CN105399212A - Multifunctional ecological floating island - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional ecological floating island, which is formed by interlocking and fixing several floating island units through connecting plates; the floating island unit includes a regular hexagonal floating body frame and several planting baskets arranged in the floating body frame The planting basket is a regular hexagonal basket with a grid mesh at the bottom, and a modified carbon fiber grass is suspended below each corner of the basket; It is obtained through the fixation of microorganisms; the bottom of the planting basket is covered with a filling matrix, and aquatic plants are planted on the matrix; the plurality of planting baskets are built in a regular hexagonal floating body frame to form an integrated structure. The ecological floating bed of the present invention has a stable regular hexagonal structure, integrates floating island technology, microbial dosing technology and biofilm technology, can absorb, absorb and decompose various pollutants, and can also beautify urban rivers or landscape water, And it can still play its powerful function normally in winter.

Description

A multifunctional ecological floating island

technical field

The invention relates to an ecological floating island, in particular to a multifunctional ecological floating island for treating polluted water bodies.

Background technique

Eutrophication of water body has become a common phenomenon in water environment pollution in recent years. Due to the poor fluidity and low self-purification ability of lakes, urban rivers, and landscape water, eutrophication is relatively serious. As a traditional in-situ restoration measure for water environment, artificial ecological floating island has the advantages of convenient use, flexible application, and easy disassembly, so it has also been widely used. It has been highly praised for its ability to effectively reduce pollutants in water bodies through plant absorption and ecological regulation, and at the same time create water landscapes. However, the current ecological floating islands cannot be applied on a large scale due to some common problems. First, the floating bodies of floating islands mostly use conventional materials such as bamboo poles, foam boards, plastic boards, tires, stainless steel plus expanded polystyrene, special expanded polystyrene plus special synthetic resins, salted vinyl synthetic resins, and lightweight concrete. The material not only has a short service life (less than 2-3 years), but also easily causes secondary pollution; second, the function is relatively single. Generally, ecological floating islands mainly rely on aquatic plants to purify water, but in northern freezing areas, plants and floating bodies are both Unable to survive the winter. Therefore, when constructing an artificial ecological floating island, it is necessary to make the floating island highly stable, pollution-free, and long-lived, and to make the floating island multi-functional and able to adapt to adverse environments.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a multifunctional ecological floating island for treating polluted water bodies. The floating island is made of high-strength non-polluting carbon fiber composite material and has a stable regular hexagonal floating island structure. It has multiple functions and strong adaptability. It can absorb, absorb and decompose various pollutants, and can also beautify urban rivers or landscape water. And it can still play its powerful function normally in winter.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A multifunctional ecological floating island is characterized in that it is formed by interlocking and fixing several floating island units through connecting plates; the floating island unit includes a regular hexagonal floating body frame and several planting baskets arranged in the floating body frame The planting basket is a regular hexagonal basket with a grid mesh at the bottom, and a modified carbon fiber grass is suspended below each corner of the basket; It is obtained through the immobilization of microorganisms; the bottom of the planting basket is covered with a filling matrix, and aquatic plants are planted on the matrix; the plurality of planting baskets are built in a regular hexagonal floating body frame to form an integrated structure.

The midpoint of each side of the regular hexagonal floating body frame and the corners of the hexagon are also provided with connecting holes, and several floating island units are inserted into the connecting holes through the connecting posts of the connecting plates to fix and fasten them.

The connecting plate is a strip-shaped two-leg connecting plate or a triangular three-leg connecting plate.

The substrate in the planting basket is obtained by mixing rice straw or wheat straw with immobilized microbial inoculum, and the mixing mass ratio is determined according to water pollution conditions and seasons.

The immobilized microbial agent is obtained by mixing nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, phosphorus accumulating bacteria and phosphorus solubilizing fungi in a mass ratio of 3:2:2:1.

The thickness of the substrate in the planting basket is 30-60mm.

