JPH01280196A - Rotary excavator for expanding down hole - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stably excavate the ground in an expanded bottom form at an optimum angle all the time by a method in which expansion bits are hung down around a drill pipe and expanded downwards into an umbrella form by means of an universal joint and a link mechanism. CONSTITUTION:Expansion bits 4, 4, whose upper ends are fixed with pin-shafts 5, are hung down around a drill pipe 1 connected to the lower end of a kelly bar and their lower ends are fitted with universal joints 9 and 10. A link mechanism capable of downwardly opening the bits 4, 4 into an umbrella form by the force of an oil-pressure cylinder is also provided for permitting the bits 4 to be expanded or contracted. A soil bucket 12 is swingably provided on the lower part of the drill pipe 1. The bits 4 radially extends with the pipe 1 as an axis and used to excavate vertically the ground with the excavation angle constant.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a rotary drilling device used for bottom-expanding excavation in a cast-in-place bottom-expanding pile of the earth drilling method applied to construction work.

[Prior art]

As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 1O, rotary drilling equipment for expanding bottom piles using the conventional earth drilling method includes a method in which the expanding drilling bit 34 is rotated around vertical axes 38a and 38b, and a method in which the expanding drilling bit 34 is expanded around vertical axes 38a and 38b. As shown in FIG. 11, there is a method in which an upper expanding excavation bit 40 having a downward opening link mechanism and a lower expanding excavating bit 41 having a vertical hinge and opening laterally are individually expanded.

In addition, there are two methods for opening the bottom plate of the earth and sand bucket: a manual opening method using a lever operated by a ground worker, and a semi-automatic opening method using a bracket attached to the top of the construction machine frame and the opening part of the excavation equipment. be.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

When using the above-mentioned conventional bottom-expanding excavation equipment, there are the following problems.

In the system shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in order to expand and contract the two-winged expansion bit 34 in synchronization, a complex synchronized link mechanism 39 and the same number of hydraulic cylinders 37 as the expansion bit 34 are arranged horizontally. Furthermore, the penetration direction and cutting angle of the expansion drilling bit 34 into the ground constantly change depending on the opening degree of the expansion drilling bit 34 during expansion, and the bit penetration force against the ground also changes, so the drilling hole wall is the most It is difficult to perform efficient and stable excavation on the reverse slope of the upper part of the expanded bottom shape, which becomes unstable. On the other hand, in the method shown in FIG. 11, the bottom-expanding mechanism becomes complicated because the upper and lower expansion bits of the 2M structure are individually operated by the respective hydraulic cylinders 43a and 43b. is difficult. In practice, after the excavation work with the upper expansion bit 40 is completed, the excavation work must be started with the lower expansion bit 41, which greatly reduces excavation or work efficiency. In addition, in order to smoothly connect the excavation trajectories of the upper expansion excavation bit 40 and the lower expansion excavation bit 41, it is necessary to control the expansion operation of the lower expansion excavation bit 41 with high precision. The cutting angle and bit penetration force against the ground change during expansion. Furthermore, since the hydraulic cylinders 43a and 43b are arranged vertically and form a link mechanism similar to a toggle mechanism, the expansion force of the upper expansion bit 40 fluctuates greatly during the excavation process from the start of excavation to the end of excavation, making it stable. The bit penetration force cannot be obtained.

Regarding the spacing between the bottom plates of the earth and sand bucket, the manual spacing method requires a full-time operator to operate the plate opening lever, while the semi-automatic plate opening method, which uses a bracket on the top of the construction machine's frame, requires the excavation equipment to be raised high above the ground. Since the bottom plate is opened at a position where the bottom plate is opened, there is a lot of mud and dirt flying around, which poses a high risk to people and property in the surrounding area.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, realizes highly efficient excavation work with excellent stability and safety, and provides a rotary excavation equipment for expanded bottom piles having a rational structure. .

[Means to solve the problem]

In the first invention of the present application, when drilling a cast-in-place expansion pile to enlarge the shape of the tip of the pile, a drill vibrator 1 connected to the lower end of the construction machine Kerryba and rotated is arranged at the center of the equipment, and a pin shaft is attached to the upper part of the drill pipe. Did you fix the top end with 5? ! A number of expansion drilling bits 4 are placed around the drill pipe, and a universal joint portion consisting of a ball seat 9 and a connecting shaft 10 is provided at the bottom of the expansion drilling bit so that the lower end of the bit can be expanded, contracted and bent.
A link mechanism is provided that uses the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 6 to open each expansion drilling bit equally downward in an umbrella shape, enabling the expansion and contraction of the expansion drilling bit, and also allows the drill pipe to swing at the bottom of the drill vibe with the drill pipe as the rotation axis. The earth and sand bucket 12 is connected to the earth and sand bucket 12'11, and the earth and sand bucket has a vertical hinge 14 so that a part of the side surface of the bucket is open.
A plurality of side surfaces M11 that can be opened and closed are attached, and the lower end 4a of the expansion excavation bit having a universal joint part and the end of the side cover are connected by a vertical pin shaft 13, and the expansion and contraction operation of the expansion excavation bit and the opening and closing of the side cover are performed. The operations are linked, and the Kerry bar and drill pipe are rotated in the excavation direction to excavate the entire surface of the ground in a shape determined by the overall shape of the expansion drilling bit and the movement locus of the link structure, and the excavated soil is transferred to the expansion drilling bit and the surface surveying area. The structure is such that a predetermined expanded bottom shape is formed while taking the soil into the bucket at the front of the lid.

The second invention of the present application is a bottom plate that opens and closes with a hinge 19 to the earth and sand bucket 12, and a locking device for mooring the bottom plate]! 17
A and a lever 17 for operating the locking device, and a hydraulic cylinder 18 that operates using the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic cylinder 6 that expands and contracts the expansion excavation bit 4 is disposed above the earth and sand bucket. Connect it to the lever,
When discharging excavated earth and sand, the hydraulic cylinder is operated to release the locking device, and the bottom plate is automatically opened using hydraulic pressure.

[Effect]

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, the expansion drilling bit and the side cover of the earth and sand bucket are interlocked by the expanding drilling bit structure whose lower end part has a telescopic and bending function and the rocking movement of the earth and sand bucket around the axis of the drill pipe. Then, the entire surface of the expanded bottom shape is excavated at the same time. In addition, the entire operation of the rotary drilling equipment is operated only by the hydraulic cylinder installed on the expansion drilling bit and a simple downward opening link mechanism.The expansion of the hydraulic cylinder causes the expansion drilling bit to move in the radial direction around the drill pipe. It overhangs the ground and penetrates perpendicularly to the rock wall while maintaining a constant cutting angle during excavation.

Furthermore, in a configuration in which the hydraulic cylinder is arranged horizontally and the expansion drilling bit is moved directly, the working force of the hydraulic cylinder is efficiently used, and the expansion force of the expansion drilling bit is exerted at a constant level during excavation, making it always stable. Excavation is performed while maintaining the bit penetration force.

Furthermore, in a configuration in which the bottom plate of the earth and sand bucket is opened using hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic cylinder that opens the bottom plate is operated only by operating a switching valve built into the hydraulic circuit that expands and contracts the expanding excavation bit. The excavated soil is automatically opened and the excavated soil is discharged.

As a result, an enlarged bottom shape with a smooth hole wall surface was uniquely determined while the rotary drilling equipment was held at a constant depth, allowing for highly efficient and stable drilling, as well as safety and labor-saving drainage. Earthwork will be carried out.

〔Example〕

An example shown in the drawings will be described below.

1 to 5 show the structure and function of the rotary excavation device of the present invention, FIGS. 1 and 2 show the storage state of the expansion drilling bit, that is, the state before the start of bottom expansion excavation, and FIG. indicates the expanded state of the expanding drilling bit, that is, the state at the end of bottom expanding excavation.

The upper end of the drill pipe l in the rotary drilling equipment is connected to the connecting pin 2 h! A rotary drilling device is connected to the Kerry bar of a machine tool and suspended from the Kerry bar, and the drilling rotational force of the Kerry bar is reliably transmitted to the drill pipe l. A stabilizer 3 is installed at the upper part of the drill pipe 1 to enhance stability of drilling.

The expanding drilling bit 4 is composed of 4 g, and the upper end of the expanding drilling bit is fixed to the upper part of the drill pipe with a pin shaft 5 and is suspended.
A synchronizing ring 7 that fits with the J-rill pipe l and slides in the vertical direction is provided, and the lower part of the expanding drilling bit 4 is connected with a connecting link 8 via the synchronizing ring and the pin shaft, and the expanding drilling bit 4 is hydraulically operated. A link mechanism is formed that connects the pin shaft 5 with the pin shaft 5 as the center. Further, the hydraulic cylinder 6 is directly connected to the two opposing expanding drilling bits 4, and 4)! In the case of the expanding drilling bit, two hydraulic cylinders 6 are arranged horizontally so as to pass through the center of the drill pipe 1 and intersect with each other.

Therefore, the expansion and contraction forces of the hydraulic cylinders 6 are
g can be directly transmitted to the expanding drilling bit 4, and expanding and contracting the expanding drilling bit 4 in the radial direction with respect to the drill pipe axis. Incidentally, the expansion/contraction amount of the 4'm expansion drilling bit 4 is synchronized by the connecting link 8 and the synchronization ring 7 and becomes equal. moreover,
A dirt bucket 12 is provided at the bottom of the drill pipe 1 and is connected to the drill pipe 1 so as to be swingable with the drill pipe 1 as a rotation axis.
Further, a side surface N11 is attached to the earth and sand bucket, which can be opened and closed by a straight hinge 14 so that a part of the side surface of the bucket is opened.

Among the four-winged expanding drilling bits 4, a pair of opposing expanding drilling bits 4 is provided with a universal joint section at the lower part thereof so that the lower end portion 4a of the expanding drilling bit can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction and bent. That is, the universal joint portion is connected to the spherical seat 9 and the lower end portion 4a of the expanding drilling bit.
The connecting shaft 10 is provided with a ball l19, and the connecting shaft 1G is fitted into the ball l19 to connect the expanding drilling bit 4 and the lower end portion 4'a of the expanding drilling bit in a universal joint shape. Therefore, since the connecting shaft 10 is also extended in the radial direction with the expansion operation of the expansion excavation bit 4, the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 6 causes the expansion excavation bit 4
The lower end portion 4a of the expanding excavation bit simultaneously expands and contracts. Expansion drilling bit 4 and lower end 4 of the expansion drilling bit
As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the movement of the universal joint part a is as shown in Figs. Since it is connected at , it bends at spherical seat 9,
Scales parallel to the vertical state. Further, a guide 2 extending from the expanding drilling bit 4 is provided at the lower end 4a of the expanding drilling bit.
1 are always in contact with each other, the lower end 4a of the drilling bit does not rotate about the connecting shaft 10. Note that the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is operated from an operation panel on the ground.

A sliding type drill part 20 is provided between the synchronization ring 7 and l'rill pipe 1, and the drilling rotational force is directly transmitted from the drill pipe l via the drill shaft 5 to the expanding drilling bit 41. It is also transmitted via the synchronization ring 7 and the connection link 8. The drilling rotational force is generated by the drill pipe 1, the bin shaft 5, the synchronization ring 7, the connecting link 8, the expanding drilling bit 4, the ball seat 9, the connecting shaft 101, the lower end 4a of the expanding drilling bit, the bin shaft 13, the side cover 11, Sediment bucket 1 through hinge 14
2 is transmitted.

Figure 6 shows the connecting shaft 10 attached to the lower end of the expanding drilling bit 4.
This shows the planar movement of the lower end 4a of the expanding excavation bit, the side surface M11, and the earth and sand bucket 12. The drill pipe l and the earth and sand bucket 12 are connected by a rocking shaft 15, and as the bin shaft 13 is extended in the radial direction in conjunction with the lower end 4a of the expanding drilling bit, the earth and sand bucket 12 is moved around the drill vibe shaft by the rocking shaft 15. The hinge 14 is rotated by a predetermined swing angle θ by 22 times to shift the hinge 14 in the direction of excavation rotation to the hinge position 1114a at the time of expansion, and the side surface l111 is smoothly opened. By contracting, the earth and sand bucket 12 exhibits a reverse swinging rotational motion, and the lower end 4a and side surface Ill of the expanding drilling bit are closed. In addition, earth and sand bucket 1
Even if the drill vibrator 2 is swung around the axis of the drill vibrator, there is no problem at all in terms of excavation work or structure.

For excavation, the upper part of the expanded bottom shape is tapped with the expansion drilling bit 4, and by opening downward in the radial direction of the excavation rotation, the expansion drilling bit always maintains the optimal cutting angle and stable expansion force while digging into the ground. It penetrates the wall surface and excavates a reversely inclined part according to the downward opening angle of the expanding excavation bit 4.

