CN105198592A - Banana controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Banana controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105198592A CN105198592A CN201510621882.8A CN201510621882A CN105198592A CN 105198592 A CN105198592 A CN 105198592A CN 201510621882 A CN201510621882 A CN 201510621882A CN 105198592 A CN105198592 A CN 105198592A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a banana controlled-release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation. The banana controlled-release fertilizer comprises, by weight, 50-150 parts of packing materials and 200-1,400 parts of granular fertilizer and is prepared according to the steps of grinding, extracting, filtering, concentrating, fermenting, granulating, drying, cooling, packing and the like. The banana controlled-release fertilizer is of moderate and stable controlled-release rate and balanced nutrition, is lower in loss and higher in utilization efficiency and is capable of promoting rapid healthy growth of bananas, increasing banana yield and sugar content, preventing pest and disease damage effectively, improving soil environment and preserving eco-environment protection.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to fertilizer preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of banana controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
[background technology]
Banana is the fast-growing economic plants that south China is extensively planted, comparatively large to the demand of nutrient in process of growth, therefore must impose fertilizer its growing period is enough, banana production just can be made to reach high level.The fast growing period of banana is in summer, now just south China area the rainy time, be not easy to the carrying out of fertilising work on the one hand, the fertilizer executed of the opposing party's toilet easily runs off with rainfall frequently, have impact on the efficiency of fertilising, soluble inorganic fertilizer can dissolve with fast speed, causes fertilizer to waste, also result in the eutrophication pollution of water body simultaneously, greatly constrain fertilizer special for banana material promoting the use of in China.
For this reason, people is had to prepare slowly-releasing (controlled release) fertilizer by the mode increasing coating at fertilizer surface.Such as, patent documentation (patent No.: ZL201120068726.0) discloses with so-called organic-inorganic integument and the coated slow-released compound fertilizer special for bananas of organic-capping layer, but wherein the main component of organic-inorganic integument is humic acids and excellent powder, itself meets water rapid dispersion, the effect of slowly-releasing (controlled release) cannot be played, be also only shown to be the effect played and improve disease resistance of plant in the publication; The main component of organic-capping layer is the plastics such as aminoresin, polyvinyl alcohol and Derlin, and degradation speed own is slow, effectively cannot discharge inner fertilizer, and plastic components accumulates and also easily causes white pollution in soil.
And for example, patent documentation (patent No.: ZL200710113497.8) discloses a kind of banana special-purpose control-release fertilizer, it has wrapped up urea with thermoplastic resin, but the inorganic componentss soluble in water such as potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, sulfuric acid two ammonium and borax are not but wrapped up, just in process of production thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea is stirred together with above-mentioned inorganic components, so in fact, 0 is almost to slowly-releasing (controlled release) ability of these inorganic componentss, so wherein also Use out of range potash fertilizer.In addition, what this banana special-purpose control-release fertilizer also cannot avoid thermoplastic resin to cause cannot effectively discharge and the problem such as white pollution.
China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer play very important effect in agriculture production, and along with the raising of people's living standard and health perception, people pay much attention to the security of agricultural-food, increase year by year demand that is nuisanceless, green food.
Current cultural control disease and pest and farm crop institute are to fertilize, mainly use chemicals and toxic pesticides through mix and blend, to be manured into soil or on farm crop, life-time service year in year out, a large amount of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer, cause insect to produce resistance, soil compaction, pollute water source soil and farm crop, agricultural product quality declines, and pesticide residue exceed standard the physical and mental health and the competitive power of agricultural products in China in world market that have a strong impact on people.Therefore, a kind of controlled release rate is developed moderate stable and the fertilizer with Biocidal type is development trend.
