CN109916754A - A kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter - Google Patents
A kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter that the invention discloses a kind of obtains shale brittleness evaluation parameter B1 by carrying out roughness test to landwaste；Simultaneously by backscattered electron imaging (BSE), energy spectrum analysis (EDX) and nano-indentation experiment, obtains and the microcosmic rock mechanics parameters of inverting landwaste and establish microcosmic structure of shale and further upgrade and obtain this macroscopical structure and corresponding macroscopic view rock mechanics parameters and brittleness index B2, B3；This macroscopical structure of shale and corresponding rock mechanics parameters are applied to drill string-Bit-rock finite element model using in Finite Element Simulation Software, live drilling information is inputted and seeks drilling parameter；Brittleness-drilling parameter correlation model, which is established, according to acquired drilling parameter obtains brittleness index B4；The synthesis brittleness evaluation model based on drilling parameter and landwaste microscopic feature is established by B1, B2, B3 and B4, calculates comprehensive brittleness evaluation parameter B, the present invention is simple and effective, testing cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to shale gas development technique fields more particularly to a kind of based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter
Reservoir brittleness evaluation method.
Background technique
Since U.S.'s shale gas revolution, Unconventional gas starts to pour in global market for natural gas, natural gas city
The historical layout that field separates will gradually be broken.Market for natural gas is increasingly competitive, market liquidity enhancing, natural gas into
Mouth state's bargaining power enhancing, international market for natural gas is being moved towards to merge, as China's strategy of sustainable development is pushed further into,
The exploration and development and utilization of the untraditional reservoirs resource such as shale gas and gas hydrates have also been advanced further towards new high degree.Root
According to Ministry of Land and Resources's authority's statement in 2017, China has become the shale gas big producer to stand like a tripod with the U.S., Canada,
The development prospect of shale gas at home and abroad is good, and the potentiality that can be developed and used at home are larger.
In conventional brittleness evaluation, it is often necessary to take well logging means to obtain Rock in Well mechanics parameter or take macroscopic view
Rock Mechanics Test, and the existing rock macroscopic view Rock Mechanics Test means that measure mainly include list/triaxial compression test and sound wave
(a kind of rock brittleness of CN201710137576- refers to the whole English teaching of the macroscopical core sample of the technological means such as experiment acquisition
The brittleness evaluation method of several acquisition methods and rock, a kind of rock brittleness test method of CN201610655794-), but with
Upper common petrology parameter measures method has difficult coring, testing cost height, core representative poor in shale gas drilling well
Etc. limitations, meanwhile, brittleness evaluation parameter (the CN201610900051- rock brittleness index for available downhole in reservoir of logging well
The method and system of acquisition, the logging method and device-application of a kind of rock brittleness of CN201410575775- disclose), but should
The test period of technological means is long, lacks instantaneity, there is now scholar and proposes to apply landwaste microscopic feature evaluation shale reservoir crisp
The method (a kind of shale compressibility evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature of CN201510799922-) of property, but do not have
Microcosmic structure of shale is upgraded into this macroscopical structure, complete and accurate earth's surface can not be carried out to macroscopical shale mechanical properties of rock
Sign, meanwhile, all without establishing the brittleness evaluation method based on drilling parameter in above-mentioned conventional method.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes that a kind of reservoir brittleness based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter is commented
Valence method.
