Background technology
Along with more and more engineering is built in karst area, in karst area, the bearing capacity of end bearing pile, safety and economy often annoying and build each side.Prior art regulation and stipulation is for large diameter end bearing pile, and at the bottom of stake, following bearing stratum thickness should not be less than 3 times of stake footpaths.For this reason, when karsts developing area is strong, sometimes will enter the tens of rice of rock, also will take the measures such as sleeve pipe follow-up, churning sealing, slip casting, difficulty of construction is large, and engineering cost is high.As a rule, the certain thickness Upper Plate of Karst Cave being less than 3 times of stake footpaths is arranged at some solution cavity tops, if can make full use of its bearing capacity, will produce great economic benefit.In addition, only extracting a small amount of inspection because pile detects, also there is suitable false dismissal probability in solution cavity inspection at the bottom of stake simultaneously, therefore, also there is the solution cavity that some is not verified at the bottom of part stake, its Upper Plate of Karst Cave thickness can not meet the demands, and constitutes a threat to effective carrying of pile foundation.
At present, not enough for Upper Plate of Karst Cave thickness or may be not enough situation, usually adopt following three kinds of processing modes in prior art: 1, to the solution cavity verified, in cleaning hole after charges, penetration concrete is by hole filling; 2, adopt expanded bore pile, increase contact area at the bottom of stake; 3, adopt shaped pile, improve collateral resistance.
For above-mentioned 1st kind of method, general to be only suitable for the small-sized solution cavity of relative closure, the large and connective good solution cavity for hole body, grouting amount is very large, and easily produces running pulp problem, filling difficulty; Or take the follow-up sleeve pipe mode such as slip casting again, complex process, difficulty of construction and expense are all larger.For above-mentioned 2nd kind of method, the inverse mode done of manually digging hole generally need be adopted to implement for socketed pile, for rich groundwater and for the karst region having a risk of subsiding, construction safety hidden danger is very large, should not adopt; And the method expands the destruction to basement rock, pros and cons are still needed and are considered.For above-mentioned 3rd kind of method, generally dig by revolving, the mode local wide stake footpath such as churning, increase oil and pile layer contact surface, increase pile side resistance, the friction end bearing pile very large for buried depth of bedrock has certain effect, but for common Big-Diameter Rock-Embedded Pile limited use.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of construction equipment of umbrella disk formula shaped pile of effective raising bearing capacity of pile foundation.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of construction equipment of umbrella disk formula shaped pile, comprise telescopic slip casting frame, described telescopic slip casting frame comprises Grouting Pipe and is socketed in the attachment cap of Grouting Pipe bottom, outside described attachment cap, along the circumferential direction interval is hinged with multiple grouting tube that can radially outward strut, bottom described Grouting Pipe, a side end face is formed with the grouting port that can be docked and connected with one of them grouting tube, the ring-type rotating shaft with the phase clamping of Grouting Pipe bottom is provided with in described attachment cap, there is unidirectional interface arrangment to make Grouting Pipe unidirectional drive ring-type rotating shaft one-directional rotation between described ring-type rotating shaft top and Grouting Pipe bottom, described ring-type rotating shaft lower end is fixedly connected with the connecting rod stretched out, on described connecting rod, screw-casing is connected to coupling nut, multiple support bar is hingedly connected with outside described coupling nut and between each grouting tube, each described grouting tube bottom surface is spaced and forms multiple injected hole.
Further, described attachment cap is along the circumferential direction interval with multiple drainage duct, many piece high-pressure water pipe connecting corresponding to each drainage duct on attachment cap are furnished with outside described Grouting Pipe, each described grouting tube and the attachment cap opposed other end that is hinged forms blind end, described blind end is provided with spray-hole, in each described grouting tube, is provided with two ends is embedded in spray-hole and the injection sebific duct in corresponding drainage duct respectively.
Further, in described Grouting Pipe, axially spaced-apart is socketed with multiple retaining collar, the multiple R-clip in order to fixing high-pressure water pipe of along the circumferential direction gap-forming outside each described retaining collar.
Further, a buckle is formed in described Grouting Pipe bottom interior wall, cylindrical boss is convexed to form on described ring-type rotating shaft top, described cylindrical boss outer wall is formed with the longitudinal draw-in groove snapping in location for buckle, described cylindrical boss outer wall is also formed and snaps in spacing ring-type draw-in groove for buckle, and described longitudinal draw-in groove communicates with ring-type draw-in groove.