The plants planted in the planting basket are one or more of calamus, sagittaria, canna, cress, cattail, barracuda, foxtail, celery, and iris chrysanthemum, and the planting density is 80-100 plants /m ² .

The frame material of the regular hexagonal floating body is carbon fiber and thermosetting resin composite material, the frame length is 1000-3000mm, the width is 100-300mm, and the height is 200-300mm.

The side length of the planting basket is 100-400mm.

The invention adopts carbon fiber and thermosetting resin composite material as the floating body frame material, and has the properties of light weight, high strength, anti-aging, anti-ultraviolet and long service life. At the same time, the floating body frame and the planting basket have a regular hexagonal shape when viewed from above, and this honeycomb-like structure has high stability. The floating body frame and the planting basket are integrally connected, and there are many bunches of modified carbon fiber grass hanging under the planting basket. The modified carbon fiber grass in water, due to its large specific surface area, reasonable pore size distribution, high adsorption and high biocompatibility, the surrounding good carbon bacteria and other microorganisms will be affected by it, and quickly adsorb on the carbon fiber. It can reproduce rapidly, provide a good environment for the growth of microorganisms and algae, promote the formation of biofilm and the improvement of the food chain, and increase the quantity and diversity of water body organisms. The pollutants in the water body are degraded through the metabolism of biofilm and aquatic plants, so that the water quality is improved and the transparency is increased. The floating island can not only purify domestic sewage, aquaculture wastewater, eutrophic water and slightly polluted water in rivers and lakes, but is also suitable for the treatment of various organic wastewater. The purification efficiency is efficient and fast, and it has the purification function all year round. It has the advantages of high stability, light weight, high mechanical strength, long life, convenient installation and maintenance, less unit consumption and low price, and can achieve the purpose of saving engineering investment and operating costs. Its economic benefits are significant and its application prospects are good.

The hexagonal floating island unit of the present invention can be used alone or combined with each other. One or two other floating islands can be spliced on any side of the hexagon, and can be spliced into various shapes; and the six sides and two kinds of splicing plates can be selected at will when splicing, which greatly facilitates on-site operations. Facilitate large-scale production.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the ecological floating bed of the present invention has a stable regular hexagonal structure, integrates the floating island technology, microorganism dosing technology and biofilm technology together, and the aquatic plants in the planting basket are under the condition of immobilized microbial bacterial agent. Under the promotion, it can not only absorb and transform a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, but also inhibit the outbreak of algae by releasing allelochemicals. The modified carbon fiber grass in the lower part of the planting basket can absorb a large amount of particulate matter and microorganisms, form a biofilm, and decompose toxic and harmful pollutants. In addition to the functions of adsorbing pollutants and efficiently removing nitrogen and phosphorus, the floating island can also beautify urban rivers or landscape water, and can still function normally in winter, and can purify water continuously for 5 to 10 years.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological floating island of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the planting basket of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting plate of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is a connecting hole, 2 is a floating island frame, 3 is a planting basket, 4 is a grid, 5 is a modified carbon fiber grass, and 6 is a connecting plate.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1

A multifunctional ecological floating island, which is formed by interlocking and fixing several floating island units through connecting plates 6; each floating island unit is composed of a regular hexagonal floating body frame 2 and several planting baskets 3 arranged in the floating body frame , all the planting baskets are fixedly connected together with the regular hexagonal floating body frame 2 to form an integral structure; the planting basket 3 is a regular hexagonal basket, the bottom is a grid net 4, and a modified carbon fiber grass 5 is suspended below each corner of the basket; The bottom of the planting basket is covered with a filling substrate, and the aquatic plants planted on the substrate are one or more of calamus, arrowroot, canna and cress, and the planting density is 80 plants/m ² . The modified carbon fiber grass is obtained by high-temperature carbonization, activation, surface modification and microbial immobilization of carbon fibers.

The regular hexagonal floating body frame 2 is made of carbon fiber and thermosetting resin composite material, and the midpoint of each side and the corners of the hexagon are also provided with connecting holes 1, and several floating island units are inserted and connected through the connecting columns of the connecting plate 6. Hole 1 is fixed and fastened.

