CN110219644A - The method for determining reservoir compressibility index value spatial distribution - Google Patents
The method for determining reservoir compressibility index value spatial distribution Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/18—Complex mathematical operations for evaluating statistical data, e.g. average values, frequency distributions, probability functions, regression analysis
Abstract
The method for determining reservoir compressibility index value spatial distribution, first collection geology, well logging, seismic data；Rock sample is acquired, standard cylinder and chevron notch Brazilian disk specimen is made, calculates bulk density；The p-and s-wave velocity for measuring sample again, obtains wave impedance；Indoor sonic data and well logging sound wave data are converted；The brittleness index value and Fracture Toughness for obtaining sample again, establish corresponding prediction model, and further obtain compressibility exponential model；Based on well-log information and seismic data, the vertical and horizontal seismic wave impedance data body of acquisition is finally substituted into compressibility exponential model and carries out space distribution rule description.The method of the present invention can obtain more accurate stratum compressibility index and spatial distribution characteristic, study suitable for the compressibility index value spatial distribution characteristic of fine and close gas reservoir and shale gas reservoir, to instruct exploration and development and pressing crack construction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil development fracturing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of determining reservoir compressibility index value space
The method of distribution.
Background technique
In the development process of unconventional petroleum resources, majority uses Fracturing, and fracturing effect is good
It is bad related with the compressibility of reservoir.Rock compressibility is positively correlated with brittleness index, negatively correlated with fracture toughness.Generally
Ground, reservoir brittleness index is bigger, while fracture toughness is smaller, then the compressibility of reservoir is more preferable.On high brittleness, high tenacity stratum
Then it is not easy pressure break；Low brittleness, the plasticity on low tenacity stratum are stronger, and crack keeps the ability persistently opened weaker after pressure break, therefore
It is also not suitable for selections pressure break.Fracture toughness can describing reservoir pressure break complexity, that reflects cracking initiations in fracturing process
The ability for maintaining crack to extend forward later, this illustrates that the evaluation of reservoir compressibility can comprehensively consider brittleness index and fracture toughness
Influence.
Currently, the method for existing Study In Reservoir compressibility index, be all using single point as goal in research, can not be pre-
The spatial distribution of compressibility index, such as common indoor Rock experiment method are surveyed, sample quantities are limited, experimental cost is high,
And it is small to survey region covering scope；And other methods, as a kind of determining reservoir compressibility of patent (CN 108019205A) refers to
Several method and device, in the method, by acquiring the log data of target well target zone, the rock for including based on well logging information
Stone ore object constituent content calculates brittleness index, calculates fracture toughness index based on density interval transit time, is based on porosity calculation list
Axis compression strength, final determination can pressure break indexes；Parameter (fracture toughness, brittleness needed for compressibility index calculates in this method
Index) it is all to be obtained by indirect method, rather than obtained from the definition angle of parameters, it is obtained by indirect method
Parameter accuracy is lower；Moreover, this method is only capable of obtaining the compressibility index of smaller range reservoir near the target well borehole wall, model
It is with limit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of determining reservoir compressibility index value spatial distribution, can not only obtain
More accurate stratum compressibility index, and the spatial distribution characteristic of index can be obtained, both can be suitably used for tight gas reservoir can
Pressure break sex index value spatial distribution characteristic research, it can also be used to which shale gas reservoir compressibility index value spatial distribution characteristic is ground
Study carefully, is beneficial to instruct exploration and development and the pressing crack construction of fine and close gas reservoir and shale gas reservoir.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
The method for determining reservoir compressibility index value spatial distribution, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the geologic information of collection research block, the well-log information at scene, seismic data；The geologic information packet
A layer group, lithology information are included, well-log information includes at least compressional wave time difference, shear wave slowness and density log data；Seismic data is at least
