CN105210781A

CN105210781A - A kind of grafting method improving apricot survival rate

Info

Publication number: CN105210781A
Application number: CN201510719247.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 计伟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-10-29
Filing date: 2015-10-29
Publication date: 2016-01-06

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of grafting method improving apricot survival rate, First Year sawed-off to the Jintang-Kongyu nature reserve tree trunk age of tree being greater than during mid-December 4 years by the end of October, in Second Year year to be grown to, sawed by trunk is highly extremely 110-130cm, scion is selected to carry out grafting from the red rich apricot of stalwartness again, finally wrap up otch.By this grafting method, solve the shortcoming that the age of tree is greater than the master existed in the Apricot graft of 4 years climing branch updating ability difference, accelerate tree body Cultivar replacing replacement paces, and it is fast to set body recovery growing way, disease occurs few, and cultivation branch group bearing capacity is strong.

Description

A kind of grafting method improving apricot survival rate

Technical field

The invention belongs to plant graft technical field, be specifically related to a kind of grafting method improving apricot survival rate.

Background technology

Apricot grafting high and changing head is the method for most shortcut of updating to old kind, it is from 6 to 10 strong, the climing branch of master of the climing upper selection of master of stalwartness tree body that current tradition acquires method to the height that perennial large tree is taked, grafting from different directions, the just fruit phase within after general grafting the 3rd year, can be entered, within 4th year, enter the full bearing period, less to orchard worker's loss in revenue, be that Cultivar replacing is regenerated optimum grafting method.Bud grafting bud grafting is that apricot breeds most widely used grafting method, and the bud grafting having economy, engage firmly, survival rate is high, be convenient to mend when not surviving advantage apricots such as connecing can be divided into summer budding and spring budding according to difference in period.The scion grafting nursery stock that the previous year, grafting did not survive, Second Year spring can carry out that benefit connects that especially anvil art is thick with stem grafting method, anvil fringe not easily from skin or large tree grafting high and changing head time, adopt whip grafting to choose 5-8 centimetre, there is the scion of 2-3 full bud, lower end is whittled into two faces, long face is at the homonymy of terminal bud, long 3 cm, cut one short long in the face of side, long 1 cm; Anvil art is cut off anvil and is done at level and smooth place near the ground, scabble section, in the downward vertical cut in xylem edge, the length of otch is consistent with wide and long face that is scion to be inserted otch by scion and is alignd by formation layer, the cortex of anvil art otch to be wrapped in outside scion bondage in addition and to bury soil, or entangling with plastic sack.But traditional high jointing head converting technology result of use on the age of tree apricot of more than 5 years is poor, is mainly reflected in climing branch aging update ability, disease resistance is poor, growing way is weak, cause pumping shoot ability, move outside setting fruit position.

The patent No. is that in " grafting method of a kind of jujube tree " of 201310023233.9, the graft survival rate of the jujube tree provided is lower.The patent No. is that what provide in " grafting methods of a kind of trees " of 201110103998.4 is a kind of multiple grafting, and we are by a kind of simple grafting method, and the technology that effectively can improve graft survival rate seems extremely important.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of grafting method improving apricot survival rate, the problem of master's climing branch updating ability difference that the apricot being greater than 5 years to solve the age of tree exists in grafting.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of grafting method improving apricot survival rate, First Year sawed-off to the apricot trunk age of tree being greater than during mid-December 5 years by the end of November, in Second Year year to be grown to, sawed by trunk is highly extremely 110-130 ㎝, select scion to carry out grafting from healthy and strong apricot again, finally wrap up otch.

