CN105115219A - Cryogenic refrigerator for combined pulse heat pipes of Stirling cryocooler - Google Patents

Cryogenic refrigerator for combined pulse heat pipes of Stirling cryocooler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105115219A
CN105115219A CN201510521282.4A CN201510521282A CN105115219A CN 105115219 A CN105115219 A CN 105115219A CN 201510521282 A CN201510521282 A CN 201510521282A CN 105115219 A CN105115219 A CN 105115219A
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pipe
heat pipe
refrigerator
pulsating heat
piston stirling
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CN105115219B (en
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陈曦
曹广亮
张华�
武飞
李廷宇
马文统
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a cryogenic refrigerator for combined pulse heat pipes of a Stirling cryocooler. The cryogenic refrigerator comprises a refrigerator body, the free piston Stirling cryocooler, a pulse heat pipe system and a cooling system. Fins are installed at the hot end of the free piston Stirling cryocooler. A fan is located between the fins and a vent opening for forced convection heat exchange. The cold end of the free piston Stirling cryocooler exchanges heat with a cold conducting plate pipe in the pulse heat pipe system, so that working media in the pulse heat pipes communicated with the cold conducting plate pipe and composed of capillary copper pipes vibrate and flow, wherein the pulse heat pipes penetrate a freezing chamber for cooling. The advantages of the simple structure, low cost, prominent heat conducting performance and high environment adaptability of the pulse heat pipes are used, so that the problems that liquid suction cores are needed in core heat pipes, the structure is complex, and gravity heat pipes are directional due to the influence of gravity are solved; the advantages of environmental friendliness, energy conservation and low-temperature refrigeration adaptability of the free piston Stirling cryocooler are used, so that the problems that a traditional cascade steam compression refrigeration system cannot save energy and is not environmentally friendly are solved.