Further, described unidirectional interface arrangment comprises and is along the circumferential direction disposed on cylindrical boss outer wall and is positioned at multiple wedge shape draw-in groove of ring-type draw-in groove and be embedded in the wedge shape buckle of each wedge shape draw-in groove, in each described wedge shape draw-in groove, be provided with spring enters in ring-type draw-in groove to make each wedge shape buckle radially outward eject, when described Grouting Pipe is rotated around one of them direction, the wedge shape buckle that buckle on bottom described Grouting Pipe is ejected supports restriction, thus make Grouting Pipe Timing Belt rotating ring shape axis of rotation, when described Grouting Pipe is rotated around another one direction, buckle extruding wedge shape buckle on bottom described Grouting Pipe makes it embed in wedge shape draw-in groove to make the relative ring-type axis of rotation of Grouting Pipe.
Further, also comprise the positioning supporting frame guiding each grouting tube in place, described positioning supporting frame comprises spaced apart upper location steel ring and lower location steel ring, locates between steel ring and lower location steel ring on described and is along the circumferential direction interval with multiple location steel loop.
Further, also comprise the centering frame support bracket being sleeved on Grouting Pipe top, described centering frame support bracket comprises carrying sleeve and is located at the supporting steel ring outside carrying sleeve, at least three radial connecting reinforcements are along the circumferential direction interval with between described carrying sleeve and supporting steel ring, described carrying sleeve inwall is along the circumferential direction interval with at least three longitudinal chutes, in each described longitudinal chute, be embedded with rolling steel ball.
Beneficial effect: in the construction equipment of this umbrella disk formula shaped pile, telescopic slip casting frame stretches to bottom stake holes, rotate forward Grouting Pipe to rotate to drive connecting rod, and then coupling nut is moved up relative to connecting rod, by support bar, each grouting tube is radially outward strutted, coordinate the soil body in high-pressure water cutting grouting tube front simultaneously, make grouting tube successfully can insert the soil body, rotate backward Grouting Pipe again the grouting port bottom Grouting Pipe to be docked and connected with each grouting tube successively carry out slip casting operation, finally again cementing operations is carried out to stake holes, thus form the shaped pile that is inverted umbrella disk shape.Formed at the bottom of stake by grouting tube and to extend radially out and at the bottom of the umbrella disk shape stake be embedded in the soil body, effectively can share the fractional load of pile foundation, thus reduce the load at the bottom of stake, improve the safety factor of pile foundation, under making the not enough situation of top plate thickness, bearing capacity and the safety factor of pile foundation are improved.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 9, the construction equipment of a kind of umbrella disk formula of the present invention shaped pile, comprises telescopic slip casting frame 10, positioning supporting frame 20 and centering frame support bracket 30 3 parts.
Wherein, telescopic slip casting frame 10 comprises Grouting Pipe 11 and is socketed in the attachment cap 12 of Grouting Pipe 11 bottom, Grouting Pipe 11 can relative to attachment cap 12 just, rotate backward, outside attachment cap 12, along the circumferential direction interval is hinged with six grouting tubes 13, grouting tube 13 one end forms opening end, this opening end and attachment cap 12 are hinged, elastic packing rubber ring 131 is furnished with between opening end and attachment cap 12, grouting tube 13 other end then forms hemispherical blind end, and spray-hole 132 is provided with on this blind end, the bottom face array arrangement of grouting tube 13 forms multiple injected hole 133.
Attachment cap 12 center is provided with the ring-type rotating shaft 14 with the phase clamping of Grouting Pipe 11 bottom, between this ring-type rotating shaft 14 top and Grouting Pipe 11 bottom, there is unidirectional interface arrangment, thus make Grouting Pipe 11 can only unidirectional drive ring-type rotating shaft 14 one-directional rotation, such as rotate forward, ring-type rotating shaft 14 lower end is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 15 stretching out attachment cap 12, connecting rod 15 has screw thread, and screw-casing is connected to coupling nut 16, when connecting rod 15 rotates forward, coupling nut 16 can move up by connecting rod 15 relatively.Outside coupling nut 16 and between six grouting tubes 13, be hingedly connected with six support bars 17, when Grouting Pipe 11 rotate forward drive connecting rod 15 rotate forward time, coupling nut 16 moves up, and grouting tube 13 radially outward can be strutted by support bar 17.
