CN105114138A - Low-temperature energy storage power generation system and running method thereof - Google Patents
Low-temperature energy storage power generation system and running method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105114138A CN105114138A CN201510493449.0A CN201510493449A CN105114138A CN 105114138 A CN105114138 A CN 105114138A CN 201510493449 A CN201510493449 A CN 201510493449A CN 105114138 A CN105114138 A CN 105114138A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature energy storage power generation system and a running method thereof, and relates to the technique of energy storage. During energy storage, a motor consumes electric energy to drive a compression unit I and an expansion unit I which have a stage intercooling function, and low-temperature cold energy is generated and is stored in a low-temperature cold-storage medium in a cold energy storage through a heat exchanger. When energy is released, working fluid in cold energy release and power generation circulation absorbs the low-temperature cold energy in the cold energy storage through another heat exchanger to be liquefied. The liquefied working fluid is vaporized through an evaporator after pressure is increased through a pump, and a power generator is driven by an expansion unit II to generate power. The low-temperature energy storage power generation system has the advantages of being large, low in cost and high in efficiency, free of generation of greenhouse gas, capable of recycling medium-and-low-temperature (heat value) waste heat and the like, and is particularly suitable for large-scale long-time electric energy storage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of new energies, store based on cryogenic cold energy, the organic combination of heat accumulation and power cycle, effectively realize the low cost of electric energy, heat energy and cold energy, the novel energy-storing system of efficient storage and utilization and electricity-generating method thereof.
Background technique
Day by day universal along with the renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy, and peak load regulation network and region energy supply and improve the active demand of electric network reliability, the significance of electric energy storing system highlights day by day.The contradiction of peak-valley difference during extensive power energy storage technology effectively can solve electrical production and use; The intermittent type such as wind energy, solar energy renewable energy power generation unstability can be solved; When Regional Energy system encounters the line fault of local, electric energy storing system can provide continual power supply supply.
Existing power energy storage technology comprises energy storage of drawing water, compressed-air energy storage, heat pump energy storage, batteries to store energy, superconduction magnetic energy, flywheel energy storage and super capacitor etc. at present.
Water is delivered to elevated reservoir from low level reservoir at low power consumption by water pump by water-pumping energy-storage system, thus is that the potential energy of water stores by electric energy conversion; In peak of power consumption, water is disposed to low level reservoir from elevated reservoir and drives water turbine generating.Energy storage of drawing water possesses skills the advantages such as maturation, efficiency is high, capacity is large, the energy storage cycle is unrestricted, is now widely used electric energy storing system.But need superior geographical conditions to build reservoir and dam, the construction period is longer, initial investment is huge and can bring ecological problem.
Compressed-air energy storage is at low power consumption, and being stored in gas storage chamber by air compressing (4-8Mpa), is the pressure energy of air stores by electric energy conversion; In peak of power consumption, high-pressure air discharges from gas storage chamber, after regenerator preheating, enters gas-turbine combustion chamber burning, then drives turbine power generation.Compressed-air energy-storage system has that stored energy capacitance is comparatively large, the energy storage cycle is long, efficiency is high and the advantage such as investment is relatively little.But compressed-air energy-storage system also needs special geographical conditions to build large-scale gas storage chamber, as rock cavity, Yan Dong, abandoned mine etc., limits the application area of compressed-air energy-storage system.And need to rely on combustion of fossil fuels and provide thermal source, burning produces the pollutants such as nitride, sulphide and carbon dioxide, does not meet green (zero-emission), reproducible energy development requirement.
The chemical energy that batteries to store energy converts electrical energy into battery stores, have fast to load response, easily with the advantage such as stability of the combination of multiple power station and the system that can increase electric power, be suitable as electric power system energy storage device.But, current battery technology still exist expensive, working life is short, energy density is low and waste chemical pollute be difficult to the shortcomings such as elimination.Although storage battery is applied in short time and small capacity standby power supply, but still cannot meet the requirement of large-scale power energy-storage system.