Specifically, a kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter, includes the following steps；
S1, roughness test is carried out to the landwaste of target reservoir, is obtained according to the definition of landwaste roughness based on landwaste table
The brittleness evaluation parameter B of surface roughness1；
S2, (BSE) and energy spectrum analysis (EDX) technology is imaged using backscattered electron, analysis obtains shale minerals component
Mass percent；
S3, nano-indentation experiment is carried out to landwaste, obtains the microcosmic elastic modulus E of landwaste, penetration hardness H, and pass through hardness-
The resulting uniform dielectric analysis method inverting of packing density of particle relationship obtains the cohesive strength c under shale reservoir micro-scalesWith
Internal friction angle factor alpha, and calculate the internal friction angle of landwaste
S4, the finite element model for establishing nano-indentation experiment reversely seek the load-deformation curve of landwaste plastic stage
Cζ-ε, in conjunction with elastic modulus E, cohesive strength csAnd internal friction angleThe microcosmic constitutive model of rock mechanics for being applicable in landwaste is established, into one
Step is based on Mori-Tanaka model, obtains constitutive models and corresponding macroscopic elastic modulus E ' according to microcosmic constitutive model,
Cohesive strength cs', angle of frictionWith plastic stress strain curve Cζ-ε', and then be calculated based on landwaste macroscopic view rock-mechanics property
Brittleness evaluation parameter B2And B3；
S5, using finite element analysis technology by constitutive models and its macroscopic elastic modulus E ', cohesive strength cs', friction
AnglePlastic stress strain curve Cζ-ε' and its live drilling information be applied to drill string-Bit-rock finite element numerical model,
Related drilling parameter is obtained, and seeks the average value of each drilling parameterWith mean square deviation S (Iδ)；
S6, drilling parameter, average value according to acquired by live drilling information and its step S5With mean square deviation S
(Iδ) the shale brittleness evaluation model based on drilling parameter is set up, brittleness evaluation parameter B is calculated4；
S7, according to brittleness evaluation parameter B1、B2、B3And B4It is crisp to establish the synthesis based on drilling parameter and landwaste microscopic feature
Property evaluation model, is calculated comprehensive brittleness evaluation parameter B.
Further, in step S1, the brittleness evaluation parameter B based on landwaste surface roughness1Calculation formula such as
Under:
Further, in step S3, the internal friction angleCalculation formula it is as follows:
Further, in step S4, the brittleness evaluation parameter B based on landwaste macroscopic view rock-mechanics property2Calculating
Formula is as follows:
Further, in step S4, the brittleness evaluation parameter B based on landwaste macroscopic view rock-mechanics property3Calculating
Formula is as follows:
Further, in step S5, the live drilling information includes bit pressure WOB and rotary speed VR3。
Further, the drilling parameter includes the footage per bit U of drill body3, rate of penetration ROP, cross force
RF1&2With the reaction torque RM at kelly bar3。
Further, in step S6, the brittleness evaluation parameter B4Calculation formula it is as follows:
Further, in step S7, the calculation formula of the comprehensive brittleness evaluation parameter B is as follows:
B=Π (B1,B2,B3,B4)
Further, further include the obtaining step of landwaste: taking the shale landwaste of reservoir certain depth, accurately fish for landwaste,
And lagged time is surveyed by defined time interval, guarantee the continuity and representativeness of landwaste；Rejecting tone is fuzzy, corner angle are unknown
Aobvious, individual biggish (non-layer position) false landwaste, or directly adopt the underground core clast of coring；It obtains after original landwaste to rock
Bits carry out cleaning, drying, the drilling fluid of removal surface attachment；It is required according to subsequent experimental, has screened requirement of experiment size model in advance
Enclose interior clast rock sample.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: in the present invention shale reservoir brittleness evaluation method is simple and effective, testing cost
It is low, overcome the limitation of current shale brittleness evaluation means.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention；
Specific embodiment
For a clearer understanding of the technical characteristics, objects and effects of the present invention, this hair of Detailed description of the invention is now compareed
Bright specific embodiment.
As shown in connection with fig. 1, it by taking the R well related data of certain region as an example, further illustrates.
Step is 1.: taking the shale landwaste of reservoir certain depth, accurately fishes for landwaste, and late by the actual measurement of defined time interval
Time guarantees the continuity and representativeness of landwaste.Vacation rock of rejecting that tone is fuzzy, corner angle are unobvious, individual is biggish (non-layer position)
Bits, or directly adopt the underground core clast of coring.Cleaning, drying is carried out to landwaste after obtaining original landwaste, removal surface is attached
Drilling fluid.It is required according to subsequent experimental, has screened the clast rock sample in requirement of experiment size range in advance.
