CN105206142B - A kind of experiment device for teaching for intuitively changing displacement method - Google Patents
A kind of experiment device for teaching for intuitively changing displacement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105206142B CN105206142B CN201510707959.3A CN201510707959A CN105206142B CN 105206142 B CN105206142 B CN 105206142B CN 201510707959 A CN201510707959 A CN 201510707959A CN 105206142 B CN105206142 B CN 105206142B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of experiment device for teaching for intuitively changing displacement, and the device includes rigid-framed structure, worm and gear loading device, support and restraint device, restricted joint angle and loading device and measuring apparatus.Rigid-framed structure is formed by connecting by orthogonal rectangular thin-wall rod member by rigid joint disk；Worm and gear loading device realizes the loading and unloading to rigid-framed structure；Supporting and restraint device include constraint supporting and the reaction frame of rigid-framed structure, and the constraint support of rigid-framed structure includes hold-down support and hinged-support, reaction frame reaction frame and base composition；Restricted joint angle and loading device measure angular displacement numerical value by rotary angle transmitter；Measuring apparatus includes force sensor, foil gauge and rotary angle transmitter.The device experimental model flexibility and changeability；According to the needs of experiment content, different branch's experimental models can be assembled, carry out the displacement method experiment of a variety of methods, various method acquired results are easy to be compared and contrasted with notional result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to civil engineering structural mechanics experimental teaching field, it is related to a kind of reality for intuitively changing displacement method
Experiment device.
Background technology
Structural mechanics is institution of higher learning's civil engineering mandatory subject, and wherein displacement method is that structural mechanics solution is indeterminate
Structure internal force and basic skills of displacement under static load.
Redundant structure is computationally different from statically determinate structure, and the internal force of redundant structure can not be singly from static balance condition
Obtain, it is necessary to while consider deformation compatibility condition.For the convenience of computational problem, often in all unknown quantitys of redundant structure
A portion is chosen as fundamental unknown variables.Displacement method is to take some displacements to make fundamental unknown variables, according to standing balance bar
Part solves a kind of method of redundant structure.
The teaching method of institution of higher learning's structural mechanics is mainly theory teaching at present, due to lacking the experiment to correlation theory
Checking, cause part classmate to understand correlation theory not deep enough, or even correlation theory is thrown doubt upon.In institution of higher learning's structure
The inexorable trend that experiment content is Teaching of Structural Mechanics development from now on is introduced in the daily teaching of mechanics.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, change the present situation for lacking related experiment content in current Teaching of Structural Mechanics, invent
A kind of experiment device for teaching for intuitively changing displacement method, the experiment device for teaching can realize the structural mechanics displacement method content of courses
Experiment, realize the checking to displacement law theory, and can by testing the reason for finding out experimental error with theoretical difference,
Make classmates in personal practice and analysis, deeper into the knowwhy for understanding displacement method.
Technical scheme is as follows：
It is a kind of by the experiment device for teaching that displacement method is intuitively changed by rigid-framed structure, worm and gear loading device, restricted joint angle
And loading device, support and restraint device and measuring apparatus composition.
The rigid-framed structure is made up of vertical rectangular thin-wall rod member 3a, horizontal rectangular thin-wall rod member 3b and rigid joint disk 4a.
Vertical rectangular thin-wall rod member 3a one end is connected by bolt with reeded first rigid joint disk 4a；The other end by bolt with
It is connected with reeded second rigid joint disk 4b, realizes the connection of rigid-framed structure and hold-down support.Horizontal rectangular thin-wall rod member 3b
One end is connected by bolt with reeded first rigid joint disk 4a；The other end is by bolt and with reeded pin joint disk
5 are connected, and realize the connection of rigid-framed structure and hinged-support.Rigid joint disk and pin joint disk use firm with institute link member identical
Degree, it is connected with node disk the rigidity model such as to form by bolt.
The worm and gear loading device is made up of worm and gear lift 6, load bar 9, ball pivot 8 and rod member fixture 10.