Including velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density data body and based on poststack data and pass through structure interpretation obtain seismic horizon number
According to；
Step 2: using geologic information as foundation, the acquisition research representational down-hole formation rock sample in area is respectively prepared
Standard cylinder sample and chevron notch Brazilian disk specimen, quantity are respectively 20~50 pieces, measure each sample respectively
Geometric parameter, and calculate the bulk density ρ of sampleSample；
Step 3: carrying out sound wave to standard cylinder sample and chevron notch Brazilian disk specimen using sound wave transmission method
Measurement, is obtained velocity of longitudinal wave, the shear wave velocity of each sample respectively, the pass between velocity of longitudinal wave and shear wave velocity is established with this
System, and then obtain the p-wave impedance and S-wave impedance of each sample:
Vs=a*Vp+b (1)
Zp=Vp* ρSample (2)
Zs=Vs* ρSample (3)
ZpFor the p-wave impedance of sample, ZsFor the S-wave impedance of sample, VpFor the velocity of longitudinal wave of sample, VsFor the cross of sample
Wave velocity；
Step 4: based on the sonic data in indoor sonic test data and live well-log information, establish indoor sound wave with
Transformational relation between live well logging sonic differential time:
Vp=c*ACd (4)
AC is the interval transit time of scene well logging；
[combinatorial formula (1)~(4) obtain the wave impedance based on live well logging sonic differential time]
Step 5: carrying out uniaxial compression experiment to standard cylinder sample, load-deformation curve is obtained, according in curve
Limit of rupture load and the limit of rupture strain to obtain the brittleness index value B of samplep；
Step 6: carrying out fracture toughness test to chevron notch Brazilian disk specimen, load-displacement curves, root are obtained
The Fracture Toughness K of sample is obtained according to the maximal destruction load value in curveic；
Step 7: respectively with the brittleness index value B of rock samplep, Fracture Toughness KicFor dependent variable, with the longitudinal wave of sample
Impedance and S-wave impedance are independent variable, establish the brittleness index value of rock sample respectively using non-linear multi-objective planning method, break
The relational expression of toughness value Yu p-wave impedance and S-wave impedance is split, to establish the prediction of rock brittleness index value and Fracture Toughness
Model:
Bp=e1*Zp+f1*Zs+g1 (5)
Kic=e2*Zp+f2*Zs+g2 (6)
In formula (1), (4)~(6), a, b, c, d, e1, e2, f1, f2, g1, g2 are various undetermined coefficient；
Step 8: being obtained using seismic data vertical needed for calculating based on live well-log information and seismic data joint inverting
Wave velocity data volume VP earthquake, shear wave velocity data volume VS earthquakeWith density data body ρEarthquake, then obtain the longitudinal wave resistance based on seismic data
Anti- data volume ZP earthquakeWith S-wave impedance data volume ZS earthquake；
Step 9: the p-wave impedance data volume of the seismic data in the 8th step and S-wave impedance data volume are substituted into the 7th step
Rock brittleness index value, Fracture Toughness prediction model in, recycle formula (7) determine reservoir compressibility index value
Spatial distribution characteristic, and then horizontal and vertical changes in spatial distribution rule is obtained to reservoir compressibility index value and is described:
In formula, FI compressibility index；Bpg、KicgRespectively normalized brittleness index, normalized fracture toughness；
Bpmax、BpminRespectively study the maxima and minima of work area brittleness index；Kicmax、KicminFor research work area fracture toughness
Maxima and minima.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention is using indoor sonic test and live well logging sound wave data as bridge, by indoor Rock experiment and seismic data
Connection is established, it is wide using seismic data spatial distribution, not by the advantages that well operations are influenced is drilled, obtain fine and close gas reservoir and shale
The compressibility index value spatial distribution characteristic of gas reservoir, can preferably instruct the exploration of fine and close gas reservoir and shale gas reservoir
Exploitation and pressing crack construction；Current reservoir compressibility evaluation is overcome to contain using laboratory core limited amount, to target area
The deficiency that lid range is small, experimental cost is high, while solving the problems, such as that not high using the methods of well logging precision, survey region is small.
Data source needed for the present invention is extensive, is easily obtained, whole needed for data contains the evaluation of reservoir compressibility
The accuracy of information, calculated result is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the brittleness index value result of 21 pieces of standard cylinder samples；
Fig. 2 is the Fracture Toughness result of 21 pieces of chevron notch Brazilian disk specimens；
Fig. 3 is the distribution map of reservoir compressibility index.