Electric current is imported toroidal inductor by superconducting energy storage technology, and because this toroidal inductor is made up of superconducting material, therefore electric current can constantly circulate in coil without loss, until derive.Superconduction magnetic energy energy-storage system has high efficiency for charge-discharge and fast-response time, but price is very expensive, is about other types energy-storage system tens of to hundreds of times, is unsuitable for the large-scale application in extensive large-scale power energy-storage system.
Flywheel energy storage is that the mechanical energy converting electrical energy into flywheel stores, but there is the problems such as the low and bearing loss of energy density.There is the problems such as cost is high, stored energy capacitance is little, oneself dissipation is serious in flywheel current and capacitor energy storage system, can not meet the requirement of electric energy storing system.
Heat pump energy storage technology is energy storage technology emerging in recent years, and this technology utilizes one group of efficiently reversible heat engine electric energy be converted into heat energy and cold energy simultaneously and be stored in two thermally insulated containers.Because heat pump energy storage technology needs to store high temperature heat and cryogenic cold energy simultaneously, the condition of the required pressure of especially high temperature heat storage is higher, and need the high-pressure bottle of large volume, therefore the cost of this technology is higher.
Heat-storage technology is the key technology solving hot both sides of supply and demand contradiction over time and space, and large-scale application is in utilizing at solar thermal utilization and industrial exhaust heat.Heat-storage technology generally can be divided into sensible heat heat accumulation, latent heat heat accumulation and chemical heat storage three class.
Sensible heat heat accumulation is heat energy storage by the change of heat-accumulating material temperature suctions/heat release, be principle the most simply, a class energy accumulating technique that technology is the most ripe, have that cost is low, efficiency advantages of higher.Sensible heat heat accumulation can be divided into the heat-storage technology such as packed bed solid heat-storage technology, concrete heat accumulation and double-pot type liquid (water, conduction oil and fuse salt) heat accumulation further, is widely applied at industrial field and solar energy thermal-power-generating field.
The latent heat of phase change absorbed when latent heat heat accumulation mainly utilizes heat storage material to undergo phase transition or release, to realize the storage of energy, has storage density compared with advantages such as high, temperature fluctuation range is little, compact structures.Chemical heat storage mainly carries out heat accumulation by the reaction heat of chemical reaction, have energy storage density high, can long term storage advantage, but technical sophistication, still immature.Current latent heat heat accumulation is still in commercial demonstration phase, chemical heat storage technology is in the laboratory research stage, needs to solve many problems before large-scale application.
Ice storage technology is extensive commercialization storage refrigeration technique main at present, and the research for deep cooling ultra-low temperature region storage refrigeration technique is little.Although current heat-storage technology has the low advantage of cost, electric power storage system efficiency is subject to the restriction of heat accumulation/photoelectric transformation efficiency.Such as, there is so a kind of system utilizing high temperature heat storage of electrical energy in prior art, it comprises heat accumulation loop and heat release loop, the combination of compressor and decompressor is all utilized to carry out storage or the release of heat energy in two loops, the heat of compression is stored in heat storage medium by the heat accumulation stage, the heat release stage by the storage Thermal release in heat storage medium out to working fluid heats, then promote decompressor externally to do work, although this system achieves storage and the release of electric power to a certain extent, but also there is significant shortcoming and defect in it, show highlightedly: the heat energy of (1) working medium under high pressure completes storage, and high pressure thermal storage equipment needs the pressurized container of heavy wall and bulky, manufacture cost is very high, (2) in the energy storage stage, the heat of high-pressure air is absorbed rear temperature by heat storage medium and declines to a great extent, then warm high-pressure air after the decompressor that pressure ratio is identical with compression process Pressure Drop to normal pressure, high-pressure air in this inflation process can be larger by the loss of energy, output work is less, and thus the system effectiveness of thermal energy storage process is lower.(3) the heat release stage utilizes the compression-expansion circulation loop closed, substantially the heat energy of storage and other auxiliary heat energy (such as solar heat, industrial waste heat etc.) cannot be made to be used simultaneously, and using room temperature as the low-temperature heat source temperature of thermodynamic cycle, cause the cold warm end temperature difference of system less, be subject to the restriction of Carnot's cycle efficiency, ability and the efficiency of system external output mechanical energy or electric energy reduce greatly.