Step is 2.: carrying out roughness test to landwaste, measures the A of landwaste sampleactualAnd Aprojected, coarse by landwaste
The definition of degree provides shale landwaste sample Fragility parameters B1Expression formula, by experimental result as shown in table 1 is calculated；
In formula, B1Brittleness evaluation parameter based on landwaste surface roughness, AactualTested landwaste real surface area, μ
m2, AprojectedTested landwaste projected surface area, μm2；
Brittleness index B under the conditions of 1 part well depth of table1Brittleness evaluation parameter computational chart
| Well depth condition (m) | Real area/μm2 | Apparent area/μm2 | B1 |
| 2239-2340 | 507.13 | 500 | 1.0143 |
| 2341-2342 | 509.64 | 500 | 1.0193 |
Step is 3.: carrying out backscattered electron imaging (BSE) and energy spectrum analysis (EDX) technology to the survey of rock sample surface to landwaste
Examination, obtains BSE backscattered electron image and EDX energy spectrum analysis figure, is carried on the back by software according to EDX power spectrum and BSE and dissipates electronic imaging
High resolution scanning map analysis obtains the relative amount f on landwaste surface layer to be testedcmi, obtain each mine in surface layer to be tested such as the following table 2
Object component relative amount:
Landwaste mineral constituent relative amount is represented under the conditions of 2 2239-2340 well depth of table
Changed using the imaging of scanning electron microscope backscattered electron in conjunction with EDX energy spectrum analysis come the micro-area composition of study sample, from
And the component and structure feature of sample can be quickly understood, it is provided to analyze mineral species and its relative amount of chip sample
Effective accurate analysis means.
Step is 4.: carrying out nano impress with sample is fixed on nano-hardness tester after the cold edge processing landwaste sample of epoxy resin
Experiment obtains the landwaste sample load-displacement curves under certain depth conditions, by 14577 (Metallic of international standard ISO
materials-Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials
Parameters-Part 1:Test method) calculate material equivalent modulus Er, elastic modulus E and penetration hardness H etc. other
Microcosmic rock mechanics parameters.Specifically, calculating contact stiffness S by formula (2), calculating contact residual depth h by formula (3)c, by
Formula (4) calculates pressure head-landwaste contact area Ac, calculates equivalent modulus Er by formula (5), and it is microcosmic to calculate landwaste by formula (6)
Elasticity modulus under scale calculates penetration hardness H by formula (7), then according to (Cariou, S., F.Ulm such as Carious S
and L.Dormieux,Hardness–packing density scaling relations for cohesive-
frictional porous materials.Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids,
2008.56 (3): uniform dielectric analysis method-formula (8) for p.924-952.) being obtained by hardness-packing density of particle relationship and
(9) inverting obtains the cohesive strength c of shale reservoirsWith internal friction angle factor alpha, and then by Ganneau.F.P. etc. (Ganneau,
F.P.,G.Constantinides and F.J.U.M.Ulm,Dual-indentation technique for the
assessment of strength properties of cohesive-frictional
materials.International Journal of Solids and Structures,2006(NO.6):p.1727-
1745.) the dimensionless formula proposed-formula (10) calculates the internal friction angle of landwaste sampleAnd then page is obtained by formula (11)-(12)
Rock reservoir Fragility parameters B2、B3: specific data processing is as follows:
In formula, a, the fitting parameter of m- load-displacement (P-h) curve, dimensionless, hmMaximum pressure is deep, μm, hfUnloading is bent
The intercept of line on transverse axis, μm, S- contact stiffness, dimensionless；hcRemaining compression distance is unloaded, μm, ε-is related with indenter shape
Form parameter, FmMaximum load, N, dimensionless, θ-pressure head semi-cone angle, (°), AcImpression projected area, μm2, β-pressure head school
Positive coefficient, dimensionless, ErEquivalent modulus, MPa；ν-rock sample Poisson's ratio, dimensionless, νiDiamond penetrator Poisson's ratio, dimensionless,
EiDiamond penetrator elasticity modulus, MPa, ErEquivalent modulus, MPa, the elasticity modulus under E- landwaste micro-scale, MPa, H- pressure
Enter hardness, MPa, F- apply load, N, CijklStiffness Tensor component, dimensionless, α-rock sample coefficient of internal friction, dimensionless, cs-
Cohesive strength under landwaste micro-scale, MPa, dimensionless, η-packing density of particle, dimensionless；η0Packing density of particle threshold values,
Dimensionless, h- compression distance, μm, ΠλLoading of pressing in dimension function, ΠδContact area dimension function, Π-dimension function,Cohesive strength dimension function, dimensionless,Internal friction angle under landwaste micro-scale, (°), ν-landwaste sample pool
Loose ratio, dimensionless；
Nano-indentation experiment only needs lesser landwaste sample that can measure the mechanical properties of rock parameter of corresponding rock sample, with
Conventional macroscopic scale Rock Mechanics Test is compared, with processing method is simple and fast, accuracy is high, representative strong and cost is relatively low
Equal economic technologies advantage.