[summary of the invention]
The invention provides a kind of banana controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof, to solve fertilizer control release weak effect, fertilizer utilization efficiency is low, a large amount of agricultural chemicals and fertilizer application, cause insect to produce resistance, soil compaction, water source soil and farm crop pollute, agricultural product quality declines, and pesticide residue exceed standard serious and cause the problems such as food safety.Fertilizer control release speed of the present invention is moderate and stable, balanced in nutrition, effectively can reduce the turnover rate of fertilizer, improves the utilising efficiency of fertilizer, promotes that banana is grown up healthy and sound fast, improves banana production and sugared content; Simultaneously also can preventing disease and pest effectively, improve edatope, keep ecological, environmental protective.
For solving above technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of banana controlled-release fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 50-150 part, fertiliser granulates 200-1400 part;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 30-80 part, binding agent 20-70 part, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 8-25 part, terra alba 8-20 part, diatomite 4-10 part, wilkinite 4-10 part, peat 4-10 part, primary ammonium phosphate powder 1-3 part, potassium nitrate powder 1-2 part, described binding agent, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: starch 16-55 part, phosphoric acid salt 3-8 part, oxygenant 0.5-4 part, coupling agent 0.5-3 part;
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Sabadilla 30-290 part, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 30-290 part, China tree 25-170 part, tea tree 25-170 part, Herba Patriniae 25-170 part, onion 25-170 part, yellow humic acid 15-60 part, waste residue 10-30 part, Fushou spiral shell powder 10-30 part, biological bacteria 3-12 part, micro-2-8 part.
Preferably, described phosphoric acid salt comprises one or more in Potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium metaphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, described oxygenant comprises one or more in Losantin, clorox, potassium hypochlorite, sodium perchlorate.
Preferably, described coupling agent comprise furfural, oxalic dialdehyde, glutaraldehyde, one or more in soluble silane.
Preferably, described waste residue comprises one or more in marc, bagasse, edible fungi residues, sugared slag, acid-sludge, fecula, manioc waste, citric acid waste, soy sauce residues, residue of monosodium glutamate, residue from beans after making.
Preferably, described biological bacteria comprises one or more in vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium, enzymatic microorganism, yeast, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium, phosphorus bacteria, B. mucilaginocus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria.
Preferably, described trace element comprises one or more in iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of banana controlled-release fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: by sabadilla, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, China tree, tea tree, Herba Patriniae, onion co-grinding, solvent extraction, filtration, concentrate to obtain pesticide-germicide mixture A, in mixture A, add yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element ferment, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, by mixture B granulation, oven dry, cooling i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates, described solvent comprise in ethanol, acetone, ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethylene dichloride one or more;
S2: with 20-60 part water by starch furnishing pulpous state, intensification makes system at 45-55 DEG C, the pH regulating starch slurry is 9-10, then phosphoric acid salt, oxygenant is added, 15-25min is reacted under 200-400r/min, then add coupling agent, keep the constant lower continuation reaction 20-50min of rotating speed, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 150-750 part water being mixed at 40-60 DEG C is 15%-20%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content≤6% after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 50-60 DEG C, i.e. obtained banana controlled-release fertilizer.
Preferably, in step S1, mixture A is concentrated into water content≤20%, and the condition of fermentation is at 40-80 DEG C of bottom fermentation 10-30 days.
Preferably, in step S1, mixture B is dried to water content≤6% at 60-80 DEG C, and cooling the temperature reached is 25-30 DEG C.
Sabadilla is Melanthiaceae perennial plant, and extract has insecticidal properties, may be used for that jumping is disturbed, fall army worm, louse, thrips, fleahopper and cockroach etc.
Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia dicotyledons medicine leguminous plants, extract bitter, very toxic, there is killing parasites to relieve itching, by effects such as arthritis with fixed pain caused by dampness.
China tree famous paradise tree, it contains toxin, can as sterilant, wormer and growth inhibitor.
The extract of leaf of tea tree has potent germicidal action, and tea tree can effectively tackle for various fungal infection, can kill streptococcus aureus, diphtheria corynebacterium.