Visible, all there is different shortcomings in current existing electric energy storing system, the novel energy-storing system little in the urgent need to a kind of unit energy storage investment, efficiency is high, the life-span is long, and this energy-storage system must not by the restriction of geographical conditions, be applicable to all kinds power station and environmentally friendly.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses one and utilize low temperature energy-storing and power-generating system and operation method thereof, this energy-storing and power-generating system has that efficiency is high, cost is low, long service life and not by the feature such as restriction of geographical conditions, to solve the problem of peak-valley difference in electrical production and use, and the factor such as intermittence, unstability solving the renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy causes its harmful effect of generating to electrical network.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of low temperature energy-storing and power-generating system, can be that cryogenic cold energy stores by electric energy conversion, and utilize cryogenic cold energy generate electricity when needed, comprise fill can loop, release energy loop and cold storage material loop;
Fill and can comprise motor, expansion unit I, heat exchanger I, compressor bank I (for three grades in loop, comprise first order compressor, high stage compressor, third level compressor), inter-stage heat exchanger (for three grades, comprising first order compressor heat exchanger, high stage compressor heat exchanger, third level compressor heat exchanger);
Release and can comprise generator, expansion unit II, heat exchanger II, pump and vaporizer in loop;
Cold storage material loop comprises normal temperature storage, cryogenic memory, heat exchanger I and heat exchanger II, described cold energy store with the heat exchanger I in Releasing loop, heat exchanger II respectively with fill can heat exchanger I in loop, to release the heat exchanger II in loop to be same parts;
Wherein, fill the motor in energy loop, compressor bank I and expansion unit I are arranged on common axle or by gearbox and are connected, and wherein the export pipeline of expansion unit I accesses the low temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger I, the high temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger I sequentially passes through first order compressor, the working gas pipeline of first order compressor heat exchanger, high stage compressor, the working gas pipeline of high stage compressor heat exchanger, the working gas pipeline of third level compressor and third level compressor heat exchanger, the working gas pipeline output terminal of third level compressor heat exchanger and the entrance pipe of expansion unit I interlink, form the working gas loop closed relative to environment.
Fill can compressor bank I is discharged in loop working gas in inter-stage heat exchanger by cooled from cooling fluid, the material of described cooling fluid is the combination of water, air, oil, alcohol solution a kind of or at least 2 kinds.
Wherein, release delivery side of pump pipeline described in energy loop to be connected with evaporator inlet end working fluid side-entrance pipeline, evaporator operation fluid side export pipeline is connected with expansion unit II entrance pipe, the low temperature side pipeline of expansion unit II export pipeline access heat exchanger II, the high temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger II is connected with pump intake pipeline, forms the working gas loop closed relative to environment.
Cold energy stores with Releasing loop, and heat exchanger I output terminal order forms cold energy through cryogenic memory, heat exchanger II and normal temperature storage and stores and Releasing loop.Described heat exchanger I, II is the combination of a kind of of board-like, plate and fin type, shell pipe type, spiral-plate type, double pipe heat exchanger or at least 2 kinds.The material of described biography thermal storage fluid is the combination of a kind of of the organic or inorganic working medium such as alcohol, alkene, ion fluid or at least 2 kinds.
Described low temperature energy-storing and power-generating system, can adopt and be connected to that fill can loop and release the cold storage apparatus that can circulate and substitute cold energy storage and Releasing loop simultaneously, for storing the cryogenic cold energy of filling and can circulate and discharging releasing to circulate.The cold energy storage medium of described cold storage apparatus is one in sensible heat cold-storage or solid-liquid phase change cold-storage or combination of more than two kinds, sensible heat cool storage medium comprises porous material, rock, brick, sand, ceramic ball, metal granule, solid-liquid phase change cool storage medium comprises the ammonia of solid-liquid phase change temperature in low temperature area and the aqueous solution, salts solution, alkanes, olefin compound and compound thereof, one or more in alcohols and the aqueous solution thereof; Its heat exchange form be working fluid in cold storage apparatus with cool storage medium direct contact heat transfer or non-direct contact heat exchange; The outer thermal insulation of described cold storage apparatus is glass fibre, vacuumize in polyurethane foam, pearlife or interlayer wall one or more.
Described low temperature energy-storing and power-generating system, described compressor bank I, is in series by 1 grade or at least 2 grades, is piston type, axial flow, centrifugal, screw type or hybrid; Described expansion unit I, II, is in series by 1 grade or at least 2 grades, is piston type, axial flow, radial inflow, screw type or hybrid.
Described low temperature energy-storing and power-generating system, is used in renewable energy power generation factory, stores the intermittent unstable energy and stablize to export; In the power station that described energy-storage system is used in network system or user, store at low power consumption and export electric energy in peak of power consumption.
Described low temperature energy-storing and power-generating system, during described evaporator operation, required heat energy can come from the industrial exhaust heat such as iron and steel, thermoelectricity, used heat or solar heat.
Preferably, described releasing loop can also be coupled with high temperature biography thermal storage fluid loop, described high temperature passes thermal storage fluid loop and comprises the heat exchanger III connected successively, cryogenic memory II, heat collector and high temperature storage, high-temperature heat-storage MEDIA FLOW in high temperature storage discharges high temperature heat after heat exchanger III, the biography heat storage medium of discharging is stored in cryogenic memory, the workflow side of described heat exchanger III is connected on the export pipeline of described vaporizer, make the working fluid flowed out by vaporizer can absorb high temperature further when flowing through the workflow side of described heat exchanger III and pass heat in thermal storage fluid loop.Further, the heat in described heat collector can come from the industrial exhaust heat such as iron and steel, thermoelectricity, used heat or solar heat.
According to a further aspect in the invention, additionally provide a kind of operation method of above-mentioned low temperature energy-storing and power-generating system, specific as follows:
When filling energy,
A) electric energy changes mechanical energy driving expansion unit I and compressor bank group I running into by motor unit, the working gas of normal temperature high voltage changes the working gas of low-pressure low-temperature into after expansion unit I expands, and the shaft work that gas expansion process is done drives compressor bank I running.
B) expansion unit I working gas of low-pressure low-temperature of discharging, there is heat exchange in when flowing through heat exchanger I and cold storage material loop, cryogenic media is stored in cold storage, and the working gas of low normal pressure and temperature is discharged and entered in compressor bank I in heat exchanger I.
The working gas that the working gas of the low normal pressure and temperature of c) discharging in heat exchanger I enter successively first order compressor, first order compressor heat exchanger, high stage compressor, high stage compressor heat exchanger, third level compressor and third level compressor heat exchanger change normal temperature high voltage into enters in expansion unit I, forms closed-loop path.
When releasing energy,
D) the normal temperature high voltage working gas that from evaporator drier II is discharged enters in expansion unit II and expands, and simultaneously through axle driven dynamo generating, discharges the working gas of low pressure in expansion unit II.
E) working gas of low pressure is discharged in self-expanding unit II, low temperature when flowing through heat exchanger II and in cold storage passes heat storage medium generation heat exchange and liquefy to liquid state, cryogenic cold energy in cold storage discharges, after the working liquid body of low-pressure low-temperature that heat exchanger I is discharged enters pump, discharge the working liquid body of cryogenic high pressure.
F) gaseous working fluid of the cryogenic high pressure of pump discharge is through evaporator, and after absorbing the heat of external environment, the working gas that gaseous working fluid changes normal temperature high voltage into enters expansion unit II, forms closed-loop path.
G) store up cold fluid to be stored in normal temperature storage after heat exchanger II temperature raises, complete and once release SAPMAC method.
Described low temperature energy-storing and power-generating system, electric energy conversion, to fill energy loop and to release the working gas in energy loop for power cycle working medium, is cryogenic cold energy and stores by it in thermal energy storage process; In exoergic process, cold energy exports and is liquefied by working fluid, and after pump, pressure raises, and working fluid is entered expander acting in vaporizer after heating and gasifying.