The one end of worm and gear lift 6 is fixedly connected by bolt with the first trolley platform 12a, and the first trolley platform 12a passes through bottom
Four pieces of sliding blocks be installed on the guide rail of reaction frame 1, the first trolley platform 12a can arbitrarily be adjusted along the guide rail of reaction frame 1 height；Worm gear
The other end of worm screw lift 6 is connected by screw thread with force snesor 7, and worm and gear lift 6 is by rotation hand wheel to rigid frame knot
Structure is further applied load；Force snesor 7 is connected by screw thread with ball pivot 8, and ball pivot 8 is connected by screw thread with load bar 9, and load bar 9 is logical
Cross screw thread to be connected with rod member fixture 10, ball pivot 8 avoids loading device curved to rigid-framed structure generation by freely rotating for its own
The influence of square；Rod member fixture 10 includes pin 23, loading joint element for bar 22 and two pieces of different size of rod member intermediate plates 24；Big bar
There is pin-and-hole the side of part intermediate plate 24, and there is pin-and-hole loading joint element for bar 22 side, the two is linked together by pin 23；Thin Rectangular
Wall rod member 3a passes perpendicularly through the groove that two pieces of rod member intermediate plates 24 are formed, and has four bolts hole on every piece of rod member intermediate plate 24, passes through spiral shell
Bolt connects rectangular thin-wall rod member 3a and rod member intermediate plate 24；Rod member fixture 10 can realize loading device and horizontal thin-walled bar 3b
Or vertical thin-walled bar 3a connections, while moment of flexure transmission is avoided by the latch structure of rod member fixture 10.Loaded and filled by worm and gear
Put, realize the loading and unloading to rigid-framed structure, worm and gear loading device is manually controllable to apply pulling force and pressure, passes through power
Sensor 7 show on computers added by load, realize the loading and unloading to rigid-framed structure.
Restricted joint angle and loading device are made up of X-Y to follow-up work bench 20, torque sensor 18 and leading screw reductor 19,
X-Y is to follow-up work bench 20 by horizontal guide rail 13d, upright guide rail 13c, the 6th trolley platform 12f and the 7th trolley platform 12g groups
Into.The one end of torque sensor 18 is bolted on the first rigid joint disk 4a, in other end insertion leading screw reductor 19；Silk
Thick stick reductor 19 is installed on the 6th trolley platform 12f by bolt, and the 6th trolley platform 12f passes through sliding block and upright guide rail
13c is connected, and upright guide rail 13c passes through boltWith the 7thTrolley platform 12g is connected, and the 7th trolley platform 12g passes through sliding block and water
Level gauge 13d is connected, and horizontal guide rail 13d is by bolt with being connected in the middle part of the flat board of lateral reaction frame 21.X-Y is to follow-up work bench 20
Restricted joint angle and loading device can be made freely to be moved with structure along horizontal guide rail 13d and upright guide rail 13c；Restricted joint angle and add
Carry and put available for constraint rigid-framed structure in the first rigid joint disk 4a rotation, rigid-framed structure can be measured by torque sensor and existed
Moment of torsion caused by node；Restricted joint angle and loading device can also be turned round by applying to rigid-framed structure the first rigid joint disk 4a
Square, rigid-framed structure is produced angular displacement at node, angular displacement numerical value can be measured by rotary angle transmitter.
Support and restraint device are made up of the constraint support of reaction frame and rigid-framed structure.
The reaction frame is the diversified forms such as " L " shape rigid frame, door shape rigid frame, by reaction frame 1, lateral reaction frame 21 and bottom
Seat 2 forms, and base 2 has two, the sill bottom of reaction frame 1 is fixed on, for supporting whole device.The reaction frame 1 by
Two crossbeams up and down of built-in guide rail and the column of the left and right of built-in guide rail two are formed, and snail can be fixed on each crossbeam and column
Worm and gear lift 6 and trolley platform, sill fix the second trolley platform 12b, and a heel post fixes the first trolley platform
12a；Lateral reaction frame 21 is made up of flat board and column, and column is connected down through sliding block with the lower and upper cross-member of reaction frame 1, and flat board leads to
Cross sliding block with column to be connected, flat board can slide up and down on column；Lateral reaction frame 21 is used for installing angle and constrains and load
Device, flat board middle part are connected by bolt with X-Y to the horizontal guide rail 13d of follow-up work bench.