Herba Patriniae, with root stock and root, all herbal medicine, belongs to antipyretic and antidotal type medicine in Chinese medicine, cool in nature, taste is pungent, bitter.Return liver, stomach, large intestine channel, have effect that is clearing heat and detoxicating, removing blood stasis and expelling pus.Modern pharmacy is thought, it is containing volatile oil, Patrinia scaniosaefolia saponin and β-sterol glucose formula, have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, calm, protect the liver the effect with cardiac stimulant diuresis.Herba Patriniae has suppression or killing action to streptococcus aureus, dysentery bacterium, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Onion is warm in nature, acrid-sweet flavor, eliminate the phlegm, diuresis, stomach-invigorating intestine-moisturizing, the function such as removing toxic substances desinsection, streptococcus aureus, diphtheria corynebacterium can be killed.
The use of yellow humic acid, not only can increase nutriment in a fertilizer, and effectively can improve encapsulation rate, reduces the consumption of lapping, reduces production cost.
Containing numerous nutritive ingredients in waste residue, the nutrition of demand of plant growth can be provided as fertilizer, Promoting plant growth.
Fushou spiral shell is individual greatly, feeding habits are wide, strong adaptability, growth and breeding are fast, output is high, low price, Fushou spiral shell powder contains rich in protein, carotene, multivitamin and mineral substance, the amino acid that its breaks down proteins becomes can promote root growth, strong sprout, healthy tree, the photosynthetic function of enhancing blade and the degeneration-resistant of crop.
The fertilizer that biological bacteria is made has the function of volume increase, oil recovery enhancement, also has and significantly reduces nitrate in plant materials, nitrite and heavy metal content, improves the effect such as chemical fertilizer utilization ratio and fertilizing soil.
Boron compares and concentrates in stem apex, the tip of a root, blade and floral organ in plant materials, and the content in dicotyledons is usually higher than monocotyledons.Boron can improve the nitrogenase activity of leguminous crop root nodule bacterium, and increase amount of nitrogen fixation, during boron deficiency, root stays undeveloped, affects amount of nitrogen fixation.Boron can also strengthen crop anti-adversity.
Iron is that chlorophyll formation is indispensable, and in plant body, be difficult to transfer, so blade " chlorosis " is the performance of plant iron deficiency, and first this chlorosis shows on young leaflet tablet.
Copper participates in the resistance of the photosynthesis of plant, respiration, nitrogen metabolism, enhancing plant.During scarce copper, plant strain growth is thin and weak, and young leaves turns to be yellow, and wilting withered, blade tip is curling to turn white, and has necrotic spot.
Zinc can promote that crop carries out photosynthesis, and it is the moiety of multiple enzyme, and during scarce zinc, stagnating appears in crop growth.
Containing manganese in plant chloroplast, manganese can promote seed germination and seedling growth in period, affects the accumulation in vivo of the photosynthesis of crop, respiration, nitric nitrogen during manganese deficiency.Show as chlorosis yellow between blade arteries and veins, have brown spot.
Molybdenum is nitrogen-fixing microorganism, necessary when particularly fixing air nitrogen with the root nodule bacterium of leguminous crop symbiosis.Leaf photosynthesis intensity can be promoted again simultaneously.During scarce molybdenum, plant is short and small, chlorosis between blade arteries and veins, and leaf margin is dried-up, inwardly curling, becomes wilting state.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) fertilizer control release speed of the present invention is moderate and stable, and fertiliser granulates is balanced in nutrition, effectively can reduce the turnover rate of fertilizer, improves the utilising efficiency of fertilizer, promotes that banana is grown up healthy and sound fast, improves banana production and sugared content;
(2) lapping increases the element such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium needed for Banana Growth, controlled release fertilizer in early stage can be avoided not enough, affect the shortcoming of Banana Growth;
(3) the present invention uses yellow humic acid, effectively can improve encapsulation rate, reduces the consumption of lapping, reduces production cost;
(4) fundamentally can solve that long-term excess uses soil organism decline that chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticide cause, soil compaction, poor air permeability, soil-borne disease increase, degradation problem under agricultural product quality;
(5) fertilizer of the present invention not only noresidue in agricultural-food, does not cause environmental pollution, and can preventing disease and pest effectively;
(6) raw material when prepared by fertilizer of the present invention adopts the rotten sabadilla of low price, rotten Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, rotten China tree, rotten tea tree, rotten Herba Patriniae, rotten onion, waste residue and Fushou spiral shell, thus greatly reduces production cost;
(7) method for preparing fertilizer of the present invention is simple to operate, is conducive to applying.
