological fishway can meet the migration demand of various fish in river fishes ecological community, improves fish pass and crosses fish effect.
Fig. 1 is the schematic top plan view of the ecological fishway in one embodiment of the invention.Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of the multistage flow passage of ecological fishway in one embodiment of the invention.Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of the multistage flow passage of ecological fishway in another embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of the multistage flow passage of ecological fishway in another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, this ecological fishway with multistage flow passage comprises fishpond 1, and this ecological fishway with multistage flow passage at least also comprises that low flow velocity crosses fish passage 11, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage 12 and high flow rate crosses fish passage 13.This low flow velocity crosses fish passage 11, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage 12 and high flow rate is crossed fish passage 13 and is all formed in this fishpond 1, and the bearing of trend that this low flow velocity crosses fish passage 11, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage 12 and high flow rate crosses fish passage 13 is all consistent with the direction of current.Low flow velocity crosses fish passage 11, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage 12 and high flow rate is crossed the generation type of fish passage 13 in fishpond 1 and had diversity, ecological fishway in the present invention preferably comprises multiple partition wall 2, the plurality of partition wall 2 is arranged in this fishpond 1, and this fishpond 1 is divided into several fishpond unit.And each partition wall 2 offers the fish pass 3 of multiple different in width, position of opening on each partition wall 2 is consistent, and this fish pass 3 on the same position of opening that the direction of current is run through successively forms that low flow velocity crosses fish passage 11, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage 12 or high flow rate crosses fish passage 13.In addition, this ecological fishway also comprises the multiple erratic boulders 4 be arranged on bottom this fishpond 1.
To sum up, then consult Fig. 1, this has in the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage, by partition wall 2, fishpond 1 is divided into several fishponds 1, partition wall 2 is opened the fish pass 3 of multiple different in width, the position of opening on each partition wall 2 is consistent, then in whole fishpond 1, form many and cross fish passage.The erratic boulder 4 of varying number and size is arranged in fishpond 1 on every bar passage, or, cross fish passage 11 at low flow velocity, middle flow velocity crosses fish passage 12 and high flow rate crosses fish passage 13 bearing of trend be furnished with respectively the erratic boulder 4 of varying number and size, to adjust current on-way resistance and flow velocity.On every bar passage, flow velocity is different, and the flow velocity on every bar passage by the water-head, fish pass 3 size, erratic boulder 4 size and number etc. between adjustment fish pass flow, adjacent fishpond unit, thus can meet different fish demands.
Fish migration is traced back in process, can select different flow passage according to self-ability, is traced back step by step from adjacent fishpond 1 by fish pass 3, and can have a rest in each fishpond 1.Consult Fig. 2, every grade of flow passage can be linear, or consult Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, every grade of flow passage also can be shaped form.
Flow velocity on every bar flow passage is determined by the water-head between fish pass flow, adjacent fishpond 1, fish pass 3 size, erratic boulder 4 size and number etc., and these parameters are determined by the hydraulic model test of routine.Such as, in certain embodiments, be interconnected by this fish pass 3 between this adjacent fishpond unit, and be formed with water-head between this adjacent fishpond unit.The height of erratic boulder 4 can be 0.9 ~ 1.1 times of design head, and the width of erratic boulder 4 can be corresponding 1.1 ~ 1.3 times of crossing the width of fish passage.
Because the flow velocity at different water depth place, fish pass 3 same plane position has different, therefore the flow rates on every bar flow passage between physical presence minimum flow velocity to Peak Flow Rate, by design, the flow rates on different in flow rate passage is partially overlapped, then can realize flow velocity continuous print fish passage.Such as, the flow velocity that low flow velocity crosses fish passage 11 is 0.5 ~ 0.9m/s, and the flow velocity that middle flow velocity crosses fish passage 12 is 0.9 ~ 1.3m/s, and the flow velocity that high flow rate crosses fish passage 13 is 1.3 ~ 1.7m/s, then whole fish pass can cross the flow rates of fish is 0.5 ~ 1.7m/s.
In certain embodiments, partition wall 2 material can adopt block stone overlap or build by laying bricks or stones, to coordinate mutually with around natural landscape.Also the other materials such as reinforced gabion, concrete can be adopted.It should be noted that, the height of partition wall 2 can be 0.9 ~ 1.1 times of design head.