The constraint support of the rigid-framed structure includes hold-down support and fixed-hinged support.Hold-down support is by first level bearing
Sensor 11a, the first vertical support sensor 11b, the second rigid joint disk 4b compositions；Pinboard bottom is small with second by bolt
Car platform 12b is connected, and pinboard side is connected by bolt with first level bearing sensor 11a；First level bearing senses
Reeded second rigid joint disk 4b is arranged in device 11a insertions, is connected thereto by bolt；First vertical support sensor 11b upper ends
Insert in the second rigid joint disk 4b, lower end is connected by bolt with the second trolley platform 12b, and the second trolley platform 12b is fixed on
On reaction frame sill.Fixed-hinged support is by the second horizontal seat sensor 11c, the second vertical support sensor 11d, pin joint
Disk 5, hinged-support horizontal guide rail 13a, hinged-support vertical guide 13b, the 3rd trolley platform 12c, the 4th trolley platform 12d, the 5th
Trolley platform 12e, screw-threaded shaft elevator 15 and box platform 16 form, wherein the second horizontal seat sensor 11c is detachable, make solid
Determine hinged-support and be changed into movable hinged shoe；Second horizontal seat sensor 11c and the insertion of second vertical support sensor 11d one end
Arrange in reeded pin joint disk 5, and be connected thereto by bolt；The second vertical support sensor 11d other ends pass through the 4th
Trolley platform 12d is connected with horizontal guide rail 13a, the second horizontal seat sensor 11c other ends by the 3rd trolley platform 12c with
Vertical guide 13b is connected.Horizontal guide rail 13a is arranged on box platform 16 by bolt；Vertical guide 13b is installed by bolt
In pinboard side, pinboard opposite side is connected with connector 14, and pinboard bottom is connected to water by the 5th trolley platform 12e
On level gauge 13a.Screw-threaded shaft elevator 15 is arranged on the side of box platform 16, is connected by connector 14 with pinboard, can be used for
Rigid-framed structure is limited or applies horizontal displacement, box platform 16 is fixed on reaction frame sill.
Measuring apparatus includes force snesor 7, foil gauge and rotary angle transmitter 17.Strain gauge adhesion is in rectangular thin-wall rod member two
Side diverse location, pass through surveyed strain value and calculate rod member internal force size；Force snesor 7 measures worm and gear lift 6 to rigid frame
The payload values that structure is applied；Rotary angle transmitter 17 is fixed on the second rigid joint disk 4a of rigid-framed structure, can measure rigid joint
Pan Chu corner；Above measuring apparatus is connected by data acquisition and analysis system with computer, by computer to each item data
Monitored in real time.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：According to the needs of experiment content, different points can be assembled out in displacement method experimental provision
Portion's experimental model, can carry out a variety of methods displacement method experiment, various method acquired results be easy to be compared and with theory
Comparative result.Device structure set Experiments of Machanics model, loading device and the measurement apparatus are in one, according to the needs of experiment content
Foil gauge can be pasted in the diverse location of rod member, be loaded in the diverse location of rod member, experimental model flexibility and changeability.Pass through experiment
Checking, this displacement method experimental provision experimental results error very little compared with structural mechanics calculates gained theoretical value, is adapted to height
Carry out related teaching experiment and further design expansion in school.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is restricted joint angle and loading device top view.
Fig. 2 is worm and gear loading device detail drawing.
Fig. 3 is means for jointing rods detail drawing.
Fig. 4 is experimental provision internal structure detail drawing.
Fig. 5 is displacement method experimental provision no sway rigid frame original structure figure.
Fig. 6 is that displacement method experimental provision load acts solely on no sway rigid frame figure.
Fig. 7 is that displacement method experimental provision node corner acts solely on no sway rigid frame figure.
Fig. 8 is displacement method experimental provision side moves rigid frame original structure figure.
Fig. 9 is that displacement method experimental provision load and horizontal displacement of the lines act on side moves rigid frame figure.
Figure 10 is that displacement method experimental provision node corner and horizontal displacement of the lines act on side moves rigid frame figure.