[embodiment]
Be specifically described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of banana controlled-release fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 50 parts, fertiliser granulates 1400 parts;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 30 parts, binding agent 20 parts, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 8 parts, terra alba 8 parts, 4 parts, diatomite, wilkinite 4 parts, 4 parts, peat, 1 part, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder 1 part, described binding agent, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: starch 16 parts, Potassium tripolyphosphate 3 parts, Losantin 0.5 part, 0.5 part, furfural;
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Sabadilla 290 parts, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 290 parts, China tree 170 parts, tea tree 170 parts, Herba Patriniae 170 parts, onion 170 parts, yellow humic acid 60 parts, marc sugar slag 8 parts, bagasse sugar slag 8 parts, edible fungi residues sugar slag 7 parts, sugared slag 7 parts, 30 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, 12 parts, vinelandii, boron 8 parts.
The preparation method of described banana controlled-release fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: by sabadilla, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, China tree, tea tree, Herba Patriniae, onion co-grinding, ethonal extraction, be concentrated into after mixed solution filter residue water content be 20% pesticide-germicide mixture A, yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element is added 40-50 DEG C of bottom fermentation 30 days in mixture A, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, caused by mixture B particle diameter to be dry at 60-80 DEG C after 1.5-2.5mm particle, be cooled to 30 DEG C of i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates;
S2: with 20 parts of water by starch furnishing pulpous state, heats up and makes system at 45 DEG C, and the pH regulating starch slurry is 9, then add Potassium tripolyphosphate, Losantin, under 400r/min, react 15min, then add furfural, keep the constant lower continuation reaction 20min of rotating speed, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 150 parts of water being mixed at 40 DEG C is 15%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: it is 5% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 50 DEG C, namely obtains banana controlled-release fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
A kind of banana controlled-release fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 150 parts, fertiliser granulates 200 parts;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 80 parts, binding agent 70 parts, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 25 parts, terra alba 20 parts, 10 parts, diatomite, wilkinite 10 parts, 10 parts, peat, 3 parts, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder 2 parts, described binding agent, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: starch 55 parts, potassium pyrophosphate 8 parts, clorox 4 parts, oxalic dialdehyde 3 parts;
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Sabadilla 30 parts, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 30 parts, China tree 25 parts, tea tree 25 parts, Herba Patriniae 25 parts, onion 25 parts, yellow humic acid 15 parts, edible fungi residues 10 parts, 10 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, brood cell liver bacterium 1 part, enzymatic microorganism 1 part, phosphorus bacteria 1 part, ferro element 0.5 part, boron 0.5 part, manganese element 0.5 part, copper 0.5 part.