Bottom Grouting Pipe 11, a side end face is also formed with grouting port 111, this grouting port 111 is corresponding with the opening end size of grouting tube 13, rotate backward Grouting Pipe 11, can selectively make the grouting port 111 of Grouting Pipe 11 be docked and connected with the opening end of one of them grouting tube 13.
Attachment cap 12 top along the circumferential direction interval is also provided with six drainage ducts 121, also be provided with in each grouting tube 13 and spray sebific duct 134, spraying sebific duct 134 one end is embedded on spray-hole 132, the other end is then connected in corresponding drainage duct 121, six roots of sensation high-pressure water pipe 18 is vertically furnished with outside Grouting Pipe 11, every root high-pressure water pipe 18 is connected in the corresponding drainage duct 121 of attachment cap 12, water under high pressure is induced one by high-pressure water pipe 18, drainage duct 121, injection sebific duct 134, sprays the soil body in cutting grouting tube 13 front from the spray-hole 132 of grouting tube 13.In Grouting Pipe 11, axially spaced-apart is socketed with multiple retaining collar 19, the multiple R-clip 191 in order to fixing high-pressure water pipe 18 of along the circumferential direction gap-forming outside each retaining collar 19.
Combine in order to the smooth clamping of Grouting Pipe 11 and ring-type rotating shaft 14 can be made, ring-type rotating shaft 14 top convexes to form cylindrical boss 141, this cylindrical boss 141 outer wall vertical is provided with longitudinal draw-in groove 142 and level is provided with ring-type draw-in groove 143, ring-type draw-in groove 143 to be positioned at below longitudinal draw-in groove 142 and with longitudinal draw-in groove 142 vertical connection, Grouting Pipe 11 bottom interior wall is formed with buckle 112, buckle 112 longitudinally draw-in groove 142 snap in place after, rotating Grouting Pipe 11 makes buckle 112 along the circumferential direction snap in ring-type draw-in groove 143, buckle 112 can be limited in ring-type draw-in groove 143 at vertical direction, rotation Grouting Pipe 11 is only had to make buckle 112 aim at longitudinal draw-in groove 142 to suitable position, Grouting Pipe 11 just can be deviate from relatively in ring-type rotating shaft 14.
Wherein, unidirectional interface arrangment between Grouting Pipe 11 and ring-type rotating shaft 14 is specific as follows, unidirectional interface arrangment comprises and is along the circumferential direction disposed on cylindrical boss 141 outer wall and is positioned at multiple wedge shape draw-in grooves 144 of ring-type draw-in groove 143 and is embedded in the wedge shape buckle 145 of each wedge shape draw-in groove 144, in each wedge shape draw-in groove 144, be provided with spring 146 enters in ring-type draw-in groove 143 to make each wedge shape buckle 145 radially outward eject, when Grouting Pipe 11 rotates forward, the wedge shape buckle 145 that buckle 112 on bottom Grouting Pipe 11 can be protruded by upspringing is supported and is blocked, buckle 112 also promotes wedge shape buckle 145 and moves along ring-type draw-in groove 143 when ring-type draw-in groove 143 moves, thus Grouting Pipe 11 Timing Belt rotating ring shape rotating shaft 14 is rotated, when Grouting Pipe 11 rotates backward, owing to being inclined-plane outside wedge shape buckle 145, the buckle 112 on bottom Grouting Pipe 11 can extrude wedge shape buckle 145 makes it embed in wedge shape draw-in groove 144 to make Grouting Pipe 11 rotate relative to ring-type rotating shaft 14.
Positioning supporting frame 20 is for guiding each grouting tube 13 in place, particularly, positioning supporting frame 20 comprises spaced apart upper location steel ring 21 and lower location steel ring 22, along the circumferential direction be interval with six between upper location steel ring 21 and lower location steel ring 22 and locate steel loop 23, the size of location steel loop 23 is corresponding with the size of grouting tube 13, makes grouting tube 13 can pass location steel loop 23.
Centering frame support bracket 30 is mainly to carry out centering location to Grouting Pipe 11, the supporting steel ring 32 that centering frame support bracket 30 comprises carrying sleeve 31 and is located at outside carrying sleeve 31, between carrying sleeve 31 and supporting steel ring 32, be along the circumferential direction interval with three radial connecting reinforcements 33, the isometric carrying sleeve 31 that makes of radial connecting reinforcement 33 keeps concentric with supporting steel ring 32.Because Grouting Pipe 11 is enclosed within carrying sleeve 31, in order to reduce the frictional resistance be subject to when Grouting Pipe 11 is rotated, carrying sleeve 31 inwall is along the circumferential direction interval with three longitudinal chutes, in each longitudinal chute, be embedded with rolling steel ball 311.