Specific embodiment
The method for determining reservoir compressibility index value spatial distribution, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: collecting the geologic information of certain shale gas field reservoir, the well-log information at scene, seismic data；The geology
Data includes layer group, lithology information, and well-log information includes at least compressional wave time difference, shear wave slowness and density log data；Earthquake money
Material include at least velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density data body and based on poststack data and pass through structure interpretation obtain earthquake
Layer position data；
Step 2: using geologic information as foundation, the acquisition research representational down-hole formation rock sample in area is respectively prepared
Standard cylinder sample and each 21 pieces of chevron notch Brazilian disk specimen, measure the geometric parameter of each sample, and count respectively
Calculate the bulk density ρ of sampleSample；
Step 3: carrying out sound wave to standard cylinder sample and chevron notch Brazilian disk specimen using sound wave transmission method
Measurement, is obtained velocity of longitudinal wave, the shear wave velocity of each sample respectively, the pass between velocity of longitudinal wave and shear wave velocity is established with this
System, and then obtain the p-wave impedance and S-wave impedance of each sample:
Vs=1.5937*Vp+51.186 (1)
VpFor the velocity of longitudinal wave of sample, VsFor the shear wave velocity of sample；
Step 4: based on the sonic data in indoor sonic test data and live well-log information, establish indoor sound wave with
Transformational relation between live well logging sonic differential time:
Vp=0.2646*AC1.3671 (2)
AC is the interval transit time of scene well logging；
The bulk density ρ of combinatorial formula (1), (2) and sampleSampleObtain the wave impedance based on live well logging sonic differential time
Zp=Vp* ρSample=0.2646*AC1.3671*ρSample (3)
Zs=Vs* ρSample=(1.5937*Vp+51.186) * ρSample
=(0.4217*AC1.3671+51.186)*ρSample (4)
ZpFor the p-wave impedance of sample, ZsFor the S-wave impedance of sample；
Step 5: carrying out uniaxial compression experiment to standard cylinder sample, the load-deformation curve of each sample is obtained,
According in curve limit of rupture load and the limit of rupture strain to obtain the brittleness index value B of samplep；
As shown in Figure 1, obtaining the brittleness index value B of 21 pieces of standard cylinder samplesp；
Step 6: carrying out fracture toughness test to chevron notch Brazilian disk specimen, load-displacement curves, root are obtained
The Fracture Toughness K of sample is obtained according to the maximal destruction load value in curveic；
As shown in Fig. 2, obtaining the Fracture Toughness K of 21 pieces of chevron notch Brazilian disk specimensic；
Step 7: respectively with the brittleness index value B of rock samplep, Fracture Toughness KicFor dependent variable, with the longitudinal wave of sample
Impedance and S-wave impedance are independent variable, establish the brittleness index value of rock sample respectively using non-linear multi-objective planning method, break
The relational expression of toughness value Yu p-wave impedance and S-wave impedance is split, to establish the prediction of rock brittleness index value and Fracture Toughness
Model:
Bp=-6.5049*Zp-1.2032*Zs-101.3 (5)
Kic=2.557 × 10-2*Zp+0.1967*Zs-0.5667 (6)
Step 8: being obtained using seismic data vertical needed for calculating based on live well-log information and seismic data joint inverting
Wave velocity data volume VP earthquake, shear wave velocity data volume VS earthquakeWith density data body ρEarthquake, then obtain the longitudinal wave resistance based on seismic data
Anti- data volume ZP earthquakeWith S-wave impedance data volume ZS earthquake；
The purpose and process of joint inversion are: indoor sound wave and live well logging sound wave are high frequency sound wave, and earthquake sound wave
For low-frequency sound wave, joint inversion application could be unfolded by needing to carry out between well logging sound wave and earthquake sound wave mutually to demarcate.Well logging money
Material is combined with seismic data, and fine calibration is carried out to interval of interest, obtains synthetic seismogram (i.e. by well-log information and ground
Shake data is mutually demarcated, and is converted respectively to two kinds of velocities of wave), and then earthquake P- and S-wave velocity body is provided for subsequent calculating.
Step 9: the p-wave impedance data volume of the seismic data in the 8th step and S-wave impedance data volume are substituted into the 7th step
Rock brittleness index value, Fracture Toughness prediction model in,
Bp=-6.5049*ZpEarthquake-1.2032*ZsEarthquake-101.3
Kic=2.557 × 10-2*ZpEarthquake+0.1967*ZsEarthquake-0.5667
Formula (7) are recycled to determine the spatial distribution characteristic of reservoir compressibility index value, and then to reservoir compressibility
Index value obtains horizontal and vertical changes in spatial distribution rule and is described, and reservoir compressibility index comprehensively considers rock brittleness and refers to
Several and fracture toughness influence, compressibility exponential number is bigger, then reservoir compressibility is better, illustrates that reservoir is suitble to pressure break body
Product transformation, stratum easily forms network fracture after transformation, is conducive to improve Oil & Gas Productivity.