The connecting plate 6 is a strip-shaped two-leg connecting plate or a triangular three-leg connecting plate.

The matrix in the planting basket 3 is obtained by mixing immobilized straw immobilized microbial agents according to a weight ratio of 3:1; the straw is a 30 mm long straw section, and the thickness of the matrix layer is 60 mm.

The immobilized microbial agent is obtained by mixing nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, phosphorus accumulating bacteria and phosphorus solubilizing fungi in a mass ratio of 3:2:2:1.

In the present embodiment, each side length of the regular hexagonal floating body frame is 1000mm, the side width is 100mm, and the height is 200mm; the side length of the planting basket is 150mm.

A small lake is selected as the experimental area. The experimental area is a Class V water body with a water surface area of about 600m ² and a water depth of 1.5-2.3m. Fix 6 of the above-mentioned floating island units into a group, and place 10 groups of floating island unit combinations in total. The aquatic plants planted on the substrate are one or more of calamus, arrowroot, canna, and cress, and the planting density is 80 plant/m ² , and the experimental period is 1 year. After 15 days of operation, a biofilm formed on the carbon fiber grass in the experimental area, with a large number of claste algae attached, and the transparency of the water body improved significantly. After 3 months, the water quality was significantly improved, and the odor of the water body was significantly reduced. After 1 year, the water quality was significantly improved. Both of them have decreased by more than 69%, submerged plants and aquatic animals have appeared in large numbers, biodiversity has increased, the food chain has been improved, and a stable ecosystem has begun to form. The specific experimental results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Changes in the average value of river water quality before and after the experiment

project TN mg/L NH ₄ ⁺ -N mg/L TP mg/L COD _Mn mg/L Transparency m initial value 3.02 2.56 0.50 48.52 0.15 After one year of experiment 0.83 0.55 0.15 11.13 0.6 Removal rate % 72.51 78.51 70.00 76.69

It can be seen from the experimental data that the multifunctional ecological floating island of this embodiment has a good purification effect on the water quality of heavily polluted water bodies. After one year of treatment, the transparency of the water body can be increased by 4 times, which is a very good purification effect. The multi-functional ecological floating island, and the overall structure of the floating island is stable and will not drift with the current.

Example 2

A multifunctional ecological floating island, which is formed by interlocking and fixing several floating island units through connecting plates 6; each floating island unit is composed of a regular hexagonal floating body frame 2 and several planting baskets 3 arranged in the floating body frame , all the planting baskets are fixedly connected together with the regular hexagonal floating body frame 2 to form an integral structure; the planting basket 3 is a regular hexagonal basket, the bottom is a grid net 4, and a modified carbon fiber grass 5 is suspended below each corner of the basket; The bottom of the planting basket is covered with a filling substrate, and the aquatic plants planted on the substrate are one or several kinds of cattails, barracudas, foxtails, quinces, and iris chrysanthemums, and the planting density is 100 plants/m ² . The modified carbon fiber grass is obtained by high-temperature carbonization, activation, surface modification and microbial immobilization of carbon fibers.

The regular hexagonal floating body frame 2 is made of carbon fiber and thermosetting resin composite material, and the midpoint of each side and the corners of the hexagon are also provided with connecting holes 1, and several floating island units are inserted and connected through the connecting columns of the connecting plate 6. Hole 1 is fixed and fastened.

The connecting plate 6 is a strip-shaped two-leg connecting plate or a triangular three-leg connecting plate.

The substrate in the planting basket 3 is obtained by mixing wheat straw immobilized microbial agents in a weight ratio of 5:1; the straw is a 30 mm long section of straw, and the thickness of the substrate layer is 30 mm.

The immobilized microbial agent is obtained by mixing nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, phosphorus accumulating bacteria and phosphorus solubilizing fungi in a mass ratio of 3:2:2:1.