Description

Sterlin refrigerator is in conjunction with the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of refrigerator, particularly a kind of sterlin refrigerator is in conjunction with the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe.
Background technology
Along with fast development that is biological, medical industries, the biomaterial longer-term storage such as associated biomolecule and medical science sample, reagent are increasing for the demand of ultra low temperature freezer.This type of ultra low temperature freezer General Requirements storing temperature is below-70 DEG C, and refrigeration system is stablized, to realize the storage reliably and with long-term of biomaterial.But for a long time, China's cryogenic refrigerator industry is in the blank stage, and foreign brand name is always in occupation of market dominant position, and therefore this patent proposes a kind of method for designing of low temperature refrigerator.
New type low temperature refrigeration machine is under large temperature-difference refrigerating operating mode (during refrigeration temperature difference >60 DEG C), and refrigerating efficiency is relatively high.Especially be applied in less than-70 DEG C ultra low temperature freezer refrigeration systems, new type low temperature refrigeration mechanism cold efficiency can reach more than 2 times of traditional cascade type steam compression refrigerating system, has significant power savings advantages.Meanwhile, because new type low temperature refrigeration machine can not adopt oil lubrication, eliminate and adopt the common low-temperature oil of the ultra low temperature freezer of steam compression type refrigeration to block up fault, system is more reliable and more stable.And these new type low temperature refrigeration machines adopt the natural materials such as nitrogen, helium as refrigeration working medium usually, environmental protection more, along with popularizing of ultra low temperature freezer application, the application prospect of these new type low temperature refrigeration machines is more extensive.And in these new type low temperature refrigeration machines, free-piston Stirling cooler is simple with its structure, be not in the moving component under low temperature, reliable, vibrate little, the life-span advantage of length is widely applied.
Heat pipe is a kind of element with very high heat-transfer performance, and it can by its very little sectional area long-distance transmissions, without the need to additionaling power, its operation temperature area be from-273 DEG C to 1000 DEG C by amount of heat.Heat pipe has the many advantages not available for other heat transfer technologies: remarkable heat transfer efficiency and heat transfer rate, reliability, isolation, lower resistance, volume be little, can control.The heat pipe used in present refrigeration industry has been mainly core heat pipe and gravity assisted heat pipe, but, there are core heat pipe and gravity assisted heat pipe all to there are some defects.Have in core heat pipe and need liquid-sucking core, structure is more complicated.Gravity assisted heat pipe does not need liquid-sucking core, but it is affected by gravity, and has directionality.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed in core heat pipe and needed liquid-sucking core, structure is more complicated, gravity assisted heat pipe does not need liquid-sucking core, but it is affected by gravity, there is directionality and traditional cascade type steam compression refrigerating system efficiency is low, the problem of unreliable grade, propose the low temperature refrigerator of a kind of sterlin refrigerator in conjunction with pulsating heat pipe, make use of pulsating heat pipe structure simple, with low cost, the advantage that heat transfer property is given prominence to and environmental suitability is strong, solve in core heat pipe and needed liquid-sucking core, structure is more complicated, gravity assisted heat pipe is affected by gravity the directive problem of tool, the present invention simultaneously also uses the free-piston Stirling cooler feature of environmental protection, energy saving, be applicable to the advantage of cryogenic refrigeration, solve traditional cascade type steam compression refrigerating system not energy-conservation, the problem such as not environmentally, make low temperature refrigerator energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of sterlin refrigerator is in conjunction with the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe, comprise casing and refrigeration system, casing comprises refrigerating chamber, dividing plate between refrigerating chamber, the ventilating opening of lower box side, door, heat-insulation layer, refrigerator outer wall, heat-insulating material is filled with in outer wall, refrigeration system comprises free-piston Stirling cooler, pulsating heat pipe system, cooling system, cooling system comprises fan and fin, the hot junction of free-piston Stirling cooler is provided with fin, fan is between fin and ventilating opening, carry out forced-convection heat transfer, pulsating heat pipe system comprises pulsating heat pipe and conduction cooling plate pipe, cold junction and the conduction cooling plate pipe of free-piston Stirling cooler carry out heat exchange, the working medium in the pulsating heat pipe that forms with the capillary brass pipe of conduction cooling Ban Guan UNICOM is made to form Oscillation Flows, pulsating heat pipe runs through the cooling of all refrigerating chambers.
In described free-piston Stirling cooler, working medium is helium.
Working medium in described pulsating heat pipe selects R503 or R508A, and the liquid filled ratio in pulsating heat pipe is 30%-40%.
Described pulsating heat pipe is made up of several vertical U shape capillary brass pipe side by side, conduction cooling plate pipe profile is rectangular copper, conduction cooling plate pipe inside is U-tube road one by one, each U-shaped pipe ends opens a fixing slotted eye, the U-shaped capillary brass pipe of every root pulsating heat pipe inserts the fixing rear welded seal of slotted eye, conduction cooling plate pipe central bottom has a circular slotted eye, and circular slotted eye mates with the cold head of free-piston Stirling cooler cold junction, and welded seal is fixed.
The described side at the circular slotted eye of conduction cooling plate pipe is provided with heat-insulation layer, and centered by heat-insulation layer, grooved hole is T-shaped, covers the cold junction of whole conduction cooling plate pipe and vascular refrigerator, to prevent scattering and disappearing of cold.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: sterlin refrigerator of the present invention is in conjunction with the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe, and compared with existing low temperature refrigerator, efficiency is high, less energy consumption, and cost is low, can not produce any pollution, protection of the environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the low temperature refrigerator overall diagram of sterlin refrigerator of the present invention in conjunction with pulsating heat pipe;
To be sterlin refrigerator of the present invention remove rear wall view in conjunction with the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe to Fig. 2;
Fig. 3 is that sterlin refrigerator of the present invention is in conjunction with free-piston Stirling cooler overall diagram in the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe;
Fig. 4 is sterlin refrigerator of the present invention in conjunction with the free-piston Stirling cooler of the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe and pulsating heat pipe constitutional diagram;
Fig. 5 is that sterlin refrigerator of the present invention is in conjunction with pulsating heat pipe external view in the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe;
Fig. 6 is that sterlin refrigerator of the present invention is in conjunction with pulsating heat pipe pipeline profile in the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe;
Fig. 7 is that sterlin refrigerator of the present invention is in conjunction with pulsating heat pipe center part sectioned view in the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe.
Detailed description of the invention
As Fig. 1 based on the overall diagram of the low temperature refrigerator of free-piston Stirling cooler, Fig. 2 based on free-piston Stirling cooler low temperature refrigerator go shown in rear wall view, Fig. 3 free-piston Stirling cooler overall diagram, low temperature refrigerator comprises casing 1 and refrigeration system, and refrigerator body 1 comprises dividing plate 21, the ventilating opening 3 of lower box side, door 4, refrigerating chamber heat-insulation layer 10, refrigerator outer wall 11 bottom between refrigerating chamber 2, refrigerating chamber; Refrigeration system comprises free-piston Stirling cooler 5, pulsating heat pipe system, cooling system; Low temperature refrigerator cooling system comprises fan 6, fin 9; Described pulsating heat pipe system comprises pulsating heat pipe 7 and conduction cooling plate pipe 8; The hot junction 51 of the free-piston Stirling cooler 5 bottom refrigerator body 1 is provided with fin 9, heat exchange area can be increased, fan 6 is between fin 9 and ventilating opening 3, fan 6 constantly operates, hot junction 51 and the fin 9 of free-piston Stirling cooler 5 carry out forced-convection heat transfer with environment, and free-piston Stirling cooler 5 cold junction is constantly freezed.Free-piston Stirling cooler 5 cold junction 52 carries out heat exchange with the conduction cooling plate pipe 8 on heat-insulation layer 10, make to form Oscillation Flows with the working medium in the pulsating heat pipe 7 of conduction cooling Ban Guan 8 UNICOM, thus take cold to hot junction from cold junction, pulsating heat pipe 7 runs through all refrigerating chambers 2, the article of low temperature refrigerator refrigerating chamber 2 li are made to be down to low temperature, as shown in Figure 4 free-piston Stirling cooler and pulsating heat pipe constitutional diagram.Be filled with heat-insulating material in the outer wall 11 of described low temperature refrigerator, the loss of cold can be reduced.
Described low-temperature circulating working medium and the operating temperature of low temperature refrigerator match, and select different working medium according to the difference of low temperature refrigerator operating temperature.The present invention be directed to-50 DEG C of low temperature refrigerators to-90 DEG C of operation temperature areas, the working medium in pulsating heat pipe 7 is chosen as R503 or R508A, and the liquid filled ratio of pulsating heat pipe 7 is 30%-40%.In described free-piston Stirling cooler 5, working medium is helium.
Look and profile outside pulsating heat pipe as shown in Figure 5,6 based on the low temperature refrigerator of free-piston Stirling cooler, described pulsating heat pipe system comprises pulsating heat pipe 7 and conduction cooling plate pipe 8, the pulsating heat pipe 7 of pulsating heat pipe system is that capillary brass pipe is bent to U-shaped structure, conduction cooling plate pipe 8 profile is rectangular copper, U-tube road 82 is opened in inside, and pipeline 82 internal diameter is equal with the internal diameter of pulsating heat pipe 7.A fixing slotted eye 83 can be held in each two ends, U-tube road 82, and the internal diameter of slotted eye 83 and the external diameter of heat pipe 7 match, for being fixed in slotted eye 83 by heat pipe 7.Finally, pulsating heat pipe 7 is welded on conduction cooling plate pipe 8.Vacuumize rear injection working medium in being managed by pulsating heat pipe 7, working medium exists with the form of liquid plug and vent plug under capillary effect.Pulsating heat pipe 7 is placed in that side of refrigerating chamber 2, conduction cooling plate pipe 8 is placed in that side of free-piston Stirling cooler cold junction 52, the vent plug that internal random is formed and liquid plug can be randomly formed Oscillation Flows under the effect of pressure differential, namely heat is positioned at pulsating heat pipe 7 effluent to condensation end from evaporation ends and is namely positioned at conduction cooling plate pipe 8 side.
If Fig. 7 is based on the pulsating heat pipe center part sectioned view of the low temperature refrigerator of free-piston Stirling cooler, conduction cooling plate pipe 8 central bottom of pulsating heat pipe system opens a circular slotted eye 81, the cold head external diameter of its internal diameter and free-piston Stirling cooler 5 cold junction matches, and its degree of depth is equal with free-piston Stirling cooler 5 cold head width.The cold head of free-piston Stirling cooler 5 cold junction is inserted in circular slotted eye 81, then the two is welded together.Finally, have that side of circular slotted eye 81 to install heat-insulation layer 10 at conduction cooling plate pipe 8, " T " font of grooved hole centered by heat-insulation layer 10, covers the cold junction of whole conduction cooling plate pipe 8 and vascular refrigerator 5, to prevent scattering and disappearing of cold.
In cooling system, two symmetrical air vents 3 lay respectively at the both sides of refrigerator outer wall 11, and the hot junction 51 of free-piston Stirling cooler 5 is provided with fin 9, increases the heat exchange area with air.A fan 6 is installed between air vent 3 and fin 9, makes the hot junction 51 of free-piston Stirling cooler 5, fin 9 and other heating part forced-convection heat transfers.
Free-piston Stirling cooler cold junction of the present invention and conduction cooling plate pipe carry out heat exchange, make the working medium in pulsating heat pipe form Oscillation Flows, thus take cold to hot junction from cold junction, make the article in low temperature refrigerator refrigerating chamber be down to low temperature.Free-piston Stirling cooler refrigerating efficiency can reach more than 2 times of traditional cascade type steam compression refrigerating system, has significant power savings advantages.Meanwhile, the working medium of free-piston Stirling cooler is helium, pollution-free, environmentally friendly.

Claims (5)

1. a sterlin refrigerator is in conjunction with the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe, comprise casing and refrigeration system, casing comprises refrigerating chamber, dividing plate between refrigerating chamber, the ventilating opening of lower box side, door, heat-insulation layer, refrigerator outer wall, heat-insulating material is filled with in outer wall, it is characterized in that, refrigeration system comprises free-piston Stirling cooler, pulsating heat pipe system, cooling system, cooling system comprises fan and fin, the hot junction of free-piston Stirling cooler is provided with fin, fan is between fin and ventilating opening, carry out forced-convection heat transfer, pulsating heat pipe system comprises pulsating heat pipe and conduction cooling plate pipe, cold junction and the conduction cooling plate pipe of free-piston Stirling cooler carry out heat exchange, the working medium in the pulsating heat pipe that forms with the capillary brass pipe of conduction cooling Ban Guan UNICOM is made to form Oscillation Flows, pulsating heat pipe runs through the cooling of all refrigerating chambers.
2. sterlin refrigerator, in conjunction with the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe, is characterized in that according to claim 1, and in described free-piston Stirling cooler, working medium is helium.
3. according to claim 1 or 2, sterlin refrigerator, in conjunction with the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe, is characterized in that, the working medium in described pulsating heat pipe selects R503 or R508A, and the liquid filled ratio in pulsating heat pipe is 30%-40%.
4. sterlin refrigerator, in conjunction with the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe, is characterized in that according to claim 3,
Described pulsating heat pipe is made up of several vertical U shape capillary brass pipe side by side, conduction cooling plate pipe profile is rectangular copper, conduction cooling plate pipe inside is U-tube road one by one, each U-shaped pipe ends opens a fixing slotted eye, the U-shaped capillary brass pipe of every root pulsating heat pipe inserts the fixing rear welded seal of slotted eye, conduction cooling plate pipe central bottom has a circular slotted eye, and circular slotted eye mates with the cold head of free-piston Stirling cooler cold junction, and welded seal is fixed.
5. according to claim 4 sterlin refrigerator in conjunction with the low temperature refrigerator of pulsating heat pipe, it is characterized in that, the described side at the circular slotted eye of conduction cooling plate pipe is provided with heat-insulation layer, centered by heat-insulation layer, grooved hole is T-shaped, cover the cold junction of whole conduction cooling plate pipe and vascular refrigerator, to prevent scattering and disappearing of cold.
CN201510521282.4A 2015-08-24 2015-08-24 The low temperature refrigerator of sterlin refrigerator combination pulsating heat pipe Active CN105115219B (en)

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Cited By (15)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106766540A (en) * 2017-03-31 2017-05-31 宁波华斯特林电机制造有限公司 A kind of multi gear ice chest
CN106766502A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-05-31 上海理工大学 The temperature-varying zone refrigerator of the stirling refrigeration of detachable one two
CN106839578A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-06-13 宁波华斯特林电机制造有限公司 A kind of family expenses fast freezing case
CN107061049A (en) * 2017-02-23 2017-08-18 宁波华斯特林电机制造有限公司 A kind of Stirling motor with conduction structure
CN108036576A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-05-15 陕西仙童科技有限公司 A kind of refrigeration machine cold guide apparatus of combination pulsating heat pipe
CN108036565A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-05-15 上海理工大学 A kind of space flight low temperature refrigerator
CN108518912A (en) * 2018-05-09 2018-09-11 上海理工大学 Using the multi-temperature zone wind cooling refrigerator of pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler
CN108931067A (en) * 2017-05-24 2018-12-04 中南大学 A kind of pulse tube type refrigerating plant of vapor compression refrigeration system driving
CN109059396A (en) * 2018-07-13 2018-12-21 上海理工大学 A kind of dual temperature area space flight refrigerator
CN110274407A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-09-24 上海理工大学 A kind of split type sterlin refrigerator with novel cold head structure
CN110274406A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-09-24 上海理工大学 A kind of cold head structure and split type free-piston Stirling cooler
CN110849055A (en) * 2018-08-21 2020-02-28 同济大学 Low-temperature refrigerator
CN112460888A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-03-09 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第一附属医院 Ultra-low temperature refrigerator
CN113959144A (en) * 2021-09-30 2022-01-21 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 Temperature-equalizing and heat-insulating bearing integrated device for space
CN114136046A (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-03-04 北京航天试验技术研究所 Vehicle-mounted efficient heat-insulation Stirling deep low-temperature refrigerator

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Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106766502A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-05-31 上海理工大学 The temperature-varying zone refrigerator of the stirling refrigeration of detachable one two
CN107061049B (en) * 2017-02-23 2023-09-22 宁波华斯特林电机制造有限公司 Stirling motor with cold guide structure
CN107061049A (en) * 2017-02-23 2017-08-18 宁波华斯特林电机制造有限公司 A kind of Stirling motor with conduction structure
CN106839578A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-06-13 宁波华斯特林电机制造有限公司 A kind of family expenses fast freezing case
CN106766540A (en) * 2017-03-31 2017-05-31 宁波华斯特林电机制造有限公司 A kind of multi gear ice chest
CN108931067B (en) * 2017-05-24 2020-11-03 中南大学 Pulse tube type refrigerating device driven by vapor compression refrigerating system
CN108931067A (en) * 2017-05-24 2018-12-04 中南大学 A kind of pulse tube type refrigerating plant of vapor compression refrigeration system driving
CN108036565A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-05-15 上海理工大学 A kind of space flight low temperature refrigerator
CN108036576B (en) * 2017-12-15 2024-04-12 陕西仙童科技有限公司 Refrigerator cold-conducting device combined with pulsating heat pipe
CN108036576A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-05-15 陕西仙童科技有限公司 A kind of refrigeration machine cold guide apparatus of combination pulsating heat pipe
CN108518912A (en) * 2018-05-09 2018-09-11 上海理工大学 Using the multi-temperature zone wind cooling refrigerator of pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler
CN108518912B (en) * 2018-05-09 2023-11-07 上海理工大学 Multi-temperature-zone air-cooled refrigerator adopting pulse tube type free piston Stirling refrigerator
CN109059396A (en) * 2018-07-13 2018-12-21 上海理工大学 A kind of dual temperature area space flight refrigerator
CN110849055A (en) * 2018-08-21 2020-02-28 同济大学 Low-temperature refrigerator
CN110274406A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-09-24 上海理工大学 A kind of cold head structure and split type free-piston Stirling cooler
CN110274406B (en) * 2019-06-28 2021-05-11 上海理工大学 Cold head structure and split type free piston Stirling refrigerating machine
CN110274407A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-09-24 上海理工大学 A kind of split type sterlin refrigerator with novel cold head structure
CN112460888B (en) * 2020-10-30 2022-04-26 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第一附属医院 Ultra-low temperature refrigerator
CN112460888A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-03-09 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第一附属医院 Ultra-low temperature refrigerator
CN113959144A (en) * 2021-09-30 2022-01-21 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 Temperature-equalizing and heat-insulating bearing integrated device for space
CN113959144B (en) * 2021-09-30 2023-02-17 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 Temperature-equalizing and heat-insulating bearing integrated device for space
CN114136046A (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-03-04 北京航天试验技术研究所 Vehicle-mounted efficient heat-insulation Stirling deep low-temperature refrigerator
CN114136046B (en) * 2021-11-10 2023-10-13 北京航天试验技术研究所 Vehicle-mounted high-efficiency heat-insulation Stirling cryogenic refrigerator

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Inventor after: Chen Xi

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