In formula, FI compressibility index；Bpg、KicgRespectively normalized brittleness index, normalized fracture toughness；
Bpmax、BpminThe maxima and minima for respectively studying work area brittleness index, in the present embodiment, respectively 62.45 and 8.21；
Kicmax、KicminFor the maxima and minima for studying work area fracture toughness, in the present embodiment, respectively 1.347 and 0.367.
By above-mentioned calculating, the reservoir compressibility exponential distribution figure in this research work area is finally obtained, as shown in figure 3, figure
In, entire band indicates stratum, and light-colored part is the superiority and inferiority distributed areas of compressibility, the black stripe region being mingled in light color
Indicate optimal compressibility region.It is evident that the cross direction profiles feature of reservoir compressibility index value and longitudinal direction from figure
Distribution characteristics, while it can also be seen that reservoir compressibility superiority and inferiority distributed areas, compressibility region easily distinguishes.
Claims (1)
1. the method for determining reservoir compressibility index value spatial distribution, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the geologic information of collection research block, the well-log information at scene, seismic data；The geologic information includes layer
Group, lithology information, well-log information include at least compressional wave time difference, shear wave slowness and density log data；Seismic data includes at least
Velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density data body and based on poststack data and pass through structure interpretation obtain seismic horizon data；
Step 2: using geologic information as foundation, standard is respectively prepared in the acquisition research representational down-hole formation rock sample in area
Cylindrical specimens and chevron notch Brazilian disk specimen, quantity are respectively 20~50 pieces, measure the geometry of each sample respectively
Parameter, and calculate the bulk density ρ of sampleSample；
Step 3: carrying out cement bond logging to standard cylinder sample and chevron notch Brazilian disk specimen using sound wave transmission method
Amount, obtains velocity of longitudinal wave, the shear wave velocity of each sample respectively, establishes the relationship between velocity of longitudinal wave and shear wave velocity with this,
And then obtain the p-wave impedance and S-wave impedance of each sample:
Vs=a*Vp+b (1)
Zp=Vp* ρSample (2)
Zs=Vs* ρSample (3)
ZpFor the p-wave impedance of sample, ZsFor the S-wave impedance of sample, VpFor the velocity of longitudinal wave of sample, VsFor the shear wave speed of sample
Degree；
Step 4: establishing indoor sound wave and scene based on the sonic data in indoor sonic test data and live well-log information
Transformational relation between well logging sonic differential time:
Vp=c*ACd (4)
AC is the interval transit time of scene well logging；
Step 5: carrying out uniaxial compression experiment to standard cylinder sample, load-deformation curve is obtained, according to broken in curve
Bad ultimate load and the limit of rupture strain to obtain the brittleness index value B of samplep；
Step 6: carrying out fracture toughness test to chevron notch Brazilian disk specimen, load-displacement curves are obtained, according to song
Maximal destruction load value in line obtains the Fracture Toughness K of sampleic；
Step 7: respectively with the brittleness index value B of rock samplep, Fracture Toughness KicFor dependent variable, with the p-wave impedance of sample
With S-wave impedance be independent variable, using non-linear multi-objective planning method establish respectively rock sample brittleness index value, fracture it is tough
The relational expression of property value and p-wave impedance and S-wave impedance, to establish the prediction mould of rock brittleness index value and Fracture Toughness
Type:
Bp=e1*Zp+f1*Zs+g1 (5)
Kic=e2*Zp+f2*Zs+g2 (6)
In formula (1), (4)~(6), a, b, c, d, e1, e2, f1, f2, g1, g2 are various undetermined coefficient；
Step 8: obtaining longitudinal wave speed needed for calculating using seismic data based on live well-log information and seismic data joint inverting
Spend data volume VP earthquake, shear wave velocity data volume VS earthquakeWith density data body ρEarthquake, then obtain the p-wave impedance number based on seismic data
According to body ZP earthquakeWith S-wave impedance data volume ZS earthquake；
Step 9: the p-wave impedance data volume of the seismic data in the 8th step and S-wave impedance data volume to be substituted into the rock of the 7th step
Stone brittleness index value, Fracture Toughness prediction model in, recycle formula (7) to determine the space of reservoir compressibility index value
Distribution characteristics, and then horizontal and vertical changes in spatial distribution rule is obtained to reservoir compressibility index value and is described:
In formula, FI compressibility index；Bpg、KicgRespectively normalized brittleness index, normalized fracture toughness；Bpmax、
BpminRespectively study the maxima and minima of work area brittleness index；Kicmax、KicminFor the maximum for studying work area fracture toughness
Value and minimum value.
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