Step is 5.: assuming that shale materials obey Ludwick hardening model-formula (13), (Yang Sihui one kind is based on nano impress
The 11st China CAE Analysis Technology annual meeting .2015. Guangxi China osmanthus material Elastoplastic Performances in Simulation Backstipping design .in of technology
Woods), orthogonality hypothesis several groups hardenability value n and yield strength ζyAnd together with calculating resulting landwaste elastic modulus E generation in (6)
Enter nano impress finite element numerical model retrospectively calculate and obtains the load-deformation curve C of shale plastic stageζ-ε；Such as formula (12),
Take elastic modulus E, the plastic curve C of the shale landwaste sample obtained in 4.ζ-ε, cohesive strength cs, internal friction angleIt establishes suitable
With microcosmic structure f of rock mechanics of shale landwaste sample1 *, and then such as formula (13), it is based on Mori-Tanaka model that shale is microcosmic
This structure mean value turns to macroscopical this structure f2 *And obtain the corresponding landwaste sample rock mechanics parameters of this macroscopical structure (elastic modulus E ', adhesive aggregation
Power cs', internal friction angleThe stress-strain diagram C of plastic stageζ-ε'), and then obtain based on the crisp of landwaste rock mechanics parameters
Property evaluation parameter B2、B3；
In formula, ζ-plastic stress, MPa, ε-plastic strain, dimensionless, the elasticity modulus of landwaste under E- micro-scale, MPa,
N- hardenability value, dimensionless, K- hardening strength, dimensionless, ζyYield strength, εpPlastic strain, Cσ-εLandwaste under micro-scale
The stress-strain diagram of plastic stage, csThe cohesive strength of landwaste under '-micro-scale, MPa,Landwaste under the conditions of micro-scale
Internal friction angle, (°), the elasticity modulus of landwaste, MPa, ν-landwaste Poisson's ratio, dimensionless, C under E'- macro-scaleσ-ε'-macroscopical ruler
Spend the stress-strain diagram of lower landwaste plastic stage, csThe cohesive strength of landwaste under '-macro-scale, MPa,Macro-scale condition
The internal friction angle of lower landwaste, (°), B2、B3It is immeasurable based on the shale brittleness evaluation parameter that the microcosmic rock-mechanics property of landwaste obtains
Guiding principle；
Step is 6.: by the shale constitutive models and landwaste macroscopic view rock power in 5. in finite element numerical simulation software
Parameter (E ',cs' and plastic stage stress-strain diagram Cζ-ε') it is applied to drill string-Bit-rock finite element numerical model
With live drilling information (bit pressure WOB and the rotary speed VR in input scene3) the footage per bit U of drill body is calculated3, laterally
Power RF1&2With the reaction torque RM at kelly bar3Etc. drilling parameters, and seek the average value of each drilling parameterIt is square
Poor S (Iδ), and then brittleness evaluation index B is calculated by calculating resulting drilling parameter4, specific formula for calculation is as follows:
In formula, the mechanical separator speed of ROP- drill bit, m/r, U3Footage per bit, m, UR3The angle that drill body rotates through,
Rad, IδDrill body mechanical separator speed ROP (δ=1), m/s；Cross force RF1&2(δ=2), N；Reaction on drill string at node
Torque RM3(δ=3), Nm,Each data group (Iδ(δ=1,2,3)) all data points average value, XiIndividual data point, n-
Data point number, S (IδThe standard deviation of all data points, VR in)-individual data group3Rotary speed, rad/s；
Step is 7.: such as formula (20), it is established that the shale brittleness correlation model based on acquired drilling parameter in 6., and obtain
Brittleness index B4；
Step is 8.: with 2. -7. in the brittleness evaluation parameter that is acquired based on landwaste rock-mechanics property and drilling parameter
B1、B2、B3And B4The reservoir brittleness comprehensive evaluation model based on drilling parameter and landwaste microscopic feature such as (21) formula is established, is
Pressure break well and story selecting and perforation optimization provide theoretical foundation；
B=Π (B1,B2,B3,B4) (20)
In formula, B- shale brittleness assessment parameter, dimensionless, Bi(i=1,2,3)-it is based on shale landwaste microscopic feature
Reservoir brittleness evaluation parameter, dimensionless；B4Reservoir brittleness evaluation parameter based on drilling parameter, dimensionless.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly；
S1, roughness test is carried out to the landwaste of target reservoir, is obtained according to the definition of landwaste roughness thick based on landwaste surface