Further, when partition wall 2 material adopts block stone, the small gap between block stone can not shutoff, to meet the hobby of part fish.
In certain embodiments, the base slope gradient of this ecological fishway can between 1:30 ~ 1:120, and the base slope of this ecological fishway is continuous grade or discontinuous slope.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various change, combination and change.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within right of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. there is an ecological fishway for multistage flow passage, comprise fishpond (1), it is characterized in that, at least also comprise that low flow velocity crosses fish passage (11), middle flow velocity crosses fish passage (12) and high flow rate crosses fish passage (13); Described low flow velocity crosses fish passage (11), middle flow velocity crosses fish passage (12) and high flow rate is crossed fish passage (13) and is all formed in described fishpond (1), and the bearing of trend that described low flow velocity crosses fish passage (11), middle flow velocity crosses fish passage (12) and high flow rate crosses fish passage (13) is all consistent with the direction of current.
2. the ecological fishway with multistage flow passage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described ecological fishway also comprises multiple partition wall (2), and described multiple partition wall (2) is arranged in described fishpond (1), and described fishpond (1) is divided into several fishpond unit.
3. the ecological fishway with multistage flow passage according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, each partition wall (2) offers the fish pass (3) of multiple different in width, and position of opening on each partition wall (2) is consistent, the described fish pass (3) on the same position of opening that the direction of current is run through successively forms that described low flow velocity crosses fish passage (11), middle flow velocity crosses fish passage (12) or high flow rate crosses fish passage (13).
4. the ecological fishway with multistage flow passage according to claim 3, is characterized in that, is interconnected, and is formed with water-head between adjacent described fishpond unit between adjacent described fishpond unit by described fish pass (3).
5. the ecological fishway with multistage flow passage according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ecological fishway also comprises the multiple erratic boulders (4) being arranged on bottom, described fishpond (1).
6. the ecological fishway with multistage flow passage according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described low flow velocity crosses fish passage (11), middle flow velocity crosses fish passage (12) and high flow rate crosses fish passage (13) bearing of trend is furnished with respectively the described erratic boulder (4) of varying number and size.
7. the ecological fishway with multistage flow passage according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the height of described erratic boulder (4) is 0.9 ~ 1.1 times of design head, and the width of described erratic boulder (4) is corresponding 1.1 ~ 1.3 times of crossing the width of fish passage.
8. the ecological fishway with multistage flow passage according to any one of claim 2 to 7, is characterized in that, described partition wall (2) is the partition wall (2) adopting block stone overlap joint or build by laying bricks or stones; The height of described partition wall (2) is 0.9 ~ 1.1 times of design head.
9. the ecological fishway with multistage flow passage according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described partition wall (2), for adopting block stone overlap joint, is formed with gap between described block of stone.
10. the ecological fishway with multistage flow passage according to any one of claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that, the base slope gradient of described ecological fishway is between 1:30 ~ 1:120, and the base slope of described ecological fishway is continuous grade or discontinuous slope.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510711993.8A CN105220664B (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | There is the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510711993.8A CN105220664B (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | There is the ecological fishway of multistage flow passage |
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| CN105220664A true CN105220664A (en) | 2016-01-06 |
| CN105220664B CN105220664B (en) | 2017-03-08 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001081765A (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2001-03-27 | Landes Kk | Fish pass block and fish pass structure using the same and river-bed structure |
| CN103953014A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-30 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Novel fishway structure |
| CN203890976U (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-10-22 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Novel fishway structure |
| CN104480913A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-04-01 | 河海大学 | Ecological fish way with staggered spacer block structures |
| CN205259147U (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-05-25 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Ecological fishway with multistage velocity of flow passageway |
-
2015
- 2015-10-27 CN CN201510711993.8A patent/CN105220664B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001081765A (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2001-03-27 | Landes Kk | Fish pass block and fish pass structure using the same and river-bed structure |
| CN103953014A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-30 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Novel fishway structure |
| CN203890976U (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-10-22 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Novel fishway structure |
| CN104480913A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-04-01 | 河海大学 | Ecological fish way with staggered spacer block structures |
| CN205259147U (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-05-25 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Ecological fishway with multistage velocity of flow passageway |
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| CN105220664B (en) | 2017-03-08 |
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