In the present embodiment, each side length of the regular hexagonal floating frame is 2000mm, the side width is 200mm, and the height is 300mm; the side length of the planting basket is 300mm.

A certain agricultural wastewater is selected as the experimental area, the water surface area of the experimental area is about 1000m ² , and the water depth of the experimental area is 1.2-1.5m. Fix 6 of the above-mentioned floating island units into a group, and place 10 groups of floating island unit combinations in total. The aquatic plants planted on the substrate are cattails, pikegrass purple flowers, foxtail algae, quinces, and Iris chrysanthemums. One or several kinds, the planting density is 100 plants/m ² , and the experimental period is 1 year. After 10 days of operation, a biofilm was formed on the carbon fiber grass in the experimental area, and the transparency of the water body was significantly improved. After 3 months, the biofilm formed a cladophyte algae field, aquatic animals appeared, the particulate matter was significantly reduced, and the water quality was significantly improved. After 1 year, the water quality was significantly improved. All pollution indicators have been reduced by more than 71%, submerged plants and aquatic animals have appeared in large numbers, biodiversity has increased, and a stable ecosystem has begun to form. The specific experimental results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Changes in the average value of agricultural wastewater water quality before and after the experiment

project TN mg/L NH ₄ ⁺ -N mg/L TP mg/L COD _Mn mg/L Transparency m initial value 38.96 27.04 6.83 56.09 0.10 After one year of experiment 10.51 3.41 1.93 11.49 0.45 Removal rate % 73.02 87.39 71.71 79.53

It can be seen from the experimental data in the above table that the multifunctional ecological floating island of this embodiment has a good purification effect on the water quality of heavily polluted water bodies. After one year of treatment, the transparency of water bodies can be increased by 4.5 times, which is a kind of purification. The multifunctional ecological floating island is very effective, and the overall structure of the floating island is stable and will not drift with the current.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A multifunctional ecological floating island, characterized in that it is formed by interlocking and fixing several floating island units through connecting plates (6); the floating island unit includes a regular hexagonal floating body frame (2) and a set Several planting baskets (3) in the floating body frame; the planting baskets (3) are regular hexagonal baskets, the bottom is a grid net (4), and modified carbon fiber grass (5) is suspended below each corner of the basket; The modified carbon fiber grass (5) is obtained by high-temperature carbonization, activation, surface modification and microbial fixation of carbon fibers; the bottom of the planting basket (3) is covered with a filling matrix, and aquatic plants are planted on the matrix; the several The planting basket (3) is built in the regular hexagonal floating body frame (2) to form an integrated structure. 2. The ecological floating island according to claim 1, characterized in that, the midpoint of each side of the regular hexagonal floating body frame (2) and the corners of the hexagon are also provided with connecting holes (1), several The floating island unit is inserted into the connecting hole (1) through the connecting column of the connecting plate (6) and fastened. 3. The ecological floating island according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting plate (6) is a strip-shaped two-legged connecting plate or a triangular-shaped three-legged connecting plate. 4. The ecological floating island according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate in the planting basket (3) is obtained by mixing rice straw or wheat straw with immobilized microbial agents, and the mixing mass ratio depends on the water pollution status and season depends. 5. The ecological floating island according to claim 4, characterized in that, the immobilized microbial bacterial agent is nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, phosphorus accumulating bacteria, and phosphorus solubilizing fungi according to the mass ratio of 3:2:2:1 Mix the proceeds. 6. The ecological floating island according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the thickness of the substrate is 30-60 mm. 7. The ecological floating island according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the plants planted in the planting basket (3) are calamus, arrowroot, canna, cress, cattail, barracuda, and foxtail The planting density is 80-100 plants/m ² . 8. The ecological floating island according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the regular hexagonal floating body frame (2) is made of carbon fiber and thermosetting resin composite material, the length of the frame is 1000-3000mm, and the width is 100-300mm , the height is 200-300mm. 9. The ecological floating island according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, the side length of the planting basket (3) is 100-400mm.