Be the work progress being formed umbrella disk formula shaped pile by construction equipment of the present invention below, comprise the following steps:
1, positioning supporting frame is installed.According to the geologic information of grasp and the plan of stake, determine the position of scar relative to the reinforcing cage of stake, upwards measure thus and draft height; This height is aimed at positioning supporting frame 20 center, the outside of positioning supporting frame 20 is firmly welded on inside reinforcing cage, and guarantee that the main muscle of reinforcing cage avoided by six location steel loops 23, do not blocked by it, to guarantee that grouting tube 13 can stretch out from location steel loop 23 smoothly, when the reinforcing cage location steel loop 23 that had stirrup to block in this height, when hindering grouting tube 13 protruding, the stirrup within the scope of this is blocked.
2, telescopic slip casting frame is laid.Telescopic slip casting frame is drawn in, longitudinal draw-in groove 142 that the buckle 112 of Grouting Pipe 11 bottom is aimed on attachment cap 12 inserts, interval suit retaining collar 19 also installation high-voltage water pipe 18 in Grouting Pipe 11, high-pressure water pipe 18 bottom is connected in the drainage duct 121 of attachment cap 12.Mounted for combination telescopic slip casting frame is slowly put into from reinforcing cage one end, align to grouting tube 13 with positioning supporting frame 20, with cable wire by Grouting Pipe 11, attachment cap 12 and grouting tube 13 colligation in reinforcing cage, Grouting Pipe 11 is made to be positioned on reinforcing cage axis, rotate forward Grouting Pipe 11, grouting tube 13 is slowly radially outward strutted, adjust the orientation of each grouting tube 13, make the tip of six roots of sensation grouting tube 13 exactly through six location steel loops 23, then the tip of grouting tube 13 and the interim colligation of positioning supporting frame 20 are fixed.
3, centering frame support bracket 30 is installed.Carrying sleeve 31 in centering frame support bracket 30 is aimed at Grouting Pipe 11 be inserted in, be placed in reinforcing cage by centering frame support bracket 30, colligation is fixed.
4, reinforcing cage is lifted.Bind the top of reinforcing cage and Grouting Pipe 11 with cable wire, with loop wheel machine, the whole reinforcing cage combined is sling, aim at made stake holes and slowly transfer.To positioning supporting frame height close to ground time, untie the tip of colligation grouting tube 13 and the cable wire of positioning supporting frame 20, continue slowly to transfer reinforcing cage, and untie the cable wire of fixing telescopic slip casting frame successively, until placement of cage of reinforcing bar.
5, telescopic slip casting frame is opened.Six roots of sensation high-pressure water pipe 18 is accessed high-pressure hydraulic pump, start water pump, and rotate forward Grouting Pipe 11, the spray-hole 132 on grouting tube 13 ejects the soil body that high-pressure water cutting opens grouting tube 13 front, make grouting tube 13 successfully can insert the soil body, telescopic slip casting frame opens thereupon gradually.
6, whitewash.After telescopic slip casting frame fully opens, switch off the pump, by high force feed stock pump access Grouting Pipe 11, adjust the position of Grouting Pipe 11 bottom grouting port 111, grouting port 111 and one of them grouting tube 13 are docked and connected, start high force feed stock pump cement injection mortar, send slurry amount to the design sending slurry amount to reach single grouting tube 13; Close high force feed stock pump, reverse slow circumvolve Grouting Pipe 11 about 60 °, to next precalculated position, continue to send slurry amount to send slurry by the design of single grouting tube 13; So be followed successively by six roots of sensation grouting tube 13 and send slurry, close high force feed stock pump.
7, auxiliary part is removed.Grouting Pipe 11 is reversely rotated, makes its buckle 112 aim at longitudinal draw-in groove 142, then upwards pull up and remove Grouting Pipe 11 and remove centering frame support bracket 30.
8, pile body slip casting.Cast-in place pile grouting mode is pile body concrete perfusion slurry routinely, notes avoiding telescopic slip casting frame, and concretely under noting telescopic slip casting frame to vibrate, guarantee its closely knit tight during slip casting.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above, but the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that described technical field those of ordinary skill possesses, various change can also be made under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept.