CN105156103A - Debris-core-borehole-reservoir multiscale shale reservoir three-dimensional fracturing evaluation method - Google Patents
Debris-core-borehole-reservoir multiscale shale reservoir three-dimensional fracturing evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a debris-core-borehole-reservoir multiscale shale reservoir three-dimensional fracturing evaluation method. The method comprises the steps of: (S1) calculating mineral content brittleness indexes in a shale coring position; (S2) building relations among an internal friction angle, I type and II type fracture toughness and rock mechanical parameters; (S3) building shale fracturing evaluation models comprehensively considering a mineral content, elastic parameters, the internal friction angle, a critical strain energy release rate and the rapture toughness; (S4) applying a support vector machine algorithm to obtain a cluster analysis mode between a reservoir fracturing performance and the elastic parameters; and (S5) applying the cluster analysis mode and a reservoir three-dimensional elastic parameter data body to obtain a debris-core-borehole-reservoir multiscale shale reservoir three-dimensional fracturing model. The method can be applied to obtain the fracturing performance of any space position in a shale reservoir, so that the well position selection blindness is prevented, and the fracturing modification effect and the after-pressing yield are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to shale oil gas development technology field, particularly relate to the shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break evaluation method that a kind of landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir is multiple dimensioned.
Background technology
Along with Chinese national economy maintains sustained and rapid growth, energy demand sharply increases, and oil-gas resource imbalance between supply and demand is given prominence to.China's shale gas resource is very abundant, and show according to Ministry of Land and Resources's oil gas center newest research results in 2012, China's shale gas mining resources amount is 25,000,000,000,000 sides, and development potentiality is huge.Along with the successful exploitation in the typical shale gas fields such as the U.S. Barnett, EagleFord and China Fuling, shale gas is expected to become important and takes over the energy.But, the exploitation ubiquity of China's shale gas the bottleneck problems such as individual well cost is high, overall yield is low, the rear effect of pressure is uneven, add plummeting of international oil price, the difficult problem making the exploitation of China's shale gas resource be faced with cost of investment to be difficult to reclaim, the development of serious restriction shale gas industry.
The shale gas reservoir landforms of the U.S. are smooth, it is more shallow to bury, reservoir properties is even, and usually come preferred perforation bunch position and fractured interval by the pressure break of contrast level well well each position, after pressure, effect is better.But, Sichuan province geological structure is violent, reservoir geology complicated condition, the inner physical property of shale reservoir and non-homogeneity differ greatly, existing brittleness index evaluation method only belongs to well yardstick, the prediction of whole reservoir fragility cannot be realized, if horizontal well track is positioned at the poor reservoir of fragility or bores meet the fragility interlayer that modulus of elasticity is higher and Poisson is smaller, the perforating site of existing method optimization and fractured interval is adopted to be difficult to the fracture network obtained required by volume fracturing, thus make shale gas well capacity do not reach re-set target even part well pressure after and lose gas, the huge investment of drilling well in early stage and extensive fracturing is caused to be difficult to be recompensed.In order to optimize the design of shale gas well long horizontal sections track, making the long horizontal sections of 1000-2000m all be positioned at reservoir properties and the good position of pressure break, the three-dimensional pressure break model of whole reservoir must be set up.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the shortcoming overcoming prior art, the shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break evaluation method that a kind of landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir is multiple dimensioned is provided, sets up the three-dimensional pressure break model of shale reservoir.In conjunction with geology dessert, geostatic stress and intrinsic fracture developmental state, this model can be used for instructing the well track of shale gas horizontal well to design, for the optimization of perforation bunch position and fractured interval provides theories integration, to form maximized fracture network, improve final fracturing effect, reclaim the cost of investment of shale gas well as early as possible.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, the shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break evaluation method that a kind of landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir is multiple dimensioned, comprises the following steps:
S1, adopt mineral content brittleness index to evaluate empirical formula, calculate shale and to core the mineral content brittleness index of position;
S2, set up angle of internal friction, I type and the relational expression between II type crack fracture toughness and rock-mechanics property parameter;
S3, set up and consider the shale pressure break evaluation model of mineral content, elastic parameter, angle of internal friction, strain energy release rate and fracture toughness, calculate the pressure break Vertical Curve of drilling well position reservoir;
S4, utilization algorithm of support vector machine, obtain the cluster analysis relation between reservoir pressure break and elastic parameter, and adopt the cluster analysis pattern between individual well pressure break Vertical Curve checking pressure break and elastic parameter;
S5, application cluster analysis pattern, to reservoir three dimensional elasticity supplemental characteristic body, are set up based on the multiple dimensioned shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break model of landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir.
Further, described step S3 comprises following sub-step:
S31, employing elastic parameter brittleness index evaluate empirical formula, calculate the elastic parameter brittleness index EE of position of coring
n;
The mineral content brittleness index B that S32, foundation consider in described step S1
n, elastic parameter brittleness index EE
nwith the angle of internal friction in described step S2
strain energy release rate G
cwith the shale pressure break evaluation model of fracture toughness:
In formula, FI
1, FI
2be respectively the pressure break evaluation number considering shale strain energy rate and fracture toughness, dimensionless;
W is the weight coefficient of number range 0 ~ 1, dimensionless;
for comprehensive mineral content brittleness index B
nwith elastic parameter brittleness index EE
nfragility expression formula, B
n-nfor the shale brittleness index of comprehensive mineral content and elastic parameter, dimensionless; B
n, EE
nequal dimensionless;
for strain energy release rate weight expression formula, G
c_nfor the strain energy rate weight of sandstone reservoir, dimensionless; G
c, G
c_max, G
c_minbe respectively the strain energy release rate of sandstone reservoir, the maximum strain energy release rate of sandstone reservoir and minimum critical strain energy rate, unit is N/m;
for angle of internal friction weight expression formula,
for the angle of internal friction weight of sandstone reservoir, dimensionless;
be respectively sandstone reservoir and calculate the sine value of position angle of internal friction, the sine value of maximum angle of internal friction of sandstone reservoir and the sine value of minimum angle of internal friction, dimensionless;
for I type fracture toughness weight expression formula, K
iC_nfor the I type fracture toughness weight of sandstone reservoir, dimensionless; K
iC, K
iC_max, K
iC_minbe respectively sandstone reservoir and calculate the I type fracture toughness of position, the maximum I type fracture toughness of sandstone reservoir and minimum I type fracture toughness, unit is MPam
1/2;
for II type fracture toughness weight expression formula, K
iIC_nfor the II type fracture toughness weight of sandstone reservoir, dimensionless; K
iIC, K
iIC_max, K
iI_minbe respectively sandstone reservoir and calculate the II type fracture toughness of position, the maximum II type fracture toughness of sandstone reservoir and minimum II type fracture toughness, unit is MPam
1/2;
The comprehensively multifactor pressure break evaluation model that S33, utilization are set up, in conjunction with angle of internal friction, I type and the relational expression between II type fracture toughness and rock-mechanics property parameter in the log data of shale gas well and described step S2, calculate the pressure break Vertical Curve feature of shale gas drilling well position reservoir.
Further, described step S4 comprises:
Adopt algorithm of support vector machine, consider the reliability of seismic inversion reservoir elastic parameter, select p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance, poisson's ratio, the elastic parameter that Lame parameter is trained as cluster analysis with the ratio of modulus of shearing, classification relation between training shale reservoir pressure break and shale elastic parameter, find out the cluster analysis pattern between reservoir elastic parameter and pressure break, and adopt the cluster analysis pattern in described step S3 between individual well pressure break Vertical Curve checking pressure break and elastic parameter.
Further, described step S5 comprises:
Pretreatment is carried out to guarantee data volume quality and to obtain three-dimensional reservoir elastic parameter data volume to earthquake data before superposition body, the individual well pressure break Vertical Curve utilizing described step S3 to set up, by applying cluster analysis pattern in described step S4 to three-dimensional reservoir elastic parameter data volume, set up based on the multiple dimensioned shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break model of landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, the three-dimensional pressure break evaluation model of shale gas reservoir is established, this model can quantize the pressure break of reservoir different spatial truely and accurately, in conjunction with geology dessert, shale gas horizontal well is always bored and meets high yield, high pressure break layer position, make up geological conditions to a certain extent and be familiar with unclear deficiency, improve the effect of shale reservoir volume pressure break, maximize shale gas well capacity, reduce the recovery time of shale gas well cost of investment;
2, the model set up is used can to evaluate the pressure break of individual well drilling well position, preferred perforation bunch position and fractured interval;
3, use the model set up that well track can be made always to be positioned at the high reservoir of pressure break inner, drill bit drilling speed when high pressure break drilling-in jobs is improved, and shortens drilling period, saves drilling cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the three-dimensional pressure break evaluation method of the multiple dimensioned shale reservoir of a kind of landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the mineral content brittleness index curve map of well drilling well position reservoir in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the elastic parameter brittleness index curve map of well drilling well position reservoir in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the pressure break Vertical Curve figure of drilling well position reservoir considering mineral content, elastic parameter, angle of internal friction, strain energy release rate in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal sectional drawing based on the cluster analysis pattern between reservoir elastic parameter and pressure break in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the vertical sectional view of shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break set up in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break view in transverse section set up in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following stated.
The shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break evaluation method that landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir is multiple dimensioned, comprises the following steps:
The testing equipments such as S1, employing x-ray diffractometer, carry out the mineral constituent test of target block well drilling detritus and sampling rock core fragment, adopt the mineral content brittleness index B of Wang and Gale
nevaluation empirical formula (Wang, F.P., andJ.F.W.Gale.Screeningcriteriaforshale-gassystems:GulfC oastAssociationofGeologicalSocietiesTransactions, v.59, p.779-793,2009):
B
n=(W
quartz, calcite+ W
dolomite)/W
gross mass(1) the mineral content brittleness index B of drilling well position or position shale of coring is calculated
n, dimensionless, in formula, W
quartz, calcitefor quality that is quartzy and calcite, W
dolomitefor dolomite quality, unit is Kg; W
gross massfor the gross mass of mineral, unit is Kg; In conjunction with the mineral content curve after correction, calculate the mineral content brittleness index curve of well drilling well position reservoir as shown in Figure 2;
S2, employing HTHP three axle rock mechanics test macro, the single shaft of test shale core and three axle rock mechanics intensity parameters, comprise elastic modulus E, poisson's ratio v, angle of internal friction
deng, adopt the tensile strength of Brazilian disc measuring shale sample, I type and II type fracture toughness K
iCand K
iIC, set up angle of internal friction
i type and the relational expression between II type fracture toughness and rock-mechanics property parameter:
In formula, σ
tfor the tensile strength of tight sand, unit is MPa; σ
nfor fracture surface normal direction confined pressure, unit is MPa; ρ is tight sand density, and unit is Kg/m
3.
The mineral content brittleness index of S3, employing Rickman evaluates empirical formula (RickmanR, MullenM, PetreE, etal.APracticalUseofShalePetrophysicsforStimulationDesig nOptimization:AllShalePlaysAreNotClonesoftheBarnettShale .SPE115258, SPEAnnualTechnicalConferenceandExhibition, 21-24September, Denver, Colorado, USA, 2008) the elastic parameter brittleness index EE of position of coring, is calculated
n, dimensionless:
In formula,
e
nfor elastic parameter brittleness index, dimensionless; E, E
maxand E
minbe maximum elastance and minimal elastic modulus in the modulus of elasticity of Sandstone Gas Reservoir, Sandstone Gas Reservoir respectively, unit is GPa,
ν
nfor poisson's ratio brittleness index, dimensionless; ν, v
maxand v
minbe the poisson's ratio of Sandstone Gas Reservoir, the maximum poisson's ratio of Sandstone Gas Reservoir and minimum poisson's ratio respectively, dimensionless, in conjunction with well-log information, calculates the elastic parameter brittleness index curve of well drilling well position reservoir as shown in Figure 3;
Set up the mineral content brittleness index B considered in described step S1
n, elastic parameter brittleness index EE
nwith the angle of internal friction in described step S2, strain energy release rate G
c, fracture toughness shale pressure break evaluation model:
In formula, FI
1, FI
2be respectively the pressure break evaluation number considering shale strain energy rate and fracture toughness, dimensionless;
W is the weight coefficient of number range 0 ~ 1, dimensionless;
for comprehensive mineral content brittleness index B
nwith elastic parameter brittleness index EE
nfragility expression formula, B
n-nfor the shale brittleness index of comprehensive mineral content and elastic parameter, dimensionless; B
n, EE
nunit be dimensionless;
for strain energy release rate weight expression formula, G
c_nfor the strain energy rate weight of sandstone reservoir, dimensionless; G
c, G
c_max, G
c_minbe respectively the strain energy release rate of sandstone reservoir, the maximum strain energy release rate of sandstone reservoir and minimum critical strain energy rate, unit is N/m;
for angle of internal friction weight expression formula,
for the angle of internal friction weight of sandstone reservoir, dimensionless;
be respectively sandstone reservoir and calculate the sine value of position angle of internal friction, the sine value of maximum angle of internal friction of sandstone reservoir and the sine value of minimum angle of internal friction, dimensionless;
for I type fracture toughness weight expression formula, K
iC_nfor the I type fracture toughness weight of sandstone reservoir, dimensionless; K
iC, K
iC_max, K
iC_minbe respectively sandstone reservoir and calculate the I type fracture toughness of position, the maximum I type fracture toughness of sandstone reservoir and minimum I type fracture toughness, unit is MPam
1/2;
for II type fracture toughness weight expression formula, K
iIC_nfor the II type fracture toughness weight of sandstone reservoir, dimensionless; K
iIC, K
iIC_max, K
iI_minbe respectively sandstone reservoir and calculate the II type fracture toughness of position, the maximum II type fracture toughness of sandstone reservoir and minimum II type fracture toughness, unit is MPam
1/2;
Utilize the comprehensively multifactor pressure break evaluation model set up, in conjunction with log data, the mineral content brittleness index B of shale gas well
n, elastic parameter brittleness index EE
n, angle of internal friction, tensile strength, I type and II type fracture toughness, relational expression (2) between rock-mechanics property parameter, calculate the pressure break Vertical Curve of shale gas drilling well position reservoir as shown in Figure 4.
S4, employing algorithm of support vector machine, consider the reliability of seismic inversion reservoir elastic parameter, select p-wave impedance Zp, unit is kgm
-2s
-1, S-wave impedance Zs, unit is kgm
-2s
-1poisson's ratio ν, dimensionless, the elastic parameter that Lame parameter is trained as cluster analysis than μ/λ with modulus of shearing, classification relation between training shale reservoir pressure break and shale elastic parameter, find out cluster analysis pattern between reservoir elastic parameter and pressure break as shown in Figure 5, find that the cluster analysis pattern that obtains and key hole result of calculation have good anastomose property.
S5, pretreatment is carried out to earthquake data before superposition body, to guarantee data volume quality and to obtain three-dimensional reservoir elastic parameter data volume, the individual well pressure break Vertical Curve that utilization is set up as shown in Figure 4, by application cluster analysis pattern (Fig. 5) to three-dimensional reservoir elastic parameter data volume, set up based on the multiple dimensioned shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break model of landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir, if Fig. 6 is the vertical sectional view of shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break, Fig. 7 is shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break view in transverse section, from Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the good position of pressure break, reservoir space region can be seen more intuitively, the layout of shale gas horizontal well well location should preferably consider this region, volume fracturing is made to form maximized fracture network, improve the final effect of pressure break.
Claims (4)
1. the shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break evaluation method that landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir is multiple dimensioned, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
S1, adopt mineral content brittleness index to evaluate empirical formula, calculate shale and to core the mineral content brittleness index of position;
S2, set up angle of internal friction, I type and the relational expression between II type crack fracture toughness and rock-mechanics property parameter;
S3, set up and consider the shale pressure break evaluation model of mineral content, elastic parameter, angle of internal friction, strain energy release rate and fracture toughness, for calculating the pressure break Vertical Curve of drilling well position reservoir;
S4, utilization algorithm of support vector machine, obtain the cluster analysis relation between reservoir pressure break and elastic parameter, and adopt the cluster analysis pattern between individual well pressure break Vertical Curve checking pressure break and elastic parameter;
S5, application cluster analysis pattern, to reservoir three dimensional elasticity supplemental characteristic body, are set up based on the multiple dimensioned shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break model of landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir.
2. the shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break evaluation method that a kind of landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir according to claim 1 is multiple dimensioned, it is characterized in that, described step S3 comprises following sub-step:
S31, employing elastic parameter brittleness index evaluate empirical formula, calculate the elastic parameter brittleness index EE of position of coring
n;
The mineral content brittleness index B that S32, foundation consider in described step S1
n, elastic parameter brittleness index EE
nwith the angle of internal friction in described step S2
strain energy release rate G
cwith the shale pressure break evaluation model of fracture toughness:
In formula, FI
1, FI
2be respectively the pressure break evaluation number considering shale strain energy rate and fracture toughness, dimensionless;
W is the weight coefficient of number range 0 ~ 1, dimensionless;
for comprehensive mineral content brittleness index B
nwith elastic parameter brittleness index EE
nfragility expression formula, B
n-nfor the shale brittleness index of comprehensive mineral content and elastic parameter, dimensionless; B
n, EE
nequal dimensionless;
for strain energy release rate weight expression formula, G
c_nfor the strain energy rate weight of sandstone reservoir, dimensionless; G
c, G
c_max, G
c_minbe respectively the strain energy release rate of sandstone reservoir, the maximum strain energy release rate of sandstone reservoir and minimum critical strain energy rate, unit is N/m;
for angle of internal friction weight expression formula,
for the angle of internal friction weight of sandstone reservoir, dimensionless;
be respectively sandstone reservoir and calculate the sine value of position angle of internal friction, the sine value of maximum angle of internal friction of sandstone reservoir and the sine value of minimum angle of internal friction, dimensionless;
for I type fracture toughness weight expression formula, K
iC_nfor the I type fracture toughness weight of sandstone reservoir, dimensionless; K
iC, K
iC_max, K
iC_minbe respectively sandstone reservoir and calculate the I type fracture toughness of position, the maximum I type fracture toughness of sandstone reservoir and minimum I type fracture toughness, unit is MPam
1/2;
for II type fracture toughness weight expression formula, K
iIC_nfor the II type fracture toughness weight of sandstone reservoir, dimensionless; K
iIC, K
iIC_max, K
iI_minbe respectively sandstone reservoir and calculate the II type fracture toughness of position, the maximum II type fracture toughness of sandstone reservoir and minimum II type fracture toughness, unit is MPam
1/2;
The comprehensively multifactor pressure break evaluation model that S33, utilization are set up, in conjunction with angle of internal friction, I type and the relational expression between II type fracture toughness and rock-mechanics property parameter in the log data of shale gas well and described step S2, calculate the pressure break Vertical Curve feature of shale gas drilling well position reservoir.
3. the shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break evaluation method that a kind of landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir according to claim 1 is multiple dimensioned, it is characterized in that, described step S4 comprises:
Adopt algorithm of support vector machine, consider the reliability of seismic inversion reservoir elastic parameter, select p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance, poisson's ratio, the elastic parameter that Lame parameter is trained as cluster analysis with the ratio of modulus of shearing, classification relation between training shale reservoir pressure break and shale elastic parameter, find out the cluster analysis pattern between reservoir elastic parameter and pressure break, and adopt the cluster analysis pattern in described step S3 between individual well pressure break Vertical Curve checking pressure break and elastic parameter.
4. the shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break evaluation method that a kind of landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir according to claim 1 is multiple dimensioned, it is characterized in that, described step S5 comprises:
Pretreatment is carried out to guarantee data volume quality and to obtain three-dimensional reservoir elastic parameter data volume to earthquake data before superposition body, the individual well pressure break Vertical Curve utilizing described step S3 to set up, by applying cluster analysis pattern in described step S4 to three-dimensional reservoir elastic parameter data volume, set up based on the multiple dimensioned shale reservoir three-dimensional pressure break model of landwaste-rock core-well-reservoir.
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