The preparation method of described banana controlled-release fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: sabadilla, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, China tree, tea tree, Herba Patriniae, onion co-grinding, acetone solvent are extracted, be concentrated into after mixed solution filter residue water content be 18% pesticide-germicide mixture A, yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element is added 70-80 DEG C of bottom fermentation 10 days in mixture A, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, caused by mixture B particle diameter to be dry at 60-80 DEG C after 1.5-2.5mm particle, be cooled to 28 DEG C of i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates;
S2: with 60 parts of water by starch furnishing pulpous state, heats up and makes system at 55 DEG C, and the pH regulating starch slurry is 10, then add potassium pyrophosphate, clorox, under 200r/min, react 25min, then add oxalic dialdehyde, keep the constant lower continuation reaction 50min of rotating speed, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content at 60 DEG C after the starch emulsion obtained by step and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 750 parts of water mix is 20%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: it is 6% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 60 DEG C, namely obtains banana controlled-release fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
A kind of banana controlled-release fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 100 parts, fertiliser granulates 800 parts;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 55 parts, binding agent 45 parts, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 16 parts, terra alba 14 parts, 7 parts, diatomite, wilkinite 7 parts, 7 parts, peat, 2 parts, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder 2 parts, described binding agent, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: starch 36 parts, potassium metaphosphate 3 parts, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2 parts, potassium hypochlorite 1 part, sodium perchlorate 1 part, glutaraldehyde 1 part, soluble silane 1 part;
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Sabadilla 160 parts, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 160 parts, China tree 95 parts, tea tree 95 parts, Herba Patriniae 95 parts, onion 95 parts, yellow humic acid 45 parts, acid-sludge 4 parts, fecula 4 parts, manioc waste 4 parts, citric acid waste 4 parts, soy sauce residues 4 parts, 20 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, 2 parts, vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium 2 parts, enzymatic microorganism 2 parts, phosphorus bacteria 1 part, B. mucilaginocus 1 part, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 1 part, manganese element 1.5 parts, copper 1.5 parts, zinc element 1.5 parts, molybdenum element 1.5 parts.
The preparation method of described banana controlled-release fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: sabadilla, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, China tree, tea tree, Herba Patriniae, onion co-grinding, ether solvent are extracted, be concentrated into after mixed solution filter residue water content be 16% pesticide-germicide mixture A, yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element is added 60-70 DEG C of bottom fermentation 20 days in mixture A, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, caused by mixture B particle diameter to be dry at 60-80 DEG C after 1.5-2.5mm particle, be cooled to 25 DEG C of i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates;
S2: with 40 parts of water by starch furnishing pulpous state, intensification makes system at 50 DEG C, the pH regulating starch slurry is 9, then potassium metaphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hypochlorite, sodium perchlorate is added, 20min is reacted under 300r/min, then add glutaraldehyde, soluble silane, keep the constant lower continuation reaction 35min of rotating speed, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 450 parts of water being mixed at 50 DEG C is 18%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: it is 4% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 55 DEG C, namely obtains banana controlled-release fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
A kind of banana controlled-release fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 80 parts, fertiliser granulates 1100 parts;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 40 parts, binding agent 40 parts, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 10 parts, terra alba 10 parts, 6 parts, diatomite, wilkinite 5 parts, 5 parts, peat, 2 parts, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder 2 parts, described binding agent, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: starch 30 parts, Potassium tripolyphosphate 2 parts, potassium pyrophosphate 2 parts, potassium metaphosphate 1 part, Losantin 1 part, clorox 1 part, potassium hypochlorite 1 part, oxalic dialdehyde 1 part, glutaraldehyde 1 part;
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Sabadilla 240 parts, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 240 parts, China tree 130 parts, tea tree 130 parts, Herba Patriniae 130 parts, onion 130 parts, yellow humic acid 37 parts, fecula 4 parts, manioc waste 4 parts, citric acid waste 4 parts, soy sauce residues 4 parts, residue of monosodium glutamate 4 parts, residue from beans after making 3 parts, 23 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, enzymatic microorganism 2 parts, 2 parts, yeast, 2 parts, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium 1 part, phosphorus bacteria 1 part, B. mucilaginocus 1 part, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 1 part, ferro element 1.4 parts, boron 1.4 parts, manganese element 1.4 parts, copper 1.4 parts, zinc element 1.4 parts.