Compared with the existing technology, the invention has the advantages that:
Electric energy conversion is that under normal pressure, cryogenic cold energy stores by the present invention, cryogenic cold energy memory device structure is simple, storage cold material is cheaply easy to get, store up that cold containers cost is low, accumulator puts long service life, eliminate that the energy storage device cost that existing electric energy storing system exists is high, the energy storage cycle is short, the life-span is short and the shortcoming such as environmental pollution, is very suitable for long-time jumbo electrical power storage.
It is high that the system of cryogenic cold energy storage of electrical energy of the present invention has electric energy-cold energy transformation efficiency, has the overall high advantage of energy-storage system.And the cold energy dissipative shock wave of cryogenic cold energy storage device is very low, long-time electrical power storage efficiently can be realized.
The system of cryogenic cold energy storage of electrical energy of the present invention have be applicable to electric power system peak load shifting and renewable energy system, do not produce greenhouse gases, the advantage such as recyclable middle low temperature (calorific value) used heat.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system embodiment 1 structural representation of low temperature storage of electrical energy of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is system embodiment 2 structural representation of low temperature storage of electrical energy of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is system embodiment 3 structural representation of low temperature storage of electrical energy of the present invention;
Fig. 4 by embodiments of the invention 3 the basic structure schematic diagram of employing cold storage apparatus.
Embodiment
For making object of the present invention, technological scheme and advantage clearly understand, to develop simultaneously embodiment referring to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, be the embodiment 1 of low temperature energy storage of the present invention and power generation system, comprise fill can loop 102, releasing can loop 103 and pass thermal storage fluid loop 22.
Filling shown in Fig. 1 can comprise in loop: decompressor 1, heat exchanger 2, first order compressor 3, first order compressor heat exchanger 4, high stage compressor 5, high stage compressor heat exchanger 6, third level compressor 7 and third level compressor heat exchanger 8.Working gas is circulated by these assemblies as shown in the solid line with arrow in Fig. 1.The rotating shaft of motor 9 is connected with the rotating shaft of decompressor 1 with compressor 3,5,7.In addition, cooling liquid 18,19,20 is connected in heat exchanger 4,6,8.
The operational process of filling energy loop is: first, electric energy changes mechanical energy into by motor 9 and drives decompressor 1 and compressor bank 101 to operate, the working gas of the Room-temperature low-pressure that heat exchanger 2 is discharged, enter first order compressor 3 successively, first order compressor heat exchanger 4, high stage compressor 5, high stage compressor heat exchanger 6, the working gas that third level compressor 7 and third level compressor heat exchanger 8 change normal temperature high voltage into enters in decompressor 1, the working gas of high pressure changes the working gas of low-pressure low-temperature into after decompressor 1 expands, the working gas of the low-pressure low-temperature that decompressor 1 is discharged, with the biography thermal storage fluid generation heat exchange passed in thermal storage fluid loop 22 when flowing through heat exchanger 2, pass thermal storage fluid cold energy to be stored in cold energy storage 10, the working gas of Room-temperature low-pressure is discharged from heat exchanger 2 and is entered compressor 3, form closed-loop path.Gas expansion process is done work and is exported on axle, and motor 9, decompressor 1 work drive compressor bank 101 to operate jointly, and the electric energy of consumption is the difference that compressor wasted work and decompressor go out merit, and what store is the cold energy in cold storage 10.
Releasing described in Fig. 1 can comprise generator 14, decompressor 13, heat exchanger 12, pump 16 and vaporizer 15 in loop 103.Working fluid is circulated by these assemblies as shown in the solid line with arrow in Fig. 1.The rotating shaft of generator 14 is connected with the rotating shaft of decompressor 13.In addition, cold energy stores with delivery system by heat exchanger 12 and working fluid heat exchange.