The brittleness evaluation parameter B of rugosity1；
S2, (BSE) and energy spectrum analysis (EDX) technology is imaged using backscattered electron, analysis obtains the quality of rock forming mineral component
Percentage；
S3, nano-indentation experiment is carried out to landwaste, obtains the microcosmic elastic modulus E of landwaste, penetration hardness H, and pass through hardness-particle
The resulting uniform dielectric analysis method inverting of bulk density relationship obtains the cohesive strength c under shale reservoir micro-scalesIt rubs with interior
Ascent α is wiped, and calculates the internal friction angle of landwaste
S4, the finite element model for establishing nano-indentation experiment reversely seek the load-deformation curve C of landwaste plastic stageσ-ε, knot
Close elastic modulus E, cohesive strength csAnd internal friction angleThe microcosmic constitutive model of rock mechanics for being applicable in landwaste is established, is based further on
Mori-Tanaka model obtains constitutive models and corresponding macroscopic elastic modulus E ', cohesive strength according to microcosmic constitutive model
cs', angle of frictionWith plastic stress strain curve Cσ-ε', and then the brittleness based on landwaste macroscopic view rock-mechanics property is calculated
Evaluation parameter B2And B3；
S5, using finite element analysis technology by constitutive models and its macroscopic elastic modulus E ', cohesive strength cs', angle of friction
Plastic stress strain curve Cσ-ε' and its live drilling information be applied to drill string-Bit-rock finite element numerical model, obtain phase
Drilling parameter is closed, and seeks the average value of each drilling parameterAnd mean square deviation
S6, drilling parameter, average value according to acquired by live drilling information and its step S5With mean square deviation S (Iδ) establish
The shale brittleness evaluation model based on drilling parameter is played, brittleness evaluation parameter B is calculated4；
S7, according to brittleness evaluation parameter B1、B2、B3And B4Establish the synthesis brittleness evaluation based on drilling parameter and landwaste microscopic feature
Comprehensive brittleness evaluation parameter B is calculated in model.
2. a kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in step S1, the brittleness evaluation parameter B based on landwaste surface roughness1Calculation formula it is as follows:
3. a kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in step S3, the internal friction angleCalculation formula it is as follows:
4. a kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in step S4, the brittleness evaluation parameter B based on landwaste macroscopic view rock-mechanics property2Calculation formula it is as follows:
5. a kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in step S4, the brittleness evaluation parameter B based on landwaste macroscopic view rock-mechanics property3Calculation formula it is as follows:
6. a kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in step S5, the live drilling information includes bit pressure WOB and rotary speed VR3。
7. a kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the drilling parameter includes the footage per bit U of drill body3, rate of penetration ROP, cross force RF1&2And drill with ferrule
Reaction torque RM at bar3。
8. a kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in step S6, the brittleness evaluation parameter B4Calculation formula it is as follows:
9. a kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in step S7, the calculation formula of the comprehensive brittleness evaluation parameter B is as follows:
B=Π (B1,B2,B3,B4)
10. a kind of reservoir brittleness evaluation method based on landwaste microscopic feature and drilling parameter according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, further includes the obtaining step of landwaste: taking the shale landwaste of reservoir certain depth, accurately fish for landwaste, and by regulation
Time interval survey lagged time, guarantee the continuity and representativeness of landwaste；Reject tone is fuzzy, corner angle are unobvious, it is individual compared with
The false landwaste in big (non-layer position), or directly adopt the underground core clast of coring；Landwaste is carried out clearly after obtaining original landwaste
Wash drying, the drilling fluid of removal surface attachment；It is required, has been screened in advance broken in requirement of experiment size range according to subsequent experimental
Consider rock sample to be worth doing.
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