The preparation method of described banana controlled-release fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: by sabadilla, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, China tree, tea tree, Herba Patriniae, onion co-grinding, chloroform, ethylene dichloride mixed solvent extract, be concentrated into after mixed solution filter residue water content be 14% pesticide-germicide mixture A, yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element is added 60-70 DEG C of bottom fermentation 20 days in mixture A, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, caused by mixture B particle diameter to be dry at 60-80 DEG C after 1.5-2.5mm particle, be cooled to 26 DEG C of i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates;
S2: with 30 parts of water by starch furnishing pulpous state, intensification makes system at 55 DEG C, the pH regulating starch slurry is 10, then Potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium metaphosphate, Losantin, clorox, potassium hypochlorite is added, 15min is reacted under 400r/min, then add oxalic dialdehyde, glutaraldehyde, keep constant lower continuations of rotating speed to react 40min, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 250 parts of water being mixed at 45 DEG C is 17%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: it is 5% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 50 DEG C, namely obtains banana controlled-release fertilizer.
Embodiment 5
A kind of banana controlled-release fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 120 parts, fertiliser granulates 400 parts;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 70 parts, binding agent 50 parts, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 23 parts, terra alba 17 parts, 9 parts, diatomite, wilkinite 8 parts, 8 parts, peat, 3 parts, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder 2 parts, described binding agent is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: starch 40 parts, Potassium tripolyphosphate 2 parts, potassium pyrophosphate 1 part, potassium metaphosphate 1 part, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1 part, Losantin 1 part, potassium hypochlorite 1 part, sodium perchlorate 1 part, 0.5 part, furfural, oxalic dialdehyde 0.5 part, glutaraldehyde 0.5 part, soluble silane 0.5 part,
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Sabadilla 80 parts, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 80 parts, China tree 50 parts, tea tree 50 parts, Herba Patriniae 50 parts, onion 40 parts, yellow humic acid 20 parts, marc 2 parts, bagasse 1 part, edible fungi residues 1 part, sugar slag 1 part, acid-sludge 1 part, fecula 1 part, manioc waste 1 part, citric acid waste 1 part, soy sauce residues 1 part, residue of monosodium glutamate 1 part, residue from beans after making 1 part, 10 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, 1 part, vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium 0.5 part, enzymatic microorganism 0.5 part, 0.5 part, yeast, 0.5 part, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium 0.5 part, phosphorus bacteria 0.5 part, B. mucilaginocus 0.5 part, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 0.5 part, ferro element 0.5 part, boron 0.5 part, manganese element 0.5 part, copper 0.5 part, zinc element 0.5 part, molybdenum element 0.5 part.
The preparation method of described banana controlled-release fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: by sabadilla, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, China tree, tea tree, Herba Patriniae, onion co-grinding, ethyl acetate solvent extracts, be concentrated into after mixed solution filter residue water content be 16% pesticide-germicide mixture A, yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element is added 60-70 DEG C of bottom fermentation 20 days in mixture A, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, caused by mixture B particle diameter to be dry at 60-80 DEG C after 1.5-2.5mm particle, be cooled to 28 DEG C of i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates;
S2: with 50 parts of water by starch furnishing pulpous state, intensification makes system at 50 DEG C, the pH regulating starch slurry is 10, then Potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium metaphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, Losantin, potassium hypochlorite, sodium perchlorate is added, 15min is reacted under 400r/min, then add furfural, oxalic dialdehyde, glutaraldehyde, soluble silane, keep constant lower continuations of rotating speed to react 30min, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 650 parts of water being mixed at 60 DEG C is 15%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: it is 6% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 60 DEG C, namely obtains banana controlled-release fertilizer.
For verifying the effect of banana controlled-release fertilizer of the present invention, by following experimental verification.
(1) the result of extraction experiment of Wrapped fertilizer
Banana controlled-release fertilizer prepared by Example 1,2,3, and Example 1 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer and with the fertilizer of polyethylene parcel in contrast, be immersed in clear water, at different time water sampling detection fertilizer solubility rate wherein, result is as shown in the table.