The operational process releasing energy loop is: first, the working gas of low pressure is discharged in self-expanding machine 13, low-temperature cold accumulation medium generation heat exchange when flowing through heat exchanger 12 and in cold energy storage 10 also liquefy to liquid state, cryogenic cold energy in cold energy storage 10 discharges, after the working liquid body of low-pressure low-temperature that heat exchanger 2 is discharged enters pump 16, discharge the working liquid body of high pressure.The gaseous working fluid of the cryogenic high pressure that pump 16 is discharged is through evaporator 15, and after absorbing the heat of external environment, the working gas that gaseous working fluid changes normal temperature high voltage into enters decompressor 13, forms closed-loop path.When vaporizer 15 works, required heat energy can come from the industrial exhaust heat such as iron and steel, thermoelectricity, used heat or solar heat.Releasing the energy-consuming parts in loop to be pump 16, and acting parts are decompressor 13, and the electric energy of generation is the difference that decompressor goes out merit and pump wasted work, the cold energy in the cold storage 10 consumed in exoergic process, generation be electric energy.
Filling in energy cyclic process, the liquid state in storage 11 passes thermal storage fluid and flows through in heat exchanger 2, absorbs and stores cryogenic cold energy, being stored in cold energy storage 10.Releasing in energy cyclic process, the low temperature in cold energy storage 10 passes thermal storage fluid and flows through in heat exchanger 12, release cryogenic cold energy, and the biography thermal storage fluid of discharge is stored in storage 11, is formed and once circulates.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 2, be the system embodiment 2 that cryogenic cold energy storage of electrical energy of the present invention is coupled with solar energy, comprise fill can loop 102, releasing can loop 103 and solar energy heat-storage subtense angle.
Filling shown in Fig. 2 can comprise in loop: decompressor 1, heat exchanger 2, first order compressor 3, first order compressor heat exchanger 4, high stage compressor 5, high stage compressor heat exchanger 6, third level compressor 7 and third level compressor heat exchanger 8.Working gas is circulated by these assemblies as shown in the solid line with arrow in Fig. 1.The rotating shaft of motor 9 is connected with the rotating shaft of decompressor 1 with compressor 3,5,7.In addition, cooling liquid 18,19,20 is connected in heat exchanger 4,6,8.Filling of embodiment 2 can the filling of gas circulation and embodiment 1 of circulation time can circulate identical, repeats no more herein.Fill in circulating, the electric energy of consumption is the difference of compressor wasted work and decompressor output work, and what store is the cold energy in cold storage 10.
Releasing described in Fig. 2 can comprise generator 14, decompressor 13, heat exchanger 12, pump 16, vaporizer 15 and heat exchanger 25 in loop 103.Working fluid is circulated by these assemblies as shown in the solid line with arrow in Fig. 2.The rotating shaft of generator 14 is connected with the rotating shaft of decompressor 13.In addition, cold energy stores with delivery system by heat exchanger 12 and working fluid heat exchange, and solar energy heat-storage heat-collecting heat-storage system is by heat exchanger 25 and working fluid heat exchange.
The operational process releasing energy loop is: first, the working gas of low pressure is discharged in self-expanding machine 13, cryogenic media generation heat exchange when flowing through heat exchanger 12 and in cold storage 10 also liquefy to liquid state, cryogenic cold energy in cold storage 2 discharges, after the working liquid body of low-pressure low-temperature that heat exchanger 2 is discharged enters pump 16, discharge the working liquid body of high pressure.The gaseous working fluid of the cryogenic high pressure that pump 16 is discharged is through evaporator 15, after absorbing the heat of external environment, absorb high temperature solar thermal energy further across after heat exchanger 25, the working gas that gaseous working fluid changes High Temperature High Pressure into enters decompressor 13, forms closed-loop path.Releasing the energy-consuming parts in loop to be pump 16, and acting parts are decompressor 13, and the electric energy of generation is the difference that decompressor goes out merit and pump wasted work, the cold energy in the cold storage 10 consumed in exoergic process and the heat energy in high temperature storage 26, generation be electric energy.
Filling in energy cyclic process, the liquid cool storage medium in storage 11 flows through in heat exchanger 2, absorbs and stores cryogenic cold energy, is stored in cryogenic memory 10.Releasing in energy cyclic process, the low-temperature cold accumulation MEDIA FLOW in storage 10 is in heat exchanger 12, and release cryogenic cold energy, the cool storage medium of discharge is stored in storage 11, is formed and once circulates.