Feature of the present invention is also, grafting method is specifically implemented according to following steps:

1. stock is cultivated

First Year by the end of November to during mid-December, the apricot trunk saw age of tree being greater than 5 years is highly extremely overhead 6-10 ㎝, Second Year late July to be grown to, sawed by trunk is overhead extremely highly 110-130 ㎝, and be the otch of 3 ㎝ to incision degree of depth in the centre position of sawed trunk end face, obtain stock;

2. scion process

From the apricot of stalwartness, select the green branch of maturation raw then as scion, scion diameter is not more than diameter of stock, this scion is cut into the branch section that length is 12.0-13.0 ㎝, stay 3 full buds each section upper end, the both sides of each section lower end are whittled into the inclination bevel that length is 2.5-3.5 ㎝;

3. grafting

By step 2. in the otch of stock that 1. obtains of the lower end inserting step of scion handled well, make the bevel of scion aim at the formation layer of stock incision, and scion is showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally is highly 0.2-0.4 ㎝;

4. otch wrapping

By step 3. in the stock plastic strip that grafts tight along the wrapping of stock outer wall, the tangent plane seal and shear oil on the scion top grafted seals, the wound healing of stock well after solution tie up.

Feature of the present invention is also,

Wherein step 1. in apricot trunk First Year by the end of November to during mid-December by the process of growth after sawed-off, when trunk grows to highly for 85-95 ㎝, pinching is carried out once to trunk.

Wherein step 2. in scion process when the maximum air temperature reaches 24-31 DEG C.

Wherein step 4. in the stock that bandages, after branch pumping length is not less than 20 ㎝, solution is tied up.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the present invention is by the grafting method of a kind of apricot, solve the shortcoming of master's climing branch updating ability difference that apricot that the age of tree is greater than 5 years exists in grafting, accelerate tree body Cultivar replacing replacement paces, and tree body recovery growing way is fast, disease occurs few, and cultivation branch group bearing capacity is strong.

Embodiment

The apricot survival rate of embodiment 1: the 8 year age of tree grafting method to 92%

At First Year by the end of November to during mid-December, being sawed by the Jintang-Kongyu nature reserve tree trunk of 8 years raw age of trees is overhead extremely highly 6 ㎝, in trunk grow process, when trunk grow to be highly 90 ㎝ time, carrying out pinching once to trunk, Second Year late July to be grown to, is overhead extremely highly 130 ㎝ by trunk saw, and be the otch of 3 ㎝ to incision degree of depth in the centre position of sawed trunk end face, namely obtain stock.

From the red rich kind apricot of stalwartness, select the green branch of maturation raw then as scion, scion diameter is not more than diameter of stock, when the maximum air temperature reaches 27.5 DEG C, this scion is cut into the branch section that length is 12.0 ㎝, stays 3 full buds each section upper end, the both sides of each section lower end are whittled into the inclination bevel that length is 3 ㎝, bevel is level and smooth, namely handles scion well.

The lower end of scion handled well is inserted in the otch of stock, makes the bevel of scion aim at the formation layer of stock incision, and scion is showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally be highly 0.4 ㎝, the moisture abundance of stock and scion before and after grafting, will be ensured.

The stock plastic strip grafted is tight along the wrapping of stock outer wall, and plastic strip toughness will be got well, and bondage will be tightened, and the tangent plane seal and shear oil on the scion top grafted seals, and treat that branch pumping length is 25 ㎝, after the wound healing of stock, solution is tied up.

After grafting the 3rd year added, it is fast that tree body recovers growing way, and disease occurs few, and robust growth, enters the phase of bearing fruit on the 4th year, and it is strong to cultivate branch group bearing capacity, and graft survival rate reaches 92%, accelerates the paces that tree body Cultivar replacing is regenerated.

The apricot survival rate of embodiment 2: the 6 years age of trees grafting method to 95%

At First Year by the end of November to during mid-December, being sawed by the Jintang-Kongyu nature reserve tree trunk of 6 years raw age of trees is overhead extremely highly 8.5 ㎝, in trunk grow process, when trunk grow to be highly 95 ㎝ time, carrying out pinching once to trunk, Second Year late July to be grown to, is overhead extremely highly 120 ㎝ by trunk saw, and be the otch of 3 ㎝ to incision degree of depth in the centre position of sawed trunk end face, namely obtain stock.