On the other hand, the lower end portion 4a of the expanding drilling bit follows the expanding drilling bit 4 and extends in parallel in a state perpendicular to the radial direction.・While maintaining a constant cutting angle and stable expansion force, it penetrates the rock wall surface and excavates the bottom of the expanded bottom shape. Further, the lower end 4a of the expanding excavation bit serves to widen the side surface 1111 that guides excavated earth and sand into the inside of the earth and sand bucket 12, and the bottom surface of the pile is expanded from the earth and sand 12 in front of the lower end 4a of the expanding excavation bit and the side lid 11. The excavated earth and sand of the area are collected into the earth and sand bucket 12. Then, the excavated earth and sand is reliably taken into the earth and sand bucket 12 while closing the expanding excavation bit 4, the lower end 4a and the side surface Ill of the expanding excavation bit.

The trench excavated by the capacity of the earth and sand bucket 12 is lifted up to the ground, and the rotary excavator is lifted above the ground, and the bottom plate 16 is opened downward by operating the lever 17 at the top of the earth and sand bucket 12 to discharge the excavated earth and sand, and the bottom is expanded to a predetermined diameter. Repeat excavation from time to time (until the bottom is expanded).

In the above embodiment, as an example of the configuration according to the present invention, a device configuration in which a drilling bit is directly moved by a horizontally arranged hydraulic cylinder is taken up, but as shown in FIG. 7, a pair of vertically arranged hydraulic cylinders 6 are used. A device that moves the synchronizing ring 7 up and down and expands and contracts the expanding drilling bit 4 via the link its! ! By using this configuration, all the problems of the prior art except that the expanding force of the expanding drilling bit 4 fluctuates during drilling can be eliminated, and the main objective of the present invention can be fully achieved. . In addition, in the above embodiment, since the expansion drilling bit has four blades, the stability of the device at the drilling mouth 1 is increased compared to the conventional technology with a two-blade configuration, which is advantageous for the damage t1. 2i drilling bit! ! However, it goes without saying that the object of the present invention can be achieved.

FIG. 8 shows a hydraulic circuit for operating the expansion excavation bit 4 and the lever 17 for opening the bottom plate.
The hydraulic cylinder 6 expands and contracts by switching the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic source 23 with the switching valve 25.

A hydraulic cylinder 18 disposed above the earth and sand bucket 12 for opening the bottom plate is expanded and contracted by operating a switching valve 27 while the switching valve 25 is kept neutral. That is, the switching valve 27
By opening it, hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic fi 23 is applied directly to the hydraulic hose 22, and at the same time, hydraulic pressure reduced by the pressure reducing valve 28 is applied to the hydraulic hose 26. The pressure reducing ratio of the pressure reducing valve 28 at this time needs to be smaller than the ratio of the pressure receiving area on the rod side to the pressure receiving area on the piston side of the hydraulic cylinder 6. In this state, the operating force on the rod side of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is always greater than the operating force on the piston side, and the hydraulic cylinder 6 is in a contracted state. On the other hand, as a result of the sequence valve 31 being actuated by the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic hose 22, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic hose 26 is applied to the hydraulic cylinder 18, and the hydraulic cylinder 18 contracts to operate the lever 17. Next, the locking device 17a at the tip of the lever 17 is released and the hinge 1 is closed.
91: Open the bottom plate 16 downward and discharge the earth and sand in the earth and sand bucket 12. On the other hand, when the switching valve 27 is closed, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic hose 26 is released via the switching valve 25, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is lengthened by fil+ due to the spring force, and the locking device 117a at the tip of the lever 1 returns to its original position. The bottom plate can be re-moored.

〔Effect of the invention〕

By using the rotary excavation device for expanded-bottomed piles of the present invention, it is possible to excavate the entire surface of an expanded-bottomed rock at the same time, while always maintaining an optimal cutting angle and stable expanding force against the rock wall surface.
Since it is possible to penetrate with 14 drilling bits, highly efficient and stable drilling can be achieved.

