CN108193652A - Gill formula fish pass - Google Patents
Gill formula fish pass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108193652A CN108193652A CN201810005750.6A CN201810005750A CN108193652A CN 108193652 A CN108193652 A CN 108193652A CN 201810005750 A CN201810005750 A CN 201810005750A CN 108193652 A CN108193652 A CN 108193652A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gabion
- fish pass
- embankment
- fish
- rest
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
- E02B8/085—Devices allowing fish migration, e.g. fish traps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of gill formula fish pass, including gravel bed bottom, the first gabion embankment is set respectively at left and right sides of the gravel bed bottom, second gabion embankment is set respectively on the first gabion embankment of the left and right sides, and the fish pass between the first gabion embankment of the left and right sides crosses fish space length and crosses fish space length less than the fish pass between the second gabion embankment of the left and right sides.The present invention can meet the needs of different fish, while provide rest, place of strolling about or have a rest, and permeable gravel bed bottom and gabion embankment can improve microhabitat and provide corresponding bait, and affected by environment small, take up an area few.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering technical fields, and in particular to a kind of relevant with environmental science, aquatic product fishery
Gill formula fish pass.
Background technology
When barrage is built a dam, to protect the River Fish ecological balance, it need to take and build fish pass structure or other protection fishes
The measure of class, that properly settles straddling fish stocks crosses dam problem.Fish pass structure type mainly has fish pass, fish lock, fish lift, transporting something containerized
Fishing boat etc..According to current China environmental protection documentation requirements, a kind of independent form can be used in the fish pass structure of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering,
Various combination mode can also be used.Fish pass structure select generally require for：Water-head is smaller to take imitative nature channel shape
Formula, water-head it is medium take fish pass or fish pass and imitative nature combination of channels form, water-head it is larger fish pass, fish can be used
The fish pass structure of lock, transporting something containerized fish system or different form combination.
The pattern of fish pass mainly includes bionical stance, iris type, slot type and special construction pattern etc..Bionical stance fish pass,
Adaptation fish range is wide, is generally used for the engineering that water-head is no more than 20m, can be selected during arrangement in orographic condition；Every
Board-like fish pass：Suitable for multiple migration fishes, major advantage was that piscinity can be good, and flow velocity is small, under fish easily go up easily, overflow
Weir formula is suitable for surface layer migration and has the fish of jump habit, floods the fish that outlet type is suitable for bottom migration, and vertical seam type is fitted
For the fish of different hobby depth of water migrations, combined type is suitable for different habits, a variety of of different Burden-Swimming Ability of KM cross fish object；Slot
Formula fish pass：Suitable for the stronger fish of Burden-Swimming Ability of KM, predominantly Denier formula, slot type fish channel structure is simple, saves money, and carries
Lifting speed is fast, is relatively suitable for migration fishes of the body length more than 30cm and likes pipelining fish；Special construction pattern fish pass：It is applicable in
In can creep, can adhere to and be good at passing through the fish in gap.
Since 2000,24 national water conservancy and hydropower project fish pass by the assessment of environment influence technique build dependency number
According to incomplete statistics, 12 fish pass pattern projects, vertical seam type 7 imitates 3, nature channel, with vertical seam type and imitative nature channel
Based on, both fish pass can be applicable in all fish, wherein, the imitative applicable all aquatic animals of nature channel can trace back and drop river two
A direction passes freely through.
Vertical seam type fish channel structure pattern is single, essentially reinforced concrete structure, in fish pass in addition to the flow to differ there are flow velocity,
Other ecological environments such as depend on for existence and be adjacent to the water temperature of natural conditions, bait, rest, stroll about or have a rest without fish again.Fish enter fish
Behind road, under flow stimulation, fish pass or the short stay in rest pond can only be passed through as early as possible, current built vertical seam type fish channel, just
Phase effect is fine, less effective after long-time.
Invention content
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of gill formula fish pass, for improving fish pass environment.
In view of the above problem of the prior art, according to one side disclosed by the invention, the present invention uses following technology
Scheme：
Including gravel bed bottom, the first gabion embankment is set at left and right sides of the gravel bed bottom respectively for a kind of gill formula fish pass,
Second gabion embankment is set respectively on the first gabion embankment of the left and right sides, the first gabion embankment of the left and right sides it
Between fish pass cross fish space length less than the left and right sides the second gabion embankment between fish pass cross fish space length.