As seen from the above table, almost all dissolve at once without Wrapped fertilizer, show not there is slow releasing function; The fertilizer wrapped up with polyethylene, except not having the fertiliser granulates of environmental sealing (encapsulating) in initial dissolving, almost no longer disengages fertilizer thereafter; The encapsulation rate of banana controlled-release fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1,2,3 is higher, and the fertilizer of major part encapsulating continues to disengage later.
(2) banana fertilization effect experiment
Experiment one: the present inventor entrusts Chongzuo City, Guangxi to plant banana company, with banana controlled-release fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1, manurial experiment is carried out to banana seedlings, summer only uses once, simultaneously with embodiment 1 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer particle for contrasting, but use three times, other planting conditions are identical, the average volume increase 3.2% of the yield increased group of experimental group, banana sugar content volume increase 0.25%.
Experiment two: the present inventor entrusts Nanning to plant banana company, with banana controlled-release fertilizer prepared by embodiment 2, manurial experiment is carried out to banana seedlings, summer only uses once, simultaneously with embodiment 2 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer particle for contrasting, but use three times, other planting conditions are identical, the average volume increase 4% of the yield increased group of experimental group, banana sugar content volume increase 0.34%.
Experiment three: the present inventor entrusts Hechi City, Guangxi to plant banana company, with banana controlled-release fertilizer prepared by embodiment 3, manurial experiment is carried out to banana seedlings, summer only uses once, simultaneously with embodiment 3 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer particle for contrasting, but use three times, other planting conditions are identical, the average volume increase 3.6% of the yield increased group of experimental group, banana sugar content volume increase 0.29%.
To sum up above three experiments are known, banana mean yield volume increase 3.2%-4%, banana sugar content volume increase 0.25%-0.34%, visible banana controlled-release fertilizer of the present invention, effectively can reduce the turnover rate of fertilizer, improve the utilising efficiency of fertilizer, simultaneously balanced in nutrition, can promote that banana is grown up healthy and sound fast, improve banana production and sugared content, meanwhile, the workload of fertilising is effectively alleviated.
(3) banana fertilizer preventing disease and pest effect experimental
The basically identical banana ground of six block specifications is chosen in Chongzuo City, Guangxi plantation banana company, be set to banana ground a, banana ground b, banana ground c, banana ground d, banana ground e, banana ground f, Banana tree is planted on six pieces of ground, wherein banana ground a, banana ground b, banana ground c use same not have the common fertilizer of Biocidal, banana ground d, banana ground e, banana ground f use the fertilizer of embodiment 1,2,3 respectively, calculate with every mu of fertilising 150kg, observe the Banana Growth situation on six pieces of banana ground.Result shows: banana ground a, banana ground b, the Banana tree gloss difference that banana ground c kind is planted, plant is unhealthy, the speed of growth is slow, plant is little, yield poorly, and banana ground d, banana ground e, the Banana tree good luster that banana ground f kind is planted, plant is healthy, leaf dark green is plump, fast growth, plant is large, output is high, with do not use product of the present invention banana compared with, every mu of volume increase 1453.6-1525.3kg, and use the disease and pest in the banana ground of product of the present invention substantially not have, visible banana controlled-release fertilizer of the present invention can not only preventing disease and pest effectively, and can be balanced in nutrition, improve edatope, promote that farm crop grow up healthy and sound fast, shorten growth cycle, improve crop yield.
Above content can not assert that the present invention specifically implements to be confined to these explanations; for general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; do not departing under concept thereof of the present invention; some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection that the present invention is determined by submitted to claims.
Claims (10)
1. a banana controlled-release fertilizer, is characterized in that, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 50-150 part, fertiliser granulates 200-1400 part;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 30-80 part, binding agent 20-70 part, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 8-25 part, terra alba 8-20 part, diatomite 4-10 part, wilkinite 4-10 part, peat 4-10 part, primary ammonium phosphate powder 1-3 part, potassium nitrate powder 1-2 part, described binding agent, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: starch 16-55 part, phosphoric acid salt 3-8 part, oxygenant 0.5-4 part, coupling agent 0.5-3 part;
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Sabadilla 30-290 part, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 30-290 part, China tree 25-170 part, tea tree 25-170 part, Herba Patriniae 25-170 part, onion 25-170 part, yellow humic acid 15-60 part, waste residue 10-30 part, Fushou spiral shell powder 10-30 part, biological bacteria 3-12 part, micro-2-8 part.