From the red rich kind apricot of stalwartness, select the green branch of maturation raw then as scion, scion diameter is not more than diameter of stock, when the maximum air temperature reaches 24 DEG C, this scion is cut into the branch section that length is 12.5 ㎝, stays 3 full buds each section upper end, the both sides of each section lower end are whittled into the inclination bevel that length is 3.5 ㎝, bevel is level and smooth, namely handles scion well.

The lower end of scion handled well is inserted in the otch of stock, makes the bevel of scion aim at the formation layer of stock incision, and scion is showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally be highly 0.3 ㎝, the moisture abundance of stock and scion before and after grafting, will be ensured.

The stock plastic strip grafted is tight along the wrapping of stock outer wall, and plastic strip toughness will be got well, and bondage will be tightened, and the tangent plane seal and shear oil on the scion top grafted seals, and treat that branch pumping length is 20 ㎝, after the wound healing of stock, solution is tied up.

After grafting the 3rd year added, it is fast that tree body recovers growing way, and disease occurs few, and robust growth, enters the phase of bearing fruit on the 4th year, and it is strong to cultivate branch group bearing capacity, and graft survival rate reaches 95%, accelerates the paces that tree body Cultivar replacing is regenerated.

Embodiment three:: the apricot survival rate of the 9 years age of trees grafting method to 97%

At First Year by the end of November to during mid-December, being sawed by the Jintang-Kongyu nature reserve tree trunk of 9 years raw age of trees is overhead extremely highly 10 ㎝, in trunk grow process, when trunk grow to be highly 85 ㎝ time, carrying out pinching once to trunk, Second Year late July to be grown to, is overhead extremely highly 110 ㎝ by trunk saw, and be the otch of 3 ㎝ to incision degree of depth in the centre position of sawed trunk end face, namely obtain stock.

From the red rich kind apricot of stalwartness, select the green branch of maturation raw then as scion, scion diameter is not more than diameter of stock, when the maximum air temperature reaches 31 DEG C, this scion is cut into the branch section that length is 13.0 ㎝, stays 3 full buds each section upper end, the both sides of each section lower end are whittled into the inclination bevel that length is 2.5 ㎝, bevel is level and smooth, namely handles scion well.

The lower end of scion handled well is inserted in the otch of stock, makes the bevel of scion aim at the formation layer of stock incision, and scion is showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally be highly 0.2 ㎝, the moisture abundance of stock and scion before and after grafting, will be ensured.

The stock plastic strip grafted is tight along the wrapping of stock outer wall, and plastic strip toughness will be got well, and bondage will be tightened, and the tangent plane seal and shear oil on the scion top grafted seals, and treat that branch pumping length is 35 ㎝, after the wound healing of stock, solution is tied up.

After grafting the 3rd year added, it is fast that tree body recovers growing way, and disease occurs few, and robust growth, enters the phase of bearing fruit on the 4th year, and it is strong to cultivate branch group bearing capacity, and graft survival rate reaches 97%, accelerates the paces that tree body Cultivar replacing is regenerated.

Claims

1. one kind is improved the grafting method of apricot survival rate, it is characterized in that, First Year sawed-off to the apricot trunk age of tree being greater than during mid-December 5 years by the end of November, in Second Year year to be grown to, sawed by trunk is highly extremely 110-130 ㎝, select scion to carry out grafting from healthy and strong apricot again, finally wrap up otch.

2. grafting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, specifically implement according to following steps:

1. stock is cultivated

2. scion process

3. grafting

4. otch wrapping

3. grafting method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described step step 1. in apricot trunk First Year by the end of November to during mid-December by the process of growth after sawed-off, when trunk grows to highly for 85-95 ㎝, pinching is carried out once to trunk.

4. grafting method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 2. in scion process when the maximum air temperature reaches 24-31 DEG C.

5. grafting method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 4. in the stock that bandages, after branch pumping length is not less than 20 ㎝, solution is tied up.