CN105130002B - Combined ecological floating bed made of natural materials - Google Patents
Combined ecological floating bed made of natural materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105130002B CN105130002B CN201510596403.1A CN201510596403A CN105130002B CN 105130002 B CN105130002 B CN 105130002B CN 201510596403 A CN201510596403 A CN 201510596403A CN 105130002 B CN105130002 B CN 105130002B
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- Prior art keywords
- floating bed
- rope
- contact oxidation
- biological contact
- filler
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 36
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000005273 Canna coccinea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000302544 Luffa aegyptiaca Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009814 Luffa aegyptiaca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000000260 Typha latifolia Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000226665 Anaphalis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000907 Musa textilis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001647091 Saxifraga granulata Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000205578 Thalictrum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 2
- 240000008555 Canna flaccida Species 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 8
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000292211 Canna coccinea Species 0.000 description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000383558 Thalia <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005324 Typha latifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Hydroponics (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a combined ecological floating bed made of natural materials, and relates to a combined ecological floating bed. The method mainly solves the problems that the floating body of the known ecological floating bed is made of plastic, the biological contact oxidation filler is soft and three-dimensional elastic plastic, the plastic is aged and decomposed to generate secondary pollution, the manufacturing process is complex, and the cost is high. The invention comprises a floating bed frame, emergent aquatic plants and biological contact oxidation fillers, and is characterized in that: the structure of the floating bed frame is a triangular structure, a rope bed formed by annular rope sleeves parallel to the third edge is uniformly fixed on two sides of the triangular floating bed frame, emergent aquatic plants are vertically fixed on the annular rope sleeves, and biological contact oxidation fillers are hung below the rope bed; the floating bed frame adopts natural plant stalks; the biological contact oxidation filler adopts a bundle-shaped or spherical or cylindrical natural plant fiber filler block. The invention has the advantages of no secondary pollution risk, simple and firm structure, low cost and good water quality purification effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological engineering, relates to an ecological floating bed, and particularly relates to a natural-material combined ecological floating bed which is suitable for purifying and improving the water quality of polluted surface water sources, landscape water bodies, lakes, reservoirs, slow-flow riverways and other surface water bodies.
Background
Water pollution is a major environmental problem that is commonly encountered worldwide. Because various sewage such as domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, agricultural and animal husbandry drainage, ground runoff and the like are received in a large amount for a long time, the surface water body adjacent to cities and towns is generally polluted, so that the water body is black and smelly, the eutrophication is caused, aquatic animals and plants die, the biological diversity is reduced, the aquatic ecosystem is degraded, and the like. Emerging plants are proved to have strong water quality purification capacity by a large number of researches, can directly absorb and degrade nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salts and various organic pollutants, and can form a plant-microorganism symbiotic system by utilizing developed root systems to enhance the purification effect of the pollutants. In addition, as the stem leaves grow above the water surface, the photosynthesis is not influenced by polluted water, so that emergent aquatic plants have stronger pollution resistance. The ecological floating bed is an in-situ ecological restoration technology developed by utilizing the water quality purification function of emergent aquatic plants. The artificial floating body is used as a fixing carrier of the emergent aquatic plants, breaks through the limitation of water depth on the growth of the emergent aquatic plants, has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, easy maintenance and the like, can purify water quality and can build landscapes. The traditional ecological floating bed is constructed by emergent aquatic plants and artificial floating bodies, and only depends on plant absorption and a root system-microorganism symbiotic system to purify water quality. However, the water quality improvement effect of the ecological floating bed is limited in the case of severe pollution due to the limitation of biomass and purification capacity of floating bed plants and attached microorganisms. In order to improve the water purification effect of the ecological floating bed, a combined ecological floating bed combined with a biological contact oxidation technology appears, and the ecological floating bed achieves good water purification effect by arranging a biological contact oxidation packing layer below a common ecological floating bed and strengthening and degrading pollutants by utilizing a biological film formed by microorganisms on the packing. In the existing ecological floating bed, the floating body structure is generally made of plastic materials. For example, the basket body of the floating bed in patent 201010202258.1 is made of hollow plastic pipes, polyethylene foam plastic plates and the like, and the frame of the floating bed in patent 201110004748.5 is made of PVC pipes and fittings. In addition, the biological contact oxidation filling materials adopted in the combined ecological floating bed are mostly soft filling materials and three-dimensional elastic filling materials which are made of plastics as raw materials. For example, patent 201410188466.9 uses a polypropylene stereo-elastic filler, and patent 201320733733.7 selects a polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber as the filler. The plastic materials have the risk of secondary pollution caused by aging and decomposition of the plastic; the known ecological floating bed has the disadvantages of complex manufacturing process, high requirement on production equipment and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the ecological floating bed, and provides the combined ecological floating bed which is free of secondary pollution risk, simple and firm in structure, convenient to install and manage, low in cost, good in water quality purification effect, made of natural materials and used for in-situ purification treatment of surface water bodies (river channels and lakes) and takes the natural materials as raw materials.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: including floating bed frame, emergent aquatic plant and biological contact oxidation filler, characterized by: the structure of the floating bed frame is a triangular structure, a rope bed formed by annular rope sleeves parallel to the third edge is uniformly fixed on two sides of the triangular floating bed frame, emergent aquatic plants are vertically fixed on the annular rope sleeves, and biological contact oxidation fillers are hung below the rope bed; the floating bed frame adopts natural plant stalks, and the biological contact oxidation filler adopts bunched or spherical or cylindrical natural plant fiber filler blocks.