According to the second invention of the present application, the bottom plate of the earth and sand bucket can be opened automatically using the hydraulic circuit for bottom-expanding excavation, thereby saving labor and improving safety.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an excavating device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a stored state, FIG. 2 is a bottom view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an expanded excavation bit in an expanded state. Figure 4 is a side view of the universal joint at the bottom of the drilling bit in the expanded state, Figure 5 is a front view of the universal joint at the bottom of the drilling bit in the expanded state, and Figure 6 is soil and sand around the axis of the drill pipe. FIG. 7 is an explanatory plan view when the bucket is oscillated and rotated, FIG. 7 is a side view of the excavation rig in an expanded state with hydraulic cylinders arranged vertically, and FIG. 8 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for operating the excavation rig. . FIG. 9 is a side view of a conventional drilling device that expands the drilling bit by rotating it around a vertical axis, and FIG. 1O is a plan view of the same. FIG. 11 is a side view of a conventional drilling device in which upper and lower expanding drilling bits are expanded individually. l is the drill pipe, 2 is the connecting bottle, 3 is the stabilizer,
4 is an expanding drilling bit, 4a is the lower end of the expanding drilling bit, 5 is a bottle shaft, 6 is a hydraulic cylinder, 7 is a synchronizing ring, 8 is a connecting link, 9 is a ball seat, 10 is a connecting shaft, 11 is a side cover, 12
is the earth and sand bucket, 13 is the bin shaft, 14 is the hinge, 15 is the swing shaft, 16 is the bottom plate, 17 is the lever, 18 is the hydraulic cylinder Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 8 $9t1 Procedure correction Written (spontaneous) Moxibustion June 1988 Bad Day Commissioner of the Patent Office 100 1) Moon Yi 1. Indication of the incident Patent Application No. 1983-109415 2. Name of the invention Rotary excavation device for bottom-expanding piles 3, T4 correction Patent applicant: 4-3-55 Denpo, Konohana-ku, Osaka, Konoike Co., Ltd. Gumi 4, agent: No. 5, 1-2-8 Nishihonmachi, Nishi-ku, Osaka, Fuji Building M Building 1 Invention of the Specification Detailed explanation column and Figure 8 6 of the drawings,
Neat Contents 63, 6.24 1. On page 8, line 12 of the specification, the phrase ``to be used,'' should be corrected to ``because it will be used.'' 2. On the last line of page 12, the phrase ``Turn 22 times'' should be corrected to ``Rotate by 22 times.'' 3. Correct figure 8 in the drawings as shown in the attached sheet. Figure 8

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) When drilling a cast-in-place expansion pile to enlarge the shape of the pile tip, place the drill pipe 1 connected to the lower end of the construction machine Kerryba and rotated at the center of the equipment, and attach the pin shaft 5 to the top of the drill pipe at the upper end. A plurality of expanding drilling bits 4 with fixed screws are suspended around the drill pipe, and a universal joint portion consisting of a ball seat 9 and a connecting shaft 10 is provided at the bottom of the expanding drilling bits so that the lower end of the bit can be expanded, contracted and bent. A link mechanism is provided that uses the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 6 to open each expansion bit equally downward in an umbrella-like manner, allowing the expansion and contraction of the expansion bit, and the bottom of the drill pipe to be able to swing with the drill pipe as the rotation axis. Sediment bucket 1 joined like this
2 is installed, and a plurality of side lids are attached to the earth and sand bucket, which can be opened and closed by vertical hinges 14 so that a part of the side surface of the bucket is open, and the lower end 4a of the expanding excavation bit having a universal joint part and the side lids are attached to the earth and sand bucket. The ends of the drill bit are connected by a vertical pin shaft 13 to link the expansion and contraction operations of the expansion drilling bit and the opening/closing operations of the side cover, and the Kerry bar and drill pipe are rotated in the drilling direction to allow operation based on the overall shape of the expansion drilling bit and the link structure. Rotary excavation for expanded bottom piles, which excavates the entire surface of the ground in a shape determined by the trajectory, and forms a predetermined expanded bottom shape while taking the excavated soil into the soil bucket with the front of the expanding drilling bit and side lid. Device. (2) The bottom widening according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 6 is arranged horizontally, and both ends thereof are connected to the widening bit 4, so that the two opposing wings of the widening bit are directly moved by the hydraulic cylinder. Rotary drilling equipment for piles. (3) The earth and sand bucket 12 is equipped with a bottom plate that opens and closes with a hinge 19 and a locking device 17a that anchors the bottom plate, and a lever 17 that operates the locking device, and the hydraulic cylinder 6 that expands and contracts the expanding excavation bit 4. A hydraulic cylinder 18 that operates using a hydraulic circuit is placed on the top of the earth and sand bucket and connected to the lever, and when discharging excavated earth and earth, the hydraulic cylinder is operated to open the locking device, and the bottom plate is locked using hydraulic pressure. A rotary excavation device for expanding bottom piles that is characterized by automatic opening.