In figure：1 reaction frame；2 bases；The vertical rectangular thin-wall rod members of 3a；3b transverse direction rectangular thin-wall rod members；The rigid joints of 4a first
Disk；4b the second rigid joint disks；5 pin joint disks；6 worm and gear lifts；7 force snesors；8 ball pivots；9 load bars；10 rod members press from both sides
Tool；11a first level bearing sensors；11b the first vertical support sensors；11c the second horizontal seat sensors；11d second
Vertical support sensor；The trolley platforms of 12a first；The trolley platforms of 12b second；The trolley platforms of 12c the 3rd；The dollies of 12d the 4th are put down
Platform；The trolley platforms of 12e the 5th；The trolley platforms of 12f the 6th；The trolley platforms of 12g the 7th；13a hinged-support horizontal guide rails；13b is hinged
Seat vertical guide；13c vertical guides；13d horizontal guide rails；14 connectors；15 screw-threaded shaft elevators；16 box platforms；17 corners pass
Sensor；18 torque sensors；19 leading screw reductors；20X-Y is to follow-up work bench；21 lateral reaction framves；22 loading joint element for bar；
23 pins；24 rod member intermediate plates.
Embodiment
The present invention on rigid-framed structure rod member by being further applied load or applying at rigid-framed structure node node corner, line position
Move, measure the internal force of structure and displacement in each branch's experiment.Using theorem on displacement, to being tied under load and each displacement independent role
The internal force of structure and displacement are overlapped, and are solved internal force and displacement of the load action on rigid-framed structure, are verified theorem on displacement
Correctness.
Embodiments of the present invention are described further with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The specific peace of experimental provision
Dress and embodiment are as follows：
Embodiment 1：The displacement method experiment of no sway rigid frame
Fig. 5 is displacement method experimental provision no sway rigid frame original structure figure.
Rigid-framed structure is made up of vertical rectangular thin-wall rod member 3a, horizontal rectangular thin-wall rod member 3b and the first rigid joint disk 4a.
Vertical rectangular thin-wall rod member 3a one end is connected by bolt with reeded first rigid joint disk 4a；The other end by bolt with
It is connected with reeded second rigid joint disk 4b, realizes the connection of rigid-framed structure and hold-down support.Horizontal rectangular thin-wall rod member 3b
One end is connected by bolt with reeded first rigid joint disk 4a；The other end is by bolt and with reeded pin joint disk
5 are connected, and realize the connection of rigid-framed structure and hinged-support.
Worm and gear loading device is by worm and gear lift 6, force snesor 7, ball pivot 8, load bar 9 and rod member fixture
10, it is connected through a screw thread form from beginning to end successively.Rod member fixture 10 is connected with vertical thin-walled bar 3a, applies lotus to rigid-framed structure
Carry.
Strain gauge adhesion passes through surveyed strain value and calculates rod member internal force in rectangular thin-wall rod member 3a, 3b both sides diverse location
Size；Force snesor 7 measures the payload values that worm and gear lift 6 is applied to rigid-framed structure；Rotary angle transmitter 17 is fixed on
On first rigid joint disk 4a of rigid-framed structure, the first rigid joint Pan4aChu corner can be measured；Above measuring apparatus is all connected to
Computer, each item data is monitored in real time by computer.
Fig. 6 is that displacement method experimental provision load acts solely on no sway rigid frame figure.
The mounting means of Fig. 6 structures is on the basis of Fig. 5 structures, after the first rigid joint disk 4aSideTo reaction frame 21
On, the corner as shown in Figure 1 formed from torque sensor 18, leading screw reductor 19 and X-Y to follow-up work bench 20 is installed about
Beam and loading device, rotation of the limitation rigid-framed structure in rigid joint Pan4Chu.Rigid frame is applied by above-mentioned worm and gear loading device
Loading carries, and by adjusting restricted joint angle and loading device, it is zero to make rigid-framed structure corner at rotary angle transmitter 17, is measured simultaneously
The moment of torsion that torque sensor 18 is born.
Fig. 7 is that displacement method experimental provision node corner acts solely on no sway rigid frame figure.The mounting means of Fig. 7 structures is
On the basis of Fig. 6 structures, above-mentioned worm and gear loading device is removed.Rigid-framed structure is existed by restricted joint angle and loading device
Rigid joint Pan4Chu applies moment of torsion, and by the rotary angle transmitter 17 being installed on rigid joint disk 4, measurement rigid-framed structure is in rigid joint
Pan4Chu corner.
Embodiment 2:The displacement method experiment of side moves rigid frame
Fig. 8 is displacement method experimental provision side moves rigid frame original structure figure.The mounting means of Fig. 8 structures is in Fig. 5 structures
On the basis of, the second horizontal seat sensor 11c at fixed-hinged support is removed, fixed-hinged support is changed into movable hinged shoe.