In order to which the present invention is better achieved, further technical solution is：
It is set in an embodiment according to the present invention, the first gabion embankment and/or the second gabion embankment
Stroll about or have a rest supervisor, branch pipe of strolling about or have a rest, and the supervisor that strolls about or have a rest is consistent with fish pass extending direction, and the supervisor that strolls about or have a rest is by branch pipe and the fish of strolling about or have a rest
Road Guo Yu spaces connect.
Another embodiment according to the present invention, further includes antiseepage shell, and the antiseepage shell is located at gravel bed bottom,
On the outside of one gabion embankment and the second gabion embankment.
Another embodiment according to the present invention, the first gabion embankment and/or the second gabion embankment use
Rustless welding net/gabion net is formed with gravel.
Another embodiment according to the present invention, the grain size of gravel are more than 5cm.
Branch pipe is responsible for and/or is strolled about or have a rest to another embodiment according to the present invention, described stroll about or have a rest using transparent organic glass
Pipe or opaque PE pipes.
Another embodiment according to the present invention, the antiseepage shell are reinforced concrete or alloy sheets.
Another embodiment according to the present invention, setting flow adjusts stone on the gravel bed bottom.
The present invention can also be：
Another embodiment according to the present invention, fish pass set a rest pond every a distance.
Another embodiment according to the present invention, the antiseepage outer casing underpart setting basis.
Compared with prior art, one of beneficial effects of the present invention are：
A kind of gill formula fish pass of the present invention between imitative nature channel and vertical seam type fish channel, simulates nature mountain stream
A variety of fluidised forms in streams, and low-light, the environment such as dark are formed in fish pass, meet the needs of different fish, at the same provide rest,
It strolls about or have a rest place, permeable gravel bed bottom and gabion embankment can improve microhabitat and provide corresponding bait, finally make fish pass as possible
Few affected by environment, few occupation of land.
Description of the drawings
Illustrate present specification embodiment or technical solution of the prior art in order to clearer, it below will be to embodiment
Or attached drawing is briefly described needed in the description of the prior art, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only
It is the reference to some embodiments in present specification, for those skilled in the art, what is do not made the creative labor
In the case of, other attached drawings can also be obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the gill formula fish pass horizontal layout schematic diagram according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the gill formula fish pass sectional schematic diagram according to one embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, it is entitled corresponding to the reference numeral in attached drawing：
1- gravel beds bottom, 2- the first gabion embankments, 3- the second gabion embankments, 4- stroll about or have a rest supervisor, and 5- strolls about or have a rest branch pipe,
6- antiseepage shells, 7- flows adjust stone, 8- rests pond, 9- bases.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited to this with reference to embodiment.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of gill formula fish pass imitates mountain stream streams, fish pass habitat is made more to be adjacent to nature item
Part.Gill formula fish pass mainly includes gravel bed bottom 1, gabion embankment, pipe of strolling about or have a rest, flow adjusting stone 7, rest pond 8, antiseepage shell 6
With basis 9.The left and right sides of gravel bed bottom 1 sets the first gabion embankment 2 respectively, on the first gabion embankment 2 of the left and right sides
Second gabion embankment 3 is set respectively, and the fish pass between the first gabion embankment 2 of the left and right sides crosses fish space length and is less than a left side
Fish pass between the second gabion embankment 3 of right both sides crosses fish space length.First gabion embankment 2 and/or second stone
The supervisor 4 that strolls about or have a rest, branch pipe 5 of strolling about or have a rest, 4, the stroll about or have a rest supervisors consistent with fish pass extending direction of supervisor that stroll about or have a rest are set in cage embankment 3
4 cross fish space by stroll about or have a rest branch pipe 5 and fish pass connects.Antiseepage shell 6 is located at gravel bed bottom 1, the first gabion embankment 2 and the second stone
3 outside of cage embankment.
Another embodiment, the present invention will be further described below：
Gravel bed bottom 1 constitutes the bottom of gill formula fish pass, and gravel bed bottom 1 is made of the gravel of different gradation, and gravel can
Fish pass is selected to build the local gravel in ground or purchase finished product graded gravel, the graded gravel gap of gravel bed can provide attached algae,
Zoobenthos grows required attachment place, and the suspended particulate substance being deposited on graded gravel can provide having for biological growth
Machine matter nutrition.