2. banana controlled-release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described phosphoric acid salt comprise in Potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium metaphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate one or more.
3. banana controlled-release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described oxygenant comprise in Losantin, clorox, potassium hypochlorite, sodium perchlorate one or more.
4. banana controlled-release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described coupling agent comprise furfural, oxalic dialdehyde, glutaraldehyde, one or more in soluble silane.
5. banana controlled-release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described waste residue comprise in marc, bagasse, edible fungi residues, sugared slag, acid-sludge, fecula, manioc waste, citric acid waste, soy sauce residues, residue of monosodium glutamate, residue from beans after making one or more.
6. banana controlled-release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described biological bacteria comprise in vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium, enzymatic microorganism, yeast, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium, phosphorus bacteria, B. mucilaginocus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria one or more.
7. banana controlled-release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described trace element comprise in iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum one or more.
8. a preparation method for the banana controlled-release fertilizer according to any one of claim 1-7, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
S1: by sabadilla, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, China tree, tea tree, Herba Patriniae, onion co-grinding, solvent extraction, filtration, concentrate to obtain pesticide-germicide mixture A, in mixture A, add yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element ferment, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, by mixture B granulation, oven dry, cooling i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates, described solvent comprise in ethanol, acetone, ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethylene dichloride one or more;
S2: with 20-60 part water by starch furnishing pulpous state, intensification makes system at 45-55 DEG C, the pH regulating starch slurry is 9-10, then phosphoric acid salt, oxygenant is added, 15-25min is reacted under 200-400r/min, then add coupling agent, keep the constant lower continuation reaction 20-50min of rotating speed, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 150-750 part water being mixed at 40-60 DEG C is 15%-20%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content≤6% after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 50-60 DEG C, i.e. obtained banana controlled-release fertilizer.
9. the preparation method of banana controlled-release fertilizer according to claim 8, is characterized in that, in step S1, mixture A is concentrated into water content≤20%, and the condition of fermentation is at 40-80 DEG C of bottom fermentation 10-30 days.
10. the preparation method of banana controlled-release fertilizer according to claim 8, is characterized in that, in step S1, mixture B is dried to water content≤6% at 60-80 DEG C, and cooling the temperature reached is 25-30 DEG C.
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| CN106631550A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-05-10 | 韦波 | Biological insect-killing type controlled-release fertilizer for asparagus cochinchinensis |
| CN106631549A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-05-10 | 韦波 | Asparagus cochinchinensis biological insecticide type controlled-release fertilizer |
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| CN101182258A (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2008-05-21 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Special controlled-release fertilizer for sulfur, resin film coated banana and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN102584478A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-07-18 | 叶长东 | Banana controlled-release fertilizer and preparation technology |
| CN103011959A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-03 | 广西农垦明阳生化集团股份有限公司 | Adhesive for granular fertilizer and preparation method for adhesive |
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| CN1396143A (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2003-02-12 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Slow-releasing coated layer for granular fertilizer |
| CN101182258A (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2008-05-21 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Special controlled-release fertilizer for sulfur, resin film coated banana and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN102584478A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-07-18 | 叶长东 | Banana controlled-release fertilizer and preparation technology |
| CN103011959A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-03 | 广西农垦明阳生化集团股份有限公司 | Adhesive for granular fertilizer and preparation method for adhesive |
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| CN106631550A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-05-10 | 韦波 | Biological insect-killing type controlled-release fertilizer for asparagus cochinchinensis |
| CN106631549A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-05-10 | 韦波 | Asparagus cochinchinensis biological insecticide type controlled-release fertilizer |
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Application publication date: 20151230 |