The floating bed frame in the technical scheme of the invention is a triangular structure formed by connecting and fixing three bamboo poles or wood poles end to end.
The emergent aquatic plants in the technical scheme of the invention are reed or anaphalis yedoensis, cattail, thalictrum hypoglaucum, canna indica and saxifrage.
The biological contact oxidation filler in the technical scheme of the invention is any one of vegetable sponge or bamboo filament, palm filament, coconut shell fiber, hemp, jute, flax, abaca and sisal natural plant fiber or the combination of a plurality of materials.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the filler blocks of the biological contact oxidation filler are uniformly arranged and bound on the fixed rope in series to form a strip-shaped filler unit, and the filler unit blocks are uniformly distributed and hung below the rope bed 2.
The combined ecological floating bed has the advantages of no secondary pollution risk, simple and firm structure, convenient installation and management, low cost, good water quality purification effect, good landscape effect and the like, and is very suitable for in-situ purification treatment and landscape molding of surface water bodies such as riverways and lakes. Compared with the prior art, the invention also has the following advantages:
(1) the ecological floating bed is combined with the biological contact oxidation filler, so that the biofilm carrying area of the ecological floating bed is greatly increased, and the removal capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salts and organic pollutants in the water body is further improved;
(2) the floating bed frame and the biological contact oxidation filler are made of natural plant materials, so that the risk of secondary pollution caused by release of toxic substances into a water body is avoided, and the floating bed is green and environment-friendly. The overall shape of the floating bed has no artificial modification trace, and is more natural and beautiful;
(3) the biological contact oxidation filler made of natural plant fibers has good biocompatibility and high film forming speed, can form a biological community with rich ecological diversity including bacteria, algae, protozoa, metazoan and the like, and has good water quality purification capacity; the main components of the natural plant fiber are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the biological degradation is slow under natural conditions, organic carbon can be stably and durably provided for the growth of microorganisms, and the natural plant fiber is a good attachment carrier of a biological membrane and is beneficial to improving the denitrification and denitrification performance of the microorganisms;
(4) the floating bed frame is also made of natural plant materials, and can be used as a good carrier for microorganisms, so that compared with the traditional floating bed, the mounting area of a biological membrane is increased;
(5) the floating bed body is composed of a frame made of natural materials such as bamboo poles or wood poles and a rope bed, raw materials are easy to obtain, the price is low, the processing is simple, the bed body is of a triangular structure, and then the rope bed is used for reinforcing, so that the structure is stable and firm, the manufacturing process is simple, and the management and maintenance are convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the combined ecological floating bed of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating bed in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
As shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, the biological contact oxidation filling material comprises a floating bed frame 1, a rope bed 2, emergent aquatic plants 3 and biological contact oxidation filling materials 4, wherein the floating bed frame 1 is of a triangular structure, plant stalks are used as raw materials, such as bamboo poles or wood poles, the diameter of each stalk is 5 ~ 20cm, the length of each stalk is 1 ~ 5m, the three bamboo poles or wood poles are connected end to form the triangular structure, joints are fixed by ropes or metal wires, fixing nails 7 are uniformly fixed on two sides of the floating bed frame 1, the distance between the two fixing nails 7 is 10 ~ 30cm, a cable rope with the diameter of about 1cm is wound on the fixing nails 7 on the two sides of the floating bed frame 1 left and right to form mutually parallel annular rope sleeves 8, all the annular rope sleeves 8 are parallel to the third side of the triangular floating bed frame 1, as shown in figure 2, a plurality of the annular rope sleeves 8 are equally flat at the distance of 10 ~ 30cmThe emergent aquatic plants 3 are vertically fixed on an annular rope sleeve 8, namely above the rope bed 2, the emergent aquatic plants 3 adopt bulrush, anaphalis florida, cattail, Thalia scholaris, canna, mularia and other emergent aquatic plants with developed root systems, root and stem combination parts of the plants are vertically fixed on the annular rope sleeve 8 by a thin rope at a distance of 10 ~ 30cm, the biological contact oxidation filler 4 is hung below the rope bed 2, the biological contact oxidation filler 4 is made into bundle-shaped, spherical and cylindrical filler blocks by natural plant fibers, the filler blocks are connected in series and bound on a fixed rope at a distance of 1 ~ 10cm to prepare a strip-shaped filler unit with the length of 50 ~ 300cm, and the filler unit is 9 ~ 100 strips/m2The density of the rope is hung on the rope bed 2; the material of the biological contact oxidation filler 4 can be any one or a combination of several of natural plant fibers such as loofah sponge, bamboo filament, palm filament, coconut fiber, hemp, jute, flax, abaca, sisal and the like.