Releasing in energy cyclic process, the high-temperature heat-storage MEDIA FLOW in high temperature storage 26 is in heat exchanger 25, and discharge high temperature heat, the heat storage medium of discharge is stored in storage 28; Releasing the period outside energy cyclic process, the heat-storage medium in storage 28 flows through in solar thermal collector 27, absorbs high temperature solar thermal energy, and is stored in high temperature storage 26, is formed and once circulates.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 3, the system for cryogenic cold energy storage of electrical energy of the present invention adopts the embodiment 3 of cold storage apparatus 2, comprises and fills energy loop 102 and release energy loop 103.
Embodiment 3 fill can circulation time gas circulation and embodiment 1 fill can circulate identical.Fill in circulating, motor 9, decompressor 1 work drive compressor bank 101 to operate jointly, and the electric energy of consumption is the difference of compressor wasted work and decompressor output work, and what store is the cold energy in cold storage apparatus 2.
Releasing described in Fig. 3 can comprise generator 13, decompressor 12, cold storage apparatus 2, pump 10 and vaporizer 11 in loop 103.Working gas is circulated by these assemblies as shown in the solid line with arrow in Fig. 3.The rotating shaft of generator 13 is connected with the rotating shaft of decompressor 12.Embodiment 3 release can circulation time gas circulation and embodiment 1 release can circulate identical.Releasing the power-consuming component in loop to be pump 10, and acting parts are decompressor 12, and the electric energy of generation is the difference of decompressor output work and pump power consumption, and the main energetic consumed in exoergic process is low temperature energy, generation be electric energy.
Fig. 4 by embodiments of the invention 3 the basic structure of employing cold storage apparatus 2, comprise thermal insulation layer 19, working fluid pipeline 21,23 and cool storage medium 22.Filling energy circulation time, fill and can enter cold storage apparatus 2 by working fluid pipeline 21 by working fluid, entrained cryogenic cold energy passes to cool storage medium 22 by pipeline wall place.Releasing can circulation time, release and can enter cold storage apparatus 2 by working fluid pipeline 23 by working fluid, by the heat transfer of pipeline wall place the cryogenic cold energy that cool storage medium 22 stores taken away and discharge acting and generate electricity.
Low temperature energy-storing and power-generating system of the present invention, can realize electric energy interval, unstable wind energy and solar energy being changed into high-quality, be supplied to electrical network; And this system adopts storage refrigeration technique with low cost, greatly reduces system investments cost.
Low temperature energy-storing and power-generating system of the present invention, obtains high-grade cryogenic cold energy by gas circulation and stores, achieve the efficiency utilization of solar thermal energy and industrial exhaust heat simultaneously.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technological scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., within the protection domain that all should be included in claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a low temperature energy-storing and power-generating system, can be by electric energy conversion cryogenic cold energy store, and need time utilize cryogenic cold energy generate electricity, comprise fill can loop (102), release can loop (103) and biography thermal storage fluid loop (22), it is characterized in that
--described in fill can loop (102) comprise band cascade EDFA compressor bank I (101), expansion unit I (1) and heat exchanger I (2), and wherein: described compressor bank I (101) and expansion unit I (1) coaxially arranged, or connected by gearbox, the inlet ductwork of the outlet side working gas pipeline access expansion unit I (1) of described compressor bank I (101), the working gas side-entrance pipeline of export pipeline access heat exchanger I (2) of expansion unit I (1), the working gas side outlet pipeline of heat exchanger I (2) is connected with the inlet side working gas pipeline of compressor bank I (101), form the working gas loop closed relative to environment,
--described in release can loop (103) comprise pump (16), expansion unit II (13), vaporizer (15) and heat exchanger II (12), and the export pipeline of wherein said pump (16) is connected with the inlet ductwork of vaporizer (15), the export pipeline of vaporizer (15) is connected with the entrance pipe of expansion unit II (13), the working gas side-entrance pipeline of export pipeline access heat exchanger II (12) of expansion unit II (13), the working gas side outlet pipeline of heat exchanger II (12) is connected with the entrance pipe of pump (16), form the working gas loop closed relative to environment,
--described biography thermal storage fluid loop (22) comprises storage (11), cold energy storage (10), heat exchanger I (2) and heat exchanger II (12), heat exchanger I in described biography thermal storage fluid loop, heat exchanger II respectively with fill can heat exchanger I in loop, to release the heat exchanger II in loop to be same parts, wherein the biography thermal storage fluid side outlet pipeline order of heat exchanger I (2) forms through the biography thermal storage fluid side of cold energy storage (10), heat exchanger II (12) and storage (11) and passes thermal storage fluid loop;
To be stored in cold energy storage (10) in described biography thermal storage fluid loop (22) by heat exchanger I (2) filling the cryogenic cold energy that can produce in loop (102), and the cryogenic cold energy be stored in described cold energy storage (10) is being released and can be consumed, for generation of electric energy by heat exchanger II (12) in loop (103).
2. energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, cold energy storage (10) and storage (11) inside store low temperature respectively and passes thermal storage fluid and normal temperature biography thermal storage fluid; When filling energy loop (102) and running, the normal temperature in storage (11) is stored in cold energy storage (10) after passing the cryogenic cold energy in thermal storage fluid absorption heat-exchange device I (2); When releasing energy loop (103) and running, the normal temperature in cold energy storage (10) passes thermal storage fluid and discharges after cryogenic cold energy through heat exchanger (12) II, and normal temperature passes thermal storage fluid and is stored in storage (11).
3. the energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 1,2, it is characterized in that, adopt the cold energy storage (10) being connected to simultaneously and filling energy loop (102) and release can circulate (103), fill the cryogenic cold energy of energy loop (102) for storage and releasing and can discharge in loop (103).
4. the energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 1,3, it is characterized in that, the cold energy storage medium of described cold energy storage (10) is one in sensible heat cold-storage or solid-liquid phase change cold-storage or combination of more than two kinds, sensible heat cool storage medium comprises porous material, rock, brick, grit, sand, ceramic ball, metal granule, solid-liquid phase change cool storage medium comprises the ammonia of solid-liquid phase change temperature in low temperature area and the aqueous solution, salts solution, alkanes, olefin compound and compound thereof, one or more in alcohols and the aqueous solution thereof; Its heat exchange form be working fluid in cold storage apparatus with cool storage medium direct contact heat transfer or non-direct contact heat exchange; The outer thermal insulation of described cold energy storage (10) is glass fibre, vacuumize in polyurethane foam, pearlife or interlayer wall.
5. energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the compressor bank I (101) of described band cascade EDFA forms by being no less than 2 stage compressors, described working gas is through every stage compressor (3,5,7), after compression, inter-stage heat exchanger (4 is entered, 6,8) heat exchange, heat is cooled fluid (18,19,20) take away, then enter next stage or the expansion unit I (1) of compressor.
6. energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in fill the working gas in loop (102) to be one in water-free air, nitrogen, oxygen, helium, argon gas or at least 2 kinds of mixtures.
7. energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in release the working fluid in loop (103) to be carbon dioxide or organic working medium, by the one in alkane, alkene or at least two kinds of mixtures.The described working fluid released in energy loop (103) is liquid state after absorption cryogenic cold energy, is gaseous state or supercritical state under normal temperature and high temperature.
8. the energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 1,2, is characterized in that, described heat exchanger I, II (2,12) are board-like, plate and fin type, the combination of shell pipe type, spiral-plate type, double pipe heat exchanger a kind of or at least 2 kinds.
9. energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described compressor bank I, II is in series by 1 grade or at least 2 grades, is piston type, axial flow, centrifugal, screw type or hybrid; Described expansion unit I, II (1,13), is in series by 1 grade or at least 2 grades, is piston type, axial flow, radial inflow, screw type or hybrid.
10. according to aforementioned energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the material of described cooling fluid (18,19,20) is the combination of water, air, oil, alcohol solution a kind of or at least 2 kinds.
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