Gabion embankment is made of gabion and pipe of strolling about or have a rest, and gabion embankment provides the bank structure of fish pass, and gabion is by rustless
Welding net or gabion net and gravel are formed, rustless welding net or gabion net for fixing loose gravel, and make its there are size not
Local gravel or purchase finished product gravel can be used in one gap, gravel, and general grain size is more than 5cm, gill formula fish pass gabion embankment
Middle gabion shares two layers, and lower part gabion embankment 2 is spaced smaller, and it is smaller to form fish pass space, smaller in flow, can be
The enough depth of water is formed in smaller fish pass space, is passed through for the smaller small fishes of volume, was saved fish and water stream, and avoided to electricity
It stands and generates larger power generation loss, top gabion embankment interval is larger, forms larger fish pass space, is having large volume fish to need
Will in the case of, can increase fish flow improve the fish pass depth of water, formed meet large volume fish by condition.By gravel
The gabion of composition is permeable structure, can for growths such as attached algae, small fishes, shrimps, based on cross fish object bait be provided
Material.And cement prefab etc. can be used in gabion embankment.
Pipe of strolling about or have a rest is divided into stroll about or have a rest supervisor 4 and branch pipe 5 of strolling about or have a rest, and is made of transparent organic glass pipe and opaque PE pipes,
Strolling about or have a rest, buried depth is in gabion in the form of inlaying for supervisor 4 and branch pipe 5 of strolling about or have a rest, wherein the supervisor that strolls about or have a rest is parallel with fish pass direction, grows
Degree is consistent with fish pass length, and every a distance, the supervisor 4 that strolls about or have a rest is accessed by branch pipe 5 of strolling about or have a rest, and branch pipe one end is connected with supervisor, and one
Gabion is directly stretched out at end, crosses fish space with fish pass and connects.Pipe buried depth stroll about or have a rest in gabion, provides the environment such as low-light and dark,
The flow velocity different from fish pass main body can be provided simultaneously, can meet the needs of different fish.Pipe of strolling about or have a rest can be cement pipe fitting or use
Specific piece stone, which is manually managed, builds out channel etc..
Flow adjusts stone 7, and flow adjusts stone 7 and is made of the block stone of different-grain diameter, and flow adjusts stone 7 and builds mountain stream flow
The torrent having, the alternating that flows slowly feature, build the flow condition of local disorders, meet need of the different fish to flow velocity and fluidised form
It asks.It can be precast concrete etc. that flow, which adjusts stone 7,.
Fish pass main body rest pond 8 at a distance setting one, rest pond 8 is carried without gabion embankment and pipe structure of strolling about or have a rest
Larger space has been supplied, while there is relatively stable fluidised form and flow velocity, fish can have been met, appropriate stop is carried out when passing through fish pass
Breath.
Antiseepage shell 6 can be made of fluid-tight reinforced concrete or alloy sheets etc., be covered in gabion embankment and gravel bed bottom 1
Except, it prevents from forming the agent structure infiltration of fish pass, has ensured that crossing fish and water stream will not leak into except fish pass when passing through fish pass,
Reduce the water requirement that fish pass maintains operation.When ground soil property is preferable, can cancel.
Basis 9 is made of column, base or square pile, bored concrete pile etc., and aqueduct can be used in fish pass, and basis 9 supports fish pass main body
Structure and the place of setting fish pass, are mainly used for weak, subsidence area；When foundation condition is preferable, special basis 9 can not be set.
For to sum up, 1) gravel bed bottom provided by the invention and gabion embankment are permeable structure, can be carried in gravel gap
For the condition for biological growths such as attached algae, zoobenthos, certain food can be provided for fish, it is good to build local condition
Microhabitat.2) it can meet that happiness is dark or the fish of poor light condition pass through fish by the guard system of strolling about or have a rest for strolling about or have a rest supervisor and branch pipe is formed
Road, while a variety of fluidised forms and space are provided and selected for fish.3) flow, which adjusts stone, can build the flow condition of local disorders, meet
Demand of the different fish to flow velocity and fluidised form.4) lobby can provide resting space of the fish when passing through fish pass, meet different
The demand that the fish of migration ability pass through fish pass.
What each embodiment stressed is all the difference with other embodiments in this specification, each embodiment it
Between identical similar portion cross-reference." one embodiment " for being spoken of in the present specification, " another embodiment ",
" embodiment " etc. refers to that the specific features, structure or the feature that combine embodiment description are included in the application generality and retouch
In at least one embodiment stated.It is not centainly to refer to same implementation that statement of the same race, which occur, in multiple places in the description
Example.Furthermore, it is understood that when describing a specific features, structure or feature with reference to any embodiment, what is advocated is to combine
Other embodiment realizes that this feature, structure or feature are also fallen within the scope of the present invention.