Examples
The floating bed frame 1 is formed by bamboo poles, three bamboo poles 5 with the diameter of about 10cm and the length of about 2m are connected end to form a triangular structure, and the joints are fixed by nylon ropes 6;
fixing nails 7 are uniformly fixed on two edges of the floating bed frame 1, the distance between the two fixing nails 7 is 20cm, a mooring rope with the diameter of 1cm is wound on the fixing nails 7 on the two edges of the floating bed frame 1 to form two parallel annular rope loops 8, and as shown in figure 2, a plurality of annular rope loops 8 are equidistantly and parallelly arranged on the floating bed frame 1 at intervals of 20cm to form a rope bed 2; the emergent aquatic plant 3 is fixed on the annular rope sling 8, the emergent aquatic plant 3 selects canna, and the root and stem combination part of the canna is vertically fixed on the annular rope sling 8 at the interval of 20cm by a thin rope; the biological contact oxidation filler 4 is hung on the rope bed 2, the biological contact oxidation filler 4 adopts loofah sponge as raw material, the loofah sponge is transversely and serially connected and bound on a fixed rope at the interval of 5cm to prepare a strip-shaped filler unit with the length of 200 cm, and the filler unit is 25 pieces/m2Is hung below the rope bed 2 as shown in figures 1 and 3.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a combined ecological bed that floats of natural material, includes floats bed frame (1), emergent aquatic plant (3) and biological contact oxidation filler (4), characterized by: the structure of the floating bed frame (1) is a triangular structure, a rope bed (2) consisting of annular rope sleeves (8) parallel to the third edge is uniformly fixed on two sides of the triangular floating bed frame (1), emergent aquatic plants (3) are vertically fixed on the annular rope sleeves (8), and biological contact oxidation fillers (4) are hung below the rope bed (2); the floating bed frame (1) adopts natural plant stalks, the biological contact oxidation filler (4) adopts bundle-shaped or spherical or cylindrical natural plant fiber filler blocks, and the filler blocks are uniformly arranged, connected in series and bound on a fixed rope to form a strip-shaped filler unit.
2. The combined ecological floating bed made of natural materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the floating bed frame (1) is a triangular structure formed by connecting and fixing three bamboo poles or wood poles end to end.
3. The combined ecological floating bed made of natural materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the emergent aquatic plant (3) is reed or anaphalis yedoensis, cattail, thalictrum hypoglaucum, canna and saxifrage.
4. The combined ecological floating bed made of natural materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the biological contact oxidation filler (4) is any one of vegetable sponge or bamboo filament, palm filament, coconut fiber, hemp, jute, flax, abaca and sisal natural plant fiber or the combination of a plurality of materials.
5. The combined ecological floating bed of claim 1 or 4, wherein the packing blocks are bound on the fixing ropes in series at an interval of 1 ~ 10cm to form strip-shaped packing units of 50 ~ 300cm in length, and the packing units are 9 ~ 100 strips/m/100 strips/m2Is hung on the rope bed (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510596403.1A CN105130002B (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2015-09-18 | Combined ecological floating bed made of natural materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510596403.1A CN105130002B (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2015-09-18 | Combined ecological floating bed made of natural materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105130002A CN105130002A (en) | 2015-12-09 |
| CN105130002B true CN105130002B (en) | 2019-12-27 |
Family
ID=54715661
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510596403.1A Expired - Fee Related CN105130002B (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2015-09-18 | Combined ecological floating bed made of natural materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105130002B (en) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201012910Y (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2008-01-30 | 国家环境保护总局华南环境科学研究所 | Adjustable water purification ecological floating bed |
| JP4168074B2 (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2008-10-22 | 株式会社フジタ | Artificial floating island and water purification method using the same |
| CN101851024A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2010-10-06 | 同济大学 | Combined type ecological floating bed water purifying device |
| CN102627354B (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-06-19 | 华东师范大学 | Three-dimensional combined ecological floating bed for removing suspended particles |
| CN104496029A (en) * | 2014-11-30 | 2015-04-08 | 陈伟群 | Method for preparing three-dimensional floating bed for purifying eutrophication water source |
| CN104402119A (en) * | 2014-11-30 | 2015-03-11 | 陈伟群 | Combined three-dimensional floating bed |
| CN104370373A (en) * | 2014-11-30 | 2015-02-25 | 陈伟群 | Stereoscopic floating bed for purifying eutrophicated water source |
| CN104370372A (en) * | 2014-11-30 | 2015-02-25 | 陈伟群 | Combined ecological floating bed for purification of eutrophicated water source in cold and warm seasons |
-
2015
- 2015-09-18 CN CN201510596403.1A patent/CN105130002B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN105130002A (en) | 2015-12-09 |
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Granted publication date: 20191227 |