Rigid-framed structure is further applied load by above-mentioned worm and gear loading device, and the corner by being installed on the first rigid joint disk 4a passes
Sensor 17, measure under load action rigid-framed structure corner caused by the first rigid joint disk 4a.
Fig. 9 is that displacement method experimental provision load and horizontal displacement of the lines act on side moves rigid frame figure.The installation side of Fig. 9 structures
Formula is on the basis of Fig. 6 structures, removes the second horizontal seat sensor 11c at fixed-hinged support, turns fixed-hinged support
It is changed into movable hinged shoe.Rigid frame is further applied load by above-mentioned worm and gear loading device, by adjusting restricted joint angle and loading
Device, it is zero to make rigid-framed structure corner at rotary angle transmitter 17, while measures the moment of torsion that torque sensor 18 is born.
Figure 10 is that displacement method experimental provision node corner and horizontal displacement of the lines act on side moves rigid frame figure.Figure 10 structures
Mounting means is on the basis of Fig. 7 structures, removes the second horizontal seat sensor 11c at fixed-hinged support, makes to fix hinge
Bearing is changed into movable hinged shoe.Moment of torsion is applied in rigid joint Pan4Chu to rigid-framed structure by restricted joint angle and loading device, led to
Cross the rotary angle transmitter 17 being installed on rigid joint disk 4, corner of the measurement rigid-framed structure in rigid joint Pan4Chu.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of experiment device for teaching for intuitively changing displacement method, it is characterised in that including rigid-framed structure, worm and gear loading dress
Put, restricted joint angle and loading device, support and restraint device and measuring apparatus；
The rigid-framed structure is by vertical rectangular thin-wall rod member (3a), horizontal rectangular thin-wall rod member (3b) and the first rigid joint disk (4a)
Composition；Vertical rectangular thin-wall rod member (3a) one end is fixedly connected with the first rigid joint disk (4a), the other end and the second rigid joint disk
(4b) is fixedly connected, and realizes the connection of rigid-framed structure and hold-down support；Just tied with first horizontal rectangular thin-wall rod member (3b) one end
Point disk (4a) is fixedly connected, and the other end is fixedly connected with pin joint disk (5), realizes being fixedly connected for rigid-framed structure and hinged-support；
First rigid joint disk, the second rigid joint disk and pin joint disk use with institute's link member identical rigidity, pass through bolt and node
Disk connects the rigidity model such as to form；
The worm and gear loading device is by worm and gear lift (6), load bar (9), ball pivot (8) and rod member fixture (10) group
Into；Worm and gear lift (6) one end is fixedly connected with trolley platform (12a), and the first trolley platform (12a) is installed to reaction frame
(1) on guide rail, the first trolley platform (12a) can adjust height, worm and gear lift (6) other end along reaction frame (1) guide rail
It is connected with force snesor (7), worm and gear lift (6) is further applied load by rotation hand wheel to rigid-framed structure；Force snesor
(7), ball pivot (8), load bar (9) and rod member fixture (10) pass sequentially through threaded connection；Rod member fixture (10) realizes loading device
With the connection of horizontal thin-walled bar (3b) or vertical thin-walled bar (3a), rod member fixture (10) includes pin (23), load bar connects
Fitting (22) and rod member intermediate plate (24), loading joint element for bar (22) are connected with rod member intermediate plate (24) by pin (23), Thin Rectangular
Wall rod member (3a) passes perpendicularly through the groove of rod member intermediate plate (24) formation and is fixedly connected with rod member intermediate plate (24)；Control worm gear manually
Worm screw loading device applies pulling force and pressure to rigid-framed structure, shown on computers by force snesor (7) added by load；
The restricted joint angle and loading device are from X-Y to follow-up work bench (20), torque sensor (18) and leading screw reductor
(19) form, X-Y to follow-up work bench (20) by horizontal guide rail (13d), upright guide rail (13c), the 6th trolley platform (12f) and
7th trolley platform (12g) forms；Torque sensor (18) one end is fixedly connected with the first rigid joint disk (4a), and the other end is inserted
Enter in leading screw reductor (19)；Leading screw reductor (19) is installed on the 6th trolley platform (12f), the 6th trolley platform (12f)
Be connected with upright guide rail (13c), upright guide rail (13c) is connected with the 7th trolley platform (12g), the 7th trolley platform (12g) with
Horizontal guide rail (13d) connects, and horizontal guide rail (13d) in the middle part of lateral reaction frame (21) flat board with being connected；X-Y is to follow-up work bench
(20) restricted joint angle and loading device are realized along horizontal guide rail (13d) and upright guide rail (13c) free movement, restricted joint angle and is added
Carry and put by applying moment of torsion to the first rigid joint disk (4a), angular displacement is produced at node in rigid-framed structure, is passed by corner
Sensor (17) measures angular displacement numerical value；
The support and restraint device are made up of the constraint support of reaction frame and rigid-framed structure；
The reaction frame is made up of reaction frame (1), lateral reaction frame (21) and base (2), and base (2) is fixed on reaction frame
(1) sill bottom, for supporting whole device；Reaction frame (1) by built-in guide rail two crossbeams and built-in guide rail up and down
Left and right two columns composition, each crossbeam or column can fix worm and gear lift (6) and trolley platform, sill are fixed
Second trolley platform (12b), a heel post fix the first trolley platform (12a)；Lateral reaction frame (21) is by flat board and column group
Into column is connected down through sliding block with reaction frame (1) lower and upper cross-member, and flat board is connected by sliding block with column, and flat board can be
Slided up and down on column；Lateral reaction frame (21) is used for installing angle constraint and loading device, passes through bolt and X-Y in the middle part of flat board
It is connected to the horizontal guide rail (13d) of follow-up work bench；
The constraint support of the rigid-framed structure includes hold-down support and fixed-hinged support；Hold-down support is sensed by first level bearing
Device (11a), the first vertical bearing sensor (11b) and the second rigid joint disk (4b) composition；Put down with the second dolly pinboard bottom
Platform (12b) connects, and pinboard side is connected with first level bearing sensor (11a), first level bearing sensor (11a) and
Second rigid joint disk (4b) connects, and the first vertical bearing sensor (11b) upper end is connected with the second rigid joint disk (4b), lower end and
Second trolley platform (12b) is connected, and the second trolley platform (12b) is fixed on reaction frame sill；Fixed-hinged support is by second
Horizontal seat sensor (11c), the second vertical bearing sensor (11d), pin joint disk (5), hinged-support horizontal guide rail (13a) and
Hinged-support vertical guide (13b) forms；Second vertical bearing sensor (11d) and second horizontal seat sensor (11c) one end
It is connected with pin joint disk (5), second vertical bearing sensor (11d) other end passes through the 4th trolley platform (12d) and hinged-support
Horizontal guide rail (13a) connects, and second horizontal seat sensor (11c) other end passes through the 3rd trolley platform (12c) and hinged-support
Vertical guide (13b) connects；Hinged-support horizontal guide rail (13a) is arranged on box platform (16), hinged-support vertical guide (13b)
Installed in pinboard side, pinboard opposite side is connected with connector (14), and pinboard bottom passes through the 5th trolley platform (12e)
It is connected on hinged-support horizontal guide rail (13a)；Screw-threaded shaft elevator (15) is arranged on box platform (16) side, passes through connector
(14) it is connected with pinboard, available for limiting rigid-framed structure or applying horizontal displacement, box platform (16) is fixed on reaction frame
On sill；
The measuring apparatus includes force snesor (7), foil gauge, rotary angle transmitter (17)；Strain gauge adhesion is in rectangular thin-wall bar
Part (3a, 3b) both sides diverse location, pass through surveyed strain value and calculate rod member internal force size；Force snesor (7) measures worm and gear
The payload values that lift (6) is applied to rigid-framed structure；Rotary angle transmitter (17) is fixed on the first rigid joint disk of rigid-framed structure
On (4a), the corner at first rigid joint disk (4a) place is surveyed；Above measuring apparatus is all connected to computer, by computer to items
Data are monitored in real time.
A kind of 2. experiment device for teaching for intuitively changing displacement method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the rigid frame knot
Structure is " L " shape rigid frame OR gate shape rigid frame.
3. a kind of experiment device for teaching for intuitively changing displacement method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described the
Detachably, fixed-hinged support is changed into removable hinged-support to two horizontal seat sensors (11c) after removal.
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