Although reference be made herein to invention has been described for multiple explanatory embodiments of the invention, however, it is to be understood that
Those skilled in the art can be designed that a lot of other modifications and embodiment, these modifications and embodiment will be fallen in this Shen
It please be within disclosed spirit and spirit.More specifically, the application disclose in the scope of the claims, can be to master
The building block and/or layout for inscribing composite configuration carry out a variety of variations and modifications.In addition to what is carried out to building block and/or layout
Outside variations and modifications, to those skilled in the art, other purposes also will be apparent.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of gill formula fish pass, it is characterised in that including gravel bed bottom (1), set respectively at left and right sides of the gravel bed bottom (1)
The first gabion embankment (2) is put, the second gabion embankment (3) is set respectively on the first gabion embankment (2) of the left and right sides, left and right
Fish pass between the first gabion embankment (2) of both sides crosses the second gabion embankment that fish space length is less than the left and right sides
(3) fish pass between crosses fish space length.
2. gill formula fish pass according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first gabion embankment (2) and/or described
The supervisor (4) that strolls about or have a rest is set in two gabion embankments (3), branch pipe of strolling about or have a rest (5), the supervisor (4) that strolls about or have a rest is consistent with fish pass extending direction,
The supervisor (4) that strolls about or have a rest crosses fish space with fish pass by branch pipe of strolling about or have a rest (5) and connects.
3. gill formula fish pass according to claim 1, it is characterised in that further include antiseepage shell (6), the antiseepage shell
(6) on the outside of gravel bed bottom (1), the first gabion embankment (2) and the second gabion embankment (3).
4. gill formula fish pass according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first gabion embankment (2) and/or described
Two gabion embankments (3) are formed using rustless welding net/gabion net and gravel.
5. gill formula fish pass according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the grain size of gravel is more than 5cm.
6. gill formula fish pass according to claim 2, it is characterised in that supervisor (4) and/or the branch pipe of strolling about or have a rest (5) of strolling about or have a rest
It is managed using transparent organic glass pipe or opaque PE.
7. gill formula fish pass according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the antiseepage shell (6) is reinforced concrete or alloy
Plate.
8. gill formula fish pass according to claim 3, it is characterised in that flow is set to adjust stone on the gravel bed bottom (1)
(7)。
9. gill formula fish pass according to claim 3, it is characterised in that fish pass sets a rest pond every a distance
(8)。
10. gill formula fish pass according to claim 3, it is characterised in that antiseepage shell (6) the lower part setting basis
(9)。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810005750.6A CN108193652A (en) | 2018-01-03 | 2018-01-03 | Gill formula fish pass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810005750.6A CN108193652A (en) | 2018-01-03 | 2018-01-03 | Gill formula fish pass |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108193652A true CN108193652A (en) | 2018-06-22 |
Family
ID=62587741
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810005750.6A Pending CN108193652A (en) | 2018-01-03 | 2018-01-03 | Gill formula fish pass |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108193652A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110230296A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-13 | 中国水利水电第五工程局有限公司 | A kind of imitative natural ecology fish pass and its construction method |
| CN112243928A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-22 | 湖北工业大学 | Sectional type device of whirling of laying eggs |
| CN112385598A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-02-23 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A bionical attitude parent fish pond that is used for fish multiplication station schizothorax prenanti parent fish to cultivate |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20040079359A (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2004-09-14 | 김길평 | Ecological embankment construction for river |
| CN205530165U (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-31 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Fishway of imitative nature type |
| CN106759167A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-05-31 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | A kind of imitative nature fish pass of narrow deep type for adapting to multiple target population |
-
2018
- 2018-01-03 CN CN201810005750.6A patent/CN108193652A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20040079359A (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2004-09-14 | 김길평 | Ecological embankment construction for river |
| CN205530165U (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-31 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Fishway of imitative nature type |
| CN106759167A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-05-31 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | A kind of imitative nature fish pass of narrow deep type for adapting to multiple target population |
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| 姚云鹏等: "生态河流构建原理与技术", 《水土保持研究》 * |
| 薛彦东等: "现代生态河道整治研究", 《中国农村水利水电》 * |
| 陈恺: "浅谈西牛航运枢纽工程渔道建设", 《中国水运》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110230296A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-13 | 中国水利水电第五工程局有限公司 | A kind of imitative natural ecology fish pass and its construction method |
| CN112243928A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-22 | 湖北工业大学 | Sectional type device of whirling of laying eggs |
| CN112385598A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-02-23 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A bionical attitude parent fish pond that is used for fish multiplication station schizothorax prenanti parent fish to cultivate |
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Application publication date: 20180622 |